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Media Akuakultur
Published by Politeknik Kelautan dan Perikanan Bone
ISSN : 19076762     EISSN : 25029460     DOI : 10.15578/ma
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Media Akuakultur as source of information in the form of the results of research and scientific review (review) in the field of applied aquaculture including genetics and reproduction, biotechnology, nutrition and feed, fish health and the environment, and land resources in aquaculture.
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Articles 301 Documents
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PERKEMBANGAN JUMLAH EKTOPARASIT Pseudorhabdosynochus spp. PADA INSANG KERAPU HIBRIDA CANTIK (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus x E. polyphekadion) MELALUI METODE KOHABITASI Indah Mastuti; Zafran Zafran; Ketut Mahardika
Media Akuakultur Vol 16, No 1 (2021): (Juni, 2021)
Publisher : Pusat Riset Perikanan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (636.636 KB) | DOI: 10.15578/ma.16.1.2021.33-43

Abstract

Genus Pseudorhabdosynocus merupakan Monogenea yang sering menginfeksi ikan kerapu. Pengaruh perbedaan jarak antara ikan sakit dengan ikan sehat terhadap perkembangan jumlah Pseudorhabdosynochus spp. pada ikan kerapu hibrida “cantik” dipelajari dalam penelitian ini melalui metode kohabitasi. Kohabitasi dilakukan dengan dua metode yaitu (a) menempatkan lima ekor ikan sakit ke dalam keranjang dengan jarak 25 cm dari dasar bak, dan (b) menempatkan lima ekor ikan sakit ke dalam keranjang dengan jarak 10 cm dari dasar bak. Kedua keranjang tersebut diapungkan ke dalam bak plastik berbeda dengan volume 100 L air laut (33 ppt) yang masing-masing telah berisi 30 ekor ikan kerapu hibrida “cantik” sehat. Masing-masing lima ekor ikan dari kedua metode kohabitasi diambil pada hari ke-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, dan 15 pemeliharaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa infeksi buatan menggunakan metode kohabitasi (b) lebih cepat menyebarkan Pseudorhabdosynochus spp. dari ikan sakit ke ikan sehat dibandingkan dengan metode kohabitasi (a). Perkembangan populasi Pseudorhabdosynochus spp. dan telurnya pada metode kohabitasi (b) lebih tinggi yaitu 1.495 ± 206,3 ekor/ikan dan 18,6 ± 3,8 telur/ikan dibandingkan dengan metode kohabitasi (a) yaitu 163,2 ± 16,3 ekor/ikan dan 3,8 ± 0,7 telur/ikan pasca 15 hari kohabitasi. Secara histopatologi, lamela insang yang terinfeksi Pseudorhabdosynochus spp. menunjukkan adanya hyperplasia epitel sel filamen insang yang menimbulkan fusi filamen. Kerusakan filamen di hampir semua lamela insang menyebabkan terganggunya sistem pernapasan ikan kerapu. Hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa penyebaran Pseudorhabdosynochus spp. semakin cepat dengan semakin dekat jarak kontak antara ikan sakit dengan ikan sehat.Pseudorhabdosynocus is a genus of Monogenea that frequently infect grouper fish. This study aimed to observe the changes of density patterns of Pseudorhabdosynochus spp. in hybrid grouper gill through cohabitation. Two cohabitation methods were applied to understand the effects of distance between sick and healthy fish in terms of parasite infection. The cohabitation methos were arranged as follows: (a) five fish infected with Pseudorhabdosynochus spp. were placed into a basket at a distance of 25 cm from the bottom of the tank, and (b) five fish infected with Pseudorhabdosynochus spp. were placed into a basket at a distance of 10 cm from the bottom of the tank. The two baskets were floated into different plastic tanks of 100 L of seawater (33 ppt), each of which contained 30 healthy hybrid groupers. Each of the five fish from the two cohabitation methods was sampled on day 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 15 after cohabitation. The results showed that the spread of Pseudorhabdosynochus spp. from sick fish to healthy fish with the cohabitation method b was faster than the cohabitation method a. The development number of Pseudorhabdosynochus spp. and its eggs in the cohabitation method b were higher, reaching 1,495 ± 206.3 parasite/fish and 18.6 ± 3.8 eggs/fish than the cohabitation method a, 163.2 ± 16.3 parasite/fish and 3.8 ± 0.7 eggs/fish after 15 days of cohabitation. Histopathologically, gill lamella infected with Pseudorhabdosynochus spp. showed the presence of epithelial hyperplasia of gill filament cells causing fusion. Damage of the gill filament in all of gill lamella has caused disruption of the grouper breathing system. From these findings, it can be concluded that the spread of Pseudorhabdosynochus spp. was faster if the distance of direct contact between sick and healthy fish was closer.
KERAGAAN BIOREPRODUKSI TIGA GENERASI IKAN TAMBAKAN (Helostoma temminckii Cuvier, 1829) Wahyulia Cahyanti; Jojo Subagja; Kusdiarti Kusdiarti; Deni Irawan; Otong Zenal Arifin
Media Akuakultur Vol 16, No 1 (2021): (Juni, 2021)
Publisher : Pusat Riset Perikanan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (727.577 KB) | DOI: 10.15578/ma.16.1.2021.1-6

Abstract

Ikan tambakan merupakan ikan lokal yang potensial menjadi ikan budidaya. Salah satu proses penting dalam budidaya adalah aspek reproduksi. Penelitian untuk mengetahui karakteristik bioreproduksi tiga generasi ikan tambakan hasil kegiatan domes‘tikasi di Balai Riset Perikanan Budidaya Air Tawar dan Penyuluhan Perikanan, Bogor. Pengujian dilakukan untuk mengetahui posisi gonad, fekunditas, derajat pembuahan, dan derajat penetasan ikan tambakan generasi yang berbeda. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan posisi gonad vertikal mengarah ke tulang belakang, di bagian ujung melengkung ke arah depan dan gonad berada di belakang urogenital. Fekunditas telur/gram bobot ikan yang dihasilkan tidak berbeda antar generasi dengan jumlah berkisar antara 76 ± 13 sampai 83 ± 14 butir. Persentase telur terbuahi dan telur menetas antar generasi juga tidak berbeda, masing-masing berkisar antara antara 70,6 ± 16,05 sampai 92,9 ± 10,88%; dan 51,3 ± 16,64 sampai 74,3 ± 10,32%. Jumlah larva yang dihasilkan juga tidak berbeda nyata antar generasi, berurutan dari yang kecil ke besar G-0 (38,7 ± 10,72 butir/g bobot ikan), G-1 (45,3 ± 5,20 butir/g bobot ikan), dan G-2 (55,7 ± 7,75 butir/g bobot ikan). Program domestikasi ikan tambakan tidak mempengaruhi karakter reproduksi ikan antar generasi. Keragaman karakter reproduksi antar generasi masih tinggi. Pembentukan generasi selanjutnya perlu dipertahankan, sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai ikan budidaya baru.Kissing gourami is an Indonesian local fish species that has the potential to be developed as a farmed fish. However, the current domestication stage of the fish still requires further information regarding its bio reproduction. The research on determining the bioreproductive characteristics of three generations of kissing gourami has been carried out at the Research Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture and Fisheries Extensions, Bogor. This research aimed to determine the gonad position, gonad maturity index, and fecundity between the kissing gourami generations. The results showed that the gonads were positioned vertically towards the backbone, curved ends towards the front and located behind the urogenital. The fecundity of produced eggs/gram body weight of fish did not differ between generations and ranged between 76 ± 13–83 ± 14 eggs. The percentages of fertilized eggs and hatched eggs between generations did not differ and ranged between 70.6 ± 16.05–92.9 ± 10.88% and 51.3 ± 16.64–74.3 ± 10.32%, respectively. The number of produced larvae was also not significantly different between generations where G-0 has the lowest number (38.7 ± 10.72 eggs/g fish weight), followed by G-1 (45.3 ± 5.20 eggs/g fish weight) and G-2 has the highest number of produced larvae (55.7 ± 7.75 eggs/g fish weight). The aquaculture domestication program does not affect the reproductive character of fish between generations. The diversity of reproductive characters between generations is still high. The formation of the next generation needs to be maintained, so that it can be used as a new cultured fish.
PERFORMA BUDIDAYA UDANG WINDU (Penaeus monodon) PADA MUSIM KEMARAU DI TAMBAK KECAMATAN MARUSU KABUPATEN MAROS Andi Akhmad Mustafa; Andi Indra Jaya Asaad; Dominggus Linthin
Media Akuakultur Vol 16, No 1 (2021): (Juni, 2021)
Publisher : Pusat Riset Perikanan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (387.582 KB) | DOI: 10.15578/ma.16.1.2021.45-56

Abstract

Salah satu program dari Gubernur Sulawesi Selatan periode 2018-2023 adalah mengembalikan kejayaan udang windu di Sulawesi Selatan. Telah dilakukan kegiatan yang bertujuan mengetahui performa budidaya udang windu di tambak pembudidaya yang dilaksanakan pada musim kemarau tahun 2019 di Kecamatan Marusu Kabupaten Maros. Kegiatan budidaya udang windu teknologi tradisional plus dilaksanakan di tambak Dusun Kurilompo, Desa Nisombalia Kecamatan Marusu Kabupaten Maros. Sebanyak enam petak tambak pembudidaya ditebari tokolan udang windu dengan padat penebaran dari 10.000 sampai 30.000 ekor/ha. Setelah dipelihara selama 69 sampai 80 hari dilakukan panen dan selanjutnya dilakukan penentuan sintasan, bobot rata-rata, produksi udang windu, dan rasio konversi pakan (RKP). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa kualitas air di tambak Kecamatan Marusu, Kabupaten Maros pada musim kemarau dicirikan dengan salinitas yang berkisar antara 36,63-69,40 ppt; suatu kondisi yang tidak optimal untuk budidaya udang windu. Pada saat panen didapatkan sintasan udang windu dari 27,57% sampai 66,67%; bobot rata-rata dari 14,29-40,00 g/ekor; produksi dari 90,1-800,0 kg/ha/musim; dan RKP dari 0,54:1 sampai 2,10:1. Disimpulkan bahwa budidaya udang windu di tambak bersalinitas tinggi di daerah ini merupakan penyebab utama rendahnya sintasan, bobot rata-rata, produksi udang windu, dan RKP. Direkomendasikan bahwa perbaikan budidaya udang dengan menjaga tingkat salinitas dalam nilai optimal harus disosialisasikan kepada pembudidaya udang windu di daerah tersebut.One of the main aquaculture development targeted by the South Sulawesi Province for the period 2018-2023 is to restore the glory of tiger shrimp farming in South Sulawesi. The recent study was carried out to uncover redevelopment opportunities of tiger shrimp culture and determine the performance of tiger shrimp culture in the farmers’ ponds. The study was performed during the dry season in Marusu Subdistrict Maros District, in 2019. Traditional plus tiger shrimp farming activities were carried out in the ponds of Kurilompo Subvillage, Nisombalia Village, Marusu Subdistrict, Maros District. A total of six brackishwater ponds were stocked with tiger shrimp fingerling with stocking densities of 10,000-30,000 ind./ha. After being cultured for 69 to 80 days, the shrimp were harvested and measured their survival rate, average weight, production of tiger shrimp, and feed conversion ratio (FCR). The data obtained were analyzed with descriptive statistics. The results showed that water quality in brackishwater ponds of Marusu Subdstrict Maros District, in the dry season is characterized by salinity ranging from 36.63 to 69.40 ppt, a condition that is not optimal for tiger shrimp culture. At harvest, the survival rate, average weight, production, and FCR of the farmed average tiger shrimp were 27.57%-66.67%, 14.29-40.00 g/ind., 90.1-800.0 kg/ha/season, and 0.54:1-2.10:1, respectively. It is concluded that the culture of tiger shrimp in the brackishwater ponds with high salinity in this area is the primary cause of poor survival rate, average weight, production of tiger shrimp, and FCR. It is recommended that culture shrimp improvement via maintaining salinity level within the optimal values has to be disseminated to the fish farmers in the area.
PERFORMA PERTUMBUHAN BENIH IKAN SEMAH (Tor douronensis) GENERASI PERTAMA DENGAN PADAT TEBAR BERBEDA DI KARAMBA JARING APUNG Jojo Subagja; Otong Zenal Arifin; Kurniawan Kurniawan; Vitas Atmadi Prakoso
Media Akuakultur Vol 16, No 1 (2021): (Juni, 2021)
Publisher : Pusat Riset Perikanan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (53.967 KB) | DOI: 10.15578/ma.16.1.2021.7-12

Abstract

Ikan semah (Tor douronensis) termasuk salah satu spesies dari genus Tor yang memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi. Untuk meningkatkan produktivitas, informasi pertumbuhan benih yang dipelihara pada sistem budidaya karamba jaring apung (KJA) perlu dilakukan karena ikan semah umumnya dibudidayakan pada kolam dengan air yang jernih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi laju pertumbuhan benih ikan semah generasi pertama dengan perlakuan padat tebar yang berbeda pada sistem pemeliharaan KJA. Percobaan dilakukan di Waduk Cirata, Cianjur, Jawa Barat selama lima bulan. Ikan uji (panjang total: 7-8 cm; bobot: 5-6 g) dipelihara di KJA (padat tebar 50, 75, dan 100 ekor/m3 dengan tiga kali ulangan). Pakan apung komersial dengan kadar protein 40% diberikan sebesar 6% per biomassa yang diberikan dua kali sehari. Parameter yang diamati yaitu pertumbuhan bobot mutlak, sintasan, laju pertumbuhan spesifik (SGR), dan biomassa. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan padat tebar 50 ekor/m3 menghasilkan pertumbuhan terbaik dengan bobot akhir 15,89 ± 1,43 g; pertambahan mutlak 10,48 ± 1,41 g; sintasan 94,67 ± 4,6%; dan SGR 0,75 ± 0,04%. Dari hasil penelitian ini, padat tebar 50 ekor/m3 merupakan kondisi yang terbaik untuk pemeliharaan benih ikan semah di KJA. Hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan informasi awal tentang potensi budidaya ikan semah dengan sistem budidaya KJA perlu dikembangkan di masa yang akan datang.Semah mahseer (Tor douronensis) is a species from the genus Tor and highly valued in local and national markets. Nevertheless, the fish production from net cage is currently limited. In order to increase its productivity, research on the growth of semah mahseer fingerlings reared in floating net cage systems needs to be carried out as this species is predominantly cultured in the clean water ponds. This study was conducted to obtain information on the growth performance of the first generation of semah mahseer fingerlings reared with different stocking densities in a floating net cage system. The experiment was carried out in the floating net cage located at Cirata Reservoir, Cianjur, West Java, for five months. Fingerlings (total length: 7-8 cm; body weight: 5-6 g) were reared in the floating net cage (stocking density of 50, 75, and 100 ind./m3 with three replications). The fish were fed with a commercial diet (protein content of 40%) given at 6% of biomass twice a day. The parameters observed included weight gain, survival rate, specific growth rate (SGR), and biomass. The results showed that the stocking density of 50 ind./m3 had the best performance in terms of final weight of 15.89 ± 1.43 g, weight gain of 10.48 ± 1.41 g, survival rate of 94.67 ± 4.6%, and specific growth rate of 0.75 ± 0.04%. Based to the results of this study, the stocking density of 50 ind./m3 is the best condition for rearing semah mahseer fingerlings in floating net cages. The findings of this research can be used as the basic information for future aquaculture development of semah mahseer in net cages.
EFEKTIVITAS FITOREMEDIASI DAN PROBIOTIK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PERFORMA PERTUMBUHAN IKAN SIDAT, Anguilla bicolor PADA STADIA ELVER Adang Saputra; Eri Setiadi; Yohana Retnaning Widyastuti; Nurhidayat Nurhidayat; Tri Heru Prihadi
Media Akuakultur Vol 16, No 2 (2021): (Desember, 2021)
Publisher : Pusat Riset Perikanan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (213.416 KB) | DOI: 10.15578/ma.16.2.2021.95-104

Abstract

Budidaya ikan sidat (Angguilla bicolor) pada stadia elver sudah menggunakan sistem intensif, penggunaan pakan formula dengan protein sekitar 50% sehingga berpotensi mempercepat proses toksisitas media pemeliharaan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi efektivitas dari fitoremediasi dan probiotik dalam meningkatkan performa pertumbuhan ikan sidat pada stadia elver. Seluruh rangkaian kegiatan percobaan dilaksanakan di Kelompok Delta Sidat, Dusun Krajan Desa Sidoluhur Kecamatan Ambal Kabupaten Kebumen Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Rancangan percobaan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan tiga perlakuan dan tiga ulangan bak. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah aplikasi: A) probiotik, B) fitoremediasi, dan C) kombinasi fitoremediasi dan probiotik. Padat tebar ikan uji pada masing-masing wadah pemeliharaan sebanyak 125 ekor dengan bobot awal rata-rata 10,66 ± 1,01 g/ekor. Pakan yang diberikan adalah pakan formula dengan frekuensi pemberian tiga kali sehari sebanyak 5% dari jumlah biomassa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi kombinasi probiotik dan fitoremediasi (perlakuan-C) mampu mendegradasi nitrogen dan fosfor, sehingga mampu meningkatkan kinerja pertumbuhan elver. Hasil perhitungan terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan pada perlakuan-C menunjukkan sintasan mencapai 89,89%; biomassa akhir 35,57 kg; efisiensi penggunaan pakan 80,50%; dan secara ekonomi sangat menguntungkan terlihat dari B/C rasionya mencapai 3,01; serta rentabilitas sebesar 200,85% terhadap biaya yang digunakan. Sehingga aplikasi kombinasi fitoremediasi dan probiotik mampu meningkatkan produksi dan produktivitas elver dari sistem budidaya.An intensive system has been developed to culture tropical eel, Anguilla bicolor on elver stadia. However, the use of feed formula containing 50% protein has accelerated water quality degradation in the rearing media. This study aimed to evaluate the effectivity of phytoremediation and probiotics to improve the growth performance of eel elver. The research was conducted in Delta Sidat Group, Sidoluhur Village Ambal District, Kebumen, Central Java Province. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design with three treatments and three replicates. The treatments applied were: A) probiotic, B) phytoremediation, and C) combination of phytoremediation and probiotic. The stocking density used was 125 elver/container with an initial weight of 10.66 ± 1.01 g/fish. The feed formula was given daily at 5% of total elver biomass. The result showed that the C treatment was able to reduced nitrogen and phosphorus levels and to improve the growth performance of eel elver with a survival rate of 89.89% and the final average weight of 35.57 kg, with feed efficiency of 80.50%. The economic profitability calculated from the B/C ratio reached 3.01 and rentability of 200.85% compared to the cost used. The study concludes that the combination of phytoremediation and probiotic can improve the production and economic profitability of eel culture on elver stadia.
PERTUMBUHAN, KELANGSUNGAN HIDUP, DAN PERFORMA PRODUKSI UDANG GALAH, Macrobrachium rosenbergii HASIL SELEKSI PADA TIGA SEGMEN BUDIDAYA Ikhsan Khasani; Asep Sopian
Media Akuakultur Vol 16, No 2 (2021): (Desember, 2021)
Publisher : Pusat Riset Perikanan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (68.513 KB) | DOI: 10.15578/ma.16.2.2021.57-64

Abstract

Pertumbuhan lambat dan maturasi dini merupakan permasalahan serius pada budidaya udang galah karena berdampak pada penurunan produktivitas budidayanya. Seleksi secara simultan pada karakter panjang standar (PS) dan level maturasi (LM) calon induk udang galah betina telah dilakukan dengan tujuan mendapatkan udang galah generasi ketiga (G-3) dengan performa tumbuh cepat dan maturasi lambat. Evaluasi performa benih populasi seleksi (PSL) dan kontrol (PKT), dilakukan pada tiga fase budidaya udang galah, yaitu fase pemeliharaan larva, pendederan, dan pembesaran. Fase pembenihan diperoleh indeks perkembangan larva (IPL) dan kelangsungan hidup (KH) yang lebih baik pada populasi PSL (9,63 ± 0,91 dan 59,43 ± 9,2%), dibandingkan pada PKT (8,73 ± 0,72 dan 39,64 ± 8,4%). Fase pendederan diperoleh PS, bobot badan (BB) dan KH sebesar 19,98 ± 2,95 mm; 0,22 ± 0,10 g; dan 87,27 ± 6,70% untuk PSL, lebih baik dibandingkan pada PKT; (18,70 ± 2,72 mm; 0,20 ± 0,09 g; dan 74,55 ± 5,4%). Fase pembesaran, PSL juga menunjukkan keunggulan, dengan PS, BB, dan KH sebesar 68,65 ± 8,11 mm; 15,82 ± 5,67 g; dan 70,5 ± 1,33% lebih tinggi dibandingkan PKT; 66,97 ± 9,72 mm dan 14,73 ± 6,86 g; dan 62,8 ± 18,44%. Level maturitas induk betina pada PSL juga lebih rendah (1,45 ± 0,77) dibandingkan pada PKT (1,52 ± 0,94). Data yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa seleksi individu secara simultan pada karakter PS dan LM efektif meningkatkan performa pertumbuhan dan produktivitas udang galah.Slow growth and early maturation are serious challenges in the giant freshwater prawn (GFP) farming. The simultaneous selection based on standard length (SL) and maturation level (ML) characters of the female giant prawns was carried out to produce the GFP strain (3th generation) which had higher productivity. The evaluation of the selection seed (PSL) and the control (PKT) populations was carried out in three phases of the GFP farming, namely the hatchery phase (larval rearing), the nursery, and the grow-out. In the hatchery phase, the larval development index and survival (SR) of the PSL were higher (9.63 ± 0.91 and 59.43 ± 9.2%) than that of the PKT (73 ± 0.72 and 39.64 ± 8.4%). In the nursery phase, PS, body weight (BW) and SR of the PSL were 19.98 ± 2.95 mm; 0.22 ± 0.10 g; 87.27 ± 6.70%. They were higher than that of the PKT, there were 18.70 ± 2.72 mm; 0.22 ± 0.09 g; and 74.55 ± 5.4%. In the grow-out phase, the performance of the PSL on PS, BW, and SR were also better, 68.65 ± 8.11 mm; 15.82 ± 5.67 g; 70.5 ± 1.33% than that of PKT, 66.97 ± 9.72 mm and 14.73 ± 6.86 g; 62.8 ± 18.44%. The maturity level of female prawns in PSL was also lower (1.45 ± 0.77) than that of PKT (1.52 ± 0.94). Based on these data, it can be concluded that simultaneous individual selection on PS and ML characters is effective to improve the growth performance and productivity of the GFP.
PENDEDERAN ABALON, Haliotis squamata KEPADATAN TINGGI DENGAN SISTEM TANGKI AIR MENGALIR Tangki air Mengalir Gusti Ngurah Permana; Ibnu Rusdi; Reagan Septory; Hendra Agung Kurniawan
Media Akuakultur Vol 16, No 2 (2021): (Desember, 2021)
Publisher : Pusat Riset Perikanan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (378.23 KB) | DOI: 10.15578/ma.16.2.2021.65-72

Abstract

Teknologi budidaya abalon telah tersedia dan dilakukan dengan berbagai metode budidaya pendederan dan pembesaran. Namun, hingga saat ini belum berkembang di masyarakat karena kurangnya minat pengusaha/pembudidaya abalon untuk mengaplikasikan secara komersial. Hal ini disebabkan oleh kualitas dan kuantitas benih belum stabil, pertumbuhan lambat, biaya tinggi, dan memerlukan waktu pemeliharaan lebih lama. Oleh karena itu, perlu diupayakan metode yang lebih sederhana dengan biaya murah untuk pembesaran abalon. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan pertumbuhan dan produksi abalon dengan padat tebar berbeda pada sistem-sistem tangki air mengalir. Benih abalon dipelihara di bak beton ukuran 12 m x 0,8 m x 0,8 m; kepadatan 70% dan 80% dari luasan dasar bak. Sementara untuk menghitung kelayakan usaha, rumus yang digunakan adalah revenue cost ratio (R/C). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan panjang, lebar dan bobot cangkang pada densitas 70% lebih baik dibandingkan dengan densitas 80%. Kepadatan 70% menghasilkan 8,98% peningkatan hasil biomassa dan kematian 6,51% lebih tinggi dari kepadatan 80%. Berdasarkan analisis ekonomi, sistem pembibitan ini layak secara ekonomi di mana padat tebar 70% dari total luas dasar memiliki keuntungan finansial terbaik.Breeding technology for abalone is available, and its farming can be done using different nursery and grow-out methods. However, abalone farming has not yet been commercially practiced due to the lack of interest from fish entrepreneurs/fish farmers. This is due to several factors related to the quality and quantity of seeds, such as inconsistent availability, slow growth, high cost, and long culture was period. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a simpler and inexpensive method to culture abalone. This research aimed to improve the rearing technique for abalone. Two concrete tanks of 12 m x 0.8 m x 0.8 m in size were used in which abalone seeds were stocked with stocking densities of 70% and 80% of the bottom area. The concrete tanks were equipped with a flow-through water circulation system. The business feasibility of the culture system was calculated using the revenue cost ratio (R/C) formula. The results showed that the growth in length, shell width and weight at a density of 70% was better than that of the density of 80%. The density of 70% resulted in an 8.98% increase in biomass yield and a 6.51% mortality higher than a density of 80%. Based on the economic analysis, this nursery system is economically feasible where the stocking density of 70% of the total bottom area has the best financial return.
KINERJA PERTUMBUHAN IKAN GURAMI, Osphronemus goramy DENGAN PENAMBAHAN ARANG AKTIF TULANG IKAN KAMBING-KAMBING DALAM PAKAN Nurhayati Nurhayati; Suraiya Nazlia; Abdul Fattah; Yayan Pradinata; Lia Handayani; Harun Harun
Media Akuakultur Vol 16, No 2 (2021): (Desember, 2021)
Publisher : Pusat Riset Perikanan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (404.049 KB) | DOI: 10.15578/ma.16.2.2021.87-93

Abstract

Ikan gurami merupakan salah satu jenis ikan air tawar yang disukai oleh masyarakat. Namun, pertumbuhan ikan ini relatif lambat sehingga memerlukan salah satu solusi untuk mempersingkat masa pemeliharaan ikan. Arang aktif salah satu suplemen yang dapat ditambahkan dalam pakan. Limbah tulang ikan kambing-kambing merupakan salah satu limbah dari fillet ikan kambing-kambing yang belum termanfaatkan secara optimal sehingga berpotensi dijadikan arang aktif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan dosis penambahan arang aktif tulang ikan kambing-kambing yang optimal dalam pakan sehingga dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan ikan gurami. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan dan dua ulangan, sebagai perlakuan yaitu penambahan arang aktif dengan dosis berbeda. Perlakuannya antara lain T0 (0%), T1 (1%), T2 (2%), dan T3 (3%). Ikan uji yang digunakan ukuran bobot 2,2 ± 0,1 g dan panjang 5,3 ± 0,1 cm. Benih ikan gurami tersebut dipelihara dalam akuarium dengan volume air 72 liter, padat tebar 10 ekor/wadah dan dipelihara selama 60 hari. Setiap akuarium di setting resirkulasi dan heater. Parameter yang diamati adalah histologi usus, sintasan, pertumbuhan bobot mutlak (PBM), pertumbuhan panjang mutlak (PPM), laju pertumbuhan harian (LPH), dan rasio konversi pakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan arang aktif tulang ikan kambing-kambing dalam pakan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan bobot, pertumbuhan panjang, laju pertumbuhan harian (P<0,05). Penambahan arang aktif 2% dalam pakan (T2) merupakan perlakuan terbaik terhadap ikan gurami dengan nilai pertumbuhan bobot 14,6 ± 0,3 g; pertumbuhan panjang 9,31 ± 0,1 cm; dan SGR 1,38 ±0%/hari. Sedangkan untuk panjang dan lebar vili usus pada perlakuan penambahan arang aktif 2% lebih kecil dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya.One of the development bottlenecks of gouramy farming is its relatively slow growth during rearing. One of the solutions to make the gourami farming economically feasible is shortening the fish culture period via improving its growth. Activated charcoal is a feed supplement that can be added to fish feed. Starry triggerfish fish bone waste is the potential to be processed as activated charcoal for the feed supplement. This study aimed to determine the optimal dose of addition of activated charcoal of starry triggerfish (ACST) fish bone in the feed to increase the growth of gouramy fish. The research design used was a completely randomized design with four treatments and two replications. The treatment consisted of different supplementation doses of activated charcoal in the feed. The treatments included 0% ACST (T0), 1% ACST (T1), 2% ACST (T2), 3% ACST (T3). The fish used were 2.2 ± 0.1 g in weight and 5.3 ± 0.1 cm in length. The gourami seeds were maintained in aquariums (each volumed 72 liters) with stocking density of 10 fish/aquarium and reared for 60 days. Each aquarium was equipped with a recirculation and heater systems. The parameters observed were intestinal histology, weight gain (WG), length gain (LG), specific growth rate (SGR), survival rate (SR), and feed conversion ratio (FCR). The results showed that the supplementation of ACST in the feed had significant effects on WG, LG, and SGR (P<0.05). The supplementation with 2% ACST in the feed was the best treatment for the growth performance of gouramy fish resulting in WG, LG, and SGR in 14.6 ± 0.3 g, 9.31 ± 0.1 cm, and 2.40 ± 0% per day, respectively. Meanwhile, supplementation of 2% ACTS in the diet resulted smaller of length and width of intestinal villi of gouramy than to the other treatments.
APLIKASI HORMON OODEV DAN TEPUNG KUNYIT PADA PEMATANGAN INDUK IKAN PERES, Osteochilus kappeni Sri Rahayu; Siti Komariyah; Cut Mulyani; Iwan Hasri
Media Akuakultur Vol 16, No 2 (2021): (Desember, 2021)
Publisher : Pusat Riset Perikanan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (105.178 KB) | DOI: 10.15578/ma.16.2.2021.73-78

Abstract

Upaya untuk meningkatkan kematangan gonad induk ikan peres perlu adanya rangsangan baik melalui pakan maupun secara hormonal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pemberian hormon Oodev dan tepung kunyit pada pakan terhadap percepatan kematangan gonad ikan peres, Osteochilus kappeni. Metode yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu P-1 (pakan komersil), P-2 (pakan komersil + 3% tepung kunyit dan penyuntikan 0,5 mL Oodev), P-3 (pakan komersil + 3% tepung kunyit dan penyuntikan 1 mL Oodev), P-4 (pakan komersil + 3% tepung kunyit). Induk ikan peres yang digunakan berjumlah 12 ekor, setiap perlakuan digunakan tiga induk ikan peres betina dengan bobot sekitar 118 g. Parameter yang diamati yaitu pertambahan bobot mutlak (PBM), indeks kematangan gonad (IKG), fekunditas, tingkat kematangan gonad (TGK), dan diameter telur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian tepung kunyit dalam pakan dan penyuntikan hormon Oodev berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap semua parameter pengamatan. Perlakuan terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan P2, yaitu menghasilkan PBM sebesar 20,9 g; IKG sebesar 18,35%; fekunditas sebanyak 2.560 butir, dan diameter telur 1,10 mm. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kombinasi 0,5 mL hormon Oodev dan 3% tepung kunyit cukup untuk mempercepat kematangan gonad O. kappeni.Efforts to increase the gonad maturity of the peres broodfish require stimulation either through feed or hormonally. This study aimed to study the effects of feed supplemented with Oodev hormone and turmeric flour on accelerating gonadal maturity of Osteochilus kappeni. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of four treatments and three replications. The treatment in this study were P-1 (commercial feed), P-2 (commercial feed+ 3% turmeric powder and injection 0.5 ml Oodev), P-3 (commercial feed + 3% turmeric flour and injection 1 mL Oodev), P-4 (commercial feed + 3% turmeric powder). Twelve adult fish were used in this study which each treatment was used three female fish weighted around 118 g. The parameters observed were absolute weight gain, gonad maturity index, fecundity, gonad maturity level, and egg diameter. The results showed that the administration of Oodev hormone and turmeric powder in feed had a significant effect on the measured parameters. The absolute weight showed the highest results in P2 treatment of 20.7 g. P2 treatment also had the highest gonad maturity index of 18.35%; best fecundity of up to 2,560 eggs; and the largest egg diameter of 1.10 mm. This study concludes that the combination of Oodev hormones and tumeric flour is sufficient to accelerate gonadal maturity of O. kappeni.
KINERJA PRODUKSI KEPITING BAKAU, Scylla tranquebarica PADA KETINGGIAN AIR DAN UKURAN WADAH BERBEDA Muhlis Muhlis; Tatag Budiardi; Irzal Effendi; Yani Hadiroseyani
Media Akuakultur Vol 16, No 2 (2021): (Desember, 2021)
Publisher : Pusat Riset Perikanan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (145.034 KB) | DOI: 10.15578/ma.16.2.2021.79-86

Abstract

Wadah pemeliharaan merupakan hal yang perlu diperhatikan dan salah satu kunci dalam pertumbuhan, perkembangan, dan produksi kepiting bakau. Salah satu permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam budidaya kepiting bakau adalah kurang tepatnya wadah budidaya yang digunakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan ukuran wadah dan ketinggian air yang tepat untuk budidaya kepiting bakau, Scylla tranquebarica dilihat dari laju pertumbuhan harian dan periode molting. Penelitian dilakukan di tambak masyarakat Desa Mulaeno Kecamatan Poleang Tengah Kabupaten Bombana Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Hewan Uji berupa kepiting bakau ukuran 57,89 ± 2,18 g ekor-1 sebanyak 54 ekor. Pemeliharaan dilakukan selama 60 hari pada wadah single room (1 ekor/wadah) pada ketinggian air berbeda 30, 50, dan 70 cm dengan ukuran wadah yang berbeda yakni 30 cm x 30 cm, 40 cm x 40 cm, dan 50 cm x 50 cm. Wadah pemeliharaan yang digunakan sebanyak 54 unit terbuat dari bambu yang berbentuk seperti kandang (kerangkeng) ditempatkan scara acak pada tambak. Pakan yang diberikan berupa ikan rucah sebanyak 5% dari bobot tubuh dan diberikan pada pagi dan sore hari. Terdapat sembilan perlakuan dan diulang sebanyak enam kali, yakni P33 (ketinggian air 30 cm, ukuran wadah 30 cm x 30 cm), P35 (ketinggian air 50 cm, ukuran wadah 30 cm x 30 cm), P37 (ketinggian air 70 cm, ukuran wadah 30 cm x 30 cm), P43 (ketinggian air 30 cm, ukuran wadah 40 cm x 40 cm), P45 (ketinggian air 50 cm, ukuran wadah 40 cm x 40 cm), P47 (ketinggian air 70 cm, ukuran wadah 40 cm x 40 cm), P53 (ketinggian air 30 cm, ukuran wadah 50 cm x 50 cm), P55 (ketinggian air 50 cm, ukuran wadah 50 cm x 50 cm), P57 (ketinggian air 70 cm, ukuran wadah 50 cm x 50 cm). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada interaksi antara ukuran wadah dan ketinggian air, serta tidak ada pengaruh nyata terhadap kinerja produksi kepiting bakau. Ukuran wadah 30 cm x 30 cm, ketinggian air 30 cm (P33) lebih efektif dan efisien digunakan pada budidaya kepiting bakau menggunakan sistem single room.Specifications of cage farming plays important roles in the growth, suvival, and expected harvest of farmed mud crab. One of the constraints in mud crab farming is that the cages used are not suitable or preferred for the species. The research aimed to determine the proper cage size and water depth for mud crab culture using the growth rate and molting period as the observed parameters. This research was conducted in a pond located in Mulaeno Village, Bombana Regency Central Poleang, Southeast Sulawesi province. The experiment used 54 mud crabs sized between 50 – 70 g. Each crab was kept in a cage sized 30 cm x 30 cm, 40 cm x 40 cm or 50 cm x 50 cm with a stocking density of 1 ind./cage. The cages were positioned at different water levels (30 cm, 50 cm, and 70 cm). The cages were constructed from bamboo , rectangular in shape, and placed randomly in the pond. The feed (trash fish) was given twice daily (morning and afternoon) as much as 5% of the crab body weight. There were nine treatments and each treatment had six replications, i.e, T33 (water depth 30 cm, cage size 30 x 30 cm), T35 (water depth 50 cm, cage size 30 x 30 cm), T37 (water depth 70 cm, cage size 30 x 30 cm), T43 (water depth 30 cm , cage size 40 x 40 cm), T45 (water depth 50 cm, cage size 40 x 40 cm), T47 (water depth 70 cm, cage size 40 x 40 cm), T53 (water depth 30 cm, cage size 50 x 50 cm), T55 (water depth 50 cm, cage size 50 x 50 cm) , T57 (water depth 70 cm, cage size 50 x 50 cm). The results showed that there were no significant influence of the cage sizes and water depths on the production performance of the mud crab. The cage size 30 x 30 cm, and water depth 30 cm (T33) is more effective and efficient in mud crab farm using a single room system.

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