Heritage: Journal of Social Studies
Vol. 1 No. 1 (2020): Heritage: Journal of Social Studies

Pergolakan Agraria 1965-1966 di Banyuwangi

Hanif Risa Mustafa (General)



Article Info

Publish Date
12 May 2020

Abstract

Abstract Writing agrarian history often places the forced cultivation system in the colonial period as the main focus, while the issues of agrarian problems during the transition from the old order to the new order are slightly touched on. In Banyuwangi, the implementation of UUPA became a dispute between PKI and NU sympathizers. Disputes escalated after the September 30 Movement. This paper questions again what factors triggered the agitation in Banyuwangi, and whether the violence between groups in Banyuwangi that occurred was related to the agrarian Agitation of 1965-1966. The aim is to review the roots of agrarian problems that occur in Banyuwangi society. This paper uses the historical method. PKI with the combined strength of BTI and Pemuda Rakyat in Banyuwangi took unilateral action. This unilateral action caused criticism from the injured parties. As a result of the unilateral action there was a reverse flow from the group that defended its land. In politics in Banyuwangi the backflow was shown by the inauguration of the district head's inauguration. The backflow increasingly developed damage to several facilities belonging to PKI sympathizers. The peak of tension was marked by the incidents of Cemetuk and Karangasem. The unilateral action in Banyuwangi was rooted in a group of PKI sympathizers who were anxious that they had not immediately obtained the promised land from the UUPA, while the reverse flow was a form of resistance to unilateral action. Polarized societies against groups clashed with problems of agrarian conflict have triggered conflict. Abstrak Penulisan sejarah agraria kerap menempatkan sistem tanam paksa masa kolonial sebagai fokus utama, sedangkan isu-isu permasalahan agraria masa peralihan orde lama ke orde baru sedikit disinggung. Di Banyuwangi, implementasi Undang-Undang Pokok Agraria (UUPA) menjadi perselisihan antar simpatisan PKI dan NU. Perselisihan makin meningkat setelah peristiwa Gerakan 30 September. Tulisan ini mempertanyakan kembali faktor apa yang menyulut pergolakan di Banyuwangi, dan apakah kekerasan antar kelompok di Banyuwangi yang terjadi berkaitan dengan pergolakan agraria tahun 1965-1966. Tujuannya untuk meninjau kembali akar permasalahan agraria yang berlangsung pada masyarakat Banyuwangi. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode sejarah namun mengingat penelitian ini bersifat kontemporer, maka sumber yang digunakan sumber tertulis serta tinjauan dari kajian yang sudah ada sebelumnya berupa literatur dan kajian akademis. PKI dengan kekuatan gabungan BTI (Barisan tani Indonesia) dan Pemuda Rakyat di Banyuwangi melakukan aksi sepihak. Aksi ini dianggap sebagai perjuangan hak atas tanah. Aksi sepihak ini menimbulkan kecaman dari pihak-pihak yang dirugikan. Akibat adanya aksi sepihak tersebut terjadilah arus balik dari kelompok yang mempertahankan tanahnya. Pada perpolitikan di Banyuwangi arus balik ditunjukkan dengan penggagalan pelantikan bupati, lantaran calon dianggap melindungi aksi sepihak. Arus balik semakin berkembang pengerusakan beberapa fasilitas milik simpatisan PKI. Puncak ketegangan ditandai dengan insiden Cemetuk dan Karangasem. Aksi sepihak di Banyuwangi berakar pada kelompok simpatisan PKI yang resah belum segera mendapatkan tanah yang dijanjikan dari program UUPA, sementara arus balik bentuk perlawanan terhadap aksi sepihak. Masyarakat yang terpolarisasi atas golongan dibenturkan dengan permasalahan konflik agraria telah memicu konflik. Kata kunci: agraria, aksi sepihak, arus balik, pergolakan 1965-1966

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Journal Info

Abbrev

hrtg

Publisher

Subject

Education Environmental Science Social Sciences

Description

Heritage: Journal of Social Studies accept high quality contributions that cover: 1. Social Studies Education Themes; 2. Islamic integrated social studies education; 3. social science education; and 4. social sciences. Heritage: Journal of Social Studies especially likes original and articulate ...