IJEAS (International Journal of Environment, Architecture, and Societies)
IJEAS is open to articles and book reviews about Environment, Architecture, and Societies related to the substance in design, planning, building technology and construction, urban and settlement, history and arts, research, and education.
Articles
30 Documents
<![CDATA[Capturing the Heritage of British Colonial School Building Through Measured Drawings in Malaysia: A Case of PULAPOL Batu Lama School ]]>
<![CDATA[Asiah Abdul Rahim]]>;
<![CDATA[Srazali Aripin]]>;
<![CDATA[Abdul Razak Sapian]]>;
<![CDATA[Hazwan Zubir]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Environment, Architecture, and Societies Vol. 2 No. 01 (2022): Cultural Heritage Conservation to Preserve the Environment, Architecture, and ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Research and Community Services of Universitas Tanjungpura and Center of Southeast Asian Ethnicities, Cultures and Societies (Joint collaboration between Universitas Tanjungpura and National Taitung University) ]]>
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DOI: 10.26418/ijeas.2022.2.01.16-26
<![CDATA[This research is to convey the analytical studies of the Pusat Latihan Polis (PULAPOL) Batu Lama School. This research aims to present detailed information of the endogenous influences, particularly during the British colonization era. PULAPOL was the first Police Training Centre in Malaysia. It is located at Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur. It was constructed in 1938. The structural system used for the school’s construction was load-bearing brick masonry. The objectives of the studies are to: a) Increase the understanding and appreciation of Architectural Heritage of the Muslim World, b) Learn the techniques of measured drawings of heritage buildings with the emphasis on the building construction, detailing, research and documentation of the historical aspects of the building and its development, c) Appreciate the total concept and richness of the architectural heritage as well as to be able to value the environment and to understand the socio-economic-cultural way of life of local inhabitants. In general, the methodology adopted for the study is divided into pre-fieldwork, fieldwork and post-fieldwork. Data collected from interviews, case studies, observations, and measurements of the building. The data obtained from various methods are documented in reports and measured drawing. In conclusion, these research findings provide the chronology and history of the PULAPOL Batu Lama School that is rich in its historical values, materials used, construction techniques and passive design techniques.]]>
<![CDATA[Climate-Resilient Urban Design from a Biomimicry-Arcology Perspective ]]>
<![CDATA[Gabriel Yit Viu Yong]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Environment, Architecture, and Societies Vol. 2 No. 01 (2022): Cultural Heritage Conservation to Preserve the Environment, Architecture, and ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Research and Community Services of Universitas Tanjungpura and Center of Southeast Asian Ethnicities, Cultures and Societies (Joint collaboration between Universitas Tanjungpura and National Taitung University) ]]>
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DOI: 10.26418/ijeas.2022.2.01.1-15
<![CDATA[Global climate action initiatives have focussed on either climate mitigation or adaptation in the decarbonisation agenda. The impact of urbanisation is generally overlooked. Urban development alters the environment, including climate, in multiple ways. Therefore, climate actions are unlikely to succeed, even if its goals are achieved, largely because the current paradigm promotes expansion at the expense of nature. This paper presents an alternative perspective on urban design with respect to climate resiliency. It draws primarily from the thoughts that underpin Arcology and Biomimicry from a complex, evolving Earth systems paradigm. It argues that urban development must shift from 2-dimensional gigantism to a compact 3-dimensional form. It further posits that the structure should facilitate greater exchanges, drawing together complementary elements in economy, industry and society, and services into the same structure. Hyper-structures, multi-functional infrastructures, and systems, are required to drive the transition towards a more efficient, low-impact urbanisation paradigm that frees the land for nature to recolonize. Biomimicry provides suitable models and guides through species that thrive as well as biomes that have developed in the range of environmental and climatic regions on the planet. A viable approach would be to build on existing transport infrastructure.]]>
<![CDATA[Change of shape, size and form related to traditional and new materials in Atoni buildings in Central Timor: A comparison of the region near Nikiniki, Soe and Kefamenanu ]]>
<![CDATA[Ferenc Zamolyi]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Environment, Architecture, and Societies Vol. 2 No. 01 (2022): Cultural Heritage Conservation to Preserve the Environment, Architecture, and ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Research and Community Services of Universitas Tanjungpura and Center of Southeast Asian Ethnicities, Cultures and Societies (Joint collaboration between Universitas Tanjungpura and National Taitung University) ]]>
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DOI: 10.26418/ijeas.2022.2.01.27-42
<![CDATA[This article is the second part of the analysis of the author´s field research, which was conducted in Timor in May 2004 in Maubesi, and in June 2011 near Soe and Nikiniki and Kefamenanu. The paper focuses on the region of Central Timor, settled by the Atoni Meto people, who live in round houses built on the ground. The house form and materials utilised differ somewhat in the higher regions of Central Timor and the lower-lying Eastern parts of Central Timor. The aim of this article is to explore how such building materials are utilised and whether they are or can be integrated into local vernacular building traditions. New materials are often used to imitate the more traditional ones, often incorporating structural details from the older technology and traditional materials which are copied. In other cases, new materials lead to a change in the appearance and structure of vernacular buildings. New materials already influencing the building due to their different, new properties, and designs are devised to adapt to these changes, which in the end result in an altered building. It appears that the highland regions of Central Timor near Soe and Nikiniki use a more conservative house design while in the region around Kefamenanu modern materials are more present in vernacular architecture. The use of concrete and corrugated iron to build lopos (traditional granaries and community buildings) is striking and has produced a new version of the traditional lopo.]]>
<![CDATA[The challenges in conserving the heritage based on conservation practice of AA Maramis Building in Jakarta ]]>
<![CDATA[Bambang Eryudhawan]]>;
<![CDATA[Andi Andi]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Environment, Architecture, and Societies Vol. 2 No. 01 (2022): Cultural Heritage Conservation to Preserve the Environment, Architecture, and ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Research and Community Services of Universitas Tanjungpura and Center of Southeast Asian Ethnicities, Cultures and Societies (Joint collaboration between Universitas Tanjungpura and National Taitung University) ]]>
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DOI: 10.26418/ijeas.2022.2.01.43-54
<![CDATA[Preserving the originality or maintaining the performance is not a choice in heritage conservation. Both aspects need to be completed as a whole consideration for a decision in the conservation project. Conservation practice becomes more complex and challenging, followed by the change of time and condition. This article aims to identify the challenges of heritage conservation practice based on the conservation practice of the A. A. Maramis building. This study was unique in that it linked architectural components of form-function-meaning with a conservation aspect of A. A. Maramis Building restoration. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, this article characterizes the issues and challenges. The data were collected through a long observation from the initiation until the final stage of the conservation project. The results display some issues that can be addressed as learned from the conservation project of A. A. Maramis Building in Jakarta are related to building regulation, material, and worker skill. Building regulations related to seismic safety are prepared for new structures. Building regulation should provide tools and guidelines that could save the old historic building, prolong its life, and protect the safety of the user. A number of old materials are demanding to be replaced. The construction industry at the present time failed to support most conservation projects, notably regarding building materials such as good quality timber for beams and planks. Old skills to handle masonry construction and woodworks should be reintroduced in technical schools to support conservation projects of buildings from the colonial period.]]>
<![CDATA[Physical Evolution of the Last Melanau Communal Dwelling in Kampung Sok, Matu, Sarawak, Malaysia ]]>
<![CDATA[Salfarina Abdul Gapor]]>;
<![CDATA[Rahmat Moriat]]>;
<![CDATA[Haris Fadzilah Abdul Rahman]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Ariff Mat Saruan]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Environment, Architecture, and Societies Vol. 2 No. 01 (2022): Cultural Heritage Conservation to Preserve the Environment, Architecture, and ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Research and Community Services of Universitas Tanjungpura and Center of Southeast Asian Ethnicities, Cultures and Societies (Joint collaboration between Universitas Tanjungpura and National Taitung University) ]]>
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DOI: 10.26418/ijeas.2022.2.01.55-72
<![CDATA[The Melanau is one of the main ethnic groups in Sarawak. Historically, they lived in a communal dwelling, known as the tall house, designed to protect against the harsh micro-climate condition, wild animals and, enemies. Today, there are no visible remains of the tall house. The only tall house available in Sarawak is a reconstructed replica available at the Sarawak Cultural Village in Santubong, Kuching. However, there is one Melanau communal longhouse located at Kampung Sok, Matu, which has been gazetted under the Sarawak Cultural Heritage Ordinance 1993. The objective of this paper is to analyse the changes that the longhouse has experienced throughout the years. This study employs a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews with the owners of the longhouse. Data are also derived from measured drawings. Findings show that the characteristics of the longhouse are a hybrid of the Iban longhouse combined with the Melanau tall house and later with some Malay influences. This can be clearly seen from the spatial and functional analyses of the spaces as well as the general form of the building. The general form of the building resembles more towards the Iban longhouse, whereas the functional spaces are more towards the Melanau tall house. The 1930s renovation also shows influence from the Malay vernacular architecture through the introduction of change of level and secondary access. The findings also show that vernacular architecture evolves through time due to different needs, influences, and building materials.]]>
<![CDATA[The Typology of Settlement Development in Riverbanks in Pontianak ]]>
<![CDATA[Ivan Gunawan]]>;
<![CDATA[Bambang Soemardiono]]>;
<![CDATA[Dewi Septanti]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Environment, Architecture, and Societies Vol. 2 No. 02 (2022): Digital Conservation and Urban Patterns to Preserve the Environment, Architect ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Research and Community Services of Universitas Tanjungpura and Center of Southeast Asian Ethnicities, Cultures and Societies (Joint collaboration between Universitas Tanjungpura and National Taitung University) ]]>
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DOI: 10.26418/ijeas.2022.2.02.73-84
<![CDATA[The development of Pontianak begins from the influence of the existence of the Kapuas River and its tributaries. The river used to be a space for community activities, with many houses and villages built based on their proximity to the river. The settlement grew to fill the land on the banks of Kapuas River first until they spread to its tributaries. This research aims to identify the typology of settlement development in riverside communities in Pontianak from time to time. This research employed a qualitative method with a comparative study. The researcher collected secondary data in the form of a map of the condition of settlements in Pontianak from time to time obtained from the historical records of Pontianak. Then, the data were compared and analyzed to obtain a typology of settlement development in the riverside communities in Pontianak. The study’s results, namely the typology of settlements on the riverbanks in Pontianak, revealed the settlements that follow the structure of the riverbanks, ditch canals, and the settlements that lead to land roads. This can happen because of an increase in the number of people every year, accessibility range, and economic movement factors.]]>
<![CDATA[Virtualization of Digitalized Cultural Assets to Promote Sustainable Heritage Tourism in Malaysia ]]>
<![CDATA[Hajiedah Fauzi]]>;
<![CDATA[Harlina Md Sharif]]>;
<![CDATA[Rajabi Abdul Razak]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Environment, Architecture, and Societies Vol. 2 No. 02 (2022): Digital Conservation and Urban Patterns to Preserve the Environment, Architect ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Research and Community Services of Universitas Tanjungpura and Center of Southeast Asian Ethnicities, Cultures and Societies (Joint collaboration between Universitas Tanjungpura and National Taitung University) ]]>
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DOI: 10.26418/ijeas.2022.2.02.85-99
<![CDATA[A key policy goal for every nation is to ensure that their rich cultural treasures are preserved for future generations to enjoy and be inspired. In this regard, the virtualization of digitalized cultural assets has the potential to make heritage experienced in a new and unique way. However, as the guardian of the nation’s cultural assets, the museum sector in Malaysia was caught unprepared when it experienced a 70 percent dip in the attendance of visitors during the pandemic due to its inability to capitalize on technology and reach out to local and international visitors. Thus, the study’s primary objective is to assess the technology readiness level in Malaysian museums in adopting virtual heritage technologies. However, this paper explicitly discusses the challenges and methods of virtualization in museums by reviewing available literature and case studies of museums with interactive technology to understand the current technology state of museums in Malaysia. Consequently, working terminologies related to virtual heritage adoption by museums will be elaborated to define the scope and limitations of such studies. Most museums identified with Augmented Reality applications in Malaysia are still in an early stage of virtual technology adoption. Only Borneo Cultural Museum has embraced 30% interactive exhibition. Thus, this paper suggests that an in-depth study needs to be conducted to survey the technology readiness of museums in Malaysia.]]>
<![CDATA[The Art of Kelarai in Malay Architecture ]]>
<![CDATA[Nur Syahidah Taufik]]>;
<![CDATA[Harlina Md Sharif Sharif]]>;
<![CDATA[Rajabi Abdul Razak]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Environment, Architecture, and Societies Vol. 2 No. 02 (2022): Digital Conservation and Urban Patterns to Preserve the Environment, Architect ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Research and Community Services of Universitas Tanjungpura and Center of Southeast Asian Ethnicities, Cultures and Societies (Joint collaboration between Universitas Tanjungpura and National Taitung University) ]]>
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DOI: 10.26418/ijeas.2022.2.02.122-135
<![CDATA[Kelarai is defined as checkered weave patterns, a craftwork that has been passed down from generation to generation in Malay culture and people in Southeast Asia. Since its beginning, the arrangement of simple patterns has now grown into many unique kelarai designs with different making techniques or weaving techniques applied for each kelarai. Kelarai is utilized in various products, from everyday items like mats and food covers to decorative elements seen in traditional architecture, like walls and windows. People today can still recognize the art of kelarai on daily basis products. However, only a few have seen or even know about the use of kelarai in traditional architecture. With only a few kelarai craftsmen and evidence of kelarai architecture left, the art of kelarai wall is also at risk of vanishing. Therefore, this study aims to document the varieties of kelarai in traditional architecture, the methods of making kelarai from kelarai craftsmen, and to identify the techniques used in kelarai walls of traditional architecture. An interview and participatory observation are conducted with kelarai craftsman to collect data. Site visits to case studies locations, visual documentation, and analysis through online search are undertaken to learn more about the remaining traces of kelarai architecture. The study is significant in the diminishing kelarai architecture area due to a lack of written documentation and awareness. The study will also contribute to the urgency of preserving the remaining kelarai architecture, which is gradually deteriorating and awaiting demolition.]]>
<![CDATA[Exploring Translocation of Omah Java in Pawon Garden, Bogor: A Case Study of Ex-situ Architectural Conservation ]]>
<![CDATA[Anassya Calistha Dewani]]>;
<![CDATA[Yusfan Adeputera Yusran]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Environment, Architecture, and Societies Vol. 2 No. 02 (2022): Digital Conservation and Urban Patterns to Preserve the Environment, Architect ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Research and Community Services of Universitas Tanjungpura and Center of Southeast Asian Ethnicities, Cultures and Societies (Joint collaboration between Universitas Tanjungpura and National Taitung University) ]]>
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DOI: 10.26418/ijeas.2022.2.02.100-108
<![CDATA[Pawon Garden is a building complex located in Parung, Bogor, consisting of several translocated Javanese vernacular (Omah) buildings. This study aims to determine the process of translocation of Javanese Omah in Pawon Garden Parung in a narrative manner, resulting in knowledge about the translocation of Javanese vernacular buildings as an effort of ex-situ conservation in architectural terms. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach to show the translocation process of Javanese vernacular buildings, starting from technical specifications, elements, and materials. The building translocation process discussed in this study is divided into three stages: the dismantling process, the translocation process, and the reconstruction process. Several changes to the building occur as a form of adjustment of the building to its new environment and functions. The changes reduce the authenticity of the building. However, most of the elements and structures in the translocated Javanese Omah are still the original components of the original building.]]>
<![CDATA[Urban Tapestry: A Place-Sensitive Approach to Sustainable Urban Design ]]>
<![CDATA[Noor Hasharina Hassan]]>;
<![CDATA[Gabriel Yit Vui Yong]]>;
<![CDATA[Izni Azrein Noor Azalie]]>;
<![CDATA[Norzurianie Kamarulzaman]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Environment, Architecture, and Societies Vol. 2 No. 02 (2022): Digital Conservation and Urban Patterns to Preserve the Environment, Architect ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Research and Community Services of Universitas Tanjungpura and Center of Southeast Asian Ethnicities, Cultures and Societies (Joint collaboration between Universitas Tanjungpura and National Taitung University) ]]>
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DOI: 10.26418/ijeas.2022.2.02.109-121
<![CDATA[Shophouses are essential elements of the urbanscape. However, the rate at which they are developed and neglected in Brunei has given rise to various problems in commercial areas, which undermines sustainability. While commercial areas are places with unique characteristics created as a consequence of the interaction between people and the environment, they tend to be inconspicuous to outsiders, including authorities and planners. This paper proposes a way to elucidate the genius loci of a site using urban tapestry as an analytical model rather than just a metaphor. The Menglait commercial area (MCA) was used as a case to illustrate this method. The MCA tapestry depicts a place for the common people to fix their automobile issues and quick social-business meet-ups. Its threads could be traced to the area’s early development, interweaving national development programs with the introduction of the automobile, the Chinese diaspora, and the development of the oil industry. Traditionally, shophouses, which were functional and ecological in design, have become wasteful in their modern form due to changing urban realities. Concerning the MCA, its apparent decline could be revealed through the tapestry method. Planned rejuvenation of the area would have obliterated existing features, structures, and knowledge that have essential values to enhance its resilience as a commercial area. The utility of our tapestry method is in the conservation of the genius loci of an area when integrated into the standard urban planning process.]]>
