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HAYATI Journal of Biosciences

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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

ISSN : 19783019 EISSN : 20864094 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences

HAYATI Journal of Biosciences (HAYATI J Biosci) publishes articles and short communication in tropical bioscience fields such as development, biotechnology, biodiversity and environmental issues. HAYATI J Biosci covers wide range of all life forms topics including virus, microbes, fungi, plants, animal and human. HAYATI J Biosci has been also indexed/registered in Crossref, DOAJ, CABI, EBSCO, Agricola and ProQuest.

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Articles 777 Documents

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Isolation of MA-ACS Gene Family and Expression Study of MA-ACS1 Gene in Musa acuminata Cultivar Pisang Ambon Lumut LISTYA UTAMI KARMAWAN; SONY SUHANDONO; FENNY MARTHA DWIVANY
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 16 No. 1 (2009): March 2009
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Musa acuminata cultivar pisang ambon lumut is a native climacteric fruit from Indonesia. Climacteric fruit ripening process is triggered by the gaseous plant hormone ethylene. The rate limiting enzyme involved in ethylene biosynthesis is ACC synthase (ACS) which is encoded by ACS gene family. The objective of this study is to identify MA-ACS gene family in M. acuminata cultivar pisang ambon lumut and to study the MA-ACS1 gene expression. The result showed that there were nine M. acuminata ACS gene family members called MA-ACS1–9. Two of them (MA-ACS1 and MA-ACS2) were assessed using reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) for gene expression study and it was only MA-ACS1 correlated with fruit ripening. The MA-ACS1 gene fragment has been successfully isolated and characterized and it has three introns, four exons, and one stop codon. It also shows highest homology with MACS1 gene from M. acuminata cultivar Hsian Jien Chiao (GenBank accession number AF056164). Expression analysis of MA-ACS1 using quantitative PCR (qPCR) showed that MA-ACS1 gene expression increased significantly in the third day, reached maximum at the fifth day, and then decreased in the seventh day after harvesting. The qPCR expression analysis result correlated with the result of physical analysis during fruit ripening. Key words: pisang ambon lumut, MA-ACS gene family, gene characterization, gene expression, quantitative PCR (qPCR)

The Use of HIS6 Gene as a Selectable Marker for Yeast Vector I MADE ARTIKA
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 16 No. 1 (2009): March 2009
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae HIS6 gene has been shown to be functional as a selectable marker for selecting and maintaining a yeast vector in yeast S. cerevisiae host cells. The yeast HIS6 gene encodes an enzyme involved in the yeast histidine biosynthesis. The yeast HIS6 gene was cloned into a yeast expression vector. The resultant recombinant plasmid was introduced into yeast host cells defective in endogenous HIS6 gene. The functionality of the HIS6 gene as a selectable marker was tested by growing transformed cells on selective minimum medium lacking histidine supplementation. Key words: HIS6 gene, selectable marker, vector, transformation, yeast

Population Size Effects on Progeny Performance in Banksia ilicifolia R. Br. (Proteaceae) BAMBANG HELIYANTO; TIANHUA HE; HANS LAMBERS; ERIK J. VENEKLAAS; SIEGFRIED L. KRAUSS
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 16 No. 2 (2009): June 2009
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

A reduction in population size due to land clearing and habitat fragmentation may have negative effects on plant fitness. A relationship between population size and progeny performance for four small (n < 20 plants) and four large (n > 100 plants) populations of Banksia ilicifolia, a widespread but naturally fragmented species in south-western Australia, was assessed. Seeds collected from the field were germinated and a comparative growth study conducted in a greenhouse. After six months, the survival rate of seedlings from larger populations was double (36%) that of smaller populations, while germination rates and other measures of growth performance were independent of population size. The conservation and management implications of reduced fitness associated with small population size in B. ilicifolia are discussed. Key words: population size effect, fragmentation, Banksia ilicifolia, growth study

Cloning ORF2 Membrane Protein of Koi Herpesvirus Lake Toba, Indonesian Isolate MURWANTOKO MURWANTOKO
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 16 No. 2 (2009): June 2009
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Koi herpesvirus (KHV) caused significant morbidity and mortality in koi and common carp. KHV which showed strong antigenic property implied that KHV virion or proteins may be used as antigen to raise antibody or vaccine to increase the resistance. The objectives of this research were to (i) clone KHV membrane protein ORF2, (ii) analysis on immunogenicity, and (iii) genetic tracing. Based on genbank data, one pair of primers was designed to amplify KHV ORF2. The KHV ORF2 can be amplified using infected fish DNA which originally from Toba Lake, Sumatera, Indonesia. The KHV ORF2 composed of 699 nucleotides encoded for 292 amino acids. BLAST analysis showed that KHV ORF2 had 100% homology with KHV-J and KHV0301 strains from Japan; 98 and 91% homology on nucleotides and amino acids respectively with both KHV-U strain from Unites State and KHV-I strain from Israel. KHV in Indonesia was most likely to have originated from Japan via spreading directly or not directly to China or Hongkong. Based on T- and B-cell epitopes prediction, membrane protein ORF2 was proposed has a potency to be used in development vaccine and immunodetection. Key words: genetic tracing, koi herpesvirus (KHV), membrane protein, ORF2

Isolation, Characterization, and Genetic Diversity of Ice Nucleation Active Bacteria on Various Plants DIANA ELIZABETH WATURANGI; AMELIA TJHEN
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 16 No. 2 (2009): June 2009
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Ice nucleation active (INA) bacteria is a group of bacteria with the ability to catalyze the ice formation at temperature above -10 oC and causing frost injury in plants. Since, most of the literature on INA bacteria were from subtropical area, studies of INA bacteria from tropical area are needed. We sampled eight fruits and 36 leaves of 21 plant species, and then identified through biochemical and genetic analysis. INA bacteria were characterized for INA protein classification, pH stability, and optimization of heat endurance. We discovered 15 INA bacteria from seven plants species. Most of bacteria are oxidase and H2S negative, catalase and citrate positive, gram negative, and cocoid formed. These INA bacteria were classified in to three classes based on their freezing temperature. Most of the isolates were active in heat and pH stability assay. Some isolates were analysed for 16S rRNA gene. We observed that isolates from Morinda citrifolia shared 97% similiarity with Pseudomonas sp. Isolate from Piper betle shared 93% similarity with P. pseudoalcaligenes. Isolate from Carica papaya shared 94% similarity with Pseudomonas sp. While isolate from Fragaria vesca shared 90% similarity with Sphingomonas sp. Key words: INA bacteria, isolation, characterization, genetic diversity, plants

Lack of Atherosclerotic Lesion Progression on Severe Hyperlipidemic Rabbits DIMAS ANDRIANTO; SULISTIYANI SULISTIYANI; LATIFAH KOSIM DARUSMAN; HASIM DANURI
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 16 No. 2 (2009): June 2009
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

In human, coronary heart disease causes by severe pathological atherosclerosis. In this study, we established animal model to study atherosclerosis caused by hyperlipidemia. This study therefore was undertaken to define the effect of increasing atherosclerosis risk factor, include body weight as well as age, cholesterol concentration and dietary fat in rabbit chow, and time of treatment. Male New Zealand White rabbits were divided into 4 groups; Group I and III were consisted of 2 months rabbit were fed with standard rabbit chow. To introduce atherosclerosis, the chow for Group II was contained 0.25% cholesterol and 5% palm oil; whereas the chow for group IV was contained 0.5% cholesterol and 5% coconut oil to induce higher atherosclerotic lesion. Results showed that group II and IV developed hyperlipidemia. However, aortic cholesterol concentration in those groups did not different significantly (P > 0.05). We suggest that low carbohydrate composition in diet, 50% lower compared to the previous researches, was able to increase high-density lipoprotein (HDL) concentration. This study demonstrated the complex interactions between low carbohydrate diet and cholesterol metabolism and the dramatic effects of reducing atherosclerosis risk factor; however, even though hyperlipidemic condition was achieved, total plasma cholesterol HDL ratio was maintained low. Key words: atherosclerosis, hyperlipidemia, rabbit, low carbohydrate diet

Morphological and RAPD Analysis of Fusarium Species Associated with Root and Stem Rot of Dendrobium Orchid in Northern Peninsula Malaysia LATIFFAH ZAKARIA; NUR HAYATI M.D. ZAIN; BAHARUDDIN SALLEH; MAZIAH ZAKARIA
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 16 No. 2 (2009): June 2009
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

A total of 29 Fusarium isolates were isolated from Dendrobium orchid showing symptoms of root and stem rots. Based on morphological characteristics, three species were identified namely, F. oxysporum, F. solani, and F. proliferatum which were recovered from root and stem rots of Dendrobium. Cluster analysis of RAPD bands clearly separated F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum, and F. solani into distinct clusters. The present studies showed that three Fusarium species were isolated from root and stem rot of Dendrobium and cluster analysis of RAPD bands was in agreement with morphological characterization of the Fusarium species from root and stem rot of Dendrobium. Key words: orchid, Fusarium, root rot, stem rot, RAPD

Effects of Medium Constituents on Growth and Canthinone Accumulation in Cell Suspension Cultures of Eurycoma longifolia Jack LUTHFI AZIZ MAHMUD SIREGAR; CHAN LAI KENG; BOEY PENG LIM
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 16 No. 2 (2009): June 2009
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

The effect of various macronutrients, micronutrients and sucrose on growth and canthinone alkaloid production in cell suspension cultures of Pasak Bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) was investigated. The optimum macronutrients and micronutrients content for the high alkaloid production of E. longifolia Jack was different to that found in the Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. The highest amount of alkaloids, 9-hydroxycanthin-6-one and 9-methoxycanthin-6-one, could be obtained from E. longifolia Jack cells cultured in modified MS liquid medium that containing macronutrients: 21.50 mM NH4NO3, 14.25 mM KNO3, 7.50 mM CaCl2•2H2O, 2.50 mM MgSO4•7H2O, 1.45 mM KH2PO4, while content of micronutrients was 0.233 mM FeNa-EDTA, 0.215 mM MnSO4•4H2O and without CuSO4•5H2O. Increased sucrose concentration to 4.00% (w/v) in modified MS liquid medium could increase total of two-alkaloid. The modification of macronutrients and micronutrients concentration based the optimum production of biomass was obtained MSBs medium that producing high biomass but also increasing the production of 9-hydroxycanthin-6-one. The modification of macronutrients or macronutrients and micronutrients based the optimum total of two-alkaloid was obtained MSC and MSD medium that producing low fresh weight but producing the high 9-hydroxycanthin-6-one. Key words: Pasak Bumi, 9-hydroxycanthin-6-one, 9-methoxycanthin-6-one, macronutrients, micronutrients, sucrose

Severe Outbreak of a Yellow Mosaic Disease on the Yard Long Bean in Bogor, West Java TRI ASMIRA DAMAYANTI; OLUFEMI JOSEPH ALABI; RAYAPATI ADIKESAVULU NAIDU; AUNU RAUF
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 16 No. 2 (2009): June 2009
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

During 2008 crop season, an outbreak of severe yellow mosaic disease on yard long bean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. Sesquipedalis) occurred in several farmers’ fields in West Java. Yard long bean var. Parade inoculated manually with extracts from symptomatic leaves showed the symptoms indicating the presence of virus. Symptomatic leaf samples tested positive in enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with antibodies to group specific Potyvirus and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Total RNA derived from symptomatic leaves was subjected to reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using primers specific to the cylindrical inclusion (CI) protein of potyviruses and CMV coat protein (CP) specific primers. Pair wise comparison of sequences obtained from cloned RT-PCR products with corresponding nucleotide sequences in the GenBank confirmed the presence of Bean common mosaic virus strain Blackeye (BCMV-BlC) and CMV in the symptomatic beans. Sequences of BCMV and CMV isolates from the beans showed maximum nucleotide sequence identities (92-97%) and (90%), respectively with BCMV-BIC and CMV isolates from Taiwan. Each virus isolate also clustered closely with corresponding isolates from Taiwan in a phylogenetic analyses. These results provide first evidence of the occurrence of multiple infection of BCMV-BIC and CMV in the yard long been from Bogor, West Java. Key words: yard long bean, BCMV-BIC, CMV, Bogor Indonesia

Clustering of Brown Planthopper Biotype Based on RAPD-PCR BAHAGIAWATI BAHAGIAWATI; HABIB RIJZAANI
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 12 No. 1 (2005): March 2005
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was used to differentiate two brown planthopper biotypes, that were multiplied in the greenhouse. Ten selected random decamer RAPD primers produced unique DNA band patterns for each individual brown planthopper. However, no single primer produced DNA band that could differentiate the two brown planthopper biotype populations. Nonetheless, analysis of the DNA band patterns was able to cluster the majority of the individual samples according to their respective biotypes. Molecular data analysis also indicated greater genetic variation within biotype population than among biotypes.

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