Jurnal Geografi
Vol 10, No 2 (2018): JURNAL GEOGRAFI

Kajian Ekosistem Hutan Mangrove di Muara Sungai Batang Manggung Kecamatan Pariaman Utara Kota Pariaman Provinsi Sumatera Barat

Novelisa Suryani (Program Studi Geografi, Universitas Tamansiswa Padang)



Article Info

Publish Date
27 Aug 2018

Abstract

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk : (i) mengkaji karakteristik vegetasi dan  kerusakan ekosistem hutan mangrove, dan (ii) mengkaji kondisi fisik-kimia ekosistem hutan mangrove. Metode perolehan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data karakteristik vegetasi diperoleh melalui metode transek dan petak contoh. Data ini dijadikan acuan dalam menentukan tingkat kerusakan ekosistem mangrove. Kondisi fisik-kimia diperoleh melalui pengukuran lapangan dan analisis laboratorium.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan INP paling tinggi untuk tingkat pohon terdapat pada  Xylocarpus rumphii (133,8%), yang dijumpai di Stasiun I. Spesies yang umumnya mendominasi pada tingkat pancang yaitu Sonneratia caseolaris, dengan INP 46,19% pada Stasiun III, sedangkan mayoritas spesies pada tingkat semai dan tumbuhan bawah yaitu Rhizophora mucronata, dengan INP 66,32% pada Stasiun II. Ekosistem mangrove untuk tingkat pohon termasuk dalam kategori rusak, dengan penutupan < 50% dan kerapatan < 1000 pohon/ha. Sementara, pada tingkat pancang, semai dan tumbuhan bawah, termasuk dalam kategori baik dengan kerapatan individu >1500 pohon/ha. Kondisi pH perairan dan suhu udara kurang mendukung untuk perkembangan dan pertumbuhan vegetasi mangrove, sedangkan parameter lain memiliki kondisi yang sudah sesuai.Kata kunci: ekosistem mangrove, fisik-kimia, INP, karakteristik vegetasiThis study aims to : (i) examined vegetation characteristic and the damage degree of mangrove ecosystems, (ii) examined the physical-chemical condition of mangrove ecosystems, and (iii) analyse the used of mangrove for environment and communities. This research is conducted in the surroundings mouth of Batang Manggung River, Pariaman Utara Subdistrict, Pariaman City. The sampling technique is purposive sampling. Vegetation characteristic data obtained trough line transect and plot sampling. This data is used to be reference in determine the damage degree of mangrove ecosystems. Physical-chemical data obtained trough field measured and laboratorium analysis. The results show that the value of INP at highest rate for tree level was Xylocarpus rumphii (133,8%) at Stasiun I. The most dominated species for sapling is Sonneratia caseolaris, which 46,19% of INP at Stasiun III. The seedling and herbs dominate with  Rhizhophora mucronata, which 66,32% of INP at Stasiun II. The tree level include in damage category, which < 50% covered area and the density <1000 tree/ha. For sapling, seedling and herbs include in good category, which density was >1500 tree/ha. The water pH and air temperature had less support in extent and growth of mangrove, while the other parameter had suitable. Keywords: mangrove ecosystems, physical-chemical, vegetation charactersitic, IVI

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Journal Info

Abbrev

geo

Publisher

Subject

Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Environmental Science Social Sciences Other

Description

Jurnal Geografi is published as a scientific communication media in the field of Geography Education in particular and Geography in general, as well as other related fields, for faculty members, alumni of Geography Education both from the Faculty of Social Sciences of State University of Medan and ...