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Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia

jfiti
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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

ISSN : 02157950 EISSN : 23392479 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia (JFI) is an official publication owned by the Indonesian Phytopathology Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia). In 2010, JFI management was given to PFI Komda Bogor. Since then, JFI has been published 6 times (January, March, May, July, September, and November).

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 344 Documents

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Deteksi dan Identifikasi Dickeya sp. sebagai Organisme Pengganggu Tumbuhan Karantina A2 pada Tanaman Kentang di Jawa Haerani Haerani; Abdjad Asih Nawangsih; Tri Asmira Damayanti
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 4 (2015)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Erwinia chrysanthemi (currently Dickeya sp.) is one of the A2 quarantine pest that must be concerned of its distribution on potato in Indonesia. The aim of this study is to detect and identify E. chrysanthemi from potato in Java. A total of 400 samples of potato plants showing symptoms of soft rot were obtained from several potato areas in Pangalengan and Garut (West Java), Dieng (Central Java), and Batu-Malang (East Java). Disease incidence was determined by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (I-ELISA) using polyclonal antiserum. E.chrysanthemi was isolated from plant samples with positive ELISA results. Furthermore, bacterial isolates were characterized by GEN III OmniLog ID System and PCR using specific primers Ec3F/Ec4R, as well as the universal 16S rRNA primer pair of 27F/1429R. The incidence of E. chrysanthemi based on ELISA was obtained. Based on physiological characters; Gram, catalase, oxidase, and oxidation-fermentation, there were 4 isolates similar to the genus of Erwinia. However, the results of Gen III OmniLog System, PCR, and nucleotide sequences analysis of 16S rRNA confirmed that none of the isolates were identified as E.chrysanthemi. Otherwise, those 4 isolates were identified as Pseudomonas oryzihabitans, Pantoea agglomerans, and Pseudomonas viridiflava. The result of this study indicated that the existence of E. chrysanthemi as an A2 quarantine pest on potato in Java can not be confirmed and remains as an A1 quarantine pest.

Deteksi Virus Utama Bawang Merah dan Bawang Putih dari Daerah Jawa Barat dan Jawa Tengah Kadwati Kadwati; Sri Hendrastuti Hidayat
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 4 (2015)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Viral disease has been reported to cause significant effect on production of shallot (A. cepa) and garlic (A. sativum). The study was conducted to detect main viruses from leaves and bulbs of shallot and garlic using specific antibodies by ELISA method. Leaf and bulb samples was collected from West Java (Bandung, Bogor and Cirebon), Central Java (Brebes), and Yogyakarta (Bantul). Single as well as mix infection of GCLV, SLV, and Potyvirus was successfully detected using specific antibodies. The average percentage of virus infection in the crop ranged from 11.2–14.3% on shallot, and 14.3% on garlic; whereas in the bulb ranged from 11.2–13.3% on shallot, and 9.18% on garlic.

Perlakuan Panas Kering dan Bakterisida untuk Menekan Infeksi Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii pada Benih Jagung Manis Suswi Nalis; Gede Suastika; Giyanto Giyanto
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 4 (2015)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Stewart’s Wilt is an important bacterial disease of sweet corn caused by Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii (synonim Erwinia stewartii). This bacteria is a seed transmitted pathogen therefore seed treatment is one method to control stewart’s wilt. The aim of this research was to study the effectiveness of dry heat, bactericide treatment, and their combinations to eliminate P. stewartii subsp. stewartii infection on sweet corn seed without damaging seed quality. The research was conducted in 3 experiments. Experiment I was conducted to determine the treatment window of dry heat and bactericide treatment. The treatment was carried out on sweet corn seed using the P. stewartii subsp. stewartii in vitro. Experiment II was conducted to study dry heat and bactericide treatment on sweet corn seed infested by P. stewartii subsp. stewartii. Experiment III was conducted to study combination of dry heat and bactericide treatment on sweet corn seed infested by P. stewartii subsp. stewartii. The results showed that dry heat treatment at 50 °C for 24 hours was able to eliminate pathogen populations in vitro but was unable to eliminate the 128 pathogen on infected seed (in vivo). Germination tests indicated that seed treatments with dry heat up to 55 °C did not decrease the germination level. The use of bactericide treatment in 100 ppm could reduce the population of bacteria on sweet corn seeds. Bactericide concentration of 150 and 200 ppm could decrease the population of bacteria on sweet corn seeds, however it could cause phytotoxic effect. The combination of bactericide (100 ppm, w/v) ) with dry heat treatment (55 °C for 24 hours) was able to eliminate bacteria on infected seed with seed germination above 85%.

Ekspresi Rekombinan Gen Protein Selubung Pepper vein yellows virus Rita Kurnia Apindiati; Gede Suastika; Kikin Hamzah Mutaqin
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 4 (2015)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Pepper vein yellows virus (PeVYV) isolate from Bali have been identified from pepper plants with chlorosis symptoms. Specific antiserum of PeVYV had not available yet commercially. One of the advance techniques in providing a source of abundant antigen for antiserum production is through molecular approach by overexpressed the coat protein gene in suitable bacterial expression system. PeVYV coat protein gene of ~650 bp in size was amplified using specific primers, then was cloned into pQE30 expression vector and was over expressed in E. coli strain M15 [pREP4]. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the recombinant coat protein gene of PeVYV was successfully expressed protein band with size of ~25 kDa at 6 hours after induction by 0.5 mM IPTG on 37 °C.

Identifikasi Nematoda Puru Akar, Meloidogyne graminicola, pada Tanaman Padi di Jawa Barat Mochamad Yadi Nurjayadi; Abdul Munif; Gede Suastika
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 4 (2015)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Root knot nematodes (RKN), Meloidogyne spp. is one of the most important rice pathogen in some regions in the world. Information of RKN on rice plants in West Java is very important because West Java is one of the largest national rice production center. The purpose of this study was to determine and identify the presence of Meloidogyne spp. on rice plants in West Java. Rice plant samples were taken from 7 rice-growing districts in West Java. Typical symptoms of infected rice plants by Meloidogyne spp. are stunting and the formation of root galls. RKN was found to infect rice plants in several areas in Bogor, Cirebon, and Sukabumi. All stadia of the RKN development which include eggs, second, third, and fourth stage jeveniles, adult females and males were found inside the rice root tissues based on nematode staining observation. Morphometric measurements of the body and stylet length, maximum body width, length of the second stage juveniles, and female perineal pattern, indicated that Meloidogyne species found was M. graminicola.

Meloidogyne incognita Penyebab Umbi Berbintil pada Kentang di Beberapa Sentra Produksi Kentang di Jawa Aprilyani Aprilyani; Supramana Supramana; Gede Suastika
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 5 (2015)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Root knot nematodes is an important pathogen on potatoes in tropical and sub-tropical areas. Root knot nematodes contribute a significant impact in reducing the quality and quantity of potato tuber. Meloidogyne incognita is one of the species causing the root knot. This research was conducted to identify M. incognita on potatoes in Java Island based on morphological and DNA molecular characteristic. The infected potato tubers with pimple-like knot symptom were collected from Pangalengan (West Java), Banjarnegara (Central Java), and Kota Batu (East Java). Nematode was identified based on morphological character of perineal pattern, and based on molecular DNA character by polymerase chain reaction technique using a pair of specific primer (MI-F and MI-R), followed by DNA fragment sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Based on morphological character of perineal pattern, M. incognita was detected in all 3 locations; while based on DNA molecular character, and M. incognita was detected in Pangalengan (West Java) and Kota Batu (East Java). M. incognita from Pangalengan had high homology, i.e.99.2% to 99.8% with those isolates from China, India, and Malaysia.

Ketahanan Lapangan Lima Genotipe Padi terhadap Penyakit Hawar Daun Bakteri Rezki Heru Aditya; Wiwiek Sri Wahyuni; Paniman Ashna Mihardjo
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 5 (2015)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Bacterial leaf blight disease caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae is an important disease on rice in Indonesia. Four rice varieties, i.e. Inpari 30, Situbagendit, Luk-ulo and Cibogo has been known to have resistance to the disease. Therefore, they can be used as indicator plants to measure the resistance of any new rice genotypes to the disease. Research was aimed to evaluate field resistance of a new rice line, i.e. line X, with 4 resistant rice varieties as check control. The research was conducted in the field in Wirolegi villages, Sumbersari-Jember with natural infection of X. oryzae. Plant resistance was observed by measuring disease incidence (DI) and severity (DS). The highest DI (100%) was reached by all genotypes in different age. At 90 days after planting, DS of line X reached 11.85% which is far low compared to DS of var Situbagendit (40.25%). Based on DI and DS, line X is considered to have the best resistance to the disease, i.e. resistant in vegetative phase and moderately resistant in generative phase. However, the strain of X. oryzae infecting the plants in the field was unknown.

Risiko Introduksi Gandum ke Timor Tengah Utara: Penyakit Hawar Daun dan Busuk Batang Aloysius Rusae; Efi Toding Tondok; Suryo Wiyono
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 5 (2015)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Wheat has a great potency to be cultivated in Timor Tengah Utara (TTU). However, disease is one of the risks for introduction of wheat. The existence of wheat disease in TTU is unknown because wheat has never been grown in this area. This study aims to determine the potential risks of major diseases that will infect wheat plants when introduced to the TTU. The methods used in this study consisted of wheat cultivation in the field, followed by observation and identification of the main diseases on wheat. Wheat varieties grown in field were Dewata, Selayar and Nias. Koch’s postulate were performed to identify the suspected microbes as pathogens. Morphological-based identification was applied on the isolated pathogens. The main diseases on wheat cultivated in TTU were leaf blight and stem rot. The results of Koch’s postulate showed that Helminthosporium gramineum was the causal of leaf blight and Rhizoctonia sp. was the causal of stem rot. Disease incidence reached 82–93% and 11–22% for leaf bligh and stem rot disease, respectively. Disease severity of leaf blight and stem rot disease on var. Dewata was the lowest compared to var. Selayar and var. Nias.

Laporan Pertama Infeksi Begomovirus pada Tanaman Mentimun di Bali I Dewa Made Putra Wiratama; Gusti Ngurah Alit Susanta Wirya; I Dewa Nyoman Nyana; Ni Nengah Putri Adnyani; Gede Suastika
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 5 (2015)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Leaf yellowing symptoms was commonly found in cucumber plants in Bali provinces, i.e. in Apuan and Bangli villages recently. Begomovirus infection is suspected as the causal agent, due to similar symptoms previously reported from cucumber plants in Java. In addition, Bemisia tabaci was observed in the field. The objective of this research was to identify the causal agent of leaf yellowing disease of cucumber in Bali. Virus detection and identification was conducted by polymerase chain reaction method using universal primers for Begomovirus, i.e. SPG1/SPG2. DNA fragment of 912 bp in size was successfully amplified from leaf samples. Analysis of nucleotide sequencing indicated that Begomovirus infecting cucumber plants in Bali has the highest homology (91%) with Squash leaf curl China virus (SLCCNV) isolate from Malaysia. This is the first report of SLCCNV infection in Bali.

Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Sirih dan Metode Ekstraksinya Dalam Menghambat Penyakit Antraknosa pada Cabai Pascapanen Desi Trisnawati; Lilik Pujantoro Eko Nugroho; Efi Toding Tondok
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 15 No 6 (2019)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Extract of Piper betle as An Inhibitor of Anthracnose Postharvest Disease on Chili Pepper Chili is a horticultural commodity that mostly needed by consumers in the fresh condition. However, there is an interval of time needed to deliver it from producers (farmers) to consumers. During the supply chain, deterioration of the quality of chilli fruit can occur by the presence of anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum spp. The use of syntetic fungicides to control anthracnose disease is not recommended because it will leave residues that are harmful to consumers. The alternative that can be done is to use botanical pesticides as fungicides. The aim of this research is to study the potential of Piper betle leaves extract (PLE) in inhibiting the development of the antracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum acutatum on the chili during storage. The sequences of this research were strarted with production of PLE by boiling method which was preceded by blanching, chopping, and without treatment of betel leaves, then bioassay of betel extract by measuring the diameter of fungus growth on PDA+ PLE. The third test was application of PLE on fresh chili fruits by spraying and soaking, continued by observed the antracnoseinsidence on chili during storage time (21 days). The results showed that the chopping method was the best betel leaf extraction method among other treatments, the use of 10% PLE concentration was the most effective concentration in inhibiting the growth of C. acutatum in vitro, spraying treatment using 10% EDS was the most effective in inhibited the insidence of anthracnose disease.

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