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Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia

jfiti
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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

ISSN : 02157950 EISSN : 23392479 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia (JFI) is an official publication owned by the Indonesian Phytopathology Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia). In 2010, JFI management was given to PFI Komda Bogor. Since then, JFI has been published 6 times (January, March, May, July, September, and November).

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 361 Documents

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Laporan Pertama tentang Penyakit Busuk Arang pada Kacang Tanah Suryo Wiyono; Widodo .
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Peanut charcoal rot disease was first observed in Bogor,West Java in June 2010, and Serang, Banten in January 2012. Infected plants in the field showed root and stem rot, discoloration of stems and/or branches. Severe infection may cause wilting of foliage then plant dried out. Based on microscopic observation Macrophomina phaseolina was constantly associated with diseased plants from those two areas. Hot temperature and low rainfall might favour disease development. This is the first report of charcoal rot disease of peanut in West Java and Banten. Key words: charcoal rot, Macrophomina phaseolina, peanut

Isolasi Bakteri Endofit Asal Padi Gogo dan Potensinya sebagai Agens Biokontrol dan Pemacu Pertumbuhan Abdul Munif; Suryo Wiyono; Suwarno .
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 3 (2012)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Studies on endophytic bacteria has been increasing recently due to its potency to promote plant growth and induce plant tolerance to pests and diseases. The research was undergone to isolate endophytic bacteria from different varieties of upland rice from various growing regions in Indonesia, followed by evaluation of their biocontrol and plant growth activities. Isolation of endophytic bacteria was based-on surface-sterilized method using alcohol and NaOCl on trypsic soy agar (TSA) media. More than 200 isolates was successfully isolated and the selected isolates were subjected to in vitro assay for their ability to produce antibiotic and promote plant growth. The result showed 41 isolates of endophytic bacteria had antibiosis activity to Rhizoctonia solani, 25 isolates to Pyricularia grisea on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium and 8 isolates showed antibiosis activity to both R. solani and P. grisea on both PDA and TSA. The result of plant growth test, showed 12 isolates of endophytic bacteria induced the growth of root and shoot of rice plant.This indicated that some of the endophytic bacteria have the potency as biocontrol agents and inducer of plant growth.Key words: endophytic bacteria, Pyricularia grisea, Rhizoctonia solani, upland rice

Penularan Potyvirus Penyebab Penyakit Mosaik pada Tanaman Nilam melalui Vektor Aphis gossypii Rita Noveriza; Gede Suastika; Sri Hendrastuti Hidayat; Utomo Kartosuwondo
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 3 (2012)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin) is an economically important plant due to its capability to produce essential oil, i.e. patchouli oil. Pest and diseases may contribute to low production of patchouli oil in Indonesia. Aphids are commonly found associated with patchouli plants showing mosaic symptoms, indicated possible relationship between aphids and mosaic virus. Early diagnosis showed that mosaic disease on patchouli is caused by Potyvirus infection. A study was conducted to identify those aphid species and to examine relationship between the aphid species and mosaic virus. Two aphid species commonly found in patchouli plants in Indonesia are Aphis gossypii and Brachycaudus sp. Further study on the ability of A. gossypii to transmit Potyvirus revealed the possible non-persistent relationship, with 25 min optimum pre-acquisition starvation, 15 min acquisition period and 4 hours optimum inoculation feeding period, respectively.Key words: Aphis gossypii, Brachycaudus, nilam, Pogostemon cablin, Potyvirus

Identifikasi Spesies Meloidogyne spp. Penyebab Umbi Bercabang pada Tanaman Wortel di Jawa Timur Zalzilatul Hikmia Hikmia; Supramana .; Gede Suastika
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 3 (2012)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Branched tuber is a new disease in carrot cultivation in Indonesia and has caused big losses for farmers. In 2010, several species of root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., were reported as the primary cause of disease and the yield loss due to the disease in the region of Agropolitan-Cianjur, West Java, reached 15% to 95%. Symptoms of tuber branching has also been reported in one of the centers of vegetable production in East Java, in the subdistrict of Bumiaji, Kota Batu. Research aimed at identifying Meloidogyne species on carrot was carried out on carrot plantation. The study consisted of two activities, i.e. surveillance and identification. Surveillance was carried out at three different altitudes/elevations, i.e. 1600 m, 1700 m and 1800 m asl (above sea level). Identification was done by PCR ITS r-DNA using multiplex primer for mix spesies identification of M. hapla, M. fallax, and M. chitwoodi and the spesific primer for identification of M. arenaria, M. incognita, and M. javanica. Identification based on ITS r-NA by PCR gave positive results for four species, namely M. hapla, M. arenaria, M. incognita, and M. javanica.Key words: branched tuber disease, carrot, Meloidogyne, PCR ITS r-DNA

Identifikasi Rizobakteria Asal Tanaman Cabai Berdasarkan Sekuen Gen 16S rRNA Jumsu Trisno; Yusniwati .
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 3 (2012)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Rhizobacteria was reported to have a potential role as inducer of systemic resistance in several host plants. Five isolates of rhizobacteria (RbTD1-3, RbTD1-8, RbPdGN-3, RbAg1-5, RbLPK1-9) were isolated from rhizosphere of chillipepper plants in West Sumatera. Identification of rhizobacteria was conducted by polymerase chain reaction using primers 27F and 1525R which amplified 16S rRNA region. DNA fragment of 1.5 kb was succesfully amplified from 4 isolates (RbLPK1-9, RbPdGN-3, RbTD1-3 and RbTD1-8) and subjected to direct sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis based-on 16S rRNA sequences showed that isolate RbLPK1-9 has a close relationship with Pseudomonas fluorescen Biotipe G (92%), whereas isolates RbTD1-3, RbTD1-8 and RbPdGN-3 have a close relationship with Bacillus subtilis 10407 (57%).Key words: polymerase chain reaction, rhizobacteria, 16S rRNA

Sapu pada Kacang Hias (Arachis pintoi): Penyakit Baru yang Berasosiasi dengan Fitoplasma Budiyarto .; Kikin Hamzah Mutaqin
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 3 (2012)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Pinto peanut (Arachis pintoi) witches’ broom is a new disease found in Bogor at high incidence and has not yet been reported elsewhere. Symptom type of the disease is very similar to that of peanut (A. hypogea) witches’ broom, which has been well known to be associated with phytoplasma. Both A. pintoi and A. hypogea witches’ broom causal agent are transmissible to both healthy A. pintoi or A. hypogea, with grafting or vector transmission using peanut witches’ broom phytoplasma specific vector, Orosius argentatus. All combination of transmission means resulted in an identical type of witches’ broom symptom. Further confirmation using polymerase chain reaction detection and identification of phytoplasma employing universal primer pair for phytoplasmas (P1/P7), showed that all of the diseased plants, either from field or transmitted plants is associated with phytoplasma. The A. pintoi witches’ broom phytoplasma is likely identical to that of A. hypogea.Key words: Arachis pintoi, Orosius argentatus, phytoplasma, witches’ broom

Pemanfaatan Kitosan untuk Mengendalikan Antraknosa pada Pepaya (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) dan Meningkatkan Daya Simpan Buah Rita Yunita; Nurul Nisa Amin; Tri Asmira Damayanti
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 8 No 4 (2012)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) is an important disease infecting fleshy fruits. The efficacy of chitosan to suppress C. gloeosporioides infection and its ability to increase the length of fruit storage was evaluated. C. gloeosporioides was isolated and purified from mature papaya. Chitosan was mixed in the potato dextrose agar, and sprayed on the surface of papaya fruit with the concentration of 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1%. It showed that chitosan concentration of 0.75-1% inhibited C. gloeosporioides growth in vitro up to 72.17-85.21%. Application of chitosan on fruit at concentration of 0.25% suppressed the disease incidence and severity; whereas chitosan concentration of 0.75% was able to suppress the disease incidence, severity, and increase the length of fruit storage twice longer than control.Key words: anthracnose, chitosan, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, papaya, the length of storage.

Penapisan Bakteri Endofit Akar Kedelai Secara in Planta untuk Mengendalikan Penyakit Pustul Bakteri Trimurti Habazar; Zurai Resti; Yulmira Yanti; Jumsu Trisno; Afrika Diana
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 8 No 4 (2012)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Endophytic bacteria reside within plant hosts without causing disease symptoms. Bacterial endophytes promote plant growth and yield, suppress pathogens, may help to remove contaminants, solubilize phosphate, or contribute assimilable nitrogen to plants. The aim of this study were to obtain indigenous endophytic bacterial isolates, which have the ability to control bacterial pustule cause by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines and to increase growth and yield of soybean. The bacterial endophyte isolates were introduced as seed treatment (108 cfu/ml) and soil drench on 3 weeks old soybean seedling. Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines were inoculated on one month old of soybean by pricking leaf methodes. The effect of bacterial endophyte on disease incidence, disease severity, plant growth and yield of soybean were evaluated. We have found two selected bacterial endophyte isolates from soybean’s rhizosphere (St4E1.1 and St1E1.1.), with the ability to control bacterial pustule and to increase growth and yield of soybean.Key words: bacterial endophyte, bacterial pustule, in planta technique, soybean

Infeksi Cucumber mosaic virus dan Chilli veinal mottle virus pada Cabai di Kabupaten Rejang Lebong, Bengkulu Mimi Sutrawati; Djamilah .; Andreani Kinata
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 8 No 4 (2012)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Mosaic disease caused by Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and Chilli veinal mottle Virus (ChiVMV) has been distributed widely in chilli in Indonesia and considered as important disease. A research was conducted to investigate the spread and incidence of CMV and ChiVMV in Rejang Lebong, Bengkulu and to identify its insect vector. Symptomatic and asymptomatic leaf samples were collected systematically from several chillipepper fields for further detection by DAS-ELISA (Double antibody sandwich-enzyme linked immunosorbant assay) using specific antibody for CMV and ChiVMV. The result showed that infection of both CMV and ChiVMV was found with disease incidence reached 20-50%, whereas infection only by ChiVMV or CMV were 50-80% and 20-50%, respectively. One species of aphid, i.e. Aphis gossypii was found from the fields.Key words: Aphis gossypii, CMV, ChiVMV, disease incidence

Puccinia xanthii Penyebab Bercak Daun pada Xanthium sp. di Indonesia Dono Wahyuno
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 8 No 4 (2012)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

An obligate plant parasitic rust fungi found on leaf of Xanthium sp. that grows wildly in Raihat County, Belu District of East Nusa Tenggara Province. Morphological observation of the fungal structure under compound light microscope revealed the fungus belongs to Puccinia. Spore is pedicelate, the pedicles were hyaline, 10,0-(20,9)-30.0 μm long and 3.8-(4.9)-7.5 μm wide; the teliospores were orange to light brown color, 22.5-43.9)-55.0 μm long, and 15.0-(17.3) 20.0 μm wide; the apical thickening wall present at the spore tip, 3.8-(6.6)-10.0 μm thick and has microcyclic life cycle type. The fungus was identified as Puccinia xanthii and this is the first report the occurrence of the fungus in Indonesia.Key words: leaf spot, Puccinia xanthii, Xanthium

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