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Civil Engineering Dimension

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Published by Universitas Kristen Petra Surabaya

ISSN : 14109530 EISSN : 1979570X DOI : -

Core Subject : Engineering,

Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture

The Civil Engineering Dimension (Dimensi Teknik Sipil) is a refereed journal, published twice a year, in March and September.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 422 Documents

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Influence of Curing Age and Mix Composition on Compressive Strength of Volcanic Ash Blended Cement Laterized Concrete Olawuyi, B.J.; Olusola, K.O.; Babafemi, A.J.
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 14 No. 2 (2012): SEPTEMBER 2012
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

This study investigates the influence of curing age and mix proportions on the compressive strength of volcanic ash (VA) blended cement laterized concrete. A total of 288 cubes of 100mm dimensions were cast and cured in water for 3, 7, 28, 56, 90 and 120 days of hydration with cement replacement by VA and sand replacement by laterite both ranging from 0 to 30% respectively while a control mix of 28-day target strength of 25N/mm2 (using British Method) was adopted. The results show that the compressive strength of the VA-blended cement laterized concrete increased with the increase in curing age but decreased as the VA and laterite (LAT) contents increased. The optimum replacement level was 20%LAT/20%VA. At this level the compressive strength increased with curing age at a decreasing rate beyond 28 days. The target compressive strength of 25N/mm2 was achieved for this mixture at 90 days of curing. VA content and curing age was noted to have significant effect (α ≤ 0.5) on the compressive strength of the VA-blended cement laterized concrete.

DILATANCY BEHAVIOR IN CONSTANT STRAIN RATE CONSOLIDATION TEST Berty Sompie; Katsuhiko Arai; Akira Kita
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 8 No. 2 (2006): SEPTEMBER 2006
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Subjected to remolded young clay, this paper shows that a lot of time dependent behavior in the standard consolidation (SC) and constant strain rate consolidation (CSRC) tests is represented systematically by a simple assumption concerning the time dependency of dilatancy. In the SC test, at the first stage of each loading step little dilatancy takes place and dilatancy begins to occur several minutes after step loading. In CSRC test, some time period after the stress state has entered the normally consolidated region, dilatancy tends to occur rapidly with the increase in stress ratio. Since most of dilatancy has taken place at the earlier stage of consolidation, little dilatancy occurs at the latter stage of CSRC process. This tendency makes the specimen stiffer with the passage of time, and makes the vertical pressure and pore pressure increase substantially at the last stage of CSRC process. Consideration to such behavior may be effective to correctly interpret the result of CSRC test.

PENGGUNAAN METODE ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS DALAM MENGANALISA FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PEMILIHAN MODA KE KAMPUS Kardi Teknomo
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 1 No. 1 (1999): MARCH 1999
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Limitation of parking spaces in Petra Christian University need to be solved by deterring private cars usage. However, the factors that affect students to choose their mode to campus are unknown. Determination of factors that influence mode choices may support alternatives and policy that could be proposed. Analytic Hierarchy Process was used to analyze the factors. Trips characteristics data of the students was collected by questionnaires interview. The results of the analysis show that the main factors that influence student to choose their mode to campus is security (49,3%) and time (27,3%). Walking from student dormitory was the best alternative (33.2%), while carpool (16%) is slightly lower than private cars usage (18%). Vanpool (12.4%) is lower than carpool. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Lahan parkir di Universitas Kristen Petra yang terbatas, memerlukan solusi alternatif yang mengalihkan penggunaan kendaraan pribadi. Permasalahannya, faktor-faktor apa yang menyebabkan mahasiswa memilih menggunakan mobil pribadi daripada alternatif moda yang lain belum diketahui. Dengan menentukan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pemilihan moda, serta besar pengaruhnya, berbagai alternatif dan kebijakan untuk menurunkan kebutuhan akan lahan parkir, dapat diusulkan dengan lebih efektif. Metoda Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) dapat dipergunakan untuk menentukan faktor-faktor pemilihan moda. Data karakteristik perjalanan dilakukan dengan wawancara berkuisioner kepada mahasiswa Universitas Kristen Petra yang mempunyai kemungkinan untuk melakukan pilihan terhadap alternatif-alternatif moda yang ada. Hasil analisa menunjukkan bahwa faktor utama yang mempengaruhi pemilihan moda untuk berangkat kuliah adalah faktor keamanan (49,3%) dan faktor waktu (27,3%). Ditinjau dari berbagai faktor, alternatif jalan kaki dari pondokan merupakan alternatif yang terbaik (33,2%), sedangkan carpool (16%), sedikit lebih rendah daripada penggunaan mobil pribadi (18%). Angkutan kampus (antar jemput) justru lebih rendah daripada carpool (12.4%). Kata kunci : Analytic Hierarchy Process, parkir, faktor pemilihan moda.

Corrosion of Steel Reinforcements in Fly Ash- and Kaolin-based Geopolymer Concrete Immersed in Distilled Water and ASTM Seawater Astutiningsih, S.; Rustandi, A.; Noermalasari, D.
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 15 No. 2 (2013): SEPTEMBER 2013
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Corrosion behavior of steel bar in fly ash- and kaolin-based geopolymer concrete immersed in aggressive media of distilled water and ASTM seawater was compared to Portland cement concrete having similar mix design. An accelerated corrosion by applying 3 V potential on the steel bar was performed to obtain reasonable test results in a relatively short time. The potential and pH of the immersing media were measured from day 1 to day 10 and then plotted on Pourbaix diagram to predict passivation or corrosion state. At day 10, steel bar in Portland cement concrete were in corroded state both in distilled water and seawater. The best corrosion performance was for kaolin- based geopolymer concrete in which at day-10 the steel bar was passivated in both media. Steel bar in fly ash- based geopolymer concrete was passivated in distilled water but corroded in seawater.

EVALUATING AND IMPROVING THE PERFORMANCE OF COLD ASPHALT EMULSION MIXES I Nyoman Arya Thanaya
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 9 No. 2 (2007): SEPTEMBER 2007
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

This paper describes investigation on the performances of cold asphalt emulsion mixes (CAEMs). The type of emulsion used was a cationic asphalt emulsion. The investigation was carried out at Leeds University, United Kingdom (UK). The objective of the experiments was to evaluate and to improve the performances of cold mixes and compared with hot mixes. For optimising the performances of the cold mixes, a target porosity of five to ten percent and indirect tensile stiffness modulus (ITSM) value of 2000 MPa was selected, suitable for low to medium trafficked roads. A simplified mix design procedure was used for producing the cold mixes. It was found that when properly designed, at full curing conditions, the stiffness (ITSM) of CAEMs were found to be very comparable to those of hot mixes. Test results also show that the addition of cement in the amount of one to two percent by mass of aggregates significantly improved the mechanical performance of cold asphalt mixes.

ALTERNATE PRICING STRATEGIES IN CONSTRUCTION Krishna Mochtar; David Arditi
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 2 No. 1 (2000): MARCH 2000
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Recent research findings on pricing strategies both in general and in construction are reviewed and explored. First%2C pricing strategy in general%2C mostly in the manufacturing industry%2C is reviewed. It includes the concepts of pricing strategy%2C predatory pricing%2C price wars%2C and price policy development. Second%2C pricing strategy in construction is explored. It includes various pricing models for bid price determination%2C such as the Friedman-Gates models%2C expected utility models%2C risk-pricing model%2C and the crew-day%2C multiple regression%2C and fuzzy-set pricing models. In conclusion%2C pricing strategies in construction are still predominantly based on a cost-based approach. More recent models try to close the gap between the models and the real life conditions of a bidder%5C%27s decision-making process. It appears that there are more problems in cost-based pricing as opposed to market-based pricing. Consequently%2C it is highly recommended that%2C alternative pricing approach such as that are closer to the proposed market-based pricing model need to be explored and developed for use in the construction industry. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Pricing+strategy%2C+cost-based+pricing%2C+market-based+pricing.

Correlations between Damage Indices and Seismic Parameters for Near-Field Earthquake Records Soleymani, A.; Safi, M.
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 16 No. 2 (2014): SEPTEMBER 2014
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Damage assessments of concrete structures are essential to determine their seismic performances under earthquake events. In this paper, six three bays two dimensional concrete frames, five to ten story high, were analyzed under 30 near-field earthquake records by nonlinear dynamic analyses. The seismic performances were evaluated using two important overall damage indices which are: the modified Park-Ang index and the maximum softening damage index. The correlations between several seismic parameters and the two damage indices of the six concrete frames were determined using Spearman correlation coefficient. In the end, the values of correlations between seismic parameters and these two damage indices were compared and discussed. Subsequently, seismic parameters that have the strongest and the fairest correlation were presented. The numerical results of correlations have shown that Velocity Spectrum Intensity (VSI) has a strong interdependency with two overall structural damage indices (the modified Park-Ang model and the maximum softening damage) for all of the reinforced concrete frames.

Recycling Billet Scales as Fine Aggregate in Concrete Production Akindahunsi A. A.; Ojo O
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 10 No. 2 (2008): SEPTEMBER 2008
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Billet scales are by-products from steel rolling mills in Nigeria that presently constitute environmental pollution. This paper reports studies carried out using these solid wastes as a partial replacement for sand in the production of concrete. Various percentages of billet scales were used in a concrete mixture of 1: 2: 4 by weight to cast concrete specimens. The compressive and tensile strengths developed were tested after 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of curing. The result of the compressive and splitting tensile strengths tests indicated that concrete strength increased with curing age. The compressive strength of 0%, and 15% replacement of sand with billet scales as obtained at 28 days are 26.0N/mm2, 26.2N/mm2. 15% optimal replacement of sand with billet scales had similar results as the control mixture of 0%, which could be used in reinforced concrete structures. Other replacements could be useful as mass concrete for non-structural construction applications.

The Influence of Seismic Parameters on Site Response Adel Asakereh; Hasan Jamali; E. Naderi
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 17 No. 2 (2015): SEPTEMBER 2015
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Geotechnical earthquake engineers have been trying to determine the most appropriate solution techniques for ground response analysis under earthquake loadings. This paper presents the importance of the adequate soil behavior model to simulate earthquake site response analysis. The influence of nonlinearity and linearity of soils on the site response is also investigated. Many methods have been proposed for the analysis of one-dimensional ground response such as nonlinear methods and equivalent linear with reduced modulus. Using 13 well known earthquake records and geotechnical information of sand in the Qeshm Island (Iran) and classification of earthquakes based on seismic parameters, the influence of each parameter on the Response spectra and Fourier Spectrum of surface of ground becomes evident. Analysis was done using two softwares; EERA (equivalent linear analysis) and NERA (nonlinear analysis) and compared. Finally, output of the software is compared with the reference result on site.

A CONCEPTUAL TOOL FOR ASSESSING CLIENT PERFORMANCE IN THE CONSTRUCTION PROJECT COALITION Robby Soetanto; David G. Proverbs; Gary D. Holt
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 4 No. 2 (2002): SEPTEMBER 2002
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Due to the significant impact of client performance on overall project performance and the interdependence of participant%5C%27s performance in the construction project coalition %28i.e. clients%2C designers and constructors%29%2C there is a need to establish client performance measures. Based on data collected from in-depth interviews with nineteen UK architects and nine UK contractors%2C a generic tool for the on-going formal assessment of client performance is presented. It was found that this approach to performance assessment %28i.e. from the view point of other%2C non-client coalition participants%29 should lead to improved project relationships. Data analysis showed that in addition to %5C%27harder%5C%27 measures such as understanding of project requirements and finance%2C other%2C %5C%27softer%5C%27 measures of client performance %28e.g. attitude%29 were worthy of consideration since they determine the quality of participant relationships. It is recommended that the tool be used to promote more effective client performance and thus enhance coalition relationships%2C enabling continuous improvement. The ultimate aim is to develop similar tools for the assessment of all coalition participants based on a culture of openness and trust. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : assessment+tool%2C+coalition+participants%2C+client+performance%2C+perceptions%2C+performance+measures%2C+satisfaction.

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