cover
Contact Name
Muhammad Yusuf
Contact Email
snast@gmail.com
Phone
+6282282677899
Journal Mail Official
snast@akprind.ac.id
Editorial Address
Institut Sains & Teknologi AKPRIND Jl. Kalisahak 28 Kompleks Balapan Yogyakarta 55222
Location
Kota yogyakarta,
Daerah istimewa yogyakarta
INDONESIA
Prosiding SNAST
ISSN : 1979911X     EISSN : -     DOI : -
SNAST merupakan seminar nasional rutin yang diselenggarakan oleh IST AKPRIND Yogyakarta, sejak tahun 2008 dan diselenggarakan setiap 2 tahun sekali
Articles 200 Documents
ANALISA PERBANDINGAN KEKUATAN TARIK DAN IMPAK KOMPOSIT SERAT JERAMI PADI POLYESTER DENGAN KOMPOSIT SERAT JERAMI PADI - EPOXY DENGAN METODE HAND LAY UP Andi Saidah; Sri Endah Susilowati; Harini _; Yos Nofendri
PROSIDING SNAST Prosiding SNAST 2018
Publisher : IST AKPRIND Yogyakarta

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Abstract

Umumnya jerami padi belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal, jerami padi pada saat ini masih di pergunakan sebagai makanan ternak, bahan pembuatan kertas dan sebagian besar dilakukan pembakaran. Penelitian serat jerami padi ini di manfaatkan sebagai bahan penguat material alternative komposit bumper otomotif. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk membandingakn kekuatan tarik dan impak komposit serat jerami padi polyester dengan komposit serat jerami padi epoxy sebagai dengan menggunakan metode hand layup dengan variasi fraksi volume serat 10%, 20%, 30% , dan 40% . Hasil pengujian menunjukkan dengan penambahan serat jerami pada komposit serat jerami padi epoxy memberikan dampak positif yaitu memperkuat kekuatan tarik dan impak. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan kekuatan tarik dan impak tertinggi diperoleh pada komposit yang diperkuat serat jerami epoxy dengan vf≈30% yaitu sebesar 14,295 MPa, dan 18,08 J jauh lebih tinggi dibandingkan kekuatan tarik dan impak bahan jerami padi polyester yaitu sebesar 4,78 MPa, dan 0,537 J, dan untuk kekuatan tarik bumper standar sebesar 8,09 GPa sehingga komposit yang diperkuat serat jerami epoxy layak menjadi material alternative dalam pembuatan bumper otomotif jika ditinjau dari kekuatan tarik dan impak jerami padi polyester.
PENERAPAN KERTAS SEMEN BEKAS DALAM STRUKTUR DESAIN KURSI DENGAN TEKNIK LAMINASI PIPA Kristian Oentoro; Tosan Tri Putro
PROSIDING SNAST Prosiding SNAST 2018
Publisher : IST AKPRIND Yogyakarta

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Abstract

The needs of cement in Indonesia are increasing along with infrastructure development in various regions in Indonesia. Based on data from the Ministry of Industry in 2017, national cement needs have reached 70 tons per year. One of the environmental impacts is a lot of cement stacks in various construction sites. Meanwhile, the thickness and the strength of cement paper is better than the other types of paper because it has gramatur up to 180 gsm, thus capable for packing a weight of 40kg or one sack of cement. The utilization of used cement paper into recycled material is a step to extend the use value and becoming environmentally friendly material. Based on previous research, the compaction of materials through laminated paper cement can be used as a combination of children's furniture and has a hardness value of 2.86 kg / mm2. Whereas in this study, the utilization of used cement paper waste aims to determine the potential for lamination applications in the form of used cement paper pipes as the main material in the chair structures design for adult users. Research and development of chair design adapted the form follows material method which through three main stages, namely identification, visualization and materialization. The results of this study showed that the application of used pipe paper laminated into the chair structure design was able to withstand 132 kg of user load with through connection techniques and the classification of furniture design forms were orthogonal.
PEMBUATAN KERTAS DAUR ULANG DARI LIMBAH SERAT KELAPA MUDA DAN KERTAS BEKAS SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF KERTAS SENI UNTUK INDUSTRI Enda Apriani; Heni Dwi Kurniasari
PROSIDING SNAST Prosiding SNAST 2018
Publisher : IST AKPRIND Yogyakarta

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Abstract

Paper is one of the products produced from the processing of wood fiber, and non-wood plants, as well as secondary fibers derived from waste paper. These plant fibers are natural fiber materials from agricultural waste. The remaining processing of agricultural products in abundance around our environment, such as young coconut fiber can be used as recycled paper. Processing of waste paper into recycled products has been carried out. One of them is to make young coconut fiber into recycled paper for industry. This research was conducted with the aim to determine the composition of raw materials and variations of the optimal type of adhesive to the tensile strength and tear resistance of paper from young coconut fiber waste and HVS type used paper by using PVAc type adhesive. This study uses NaOH as a pre-treatment that functions in the separation and decomposition of cellulose fibers and noncellulose and makes young coconut fibers stronger. The research variable used is the composition of young coconut fiber (SKM) raw materials and used paper (KB) of 25: 75; 50: 50; 75: 25 (%) on variations in the proportion of PVAc adhesive types, namely 2% and 5% respectively.The results of this study were obtained with the most optimal composition in producing art paper for industrial needs, namely on the composition of raw materials SKM: KB (75: 25) on a variation of 2% PVAc adhesive, with the average value of the most attractive tensile strength of 7, 23 N / m on average gram 192.92 g / m² and the average tear index is 2.76 mN m² / g.
PEMANFAATAN BAHAN PEWARNA ALAM SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF DALAM PEMBUATAN BATIK TULIS YANG RAMAH LINGKUNGAN Purwanto _
PROSIDING SNAST Prosiding SNAST 2018
Publisher : IST AKPRIND Yogyakarta

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Abstract

The global issue of environmentally friendly raw materials, processes and products is growing. Utilization of the use of natural staining is one alternative way to produce environmentally friendly products, as well as in the use of natural dyes in batik making. Batik is an original intangible heritage of Indonesia and has been recognized internationally through UNESCO's world organization in 2009 and the city of Yogyakarta has been recognized as the "world batik city" by the Wordl Craft Council (WCC) based on historical value, originality, revitalization and regeneration, economic value, environmentally friendly and has an international reputation. One of the important things is the environment for it is now starting to develop many natural dyes. There are many natural color ingredients such as from tingi tree, jalawe and indigo tree and many others. The purpose of this research is to know the result of natural coloration from tingi tree bark, jalawe and indigo material on cotton batik making material. The method used in this research is to test the extraction process of natural dye materials of indigo leaf (Indigofera), tingi tree bark (Ceriops tagal) and jalawe (Terminalia bellirica), cooking and bleaching auxiliary materials such as caustic soda (NaOH), soda ash (Na2CO3), TRO and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The equipment used is scales, buckets, stainless steel pans, stirrers, kenceng, stoves, gloves, scissors and gray scale test equipment. In the staining step the cotton fabric is immersed in the natural dye resulting from the extraction in a cold state. The next step is the fixation process using alum (Al2 (SO4)3.14H2O), lime tohor (CaCO3) and tunjung (FeSO4) done by immersion for 15 minutes with 1:10 concentration ratio, alum fixation (70 g/l), lime (50 g/l) and tunjung (50 g/l), then dipping in the shade or aerated, then analyzed the color of the coloring results of each type of natural dye using a Gray Scale Standard. The results of the study of natural coloring process on cotton fabric through the fixation of alum material produce a color that is younger than its original color, lime fixation changes its color slightly older than its original color and fixation by tunjung changes the direction of the color towards darkness. The combination of lime-alum fixation changes color slightly younger, whereas the mixture of alum-tunjung and lime-tunjung fixation changes the color darker. Then for indigo and jalawe staining with fixation tunjung result dark color toward black, whereas indigo and tinti coloring change color become dark toward dark brown
PENGARUH RASIO MOLAR BUTANOL PADA UREA FORMALDEHIDE TERBUTILASI TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK MATERIAL Mukasi Wahyu K; Rochmadi _; Rochim Bakti C
PROSIDING SNAST Prosiding SNAST 2018
Publisher : IST AKPRIND Yogyakarta

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Abstract

Alkyd resin is a polymer product mostly used in paint, coating, and film making industries. This is due to the superiority of its properties as a surface coating such as flexibility, strength and durability, and adhesivity. This study made alkyd resin palm fatty acid distillate based (PFAD) and urea formaldehide butilated with variation of molar ratio of butanol 0.5-3 mgrek / mgrek. The result of residual hydroxyl from each variation is 1,25- 11,95 mgrek/g sampel. The more mole ratio of butanol the more difficult it becomes to polymer. Alkyd resin is then reacted with urea formaldehide butilated using oxalic acid catalyst. The result of the density test was obtained on the variation of 1: 0,5 and 1: 1 urea formaldehide butilated ratio with the ratio of alkyd resin and 1: 1 and 1: 2 urea formaldehide butilated with catalyst. Results obtained in the ratio of 1: 0,5 urea formaldehide butilated with 2: 1%mass alkyd resin ratio of curing time at 1.67 hours and 1: 1% mass curing time of 4.83 hours. As for the comparison of 1: 1 urea formaldehide butilated reacted with alkyd resin 2: 1% mass ratio obtained curing time of 6.43 hours and 1: 1% mass of 9.41 hours. More and more urea formaldehide butilated is used and using a catalyst to make the coating material drier faster.
PENGOLAHAN BATOK (TAMPURUANG) KELAPA MENJADI JAM TANGAN BOTAC (BASED ON TAMPURUANG ANDALAS CREATION) Afdhal Ahmad; Muhammad Arif Suyatman; Muhammad Surya Rahim; Faisal Majid; Rika Hariance
PROSIDING SNAST Prosiding SNAST 2018
Publisher : IST AKPRIND Yogyakarta

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Abstract

Coconut is one of agriculture product that is very much used by society in everyday life so that this coconut is considered as multipurpose plant. For the Minangkabau community with typical culinary features of curry and rendang, one of the main ingredients is coconut milk. This kind of cuisine is enjoyed daily by the community both in the padang food stalls and in the household. This creates a considerable amount of coconut waste, one of which is the shell (tampuruang). But the lack of utilization of waste coconut shells into high-value products, resulting in waste accumulate or burned into charcoal. Meanwhile, tampuruang actually can also be utilized economically by processing it into various innovations and creations, both in the form of souvenirs and accessories. Based on these problems we found creative ideas, creating innovations in the processing of tampuruang into a unique watch which we named BOTAC WATCH (Based On Tampuruang Andalas Creation). The creative, innovative and effective concept of BOTAC WACTH is also in line with the creative industry development program launched by the Ministry of Trade of the Republic of Indonesia. Based on the economic analysis conducted, business feasibility has a value of B / C ratio of 2.48. This indicates that the business is feasible to run, because in every Rp.1 the cost incurred will generate benefits worth Rp. 1.48. Thus this product can contribute to the growth and development of creative economy to increase the added value of products as well as enhance the competitiveness of the nation.
PENGARUH PELARUT N-HEKSANE DAN ETANOL PADA MIKROKRISTALIN SELULOSA DARI DAUN JAMBU BIJI (Psidium Guajava L) SEBAGAI EKSIPIEN OBAT Vinsensius Fererius Cakreswara Acintyas; Amanda A. A. Dos Santos; Yunica Nur Witanjaya; Dewi Wahyuningtyas
PROSIDING SNAST Prosiding SNAST 2018
Publisher : IST AKPRIND Yogyakarta

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Abstract

Microcrystallin cellulose (MCC) is a pure ceullose that isolated from several alpha cellulose natural sources such as woody plants, cotton husk, or baggase. It can be applied as drug excipients in medical sector. Cellulose raw materials obtained from guava leaves as effective as a natural diarrhea medicine. This research aimed to study the addition of guava leaf to synthesis microcrystallin cellulose and to compare the characteristics microcrystallin cellulose from guava leaf with Avicel PH 102 as a standard commercial microcrystallin cellulose. The research methods consisted of several processes: 1) Extraction of guava leaves with n-Heksane dan Etanol volume comparisons variation: 3:0; 2:1; 1:2; 3:0 in 350 grams of guava leaf weight, 2) Delignification process stages using base (NaOH) solution, 3) Bleaching process with NaOCl solution , and 4) Hydrolysi processs of alpha cellulose by using dilute acid (HCl) solution at high temperature. The characteristics of microcrystallin cellulose were analyzed by organoleptic test, pH, solubility and loss on drying. The results showed that the ratio of solvent n-hexane and ethanol 2:1 volume was the optimal point obtained after observed from several tests performed has the maximum percentage of alpha cellulose is 4.11% and the percentage of microcrystallin cellulose is 3.71%. The organoleptic characteristic such as powder, white, odorless and tasteless were fine. Solubillity in water was 0.16% and pH was 5.15. The loss on drying was 5.88%. Microcrystallin cellulose from guava leaf generally met the pharmacopeia requirements and the characteristics were not significanlly different from Avicel PH 102.
SIMULASI KEKUATAN PANEL LAPIS STRUKTUR SARANG LEBAH KOMPOSIT POLIMER DIPERKUAT SERAT DAUN NANAS Ellyawan Setyo Arbintarso; Taufiq Hidayat; Yuli Purwanto
PROSIDING SNAST Prosiding SNAST 2018
Publisher : IST AKPRIND Yogyakarta

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Honeycomb construction is a mimicry construction of a nest of bees/wasps form. The original form of honeycomb is hexagonal but in the development of the manufacturing process is transformed into other forms, e.g., quadrilateral, pentagonal, and polygonal. Honeycomb construction is widely used as a wall or panel because of its lightweight, lightweight obtained from the influence of the cavity due to the connection of each facet. In general, this honeycomb construction is not used for construction that receives either axial or radial loads. The axial load testing, especially using a three-point bending test was used in this research. The pineapple fiber-reinforced polymer composite is proven to have good damping ability which is expected to be suitable for alternative materials in the manufacture of the honeycomb structure. The honeycomb structure is hexagonal, which will be the core of a construction. The construction will be axially loaded which will be represented by a three-point bending test. In addition to direct testing, simulation of loading using Autodesk Inventor software will be compared and analyzed further. The mechanical properties, especially the bending stress for construction with a honeycomb core, are particularly useful in the design of an impacted construction, bent, and lightweight. The result of the simulation shows the difference with the test result caused by several factors, i.e., 1. The thickness of the honeycomb was not uniform, 2. There is a defect (air cavity) in the specimen, 3. Simulation has difficulties in determining the load and support of the nonsolid structure
ANALYSIS MEASUREMENT OF RELATIVE PERMITTIVITY ON THE TEXTILE MATERIALS USING CAVITY REFLECTION TRANSMISSION PERTURBATION Wenda Adi Irawan; Levy Olivia Nur; Bambang Setia Nugroho; Achmad Munir
PROSIDING SNAST Prosiding SNAST 2018
Publisher : IST AKPRIND Yogyakarta

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The information characteristic of dielectric material is one of important properties in design of wearable absorber. The studies were also performed to investigate the EM properties of textile materials when being exposure by EM waves especially for wearable absorber application. This is because the effects of EM waves emitted from electronic equipment on human health being a current problem to solve. In this paper, the analysis measurement of relative permittivity of textile materials is focused based on cavity reflection transmission perturbation method. The cavity perturbation method has difficulties to measure the objects like cuts the textile into a smaller piece than measurement device but has good accuracy. While transmission reflection method is easy to measure however has less accurate. The method that uses combination from reflection transmission method, cavity perturbation method and a rectangular waveguide which has high accuracy. According to textile relative permittivity measurement, the proposed method is numerical analyzed and then experimental inspected for some known dielectric materials. From the result of measurement relative permittivity for some textile materials has specific characteristic depend on each textiles and can be used as reference to design absorber. It show the proposed method is compatible for measure the textile characteristics in design antennas, reflectors, especially for wearable absorber.
APLIKASI SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS UNTUK MENDETEKSI PERUBAHAN LINGKUNGAN DI KAWASAN TERNAK SAPI PERAH DI DESA UMBULHARJO Saiful Hadi
PROSIDING SNAST Prosiding SNAST 2018
Publisher : IST AKPRIND Yogyakarta

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Perubahan Lingkungan terjadi akibat penebangan pohon, penebangan pohon dilakukan masyarakat untuk memenuhi kebutuhan ekonominya. Berkurangnya tutupan vegetasi dapat berdampak pada meningkatnya suhu permukaan kawasan tersebut. Penggunaan sistem informasi geografis dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu cara mendapatkan data perubahan lingkungan pada suatau kawasan yang luas dengan cepat. Penggunaan sistem informasi geografis yang dimaksud adalah analisis citra satelit menggunakan software pemetaan. Analisis yang bisa digunakan adalah analisis Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) dan analisis Land Surface Temperature (LST). Adapun citra satelit yang digunakan adalah citra dari satelit landsat 8. Citra satelit landsat memiliki beberapa saluran yang bisa dimanfaatkan untuk analisis Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) dan analisis Land Surface Temperature (LST). Analisis Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) memanfaatkan nilai spektral saluran 4 (Merah) dan saluran 5 (Inframerah dekat). Sedangkan analisis Land Surface Temperature (LST) memanfaatkan saluran 10 dan 11 yang merupakan sensor thermal. Penelitian ini mencoba mengaplikasikan penggunaan sistem informasi geografis untuk memetakan kondisi lingkungan di desa Umbulharjo, kecamatan Cangkringan, Kabupaten Sleman. Adapun kondisi lingkungan yang diteliti adalah perubahan tutupan vegetasi dan perubahan suhu. Tutupan vegetasi dapat menjaga suhu permukaan di suatu kawasan agar tetap dingin, sebaliknya berkurangnya tutupan vegetasi berdampak pada semakin panasnya suhu. Dari hasil analisis terlihat suhu di tahun 2013 dan tahun 2015 terdapat peningkatan suhu dan berkurangnya kerapatan vegetasi di desa Umbulharjo, kecamatan Cangkringan, kabupaten Sleman.

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