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International Journal of Science and Engineering (IJSE)
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
The scope of journal covers all area in the application on chemical, physical, mathematical, biological, agricultural, corrossion, and computer science to solve the engineering problems.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 225 Documents
The Effect of King Grass Silage on the Nitrogen Balance and Hematological Profile of Ettawa Grade Male Goat S. Sunarso
International Journal of Science and Engineering Vol 3, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (51.734 KB) | DOI: 10.12777/ijse.3.1.13-16

Abstract

The aims of this research was to study the nutritional value of ensiled King Grass (Pennisetum purpuphoides) to be applied for goat. Twelve Ettawa grade male (PE), + 10 months old, and with average body weight of 19.45 + 3.03 kg were used to determine the voluntary intake, balance nitrogen and their hematological profile. All of the animals were randomly allotted at individual pens. Data were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance, based on completely randomized design arrangement with four treatments (level of King Grass silage) and three replicates. Treatment means were compared using Duncan multiple range test. The result showed that increasing level of King Grass silage within ration significantly increased the average dry matter (DM) intake per metabolic body weight. In fact, the daily DM intake, nitrogen balance, blood hemoglobin and blood hematocrit of the experimental animals were not affected by level of King Grass silage feed. Experiment had no bad effect on healthy condition of the treated goat, so it implies that conserving grass as silage and then feeding grass silage to goat might be implemented by farmers to secure the continuous supply of green forage to keep the goat production sustainability all year round. [Keywords: silage, nitrogen balance, haemoglobin, haematocryt, goat]
Assessment of Nelumbo nucifera and Hydrilla verticillata in the treatment of pharmaceutical industry effluent from 24 Parganas, West Bengal Shamba Chatterjee
International Journal of Science and Engineering Vol 7, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (454.904 KB) | DOI: 10.12777/ijse.7.2.100-105

Abstract

Modern day technologies employed in industrialization and unhygienic lifestyle of mankind has led to a severe environmental menace resulting in pollution of freshwater bodies. Pharmaceutical industry effluents cause eutrophication and provide adequate nutrients for growth of pathogenic bacteria. This study has been conducted with aquatic plants water lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) and hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata) with an novel aim to treat pharmaceutical industry effluents showing the outcome of the experiments carried out with the effluents collected from rural areas of 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India. Determination of pH, solid suspend, BOD5, NH3-N, MPN and coliform test were used for this notioned purpose. Pharmaceutical waste effluent water treated with water lotus showed less pH, solid suspend, DO, BOD, NH3-N, MPN and coliform bacteria than hydrilla treatment when compared to the control. In conclusion, water lotus is found to be more efficient in treatment of pharmaceutical industry effluent waste water than hydrilla.
Physical and Mechanical Properties of Palm Oil Frond and Stem Bunch for Developing Pruner and Harvester Machinery Design Yazid Ismi Intara; Hamdi Mayulu; P.A.S. Radite
International Journal of Science and Engineering Vol 4, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1937.392 KB) | DOI: 10.12777/ijse.4.2.69-74

Abstract

A development of oil palm pruner and harvester machinery design implemented in the field still faces a problem due to the lack of effective and efficient design which is need to be solved. It was noted that in order to develop the design, an early data and information of physical and mechanical properties of palm oil frond and stem fruits is critically important. The objective of the research was to obtain the physical and mechanical properties of palm oil frond and stem in order to develop the design of pruner and harvester machinery. The result showed that tool machinery was been advantageous by the physical properties of the plant i.e. the total weight of frond and leaf which enable to support the cutting process. The average of total weight of frond and leaf was 16.8 kg. The diagonal cutting trajectory was been more advantageous because of total weight and frond shape toward to the different of the plant tissue area. The measurement result shows that cutting curve follows the time required for cutting. The comparison among cutting curve shows differences in cutting thickness or length. In this case, the thickness is linear with cutting time. Besides, those curves show differences at the height which determine the maximum value of tested material cutting resistance. Alternative solution for machinery development design is pruner-harvester for height plant below 6 m and among 6 to 12 m. For below 6 m, pruner-harvester was designed by incorporating motor as power source and cutter-disc as the knife cutter. That condition was relied on that estate which was maintenance intensively commonly used cutter-disc. Pruner-harvester above 6 m and up to 12 m was improved based on manual egrek-designed by adding fresh fruit bunch alley supply glide in order to keep the fruits still in intact form. The consideration was based on affectivity and efficiency. It also considers homogenous ecological of palm oil plant which should be maintained to reduce global warming effect. Information obtained in this research could become positive consideration and alternative solution to provide problem solvingat early development design of palm oil pruner and harvester machinery.Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.12777/ijse.4.2.2013.69-74[How to cite this article: Intara, Y.I., Mayulu, H., and Radite, P.A.S. (2013). Physical and Mechanical Properties of Palm Oil Frond and Stem Bunch for Developing Pruner and Harvester Machinery Design. International Journal of Science and Engineering, 4(2),69-74. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.12777/ijse.4.2.2013.69-74]
Codition of Coral Reef at Teluk Pandan Sub-District East Kutai District Muhammad Syahrir R; Achmad Jayadi; Adnan Adnan; Muhammad Yasser MF; Tedy Hanjoko
International Journal of Science and Engineering Vol 8, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (388.611 KB) | DOI: 10.12777/ijse.8.1.60-64

Abstract

Coral reef of TelukPandan Sub-district East Kutai District still low in both monitoring and management, thus also poorly in coral reef database. This research purpose was to obtain the data of coral reef condition and distribution description in this sub-district.  Research was held on October 2013 at six observation stations using lifeform line intercept transect survey method. The coral condition estimation was based on live coral cover (LC) and hard coral mortality index (HCM). Coral reef distribution and wide were estimated by satellite image Landsat 7 ETM+ processing and direct field tracking using GPS. There estimated ± 618.63 ha of coral reef area consist of fringing and patch reef formation type.  Live coral cover vary 2.1-67.8% or categorized “poor” to “good” reef condition and in average LC = 38.1% (“fair/moderate” condition).  Hard coral morality (HCM) index ranged 0.14 – 0.8 and in average 0.31.
The Application of Integrated Multi Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) Using Stratified Double Net Rounded Cage (SDFNC) for Aquaculture Sustainability Sapto P. Putro; Widowati Widowati; Suhartana Suhartana; Fuad Muhammad
International Journal of Science and Engineering Vol 9, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1010.788 KB) | DOI: 10.12777/ijse.9.2.85-89

Abstract

The increase of fishery production nationally and internationally may impact on the potential emergence of a variety of environmental problems. The application of sustainable aquaculture is urgently needed by breeding fish for commercial purposes in a manner such that it has a minimum impact on the environment, contributing to the development of local communities and generating economic benefits. The design of the cage and farming practice in aquaculture activities are the important steps to ensure that farming activity is still observed in order to anticipate the risk of organic enrichment caused by the activities. The application of Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture  (IMTA) on the Stratified Double Floating Net Cage  (SDFNC) integrated with biomonitoring are an appropriate solution to the ongoing productive farming practices. IMTA is an aquaculture practice using more than one species of biotas which have ecologically mutual relationship as a part of the food chain in the area at the same time. The application of IMTA allows farmers to get several aquaculture products in the same area without increasing the horizontal area of the farms. At first, the SDFNC has been applied for farming Cyprinus carpio and Tilapia niloticus as polyculture system in freshwater ecosystem of Rawapening Lake, Central Java. Its operation has been able to increase the production capacity of at least 75% of conventional cages. The application of SDFNC-IMTA using milkfish (Chanos Chanos), seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii), and white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) has been able to minimize the impact and maintain the water ecosystem in the Gulf Awerange, South Sulawesi.
The influence of Palm Kernel Cake and Rice Bran Fermentation Product Mixture to the Broiler Carcass Quality Yadi Priabudiman; Yana Sukaryana
International Journal of Science and Engineering Vol 2, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (140.761 KB) | DOI: 10.12777/ijse.2.1.1-3

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to study the effect of the use of palm kernel cake (PKC) and rice bran (RB) fermentation products mixture to the percentage of broiler carcass weight pieces. Research using completely randomized design (CRD) with treatments of the fermentation product usage rate of   0% (P0), 10% (P1), 20% (P2), 30% (P3) and 40% (P4) of the total ration of 4replications.  Variables measured were percentage of carcass weight ratio cut    pieces  of carcass weight (carcass front, rear carcass, breast meat, wings, back, and thigh) with carcass weight multiplied by 100%. The results showed that the percentage of carcass weight piece front and rear carcass was shown at P3.
Parameterization adaption for 3D shape optimization in aerodynamics Badr Abou El Majd
International Journal of Science and Engineering Vol 6, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (799.818 KB) | DOI: 10.12777/ijse.6.1.61-69

Abstract

When solving a PDE problem numerically, a certain mesh-refinement process is always implicit, and very classically, mesh adaptivity is a very effective means to accelerate grid convergence. Similarly, when optimizing a shape by means of an explicit geometrical representation, it is natural to seek for an analogous concept of parameterization adaptivity. We propose here an adaptive parameterization for three-dimensional optimum design in aerodynamics by using the so-called “Free-Form Deformation” approach based on 3D tensorial Bézier parameterization. The proposed procedure leads to efficient numerical simulations with highly reduced computational costs.[How to cite this article:  Majd, B.A.. 2014. Parameterization adaption for 3D shape optimization in aerodynamics. International Journal of Science and Engineering, 6(1):61-69. Doi: 10.12777/ijse.6.1.61-69
EXAMINATION OF THE SUNGKAI’S YOUNG LEAF EXTRACT (Peronema canescens) AS AN ANTIPIRETIC, IMMUNITY, ANTIPLASMODIUM AND TERATOGENITY IN MICE (Mus.muculus) Agus Martono Hadi Putranto
International Journal of Science and Engineering Vol 7, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (44.473 KB) | DOI: 10.12777/ijse.7.1.30-34

Abstract

The research of examination extract sungkai’s young leafs as an antipyretic, immunity, anti plasmodium and teratogenity in mice (Mus. Muculus) has been done. The aims of this research is examinations in infusa effectiveness extract of the young leafs in mice (Mus. Muculus). The object of this research used 50 males Webster’s species mice has 7 – 8 week olds, averages 30 gram in weight. Mice are divided into 5 groups in examination for antipyretic. Mice has been introduced the DPT-HB fever before. The first group as a negative control treated a pure water, second group as a positive control treated a paracetamol 1.08 mg/Kg w/w and rest of groups treated a young sungkai’s extract leafs in the concentration of 0.186 mg/Kg w/w, 0.375 mg/Kg w/w and 0.5625 mg/Kg w/w respectively. Measurements of the temperature toke in the duration of 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes. Furthermore, in the immunity examination, mice also divided into 5 groups, first as a negative control treated a pure water, second group as a positive control treated 0.07 mg/Kg imunos w/w and respectively for the rest groups treated with young sungkai’s extract leafs in the concentration of 0.186 mg/Kg w/w, 0.375 mg/Kg w/w and 0.5625 mg/Kg w/w. These treatments held in gavage system with the duration at 24 hours. In examination amount of the leukocyte number, toke from the tail of the mice, has a result the dosage in 0.5625 mg/Kg w/w extract’s young leafs of sungkai could be decrease the temperature 29%, it is better than paracetamol treatment which could be decreased only 26% of temperature. In addition, for the immunity examination, the best dosage of the young sungkai’s extract leafs is 0.567 mg/Kg w/w, which It can increase 36% amount of the leukocyte number. This dosage is better than the positive control by using Imunos, which is can increase only 23% of the temperature.
Sliding Wear Modeling of Artificial Rough Surfaces Imam Syafa’at; Budi Setiyana; Muchammad Muchammad; Jamari Jamari
International Journal of Science and Engineering Vol 4, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (728.335 KB) | DOI: 10.12777/ijse.4.1.21-23

Abstract

Surface roughness plays an important role in machine design. In the micro-scale when two engineering surfaces are brought into contact, the real contact area occurs at isolated point of asperity. Wear is one of some effects of contacting surfaces. This paper presents a modeling of sliding wear at asperity level on the artificial rough surfaces. The surface roughness is represented by spherical asperities at the hemispherical pin that is developed from the existing model. The wear model is based on the simple analytical solution. The combination of Archard’s wear equation and finite element simulation is performed to predict the wear. Results show that the increasing of sliding distance give the increasing of wear depth, wear scar diameter and wear volume of the asperity. Wear at the center of the contacting rough surface is higher than the its surrounding. [Keywords: Rough Surface; Sliding Wea; Wear Scar Diameter; Wear Volume]
Modelling of HTR (High Temperature Reactor) Pebble-Bed 10 MW to Determine Criticality as A Variations of Enrichment and Radius of the Fuel (Kernel) With the Monte Carlo Code MCNP4C Hammam Oktajianto; Evi Setiawati; Very Richardina
International Journal of Science and Engineering Vol 8, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (34.27 KB) | DOI: 10.12777/ijse.8.1.42-46

Abstract

Gas-cooled nuclear reactor is a Generation IV reactor which has been receiving significant attention due to many desired characteristics such as inherent safety, modularity, relatively low cost, short construction period, and easy financing. High temperature reactor (HTR) pebble-bed as one of type of gas-cooled reactor concept is getting attention. In HTR pebble-bed design, radius and enrichment of the fuel kernel are the key parameter that can be chosen freely to determine the desired value of criticality. This paper models HTR pebble-bed 10 MW and determines an effective of enrichment and radius of the fuel (Kernel) to get criticality value of reactor. The TRISO particle coated fuel particle which was modelled explicitly and distributed in the fuelled region of the fuel pebbles using a Simple-Cubic (SC) lattice. The pebble-bed balls and moderator balls distributed in the core zone using a Body-Centred Cubic lattice with assumption of a fresh fuel by the fuel enrichment was 7-17% at 1% range and the size of the fuel radius was 175-300 µm at 25 µm ranges. The geometrical model of the full reactor is obtained by using lattice and universe facilities provided by MCNP4C. The details of model are discussed with necessary simplifications. Criticality calculations were conducted by Monte Carlo transport code MCNP4C and continuous energy nuclear data library ENDF/B-VI. From calculation results can be concluded that an effective of enrichment and radius of fuel (Kernel) to achieve a critical condition was the enrichment of 15-17% at a radius of 200 µm, the enrichment of 13-17% at a radius of 225 µm, the enrichments of 12-15% at radius of 250 µm, the enrichments of 11-14% at a radius of 275 µm and the enrichment of 10-13% at a radius of 300 µm, so that the effective of enrichments and radii of fuel (Kernel) can be considered in the HTR 10 MW. Keywords—MCNP4C, HTR, enrichment, radius, criticality 

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