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Jurnal Manajemen dan Agribisnis

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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

ISSN : 16935853 EISSN : 24072524 DOI : -

Core Subject : Economy, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Economics, Econometrics & Finance

Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis memuat informasi hasil kegiatan penelitian, pemikiran konseptual dan review bidang ilmu manajemen agribisnis. Jurnal ilmiah ini diterbitkan oleh Program Studi Manajemen dan Bisnis, Sekolah Pascasarjana, Institut Pertanian Bogor bekerjasama Perhimpunan Ekonomi Pertanian Indonesia (PERHEPI).

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Articles 368 Documents

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Produksi dan Pemasaran Komoditas Broiler di Jawa Barat Saptana Saptana; Mohamad Maulana; Rahayu Ningsih
Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis Vol. 14 No. 2 (2017): JMA Vol. 14 No. 2, Juli 2017
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

The development of broiler industry can be a basis for the economic growth and employment opportunities. There are three broiler breeding patterns i.e. independent breeders, internal-business partnerships, and external-business partnerships. This research aims to analyze broiler production and marketing in West Java Province. The research objectives are: (1) to analyze the performance of each broiler breeding farm; (2) to analyze the market structure of broilers; (3) to evaluate the marketing margin of broilers; and (4) to study market integration of broilers. The method used in this study was a survey method using structured questionnaires. The primary and secondary data used in this study were analyzed using the broiler breeding feasibility analysis, R/C ratio, marketing margin, and market integration analysis. The results showed that: (1) broiler breeding business in various patterns remains profitable and has an effective return to capital in moderate level, (2) both independent and plasma broiler breeders face an oligopolistic market structure, and the brokers also confronts oligopolistic market structure in dealing with the core enterprise through specific prices, and (3) retailers receive the biggest profit margin per unit of output, while the inter-regional wholesalers receive the largest total margin due to its large sales turnover, and (4) broiler markets are not integrated. In summary it can be concluded that broiler farming in various business patterns is profitable; however, and the marketing system is inefficient.Keywords: R/C ratio, market structure, marketing margins, market integration, broilerABSTRAKPengembangan komoditas broiler dapat menjadi basis pertumbuhan ekonomi dan pemerataan kesempatan kerja jika dikelola dengan baik. Paling tidak terdapat tiga pola usaha ternak broiler yakni usaha ternak mandiri, kemitraan usaha internal dan kemitraan usaha eksternal. Tujuan penelitian adalah (1) mmenganalisis kinerja usaha ternak broiler; (2) menganalisis struktur pasar komoditas broiler; (3) menganalisis margin tataniaga komoditas broiler; dan (4) menganalisis integrasi pasar komoditas broiler. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survei dengan menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur. Data kuantitatif dianalisis menggunakan analisis kelayakan usaha ternak, R/C ratio, marjin tataniaga dan analisis integrasi pasar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) usaha ternak broiler pada berbagai pola usaha masih tetap menguntungkan dan memiliki efektivitas pengembalian modal pada level moderat; (2) peternak baik mandiri maupun peternak plasma menghadapi struktur pasar yang oligopsonistik dan pedagang pengepul/broker menghadapi struktur pasar yang oligopolistik dalam berhadapan dengan perusahaan inti melalui harga Posko; (3) pedagang pengecer menerima rata-rata margin keuntungan terbesar per unit output, sedangkan pedagang besar antar wilayah menerima margin total terbesar karena omzet penjualan yang besar; dan (4) pasar komoditas broiler tidak terintegrasi, secara relatif peternak ke pedagang besar tidak terintegrasi dan pedagang besar ke pedagang pengecer secara relatif lebih terintegrasi. Secara ringkas dapat disimpulkan bahwa usaha ternak broiler pada berbagai pola usaha menguntungkan dan sistem pemasaran yang belum efisien.Kata kunci: R/C ratio, struktur pasar, margin pemasaran, integrasi pasar, broiler

Competition Analysis of Imported and Local Oranges Dini Maulida Rachmi; Rita Nurmalina; Amzul Rifin
Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis Vol. 15 No. 1 (2018): JMA Vol. 15 No. 1, March 2018
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

Indonesia is faced by global competition, in particular for its fruit commodity. Orange a commodity currently prioritized to be developed. The availability of seasonal oranges provides an opportunity for the imported orange products to substitute the local oranges. The objective of this study was to analyze the competition between the local oranges and imported oranges. The analytical method used was Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS). The results show that the local oranges can compete with the imported oranges from China. It is indicated by the positive cross elasticity value (substitution). The decline in the price of oranges imported from China will reduce the market share of local oranges in Indonesia. Therefore, Indonesia needs to improve the marketing efficiency of its local oranges and increases the local orange production to meet its consumption needs of oranges.

Perbandingan Teknik Pengambilan Keputusan Multi-Kriteria Antara Metode Eckenrode dengan Metode Fuzzy Eckenrode pada Kinerja Agroindustri Rahmat Fadhil; M. Syamsul Maarif; Tajuddin Bantacut; Aji Hermawan
Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis Vol. 14 No. 2 (2017): JMA Vol. 14 No. 2, Juli 2017
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

Multi-criteria decision-making system has evolved with various methods. One method that is still being used today is the Eckenrode method. This study aims to compare the methods used in multi-criteria decision-making i.e. between the Eckenrode method and Fuzzy Eckenrode method on agroindustry performances in a decision-making model. To evaluate the two methods, the assessment data from the ten experts on the performance measurement system of agroindustry were used using Human Resource Scorecard (HRSC) method. The results show that both Eckenrode method and Fuzzy Eckenrode method are able to provide a rank-system of an alternative of the same criteria in a decision-making. However, Fuzzy Eckenrode method shows clearer assessment weighting compared to the regular Eckenrode method; therefore, the system of weighting using the Fuzzy Eckenrode method is more recommended in high-level decision making with a high level of accuracy.Keywords: decision-making, Eckenrode, Fuzzy Eckenrode, multi-criteria, weightingABSTRAKSistem pengambilan keputusan multi kriteria telah berkembang dengan berbagai metode yang beragam. Salah satu metode yang masih terus dipakai saat ini adalah metode Eckenrode. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan metode pengambilan keputusan multi kriteria dengan pendekatan metode Eckenrode biasa dengan metode Fuzzy Eckenrode pada kinerja agroindustri dalam suatu model pengambilan keputusan. Untuk mengevaluasi kedua metode ini digunakan data penilaian terhadap suatu sistem pengukuran kinerja agroindustri dari para pakar sebanyak sepuluh orang dengan metode Human Resource Scorecard (HRSC). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode Eckenrode dan metode Fuzzy Eckenrode mampu memberikan perangkingan suatu alternatif kriteria yang sama dalam suatu pengambilan keputusan. Namun metode Fuzzy Eckenrode menunjukkan penilaian pembobotan yang lebih jelas dibandingan dengan menggunakan metode Eckenrode biasa, sehingga sistem penilaian pembobotan melalui metode Fuzzy Eckenrode lebih direkomendasikan dalam pengambilan keputusan tingkat tinggi dengan akurasi yang juga tinggi.Kata kunci: Eckenrode, Fuzzy Eckenrode, multi kriteria, pembobotan, pengambilan keputusan

Comparing the Effectiveness of Information Framing Strategy on Utilitarian and Hedonic Food Product Packaging Sony Kusumasondjaja
Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis Vol. 15 No. 1 (2018): JMA Vol. 15 No. 1, March 2018
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

The increasing adoption of framing strategy among food marketers and advertisers generates inquiries about the effectiveness of the strategy. Product messages with different framing strategy are expected to stimulate different consumer responses. This research investigates the difference of consumer attitude and purchase intention towards the framed product when consumers are exposed to food labels with different types of food product (hedonic vs utilitarian) using different framing strategy (positive vs negative). A lab experimental design was prepared involving 160 participants. Chocolate was examined to represent hedonic product while packaged milk was used as utilitarian product. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and multiple linear regression. Findings suggested that the effectiveness of framing strategy was moderated by product type. Positive framing was found to be more effective for hedonic food products, while for utilitarian food product, it was more favorable to adopt negative framing.

Rantai Pasok Produk Beras di Kecamatan Cibeber, Kabupaten Cianjur Alexandro Ephannuel Saragih; Netti Tinaprilla; Amzul Rifin
Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis Vol. 14 No. 3 (2017): JMA Vol. 14 No. 3, November 2017
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

Integration in supply chain is the key of marketing. The objectives of this research were to identify the rice supply chain in Cibeber District in Cianjur Regency, to analyze the technical efficiency and vertical integration in the rice supply chain. Although the amount of rice product sold in Cipinang market is only small, the Cipinang grading system remains as a reference for the members of the rice supply chain in Cianjur. There were 10 marketing channels of rice product in Cibeber. Overall, the technical efficiency value of all channels had good scores, and this could be influenced by the sharing information process. Only four out of ten channels that had the technical efficiency, and this was caused by the large number of institutions involved in these channels. There was a directional causality from the farmers of Cibeber, Cianjur to the collectors and retailers of Cianjur. This represents that farmers’ power was not weak in the rice supply chain. The government needs to consistently oversee the rice storage performed by the wholesalers, especially in Cipinang Market. The increasing rice price in the wholesalers or retails was not caused by the increasing rice price the farmer level, but it was caused by the wholesaler market power to influence the rice supply in the marketKeywords: rice, supply chain, technical efficiency, vertical integration

DAYA SAING BAWANG MERAH DI WILAYAH SENTRA PRODUKSI DI INDONESIA Haris Fatori Aldila; Anna Fariyanti; Netti Tinaprilla
Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis Vol. 14 No. 1 (2017): JMA Vol. 14 No. 1, Maret 2017
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

The objectives of this study are to analyze (1) the profitability of shallot farming, (2) competitiveness of shallot farming through competitive and comparative advantages and (3) impact of government’s policy on competitiveness of shallot farming in three production centers in Indonesia (Cirebon, Brebes, and Tegal). Data analysis method used Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). The results show that shallot farming in Cirebon, Brebes and Tegal is financially profitable but economically unprofitable. The analysis of the competitiveness of shallot farming in Cirebon, Brebes and Tegal shows that shallot farming has no comparative advantage but has competitive advantage. The impacts of government’s policy on output show that the government has given protection on the price of shallot. Meanwhile, the government's policy on input is disincentive to farmers. Shallot farmers have to pay inputs more expensive than they should be; however, simultaneously, the government's policy on input and output support the shallot production in Cirebon, Brebes and Tegal.Keywords: comparative advantage, competitive advantage, government’s policy, policy analysis matrix, shallotAbstrakTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis keuntungan usaha tani bawang merah, menganalisis daya saing bawang merah melalui keunggulan kometitif dan komparatif, serta menganalisis dampak kebijakan pemerintah pada usaha tani bawang merah di tiga sentra produksi di Indonesia (Cirebon, Brebes, Tegal). Metode analisis data menggunakan PAM (Policy Analysis Matrix). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usaha tani bawang merah di Cirebon, Brebes dan Tegal menguntungkan secara finansial tetapi tidak menguntungkan secara ekonomi. Hasil analisis daya saing usaha tani bawang merah di Cirebon, Brebes dan Tegal menunjukkan usaha tani bawang merah tidak memiliki keunggulan komparatif tetapi masih memiliki keunggulan kompetitif. Dampak kebijakan pemerintah terhadap output menunjukkan adanya proteksi pemerintah terhadap harga bawang merah. Sementara itu, kebijakan pemerintah terkait input masih bersifat disinsentif kepada petani. Petani harus membayar input lebih mahal dari seharusnya. Secara simultan, kebijakan pemerintah terhadap input dan output mendukung terhadap produksi bawang merah di Cirebon, Brebes dan Tegal.Kata kunci: bawang merah, kebijakan pemerintah, keunggulan komparatif, keunggulan kompetitif, policy analysis matrix

STUDI EMPIRIS PERILAKU USAHA KOPERASI PERTANIAN: KASUS KOPERASI DI DATARAN TINGGI GAYO, PROVINSI ACEH Devi Agustia; Nunung Kusnadi; Harianto Harianto
Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis Vol. 14 No. 1 (2017): JMA Vol. 14 No. 1, Maret 2017
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

Agricultural cooperatives play an important role in supporting small agricultural farmers. The key roles of cooperatives are to improve access to markets, increase in bargaining position of farmers, and adopt improved technologies. The problem faced by the coffee farmers is their weakness position in the price determination. Based on this problem, this study aimed to analyze the cooperative’s business behavior. The study was conducted in Aceh Tengah and Bener Meriah districts. Data were collected from 15 cooperatives purposively selected. The mode of cooperative economic behavior was constructed as a simultaneous equation system consisting of purchase price, purchase amounts, sales prices and number of cooperative members. The model was estimated by 2SLS method. The results show that most of the variables in the model indicate that cooperatives have run their business in compliance with the cooperative principles. Keywords: agricultural cooperative, coffee, farmers, simultaneous modelAbstrakKoperasi pertanian memiliki peran penting dalam mendukung petani kecil. Peran kunci koperasi tersebut, yaitu untuk meningkatkan akses pasar, meningkatkan posisi tawar petani, dan meningkatkan kemampuan mengadopsi teknologi. Masalah yang dihadapi petani kopi adalah posisi tawar petani lemah dalam penentuan harga. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perilaku usaha koperasi dengan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi harga pembelian, jumlah pembelian, jumlah penjualan, jumlah anggota dan sisa hasil usaha pada koperasi. Model perilaku ekonomi koperasi dibangun sebagai suatu sistem persamaan simultan yang terdiri dari harga pembelian, jumlah pembelian, harga penjualan, jumlah anggota koperasi dan Sisa hasil usaha. Model ini diestimasi dengan metode 2SLS. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar variabel dalam model menunjukkan bahwa koperasi telah menjalankan kegiatan usahanya sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip koperasi. Hal ini ditunjukkan dari perilaku koperasi dalam melakukan pembelian terhadap kopi anggota.Kata kunci: koperasi pertanian, kopi, petani, model simultan

RISIKO RANTAI PASOK AGROINDUSTRI SALAK MENGGUNAKAN FUZZY FMEA Ina Amanatur Risqiyah; Imam Santoso
Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis Vol. 14 No. 1 (2017): JMA Vol. 14 No. 1, Maret 2017
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

This research aims to identify and evaluate the risks of the supply chain management of salacca at the SME of Ambudi Makmur using fuzzy logic. In this research, identification of the supply chain risk was performed on each subject of supply chain using survey method. Furthermore, the results of supply chain risk in Ambudi Makmur were evaluated using FMEA’s fuzzy logic, a methodology using fuzzy logic to identify the problems or causes of failures that have occurred by consideration of criteria of Severity (S), Occurrence (O), and Detection (D). The identification results show that there are eight risk factors at the farm level, 11 risk factors, at the agribusiness industry level of SME of Ambudi Makmur, 4 risk factors at distributor level and 3 risk factors at the retailer level. The largest risk factor is in agribusiness industry, and the most dominant is on “make”. Based on the Fuzzy Risk Priority Number (FRPN), the first rank of risks of salacca supply chain is delay. Thus, this risk is the first priority that must be solved by Ambudi Makmur. Keywords: Fuzzy FMEA, risk supply chain, supply chainABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi dan mengevalusi risiko rantai pasok salak di UKM Ambudi Makmur Bangkalan menggunakan logika fuzzy. Pada penelitian ini identifikasi risiko rantai pasok dilakukan pada tiap pelaku rantai pasok menggunakan metode survei. Selanjutnya, hasil identifikasi risiko rantai pasok pada UKM Ambudi Makmur dievaluasi menggunakan logika fuzzy FMEA. Fuzzy FMEA merupakan metodologi yang memakai logika fuzzy dalam mengidentifikasi permasalahan atau penyebab kegagalan yang terjadi melalui pertimbangan kriteria severity (S), occurence (O), dan detection (D). Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan bahwa pada tingkat petani terdapat delapan faktor risiko, pada tingkat usaha agroindustri, yaitu UKM Ambudi Makmur terdapat 11 faktor risiko, pada tingkat distributor terdapat empat faktor risiko, pada tingkat retailer terdapat tiga faktor risiko. Faktor risiko paling banyak terdapat pada usaha agroindustri dan paling dominan terdapat pada unsur make. Berdasarkan perhitungan Fuzzy Risk Priority Number (FRPN), risiko yang mendapat ranking pertama adalah risiko pasokan komoditas salak mengalami keterlambatan. Dengan demikian, risiko ini merupakan prioritas pertama yang harus diatasi UKM Ambudi Makmur.Kata kunci: Fuzzy FMEA, rantai pasok, risiko rantai pasok

Biaya Transaksi dan Benefit Cost pada Integrasi Vertikal Rantai Nilai Agroindustri Kakao Skala Kecil Zulfiandri Zulfiandri; M. Syamsul Maarif; Aji Hermawan; Hartrisari Hardjomidjojo
Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis Vol. 14 No. 3 (2017): JMA Vol. 14 No. 3, November 2017
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

The government has provided incentives of technology to farmer groups engaged in the business of cocoa and chocolate. The incentives are expected to improve the downstream processes of the agricultural commodities. One downstream strategy developed by the government is developing a small capacity of the cocoa industry to undertake the processing of cocoa beans. The government intends to integrate the aquaculture sector (on-farm) with the processing sector (off-farm). This study aimed to analyze the transaction fee on each cocoa agro-industry value chain and analyze the feasibility of cocoa agro-industry vertical integration with benefit-cost ratio analysis in order to obtain the input vertical integration of agro-industry appropriate for cocoa farmer groups in Indonesia. The research showed that transaction costs increased concurrently with the vertical integration between small-scale cocoa value-chains. The vertical integration showed a positive correlation with the feasibility of cocoa agro-industry. If the business is run separately, it is a worthy effort in the early stage and late stage chains (culinary). If the business is integrated between stage 1 and stage 2, the value of BC ratio is still not feasible. The vertical integration stage 1, stage 2 and stage 3 cacao of the agro-industry produced a BC ratio of 1.12, indicating that the business is financially feasible.Keywords: cocoa agroindustry, technology incentives, transaction cost, benefit cost analysis, vertical integration

Uji Empirik Metode Pengukuran Hedging Ratio dan Efektivitas Hedging di Bursa Komoditas Berjangka Jakarta Buddi Wibowo
Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis Vol. 14 No. 3 (2017): JMA Vol. 14 No. 3, November 2017
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

Hedging strategies in the commodity futures market is strongly influenced by the estimation method of hedge ratio. This study examines the effectiveness of hedging strategy against cash position in Indonesia’s palm oil spot market using three hedge ratio estimation methods: OLS, Vector Error Correction Model, and Threshold-ARCH. The results show the hedging effectiveness in the Jakarta Futures Exchange is considerably highly effective to reduce the impact of fluctuations of spot price. The effectiveness of hedging strategy using OLS as the simplest method is close to VECM method and TARCH. The effectiveness of hedging strategy using OLS hedge ratio provides an opportunity for market player in implementing hedging strategy in Jakarta Futures Exchange due to its simplicity in estimation procedureKeywords: hedge ratio, hedging effectiveness, OLS, VECM, TARCH

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