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Soil Carbon Transitions Supporting Climate Change Mitigation Kurniatun Hairiah
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 15, No 2 (2018): December
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Maintaining and where feasible restoring soil carbon stocks is part of all sustainable development strategies that have a chance of meeting the global commitment of the Paris Agreement to contain global warming within a 1.5oC limit. Active policies to incentivize increased soil carbon storage require understanding of the drivers of soil carbon decline, as well as the conditions under which soil management leads to an increase. Soil carbon transitions -- shifts from decline to increase of soil carbon stocks -- have been recorded as part of agricultural intensification. Organic inputs supporting soil carbon may primarily depend on roots, rather than aboveground inputs, and thus on the choice of crops, trees, and grasses that make up an agricultural land use system.

Studying the Solubility, Availability, and Uptake of Silicon (Si) from Some Ore Minerals in Sandy Soil Rama T. Rashad; Rashad A. Hussien
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 15, No 2 (2018): December
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

The solubility and availability of Si from the feldspar, silica, and zeolite as Si-bearing minerals were studied in a sandy soil. Silicon uptake by the soybean (Glycine max L.) plant was discussed. The minerals used were applied before planting in two separate rates; rate 1 ≈ 595.2 and rate 2 ≈ 1190.5 kg ha-1 accompanied by a ≈ 4.8 kg ha-1 constant rate of the K-humate sprayed as a solution on soil after planting in a complete randomized block design. The dissolved Si from the different minerals at rate 2 followed an opposite direction to their SiO2 percentage that may be due to the structural differences: silica (1.46 mg kg-1 - SiO2 =98.4%) < zeolite (1.71 mg kg-1 - SiO2 =75.9%) < feldspar (2.09 mg kg-1 - SiO2 = 71.9%). The individual mineral treatments at rate 2 have almost decreased the available NPK estimated after soybean harvesting. The K-humate has enhanced the effect of silica at rate 2 for the available N and P. The soybean seed yield (kg ha-1) increased significantly by 117.9% for the S1 + H, 109.2% for K-humate and 57.5% for the Z2 + H. The seeds’ Si (mg kg-1) increased significantly from 3.6% to 102.9% affected by the silica treatments.

Local Air and Soil Temperature Modeling Using Himawari 8 Satellite Imagery Adhia Azhar Fauzan; Komariah Komariah; Sumani Sumani; Dwi Priyo Ariyanto; Tuban Wiyoso
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 15, No 2 (2018): December
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Himawari 8 satellite image, which was launched in October 2014 and began the operational in July 2015, serves to identify and track the phenomenon of rapid changes in weather. The purpose of this research was to determine the model of local air and soil temperatures using Himawari 8 satellite image. Local air and soil temperatures information was collected from the Climatology Station of Semarang district, Central Java, Indonesia. Interpretation of the Himawari 8 satellite image was performed, as well as the statistical tests of correlation and regression, according to the sun's pseudo motion. Pair correlation and regression analysis on satellite image with air temperature; and air temperature with soil temperature (bare and grass). The results showed the satellite imagery of Himawari 8 could predict the air and soil temperatures, especially bare soil. In specific, the accuracies were higher on soil temperature at 0 (surface) and 5 cm depth. But each period produced vary accuracy, due to many weather elements had may affect the air and soil temperatures.

The Effects of Inorganic Fertilizer and Mineral Leucite Residues on K Uptake and Maize Yields (Zea mays L.) in Oxisols Sri Hartati; Slamet Minardi; Wiwik Hartatik; Isna Luthfa Haniati
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 15, No 2 (2018): December
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of inorganic fertilizer and leucite mineral residues on K uptake and maize yields. This research had been conducted from October 2016 to September 2017 in the experimental field of Neglasari, Dramaga, Bogor. The soil was analyzed in the Soil Chemistry and Fertility Laboratory of Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. The study was arranged in a completely randomized block design using 11 treatments with three replications. The result showed that the NPK 150 kg ha-1 residues gave a better effect on corn yields whereas there was no significant effect of employing the standard NPK with RAE value of 123%. The study found that the residual treatment of inorganic fertilizers and leucite minerals had a significant impact on maize yields but not on K uptake.

Effect of Bottom Ash and Cow Manure Compost on Chemical Properties of Soil at New-Established Rice Field Nurmegawati Nurmegawati; Iskandar Iskandar; Sudarsono Sudarsono
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 16, No 1 (2019): June
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v16i1.22366

The conversion of dryland to rice field at Sumatra Island, Indonesia was generally developed on marginal lands with Ultisols and Oxisols soil types. Those soil types contained high iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al), but low phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). That is because the changes in the process resulted from submerging the soil. For example, the decrease of redox potential, ion reduction from Fe3+ to Fe2+, and Mn4+ into Mn2+. Those compounds will be dissolved and can be absorbed by plants thus causing toxicity. The objective of the study was to assess the effects of bottom ash and cow manure compost at the various doses on soil chemical properties and rice yield on the new-established rice field. This research used factorial design with two factors in Completely Randomized Design. The factors were a dose of bottom ash and cow manure compost, with three replications. The results showed. The addition of bottom ash and cow manure compost at the dosage in this study was not able to reduce the levels of FeDTPA and MnDTPA at newly established rice fields. However, the application of cow manure compost significantly increased soil pH, exchangeable cation (K, Na, Ca), base saturation and decreased exchangeable-H. The addition of bottom ash does not affect paddy yield, while cow manure compost up to 10 tons ha-1 increased panicle and straw dry weight.

Effect Balance of Bokashi and Inorganic Fertilizer on Growth, Simplicia Yield, and Content Of Sinensetin of Kumis Kucing (Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq.) Yoviana Erdhika Adiarti; Bambang Pujiasmanto; Widyatmani Sih Dewi
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 16, No 1 (2019): June
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v16i1.25102

Growth potential, simplicia yields, and secondary metabolites of sinensetin varieties kumis kucing can be increased through fertilization management. The aim of this research was to examine the effect balance of bokashi and inorganic fertilizer on growth, simplicia yields and secondary metabolites of sinensetin kumis kucing varieties. The design of research was a split-plot field experiment, with the main plot were varieties (Orsina 1 and Orsina 2) and subplots in bokashi fertilization of goat manure (control, bokashi 15 tons ha-1, bokashi 15 tons ha-1 + 100% inorganic fertilizer dose recommendation, bokashi 15 tons ha-1 + 50% recommended dosage of inorganic fertilizer and 100% recommended inorganic fertilizer). Inorganic fertilizer recommendations consist of Urea 100 kg ha-1, SP36 200 kg ha-1, and KCl 100 kg ha-1. The results showed that the use of bokashi 15 tons ha-1 + 50% inorganic fertilizer increased growth. Besides it also produced the highest simplicia of 48.57 g plant-1 and the highest secondary metabolite of 0.045% plant-1 in Orsina 1. Both kumis kucing varieties did not show growth differences and yields. Bokashi fertilizer can reduce the use of inorganic fertilizers in the growth and simplicia yields and potentially increase sinensetin of kumis kucing.

Actual Evapotranspiration Model Based on the Irrigation Volume of the Maize Fields on Alfisols Dwi Priyo Ariyanto; Komariah Komariah; Sumani Sumani; Ilham Setiawan
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 16, No 1 (2019): June
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v16i1.25218

Evapotranspiration data are considered important to determine volume and schedule of the irrigation. The purpose of this study is to determine the actual evapotranspiration model based on the volume of the irrigation to obtain an accurate evapotranspiration value on Alfisols with maize plantation. This research is conducted in the experimental field Jumantono subdistrict, Karanganyar regency by the experiment of the maize (Zea mays) on Alfisols. The evapotranspiration model uses the soil correction factor (x) and the irrigation volume (% ETc). The soil correction factor (X) is calculated by linear regression on actual evapotranspiration (ETa) with crop evapotranspiration (ETc). ETc using reference evapotranspiration (ETo) using the Penman-Monteith model. The results showed that ETa was smaller than ETc in all treatments. The models that can be produced in this study are 3 models. All models applied to produce a determination coefficient > 90%, which all models have a positive relationship. The best actual evapotranspiration model was in total model uses ETa = {0.0403 + (0.0085 × Irrigation volume)} × ETc, for daily estimation and total one planting estimation; weekly estimation using the weekly model using ETa = {0.4428 + (0.0054 ×Irrigation volume)}× ETc. The errors of both models are ± 1%.

Abiotic Stress and Biofertilizer on The Pereskia bleo (Kunth) DC. Against Growth, Proline, and Antioxidants Intan Christin Dullah; Sulandjari Sulandjari; Supriyono Supriyono
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 16, No 1 (2019): June
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v16i1.25158

Pereskia bleo is a spiny bush from the genus Pereskia and family Cactaceae. Its leaves are shiny green, flowering, and fruitful. Some researchers to indicate that P.bleo leaves contain high antioxidants, anti-cancer, and are traditionally used for diabetic, hemorrhoids, hypertension, and gastric pain. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of salinity stress and water volume as well as the role of biofertilizer on the growth of Pereskia bleo and antioxidant content. Using Nested design (completely randomized factorial) with NaCl treatment; 0 ppm, 5 ppm, 10 ppm, and biofertilizer; 5 ppm, 10 ppm, each nested in a water volume of 500 ml, 300 ml and 150 ml per polybag. Each treatment was repeated three times, resulting in a total sample of 54 plants. Meanwhile, the findings indicate that abiotic pressure suppresses growth and proline, but not on antioxidants. There is an interaction between salinity and biofertilizer against antioxidants. Abiotic Stress can increase the antioxidant content.

A Study of Light Intensity and Fertilizer on Soybean in Albizia chinensis Agroforestry System Zulfikar Affandi; Djoko Purnomo; Supriyono Supriyono
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 16, No 1 (2019): June
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v16i1.25872

One of the efforts to solve the decreasing of agriculture land area caused by land use change is through agroforestry system (AF), such as the cultivation among the Albizia chinensis trees. This research, along with the experiment, aims at studying the light characteristic of 1.5 years oldAlbizia c and the effect of fertilization on the growth of soybean and testing the soybean yield of Dega 1 varieties in agroforestry system based on Albizia c. Using the split-plot Randomized Block Design (RBD) as the experiment, the intensity of light was employed as the main plot whereas the fertilizer was used as the subplot in this study. There were four levels of light intensity: land with high light intensity (lands outside AF), rather high light intensity (radiation transmission fraction (RTF) among Albizia c 1425 ha-1 density), medium-high light intensity (RTF among 2850 Albizia c density with pruned canopy), rather low light intensity (RTF among 2850 Albizia c density with unpruned canopy). As the subplot were some various fertilizers such as Albizia c litter, Albizia c litter + phosphorus (P) + potassium (K), and without any fertilization. Totally 12 treatments were obtained and each of those treatments was replicated three times, consequently consisting of 36 experiment units. The result of this research shows that Albizia c was exceedingly potential for the soybean cultivation with AF system. The passing light under the canopy (RTF) depended on the distance between each tree and could be improved by pruning the canopy. The increasing RTF increased vegetative and generative growth. The highest soybean production (3.3 tons ha-1) could be achieved in 2850 trees ha-1 density with pruned canopy (RTF: 49% equals to 28440 lux) compared with biomass production in open land (3.9 tons ha-1).

Utilization of Soil Function Information for Assessing Soil Quality of Rice Field in the Quaternary-Tertiary Volcanic Transitional Zones in Central Java Ajun Prayitno; Junun Sartohadi; Makruf Nurudin
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 16, No 2 (2019): December
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Soil quality information of the rice field in the Quaternary-Tertiary volcanic transitional zone has not been specifically reported. Research on the assessment of soil quality widely reported only focuses on the discussion of quantitative-qualitative techniques and the use of minimum data sets without paying serious attention to the soil functions. This study aimed to assess soil quality through qualitative and quantitative methods based on the soil function information approach. The study was conducted in the quaternary-tertiary volcanic transitional zone with special cases of thick soil, high clay content, low nutrient content, high erosion, and vulnerability to landslide, which affects soil quality and farmer cultivation practice. The qualitative soil quality approach was based on the local knowledge of the farmers. The quantitative soil quality indexing was performed with the Soil Management Assessment Framework (SMAF) method to obtain sensitive indicators. The results found that the characteristics of paddy soil had high clay content and thick topsoil layers. The paddy soil is commonly called as ngrawa/mbel soil. The minimum qualitative data sets included color, plant condition, texture, ease of tillage, and drainage. Meanwhile, the minimum quantitative data sets included Na-dd, Mg-dd, texture, bulk density, porosity, and permeability. Information on soil functions obtained included the availability of nutrients, rooting media, root penetration, water storage capacity, and soil permeability. The soil function information approach can be used to assess soil quality in the quaternary-tertiary volcanic transitional zone.

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Contact Name
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Contact Email
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Journal Mail Official
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Location
Kota surakarta,

Jawa tengah

INDONESIA