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Universa Medicina
Published by Universitas Trisakti
ISSN : 19073062     EISSN : 24072230     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Universa Medicina (univ.med) is a four-monthly medical journal that publishes new research findings on a wide variety of topics of importance to biomedical science and clinical practice. Universa Medicina Online contains both the current issue and an online archive that can be accessed through browsing, advanced searching, or collections by disease or topic
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 500 Documents
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Random blood glucose level as predictor of cognitive impairment in elderly Amnur R. Kayo; Acitta Raras Wimala; Natalya Angela; Izzura binti Abdul Rashid
Universa Medicina Vol. 31 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2012.v31.131-138

Abstract

Background     Nutritional deficits have been linked to poor cognitive function and are highly prevalent in the elderly. Several factors associated with cognitive function have been studied, but the results were inconclusive. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between blood glucose level and cognitive impairment in the elderly. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted and a total of 109 elderly were included in the study. Research subjects were selected using consecutive non-random sampling from the Tebet sub-district in South Jakarta. Random blood glucose level was assessed using glucose strips (Nesco). Cognitive function was measured with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in Elderly (IQCODE) questionnaire. The relationship between blood glucose levels and cognitive function was analyzed by means of multiple linear regression analysis. ResultsThe mean age of the elderly was 67.95 ± 6.42 years, length of formal education was 10.12 ± 5.88 years, and mean random blood glucose level was 137.41 ± 70.25 mg/dL. Multiple regression analysis showed that length of formal education (â= 0.769; p=0.000) and random blood glucose levels (â=0.016; p=0.014) were significantly associated with cognitive function. Conclusion Cognitive function is negatively affected by high blood glucose, thus random blood glucose level can be used to predict cognitive impairment.
Zinc deficiency as risk factor for stunting among children aged 2-5 years Bening, Salsa; Margawati, Ani; Rosidi, Ali
Universa Medicina Vol 36, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2017.v36.11-18

Abstract

BackgroundStunting is a nutritional problem in the form of linear growth disturbance caused by low intake of macro- and micronutrients. The prevalence of stunting in children aged 2-5 years in Semarang is higher in well-to-do families (67.2%) than in poor families (32.8%). The purpose of this study was to analyze the role of low adequacy levels of vitamin C, iron, zinc and low food expenditure as risk factors of stunting among children aged 2-5 years. MethodsThis was a case-control study with a sample of 71 cases (stunting) and 71 controls (no stunting). The collected variables were adequacy levels of vitamin C, iron, zinc and level of food expenditure. Nutrient intake data were obtained with the semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), while data on food expenditure were obtained through a food expenditure questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using simple and multivariate logistic regression method. ResultsThe results of the simple logistic regression showed that low levels of vitamin C ( OR=2.97; 95% CI=1.41 – 6.31), iron (OR=2.87; 95% CI=1.44 – 5.71) and zinc (OR=9.24; 95% CI=2.02 – 42.12) were risk factors of stunting. Multivariate analysis showed that the risk factor that most affected stunting was a low level of zinc (OR=6.39; 95% CI=1.34 – 30.33). A low level of food expenditure was not proven to influence the incidence of stunting. ConclusionsA low level of zinc was the risk factor that most affects stunting in children aged 2-5 years. Preventive strategies to prevent stunting and promote healthy eating is recommended.
Fathers help to improve breastfeeding practice : can Indonesian fathers provide the same help ? Februhartanty, Judhiastuty; Muslimatun, Siti; Septiari, Mariyasari
Universa Medicina Vol 26, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2007.v26.90-100

Abstract

The objectives of this paper are i) to explore factors influencing practices of timely breastfeeding initiation and exclusive breastfeeding with special attention on factors related to the roles of father; and ii) to elaborate possible factors influencing father’s roles in breastfeeding based on literatures from the developed world. Studies conclude that father’s roles in supporting breastfeeding include participation in decision on infant feeding mode, involvement in child care taking and household tasks, as well as being the protector and the family provider. They also explore that the quality of couple relationship, parental knowledge and attitudes, characteristics of parental function, and the burden on the family economy are barriers which discourage fathers from being supportive towards breastfeeding. Indonesian fathers may influence breastfeeding in the same way and also experience similar barriers. However, due to different exposure to norms, beliefs, and cultures, a specific study on this matter is very relevant to be carried out in Indonesia prior to any breastfeeding promotion targeted to fathers.
Biomechanical aspects of nonspesific low back pain Harrianto, Ridwan
Universa Medicina Vol 29, No 3 (2010)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2010.v29.177-187

Abstract

Low back pain (LBP) is a common problem in adult life, since despite its benign nature it is commonly associated with incapacity, productivity loss due to sick leave, and correspondingly high costs to the individual worker. Psychosocial and lifestyle factors and work-place exposures have been implicated in the onset of symptoms. Heavy physical work, static work postures, frequent bending and twisting, lifting and postural movements, repetitive work, and whole body vibrations are occupational factors associated with LBP. The usual classification of LBP is related to the duration of the complaints (acute, subacute, and chronic). However, these terms fail to take into account several clinically important aspects of the course of LBP, which is frequently recurrent and thus neither acute nor chronic. More realistically, LBP should be classified as specific and nonspecific. Approximately 90% of LBP cases have no identifiable cause and is designated nonspecific LBP. However, despite its high prevalence, the etiology and nature of nonspecific LBP are not yet well understood. Its pathophysiology remains complex and multifaceted. Multiple anatomic structures and elements of the lumbar spine (e.g. bones, ligaments, tendons, discs, and muscles) are all suspected of playing a role. Many of these components of the lumbar spine have sensory innervations that can generate nociceptive signals in response to tissue-damaging stimuli. Other causes could be neuropathic (e.g. sciatica). Some cases of LBP most likely involve mixed nociceptive and neuropathic etiologies.
Extract of mangosteen increases high density lipoprotein levels in rats fed high lipid Dwi Laksono Adiputro; M. Aris Widodo; Rochmad Romdoni; Djanggan Sargowo
Universa Medicina Vol. 32 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2013.v32.37 - 43

Abstract

BACKGROUND In cardiovascular medicine, Garcinia mangostana has been used as an antioxidant to inhibit oxidation of low density lipoproteins and as an antiobesity agent. The effect of Garcinia mangostana on hyperlipidemia is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an ethanolic extract of Garcinia mangostana pericarp on lipid profile in rats fed a high lipid diet. METHODS A total of 40 rats were divided into five groups control, high lipid diet, and high lipid diet + ethanolic extract of Garcinia mangostana pericarp at dosages of 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg body weight. The control group received a standard diet for 60 days. The high lipid diet group received standard diet plus egg yolk, goat fat, cholic acid, and pig fat for 60 days with or without ethanolic extract of Garcinia mangostana pericarp by the oral route. After 60 days, rats were anesthesized with ether for collection of blood by cardiac puncture. Analysis of blood lipid profile comprised colorimetric determination of cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein (LDL), and high density lipoprotein (HDL). RESULTS From the results of one-way ANOVA it was concluded that there were significant between-group differences in cholesterol, trygliceride, LDL, and HDL levels (p=0.000). Ethanolic extract of Garcinia mangostana pericarp significantly decreased cholesterol, trygliceride, and LDL levels, starting at 400 mg/kg body weight (p=0.000). Ethanolic extract of Garcinia mangostana pericarp significantly increased HDL level starting at 200 mg/kg body weight (p=0.000). CONCLUSION Ethanolic extract of Garcinia mangostana pericarp has a beneficial effect on lipid profile in rats on a high lipid diet.
Renal cortex echogenicity increases degree of retinopathy in diabetes mellitus Indah Maulidawati; Abdurrahim Rasyid Lubis; Dharma Lindarto
Universa Medicina Vol. 35 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2016.v35.19-25

Abstract

BackgroundThe number of people with diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing due to population growth, aging, and increasing prevalence of obesity. Diabetic retinopathy and diabetic nephropathy are two main complications of DM. Some studies suggest a correlation between diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy. However, other studies found that renal cortex echogenicity is associated with chronicity of kidney disease and renal histopathology. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a correlation between renal cortex echogenicity as determined by renal ultrasonography and degree of retinopathy as determined by funduscopy in subjects with DM.MethodsA cross sectional study was conducted on 41 DM subjects from September to November 2014. Data obtained by anamnesis, physical examination, and examination of ureum, creatinine, urinalysis, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), renal and urinary tract ultrasonography and funduscopy, were collected from all subjects. Blood samples were taken from the median cubital vein for biochemical measurements using COBAS automated analyzers. Normality of data distribution was tested using the Shapiro-Wilk test. To determine the relationship between variables the Spearman correlation test was used. ResultsUsing the Spearman correlation test, a strongly significant correlation was found between degree of renal cortex echogenicity and degree of retinopathy (r=0.773; p=0.0001). A significant relationship was also found for the degree of retinopathy with age (r=0.317; p=0.044), duration of diabetes mellitus (r=0.639; p=0.0001) and HbA1c (r=0.681; p=0.001).ConclusionThis study found that renal cortex echogenicity increased the degree of diabetic retinopathy in diabetic subjects. Renal ultrasonography for patients with type 2 DM has a great role in diagnosing and grading diabetic retinopathy.
Effect of clean intermittent self-catheterization on urinary tract infection in subject with spinal cord injury Rachmawati, Maria Regina; S, Suleiman; Wirawan, Rosiana P.
Universa Medicina Vol 27, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2008.v27.12-17

Abstract

Patients with spinal cord injury are often unable to empty their bladders sufficiently. If this condition is left untreated, urinary tract infection (UTI) is unavoidable, with potentially lethal consequences. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of clean intermittent self-catheterization (CIC) on urinary tract infection in subject with spinal cord injury. A randomized controlled design was conducted in subjects who lived at two dormitories were included in this study. They were randomized to clean intermittent self- catheterization or control group. All the subjects were followed for one months. Primary outcome measure was symptomatic urinary tract infection as diagnosed by, pyuria (leukocytes of 100,000 or more per high power field.). Twenty-six patients between 22 to 62 years with cervical spinal cord injuries and urine residue more than 50 cc were recruited. Of the 26 subjects, 18 (69.2%) developed urinary tract infection. The incidence rate of UTI in the CIC group was 5/13 (38.5%); significantly lower than the control group 11/13 (84.6%) (p=0.016). Clean intermittent self catheterization in patient with spinal cord injury decreased the risk of developing urinary tract infection.
Serum osteocalcin and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women Susanto, Lie T. Merijanti
Universa Medicina Vol 30, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2011.v30.155-161

Abstract

Since high bone turnover is associated with decreased bone mass, biochemical markers of bone remodeling, such as serum osteocalcin, may be used to assess osteoporosis and to predict fractures in elderly women, particulary those involving trabecular bone, and use of a combination of bone mineral density (BMD) and biochemical markers may improve fracture prediction. The serum levels of osteocalcin constitute a specific biochemical parameter of bone formation. Compared to imaging techniques, assays for osteocalcin are safe, noninvasive and easily performed. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of serum osteocalcin and BMD in postmenopausal women. A cross sectional study was performed on 53 postmenopausal women in South Jakarta from February to April 2010. The subjects were assessed for anthropometric characteristics, serum osteocalcin levels and BMD. BMD was measured at the lumbar spine, right femoral neck and at the left distal radius by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Mean serum osteocalcin was 28.99 ± 10.02 ng/ml. The Pearson correlation test on all subjects indicated a significant inverse correlation between serum osteocalcin and femoral neck BMD (r = - 0.29; p=0.034). By arranging the data into tertiles, a significant association was found in non-obese subjects between mean femoral neck BMD and serum osteocalcin (p=0.036). The Tukey posthoc multiple comparison test showed a significant mean difference in femoral neck BMD between the lowest and the highest tertiles of osteocalcin serum concentrations (p=0.028). Maintenance of body weight is important for maintaining BMD in postmenopausal women.
Mangosteen peel extract reduces formalin-induced liver cell death in rats Afiana Rohmani; Sarjadi Sarjadi; Winarto Winarto; Kisdjamiatun Kisdjamiatun
Universa Medicina Vol. 33 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2014.v33.109-117

Abstract

BACKGROUNDFormalin is a xenobiotic that is now commonly used as a preservative in the food industry. The liver is an organ that has the highest metabolic capacity as compared to other organs. Mangosteen or Garcinia mangostana Linn (GML) peel contains xanthones, which are a source of natural antioxidants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of mangosteen peel extract on formalin- induced liver cell mortality rate and p53 protein expression in Wistar rats.METHODSEighteen rats received formalin orally for 2 weeks, and were subsequently divided into 3 groups, consisting of the formalin-control group receiving a placebo and treatment groups 1 and 2, which were treated with mangosteen peel extract at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kgBW/day, respectively. The treatment was carried out for 1 week, and finally the rats were terminated. The differences in liver cell mortality rate and p53 protein expression were analyzed.RESULTSOne-way ANOVA analysis showed significant differences in liver cell mortality rate among the three groups (p=0.004). The liver cell mortality rate in the treatment group receiving 400 mg/kgBW/day extract was lower than that in the formalin- control group. There was no p53 expression in all groups.CONCLUSIONSGarcinia mangostana Linn peel extract reduced the mortality rate of liver cells in rats receiving oral formalin. Involvement of p53 expression in liver cell mortality in rats exposed to oral formalin is presumably negligible.
Psychosocial aspect determines quality of life in postmenopausal women Wratsangka, Raditya
Universa Medicina Vol 29, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2010.v29.34-45

Abstract

The postmenopausal period plays an important role in women’s life and gives rise to many physical and mental problems. A cross-sectional was conducted to determine the quality of life and its determinants, namely pyschosocial and lifestyle factors in postmenopausal women. One hundred and seventy-six postmenopausal women meeting the inclusion criteria were recruited. The            menopause rating scale (MRS) questionnaire was used for the assessment of quality of life. One hundred and thirty-one (74.4%) subjects had complaints related to menopausal symptoms in 3 degrees of severity: mild (38.6%), moderate (30.7%) and severe (5.1%). Urogenital symptoms were the most frequent       complaints reported by the subjects (71.6%). The correlation between quality of life of   postmenopausal women and several psychosocial and lifestyle factors, namely marital status, education, occupation, knowledge and attitude towards menopause, exercise, smoking and consumption of caffeine and alcohol was statistically not significant (p>0.05). By multiple logistic regression analysis, some of the determinants, such as the subjects’ attitude towards menopause (PR = 2.863; 95% CI: 0.578 – 14.185) and support from the husband and/or family (PR = 2.124; 95% CI: 0.979 – 4.610) did not reach statistical significance, but were still the most influencing factors on their quality of life. Quality of life is worst in postmenopausal women and therefore counseling and support from husband and/or family are needed by the postmenopausal women in order to improve their quality of life.

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