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INDONESIA
SAINS DAN MATEMATIKA
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
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Core Subject : Education,
Mathematics
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Articles 169 Documents
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Model Dinamik Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Indonesia Pasca Krisis Moneter: Suatu Pendekatan Koreksi Kesalahan (Model Koreksi Kesalahan) I Marudani, Di Asih; Wilandari, Yuciana; Safitri, Diah
JURNAL SAINS DAN MATEMATIKA Volume 15 Issue 1 Year 2007
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Abstract

ABSTRACT---Salah satu perkembangan utama pada spesifikasi dinamis adalah Error Correction Model (ECM). ECM dapat dipakai untuk menjelaskan mengapa pelaku ekonomi menghadapi ketidakseimbangan (disequilibrium). Secara khusus, Teorema Representasi Gramger menyatakan bahwa ECM dapat dikatakan valid jika memuat himpunan variabel yang memenuhi uji kointegrasi. Pada hubungan keseimbangan antara xt dan yt adalah : yt = β0 + β1 xt maka dari penurunan rumus diperoleh Error Correction Model : ∆ yt= b1 ∆ xt – λ (yt-1 - β0 - β1 xt-1) + et 0 < λ < 1 Pada penelitian ini, akan diselidiki faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia pasca krisis moneter, yaitu periode 1997(III) – 2004(IV), sebagai studi kasus. Hasil empiris digunakan untuk menyelidiki efek jangka pendek dan jangka panjang dari variabel-variabel penjelas pada model pertumbuhan ekonomi. Dari hasil analisis diperoleh ECM : ∆ln(ĝdp)t = 0.004633 – 0.954748∆ln(kre)t + 0.397869∆ln(eks)t + 0.046700 ∆ln(fdi)t + 0.286713∆ln(kre)t-1– 0.183157∆ln(eks)t-1 – 0.360344∆ln(fdi) t-1 + 0.34592ECT Dan model jangka panjang yang dihasilkan adalah : ln (ĝdp)t= 0.013418 + 1.828841 ln(kre) + 0.470522 ln(eks) – 0.041697 ln (fdi) Kata kunci : Model Koreksi Kesalahan, kointegrasi, stasioneritas
Effect of Series Circuit on the Lactose Bioelectricity of a Microbial Fuel Cell System using Lactobacillus bulgaricus Hayati, Dini Noor; Nuryanto, Rahmad; Suyati, Linda
JURNAL SAINS DAN MATEMATIKA Volume 23 Issue 3 Year 2015
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Abstract

The need for alternative energy, especially electricity at this time is increasing. The decreasing amount of fuel that cannot be updated, encouraging scientists to conduct researches in finding alternative energy sources which are environmentally friendly, one of the alternative energy is the Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC). The research on the effects of a series circuit on the production of lactose bioelectricity microbial fuel cell system using Lactobacillus bulgaricus has been conducted. This study aim was to assess the effect on the production series circuit lactose bioelectricity MFC system using microbes Lactobacillus bulgaricus. Stages of research included a microorganism preparation of Lactobacillus bulgaricus, and measuring the potential difference in a single, series 1 and series 2 circuits in the MFC system. The potential difference on the measurement of a single, series 1 and series 2 on the substrate lactose were 45 mV / 100mL; 57 mV / 100mL; 58 mV / 100mL respectively where the power were 105.75x10-6 mW; 136x10-6 mW; 139.2x10-6 mW. These results suggested that series circuit was able to increase the potential difference and power on the substrate lactose and tofu whey the MFC system according to Ohm’s law. Keywords: Lactose, microbial fuel cell, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, a series circuit
PENGARUH AKTIVASI ZEOLIT DENGAN KMnO4 , K2S2O8 DAN H2SO4 TERHADAP ADSORPSIFITAS ION Na+ DAN Mg2+ DIUJIKAN PADA AIR TANAH KARIMUNJAWA BLOK I Ekawati, Rini; Taslimah, Taslimah; Pardoyo, Pardoyo
JURNAL SAINS DAN MATEMATIKA Volume 18 Issue 4 Year 2010
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Abstract

ABSTRAK---Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengaktivasi zeolit alam menggunakan H2SO4, KMnO4 dan K2S2O8 untuk mengadsorpsi ion Na+ dan Mg2+ dalam air tanah Karimunjawa Blok I. Perlakuan meliputi proses refluks dalam campuran H2SO4-KMnO4 atau H2SO4-K2S2O8 pada suhu 80 ºC selama 5 jam, dilanjutkan pencucian sampai pH mendekati netral dan pengeringan pada suhu 80 ºC selama 12 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aktivasi dengan H2SO4-KMnO4 meningkatkan rasio Si/Al dari 5,46 menjadi 7,84, luas permukaan, volume dan ukuran pori. Sedangkan dengan H2SO4-K2S2O8 meningkatkan rasio Si/Al menjadi 6,38, luas permukaan dan volume pori sebaliknya ukuran pori mengalami penurunan. Zeolit aktivasi dengan H2SO4-KMnO4 mempunyai daya adsorpsi terhadap ion Na+ dan Mg2+ paling besar dibanding dengan zeolit aktivasi dengan H2SO4-K2S2O8 dan zeolit alam. Persentase penurunan ion Na+ berturut-turut 80,38%, 54,24% dan 31,28% dari kadar Na+ mula-mula 784,74 ppm sedangkan ion Mg2+ berturut turut 22,47%, 17,05% dan 15,93% dari kadar Mg2+ mula-mula 477,19 ppm.Kata kunci: aktivasi zeolit, ion Na+ dan Mg+, karimunjawa SUMMARY---It has been done a research to activate natural zeolite with H2SO4, KMnO4 and K2S2O8 to adsorp Na+ and Mg2+ ions in groundwater of Karimunjawa Block I. The treatments of natural zeolite included refluk process in mixture of H2SO4-KMnO4 or H2SO4-K2S2O8 at 80 ºC for 5 hours, and then continued cleaning until neutral pH and dried at 80 ºC for 12 hours. The result showed that activation using H2SO4-KMnO4 increased Si/Al ratio from 5.46 to 7.84, surface area, total pore volume, and average of pore radius. While using H2SO4-K2S2O8 increased Si/Al ratio to 6.38, surface area, and total pore volume otherwise the average of poreradius decreased. Adsorption Na+ and Mg2+ ions of activated zeolite by H2SO4-KMnO4 was highest compared tothe activated zeolite by H2SO4-K2S2O8 and natural zeolite. The decreasing of precentage of Na+ ions were 80.38%, 54.24% and 31.28% from the first concentration 784.74 ppm since Mg2+ ions were 22.47%, 17.05% and 15.93% from the first concentration 477.19 ppm.Keywords: zeolite activation, Na+ and Mg2+ ions, karimunjawa
The Characteristics of Coconut Phospholipids as Biosurfactants Hudiyanti, D.; Supardi, A.; Nugroho, S.
JURNAL SAINS DAN MATEMATIKA Volume 20 Issue 4 Year 2012
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Abstract

All living cells consist of phospholipids. Phospholipids are known as biosurfactants. Here we report our study of the physico-chemical characteristics of phospholipids derived from coconut endosperm as biosurfactants. We studied the aggregation and emulsification characters. The aggregation proccess was examined by optical microscope. The stability of emulsi formed was montitored at different temperature and pH. Where as emulsification capability was investigated by constructing a ternary diagram. Depending on the amount of phospholipids and additive substances the emulsification capability changes. The coconut phospholipids will form vesicles in various size (polydisperse). We noticed that coconut phospholipids emulsification stability was affected by temperature, pH, and phospholipids composition. It can be concluded that the prospect of phospholipids from coconut endosperm as biosurfactants is promising.   Keywords: coconut phospholipid, emulsification capability, aggregation, ternary diagram, vesicle.
KOMUNITAS DIATOM PADA EKOSISTEM MANGROVE PANTAI UTARA JAWA TENGAH R. Soeprobowati, Tri Retnaningsih; W.A. Suedy, Sri
JURNAL SAINS DAN MATEMATIKA Volume 18 Issue 3 Year 2010
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Abstract

Diatom is a unique microalgae, undoubtly good bioindicator of water quality, andable to be usedf or paleoreconstructione nvironmentacl hangesI.t s relatedt o the silicious frustule,t hat remainpreserved in the sediment. Diatom have widespread distribution, including in the mangrove ecosystem.Mangrove€ cosystema lso unique, influenceb y freshwatera nd salinew ater, therefore,t he biodiversity in themangrovee cosystema re very high. However,t he sharpd egradationo f mangrovee cosystemin the NorthernCoast of Central might reduce the biodiversity, particularly diatom. This research is conducted in order tostudy the diatom community vertically in the Norther Coast of Central Java and their correlation with waterquallty. From 54 sediments amples, 147 diatoms speciesw are identified, 10.88% of Centrophycidaea nd89.12o/o of PennatophycidaeP. lanktonic and benthonic ( epifitic, epilitic and epipelic) diatoms werecomposed iatoms community in the mangrovee cosystemF. reshwaterd iatom have an important role in themangreovee cosystemi,n dicatedb y the dominanceo f freshwaterd iatOmsin all sites.permalink : http://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/sm/article/view/2850
Keragaman Serangga dan Perannya di Ekosistem Sawah (Insect Diversity and its Role in Wetland Ecosystems) Hadi, Mochamad; Aminah, Aminah
JURNAL SAINS DAN MATEMATIKA Volume 20 Issue 3 Year 2012
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Abstract

Ekosistem sawah merupakan faktor penting dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan pangan. Keanekaragaman hayati seperti jenis-jenis tanaman, hewan, dan mikroorganisme yang ada dan berinteraksi dalam suatu ekosistem sawah sangat menentukan tingkat produktivitas pertanian.  Serangga sebagai salah satu komponen ekosistem sawah memiliki peranan penting dalam jaring makanan yaitu sebagai herbivora, karnivora (predator dan parasitoid), dan detritivora. Di dalam ekosistem sawah terdapat berbagai macam jenis serangga yang hidup dan tinggal di ekosistem sawah tersebut. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji keanekaragaman serangga dan menganalisis peranan serangga yang ditemukan dalam ekosistem sawah. Penelitian dilakukan di lahan sawah di Kelurahan Pedalangan Kecamatan Tembalang Kota Semarang. Metoda penelitian menggunakan metoda perangkap sumuran (pit fall traps), perangkap lampu (light traps) dan perangkap nampan kuning (yellow tray traps). Hasil yang diperoleh nampak bahwa serangga yang didapatkan dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok berdasarkan peranannya yaitu serangga herbivor, serangga predator, serangga parasitoid dan serangga detritivor. Dari semua jenis serangga yang teridentifikasi maka 49.6% diantaranya adalah serangga herbivor, 46.1% merupakan serangga predator, 3.5% merupakan serangga parasitoid dan 0.6% adalah serangga detritivor. Keanekaragaman serangga yang ditemukan di lahan sawah adalah dengan perangkap sumuran diperoleh 23 spesies dalam 14 famili dalam 8 ordo, dengan perangkap lampu diperoleh 9 spesies dalam 7 famili dari 4 ordo, dengan perangkap nampan kuning diperoleh 8 spesies dalam 6 famili dan 3  ordo. Kata kunci : keanekaragaman serangga, peranan serangga, ekosistem sawah. Rice ecosystems is an important factor in meeting food needs . Biodiversity such as the types of plants , animals , and microorganisms that exist and interact in a rice field ecosystem will determine the level of agricultural productivity . Insects as one component of rice ecosystems have an important role in the food web that is as herbivores , carnivores ( predators and parasitoids ) , and detritivora . In the rice field ecosystem there are many types of insects that live and work in the rice field ecosystem . The study aims to assess the diversity of insects and analyze the role of insects found in the rice ecosystem . The study was conducted in paddy fields in the village of Semarang District Tembalang puppetry . Research method using trap method pitting ( pit fall traps), light traps ( light traps ) and traps yellow tray ( tray yellow traps) . The results obtained it appears that the insects were divided into 4 groups based on the role that herbivor insects, insect predators , parasitoids and insect insect detritivor . Of all the types of insects identified 49.6 % of them are herbivor insect, an insect predator 46.1 % , 3.5 % is 0.6 % and the parasitoid insects are insects detritivor . Diversity of insects found in the fields is to trap the wells acquired 23 species in 14 families in 8 orders, with light traps obtained 9 species in 7 families of 4 orders, with yellow tray traps obtained 8 species in 6 families and 3 orders . Keywords : insect diversity, the role of insects, rice ecosystems.
PENGGUNAAN KARAGENAN DARI RUMPUT LAUT (Euceema cotoni) SEBAGAI BAHAN PENDUKUNG (SUPPORT) PADA AMOBILISASI ENZIM PAPPAIN Wuryanti, Wuryanti
JURNAL SAINS DAN MATEMATIKA Volume 17 Issue 1 Year 2009
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Abstract

ABSTRAK-Untuk menjaga kestabilan enzim hasil isolasi dilakukan amobilisasi enzim dengan metode penjeratan pada kagenan. Pada metode ini enzim dijerat oleh karagenan yang berfungsi sebagai matriks pendukung. Hasil amobil  mengalami  perubatrm  kondisi  optimum.  Sebelum  dilakukan  amobilisasi enzim papain memiliki pH optimum sebesar 5,0 dan suhu opimum sebesar 35o C, amobilisasi enzim memiliki pH optimum 6,0 ; suhu opimum 41o C dan aktifitas spesifik enzim amobil dapat dipertahankan hingga pemakaian dua kali. Kata  kunci  : Karagenan, Support,  Amobilisasi, Aktivitas spesifik
Prediction of 2D Isodose Curve on Arbitrary Field Size in Radiation Treatment Planning System (RTPS) Nugraheni, Dewi Tri; Gunawan, Vincensius; Anam, Choirul
JURNAL SAINS DAN MATEMATIKA Volume 23 Issue 1 Year 2015
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Abstract

The study on prediction of 2D isodose curves for atbitrary field size has been done. Isodose curve is very useful for plannning and evaluation of doses received by patients in the radiotherapy treatment. The percentage depth dose (PDD) and dose profiles data for standard field size (square) were obtained from measurements in the Kensaras hospital, Semarang Regency. Dose profiles were taken at a depth of 1.5 cm and a radiation source to skin distance (SSD) of 100 cm. The calculation of PDD data in any field size uses linear interpolation method. While the calculation of the dose profile curve uses the widening, narrowing and weighting interpolation method. Firstly, the calculation of PDD and dose profile for standard field sizes of 3x3, 10x10, 15x15 and 20x20 cm2 were carried out and the results were compared to the measurements. Secondly, the PDD and dose profile for arbitrary field sizes 7x7 dan 13x13 cm2 were calculated. After that, the isodose curves for arbitrary field sizes were generated. The results showed that PDD curves of standard field sizes have maximum deviation values < 5% compared to the measurements. While the dose profile curves for field sizes up from 5x5 cm2 have maximum deviation values approximately 5% which was less than measurement. The profile curve of field size of 3x3 cm2 has maximum deviation value >5%. These results showed that our proposed algorithm was relatively valid. In this study, the PDD, dose profile and isodose curves of arbitrary field sizes 7x7cm2 and 13x13 cm2 were succesfully generated.
Pengamatan Efek Magnetooptis Menggunakan Interferometer Fahrurazi, Michelson; Firdausi, Ketut Sofjan; Budi, Wahyu Setia
JURNAL SAINS DAN MATEMATIKA Volume 14 issue 4 Year 2006
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ABSTRACT---The magnetooptic effect of transparency material such as aquarium glass, acrylic, and micro slide has been studied using Michelson Interferometer. The change of refractive index to magnetic field B is obtained by placement of samples in a coil applied on altered field 0-0,2 T. Results of interferometer test show that change of refractive index is linearly dependent on B for acrylic and slide. However, for aquarium glass, it is on B2 dependency. This result is agreement to previous experiment that the structure of acrylic and slide is formed more regular as B applied. Keywords: Magnetooptic effect, refraction index, interferometer
Degradasi Pewarna Methylene Blue (MB) Menggunakan Fotokatalis WO3/Fe2O3 dengan Perbantuan Cahaya Matahari Widiyandari, Hendri; Syam, Burhanudin
JURNAL SAINS DAN MATEMATIKA Volume 20 Issue 2 Year 2012
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Degradation of dangerous pollutant with photocatalyst under solar or visible light radiation was a smart solution for environment pollution complication specifically for wastewater. an efficient photocatalyst which works at under wide spectrum from solar radiation. We reported the of tungsten oxide/ferric oxide (WO3/Fe2O3) composite with 6 variant weight ratio Fe additve (0%, 2%, 4%, and 6%).. Methylene blue photodegradation result showed, the decrease intensity of C/C0 concentration  more faster and constant especially for 6% additive co-catalyst Fe. Then, the photodegradation sample has result more pure than 5 sample others.   Keywords: WO3/Fe2O3, Photodegradation, photodeposition method, composite material, co-catalyst

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