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Civil Engineering Dimension

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Published by Universitas Kristen Petra Surabaya

ISSN : 14109530 EISSN : 1979570X DOI : -

Core Subject : Engineering,

Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture

The Civil Engineering Dimension (Dimensi Teknik Sipil) is a refereed journal, published twice a year, in March and September.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 8 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol. 16 No. 2 (2014): SEPTEMBER 2014" : 8 Documents clear

An Original Testing Apparatus for Rapid Pull-Out Test Aprialdi, D.; Lambert, S.; Jenck, O.; , Erizal; Widyarti, M.
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 16 No. 2 (2014): SEPTEMBER 2014
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Pull-out test is commonly used to investigate the pull-out behavior of geotextile reinforcement embedded in soil. It is also used by different authors to propose interface friction angles values. Unfortunately these works mainly deal with cyclic loadings with reference to seismic action, which are believed to be different to the load exposed to reinforced earthworks due to lateral impacts. Therefore an original rapid pull-out test apparatus is proposed in this study. This article assess the proposed test method in addressing the rapid pull-out response of a geotextile embedded in soil. The testing apparatus allows investigating shear velocities within the range of 0.1 to 1.2 m/s. This test method seems promising in addressing the response of soil-geotextile interfaces under dynamic loadings. Nevertheless, improvements concerning the testing apparatus are still required. The loading system could be modified to avoid oscillations and specific equipment should be added to increase the normal stress.

Evaluation of Crack Initiation Points of Load-Carrying Cruciform Welded Joints Based on Effective Notch Stress Approach Kinoshita, K.; Arakawa, S.
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 16 No. 2 (2014): SEPTEMBER 2014
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

For fatigue assessment, recently effective notch stress (ENS) approach is accepted as a valid alternative to fracture mechanics approaches in Japan. However, at least one study showed that the fatigue assessment at weld root of load-carrying cruciform welded joints based on ENS approach does not capture the influence of plate thickness, weld size and weld penetration. Consequently, there are still uncertainties about the fatigue assessment. This paper discusses the evaluation method of the joints based on ENS approach. Effects of weld size, weld penetration, and plate thickness on ENS are determined by using fine-meshed FEM analyses. Validity of this method is determined by comparing the evaluation results with fracture mechanics approach. It is shown that results from this method are comparable to those of the previous study and the results seem to be conservative when ratio of weld penetration to plate thickness becomes smaller and plate thickness becomes larger.

Correlations between Damage Indices and Seismic Parameters for Near-Field Earthquake Records Soleymani, A.; Safi, M.
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 16 No. 2 (2014): SEPTEMBER 2014
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Damage assessments of concrete structures are essential to determine their seismic performances under earthquake events. In this paper, six three bays two dimensional concrete frames, five to ten story high, were analyzed under 30 near-field earthquake records by nonlinear dynamic analyses. The seismic performances were evaluated using two important overall damage indices which are: the modified Park-Ang index and the maximum softening damage index. The correlations between several seismic parameters and the two damage indices of the six concrete frames were determined using Spearman correlation coefficient. In the end, the values of correlations between seismic parameters and these two damage indices were compared and discussed. Subsequently, seismic parameters that have the strongest and the fairest correlation were presented. The numerical results of correlations have shown that Velocity Spectrum Intensity (VSI) has a strong interdependency with two overall structural damage indices (the modified Park-Ang model and the maximum softening damage) for all of the reinforced concrete frames.

Numerical Prediction of Differences in Micromechanical Fracture Sequence in Notched and Un-Notched Wires for Civil Engineering Applications Adewole, K.K.; Bull, S.J.
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 16 No. 2 (2014): SEPTEMBER 2014
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

The need to employ simulation-based investigations of fracture of civil engineering structures has been emphasised recently in literature. In this paper, three dimensional finite element simulations revealed that the cup and cone fracture process in channel-shaped notched wire for civil engineering applications begins with a slant fracture at the root of the outer edge of the channel-shaped notch and follows a slant to flat fracture sequence. These results demonstrate that the fracture origin in cup and cone fracture in notched wires for civil engineering applications does not necessarily begin with a flat fracture at the center of the wire and does not necessarily follows the flat to slant fracture sequence or propagation generally reported in literature. These results further demonstrate the need to employ simulation-based methodologies in conjunction with or as an alternative to purely experimental fractographic analysis for an accurate failure analysis of wires used for civil engineering applications.

Empirical Evaluation of Construction Material Waste Generated on Sites in Nigeria Adewuyi, T.O.; Idoro, G.I.; Ikpo, I.J.
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 16 No. 2 (2014): SEPTEMBER 2014
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

The study investigates the level of construction material waste generated on building sites in South-South, Nigeria. The objective is to empirically establish the level of waste generated on building sites and compare such with the allowable value in estimates. Data were collected from 30 on-going public building projects for six months. The level of material waste was calculated in percentages while one way ANOVA was employed to compare the waste values among the States in the zone. The significant difference between actual and allowable values of waste was tested using paired t-test. The level of material waste was found to be 11.69, 12.10, 10.45, 14.54, and 12.07 for concrete blocks, steel reinforcement, timber, and tiles respectively. It was concluded that these values are significantly different, with p-values < 0.05, from the allowable waste. The study recommends that the values of waste derived by this study be adopted in estimates

An Evaluation of Industrial Facilities Defects in Selected Industrial Estates in Lagos State, Nigeria Oseghale, G.E.; Ikpo, I.J.
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 16 No. 2 (2014): SEPTEMBER 2014
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

The study appraised the state of industrial facilities in selected industrial estates established between 1957 and 1981 in Lagos State by examining the nature and causes of facilities’ defects in the selected industrial estates. The buildings sampled were load bearing sandcrete block wall (1%), concrete framed structure (83%) and steel framed structure (16%). Data were sourced using structured questionnaire administered on the staff of maintenance department of 35 building materials and plastic manufacturing industries purposively selected and located in 18 industrial estates. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistic. The study found the structural elements of the buildings, i.e. foundations, beams, walls, and floors satisfactory. Using the mean response analysis, the result showed that the most severe factors responsible for industrial facilities’ defects were combined effects of geo-climatic factors (2.35), combined effects of biological agencies (2.15), corrosion (1.98), and physical aggression on the facilities (1.71).

Extreme Rainfall Indices for Tropical Monsoon Countries in Southeast Asia Kusumastuti, C.; Weesakul, S.
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 16 No. 2 (2014): SEPTEMBER 2014
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Southeast Asian countries have the possibility to have rainfall and number of extreme rainfall event change due to future climate variation. This paper proposed three extreme rainfall indices as a modification of climate extremes indices from CLIMDEX Project by researchers at the Climate Change Research Centre (CCRC), the University of New South Wales (UNSW). The proposed indices aim to be used as a parameter for observing extreme rainfall events in tropical monsoon countries. Eleven extreme precipitation indices from CLIMDEX Project and the three proposed extreme precipitation for tropical monsoon countries are systematically analyzed based on data of daily rainfall from meteorological stations in Bangkok and Jakarta. Mann-Kendall test was used to observe the trend of extreme rainfall. In general, the analysis of a total of 14 extreme indices show both Bangkok and Jakarta received more rainfall during rainy season and less rainfall during dry season. Specifically, a significant increasing trend of extreme rainfall indices (R60 and R80) was revealed using the proposed indices.

Integration of Theory of Planned Behavior and Norm Activation Model on Student Behavior Model Using Cars for Traveling to Campus Setiawan, R.; Santosa, W.; Sjafruddin, A.
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 16 No. 2 (2014): SEPTEMBER 2014
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Although there are clear environmental, economic, and social drawbacks in using private vehicles, students still choose cars to get to campus. This study reports an investigation of psychological factors influencing this behavior from the perspective of the Theory of Planned Behavior and Norm Activation Model. Students from three different university campuses in Surabaya, Indonesia, (n = 312) completed a survey on their car commuting behavior. Results indicated that perceived behavioral control and personal norm were the strongest factors that influence behavioral intention. Attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and personal norm explain 62.7% variance of the behavioral intention. In turn, behavioral intention explains 42.5% of the variance of the actual car use. Implications of these findings are that in order to alter the use of car, university should implement both structural and psychological interventions. Effective interventions should be designed to raise the awareness of negative aspects of car use.

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