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Constitution Journal
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri KH. Achmad Siddiq Jember
ISSN : -     EISSN : 29621720     DOI : https://doi.org/10.35719/constitution.v1i2
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities,
Religion Humanities
Constitution journal publishes articles on law studies from various perspectives, literature studies, and field studies. This journal emphasizes aspects constitutions, issues on constitutional law and state administrative law either in Indonesia or other countries all over the world.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 18 Documents
 1   2 
POLITIK HUKUM PEMBATASAN HAK PREROGATIF PRESIDEN DALAM PEMBENTUKAN KEMENTERIAN BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG KEMENTERIAN NEGARA: Politics of Law of Limitation of The President's Prerogative in the Formation of Ministries Based on The State Ministry Law Mario Agritama S W Madjid
Constitution Journal Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022): Constitution Journal December 2022
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (337.816 KB) | DOI: 10.35719/constitution.v1i2.31

Abstract

The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia mandates that it is necessary to have Ministers to assist the President in carrying out his executive duties. The logical consequence is that the President has the prerogative to determine the formation of the structure of Ministers in their cabinet. Historically, the President’s prerogative has problems such as the uncertainty of the number and type of Ministries which resulted in the cabinet being unable to run effectively and efficiently in carrying out the functions. The State Ministry Law exists to regulate how the formation, change, and dissolution of State Ministries, so that there are limits to the President’s power to determine the structure of Ministries in the cabinet in order to support the effectiveness of the running of government. This study intend to examine how the legal politics of the existence of restriction on the President’s prerogative in determining the structure of their cabinet based on The State Ministry Law. The type of research used in this study is normative juridical with the library research method. The data source used is secondary data which includes primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The results of this study is describe that The State Ministry Law has a responsive character because of the process of forming The State Ministry Law occurs through a democratic political configuration. Regarding the legal politics, the limitation of President’s prerogative in forming Ministries is aimed at strengthening the mechanism of checks and balances and strengthening the presidential system. Keywords: Politics of Law, Prerogatives, President, Ministry UUD 1945 mengamanatkan bahwa perlunya keberadaan Menteri untuk membantu Presiden dalam melaksanakan fungsinya di ranah ekesekutif. Konsekuensi logis dari hal tersebut adalah adanya hak prerogatif dari presiden untuk menentukan pembentukan struktur kementerian dalam kabinetnya. Dalam praktiknya hak prerogatif Presiden tersebut menuai problem, seperti tidak menentunya jumlah dan jenis kementerian yang berakibat pada tidak dapatnya berjalan efektif dan efisien suatu kabinet dalam menjalankan fungsinya. UU Kementerian Negara hadir sebagai upaya untuk mengatur bagaimana pembentukan, pengubahan, dan pembubaran kementerian negara, sehingga terdapat batasan terhadap kekuasaan presiden untuk menentukan struktur kementerian dalam kabinet dalam rangka menunjang efektifitas jalannya pemerintahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji bagaimana politik hukum dari adanya pembatasan hak prerogatif Presiden dalam menentukan struktur kabinetnya berdasarkan UU Kementerian Negara. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu yuridis normatif dengan dengan menggunakan pendekatan konstitusional dan peraturan perundang-undangan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menguraikan bahwa UU No. 39 Tahun 2008 tentang Kementerian Negara memiliki karakter yang responsif karena proses pembentukan UU a quo terjadi melalui konfigurasi politik yang demokrasi. Terhadap politik hukum pembatasan hak prerogatif presiden dalam pembentukan kementerian adalah bertujuan untuk memperkuat mekanisme check and balances dan memperkuat sistem presidensial. Kata Kunci : Politik Hukum, Hak Prerogatif, Presiden, Kementerian
PROBLEMATIKA KETERWAKILAN PEREMPUAN DALAM PENGISIAN KEANGGOTAAN KOMISI PEMILIHAN UMUM REPUBLIK INDONESIA: Problems Of Women's Representatives In Filling In The Election Commission Of The Republic Of Indonesia Chintya Amwlia
Constitution Journal Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022): Constitution Journal December 2022
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (329.515 KB) | DOI: 10.35719/constitution.v1i2.33

Abstract

The writing is aimed at finding problems that become obstacles for women in filling the representation quota at the Indonesian KPU. The next objective is to formulate strengthening efforts which are solutions to the problems at hand. Normative juridical and literature studies are the methods used in this writing. This research resulted in findings namely the obstacles in fulfilling women's representation in the KPU Institution. These obstacles arise from cultural factors, women's lack of knowledge and experience in electoral matters, as well as geographical problems. In this research also formulated efforts that can be done to break down these barriers. Keywords: women, affirmative action, general election commission Penulisan ditujukan guna menemukan permasalahan yang menjadi hambatan bagi perempuan dalam mengisi kuota keterwakilan di KPU RI. Tujuan berikutnya adalah untuk merumuskan upaya-upaya penguatan yang menjadi solusi atas masalah yang dihadapi. yuridis normatif serta studi kepustakaan merupakan metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini. Penelitian ini menghasilkan temuan yakni hambatan-hambatan dalam pemenuhan keterwakilan perempuan pada Lembaga KPU. Hambatan tersebut muncul dari faktor budaya, kurangnya pengetahuan dan pengalaman perempuan dalam kepemiluan, serta masalah geografis. Dalam penelitian ini dirumuskan pula upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengurai hambatan-hambatan tersebut. Kata Kunci: perempuan, affirmative action, komisi pemilihan umum
PEMILIHAN KEPALA DAERAH OLEH DEWAN PERWAKILAN RAKYAT DAERAH PASCA PUTUSAN MK NO. 85/PUU-XX/2022: Regional Head Elections by People’s Legislative Council after the Prevailing of Constitutional Court Decision No 85/PUU-XX/2022 Baharuddin Riqiey
Constitution Journal Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): Constitution Journal June 2023
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/constitution.v2i1.42

Abstract

The regional head election can be held in two models, namely direct election or election through People’s Legislative Council. Both are constitutional as stated in Constitutional Court Decision No. 97/PUU-XI/2013. However, after the prevailing of Constitutional Court Decision No. 85/PUU-XX/2022, which does not differentiate between general election and regional head election, then as one of the principles contained in Article 22E of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, namely the principle of "direct" becomes a problem. Thus, the aim of the paper is to examine and analyze the true meaning of the phrase "elected democratically" in Article 18 paragraph (4) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, and the constitutionality of Regional Head Elections by People’s Legislative Council as well as who has the authority to decide disputes over the regional head elections. Legal research method with normative design was applied. The research findings indicate that the phrase "elected democratically" in Article 18 paragraph (4) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia means that regional heads can be directly elected by the people or through People’s Legislative Council; but after the prevailing of Constitutional Court Decision No. 85/PUU-XX/2022, Regional Head Election through People’s Legislative Council is unconstitutional because it has been already included into the category of general election and must be carried out directly to the people as mandated in Article 22E of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, and the Constitutional Court  has the authority to decide disputes over the elections. Keywords: Pilkada, DPRD, Constitutional Court. Mekanisme pemilihan kepala daerah dapat dilaksanakan dengan dua model, yaitu dapat dilakukan secara langsung oleh rakyat, dan dapat dilakukan oleh DPRD. Dua model tersebut merupakan dua model yang konstitusional sebagaimana halnya dalam Putusan MK No. 97/PUU-XI/2013. Akan tetapi setelah lahirnya Putusan MK No. 85/PUU-XX/2022, yang mana tidak lagi membedakan antara rezim Pemilu dengan rezim Pilkada, maka sebagai salah satu asas yang terdapat pada Pasal 22E UUD NRI 1945 yakni asas “langsung” maka hal ini menjadi persoalan. Dengan demikian tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk mengkaji dan menganalisis makna sesungguhnya dari frasa “dipilih secara demokratis” dalam Pasal 18 ayat (4) UUD NRI 1945, serta konstitusionalitas Pemilihan Kepala Daerah oleh DPRD, dan siapa yang berwenang dalam memutus perselisihan hasil sengketa Pilkada. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian hukum dengan tipe penelitian normatif. Hasil penelitian ini menujukkan bahwa makna frasa “dipilih secara demokratis” dalam Pasal 18 ayat (4) UUD NRI 1945 dapat dipilih langsung oleh rakyat maupun juga dapat dipilih oleh DPRD akan tetapi pasca Putusan MK No. 85/PUU-XX/2022 Pemilihan Kepala Daerah oleh DPRD adalah inkonstitusional sebab Pilkada sudah masuk di dalam kategori rezim Pemilu dan harus dilakukan secara langsung oleh rakyat sebagaimana amanat dalam Pasal 22E UUD NRI 1945, dan yang berwenang dalam memutus perselisihan hasil sengketa Pilkada adalah MK. Kata Kunci : Pilkada, DPRD, Mahkamah Konstitusi
INTEGRASI SYARIAH DALAM PERATURAN DAERAH INDONESIA: DIALEKTIKA FILSAFAT HUKUM ISLAM PROFETIK DAN PARADIGMA THOMAS KUHN: Sharia Integration in Indonesian Regional Regulations: Dialectics of Prophetic Islamic Law Philosophy and Thomas Kuhn's Paradigm Gress Selly
Constitution Journal Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): Constitution Journal June 2023
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/constitution.v2i1.43

Abstract

The existence of Sharia Regional Regulations in Indonesia still reaps endless polemics over the suspicion of discriminatory policies that leads to human rights violations. Many Sharia Regional Regulations issued are influenced with the end of the Orde Baru regime which strongly encouraged the existence of sharia formalization into statutory regulations in the Reformasi Era. In practice, there are two different views in addressing the existence of these regional regulations, first where those who support the regulations by arguing the importance of regulating morality in society. On the other hand, these views are considered to be inconsistent with the state constitution and have a potential to cause socio-political turmoil considering that Indonesia is not a religious country. In addition, legal novelty becomes a necessity, where Thomas Kuhn argues that science is dynamic not static, legal science always experiences a revolution for legal novelty, and the adoption of Islamic law into positive law is a novelty for law paradigm in Indonesia. Using a literature study, this paper discusses how the principles of sharia integration into Regional Regulations using an overview of Islamic legal philosophy and the prophetic law paradigm. The results of the analysis show that the formalization of sharia into state administration affairs is influenced by historical factors to build the country with Islam as its national principle, as well as the influence of other factors such as social, cultural and religious. In the perspective of Islamic Law Philosophy, the function of legislation must be directed by policymakers to formulate rules oriented toward justice, expediency, and propriety. On the other hand, a review of Prophetic Law provides a view that Sharia Regional Regulations should not only limited to formal regulations which less represent values such as humanization, liberation, and transcendence. Keywords: Prophetic Law, Sharia Regional Regulation, Islamic Law, Legal Novelty, Thomas Kuhn.   Keberadaan perda berbasis syariah di Indonesia masih menuai polemik yang tidak berkesudahan akibat kekahawatiran adanya kebijakan yang diskriminatif dan mengarah kepada pelanggaran hak asasi manusia. Banyak perda syariah yang muncul tidak terlepas dari selesainya pengaruh rezim orde baru yang mendorong semangat formalisasi syariah ke dalam peraturan perundang-undangan begitu kuat di era reformasi. Secara praktikal terdapat dua pandangan yang berbeda dalam menyikapi eksistensi dari perda tersebut, dimana pihak yang mendukung berargumentasi akan pentingnya pengaturan moralitas di masyarakat, di sisi lain pandangan tersebut justru dianggap tidak selaras dengan konstitusi negara, dan berpotensi menimbulkan gejolak sosial-politik mengingat negara Indonesia bukanlah negara agama. Selain itu, kebaruan hukum menjadi sebuah keniscayaan, dimana Thomas Kuhn berpendapat bahwa ilmu adalah dinamis bukan statis, Ilmu hukum senantiasa mengalami sebuah revolusi untuk kebaruan hukum, dan adopsi hukum islam kedalam hukum positif merupakan kebaruan dalam paradigma hukum di Indonesia. Menggunakan studi literatur, tulisan ini akan membahas bagaimana prinsip integrasi syariah ke dalam Perda menggunakan tinjauan filsafat hukum Islam dan paradigma hukum profetik. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa, Formalisasi syariah ke dalam urusan penyelenggaraan negara tidak terlepas dari faktor historis untuk membangun negara berdasarkan Islam sebagai dasar negara, serta adanya pengaruh faktor lain seperti sosial, budaya dan agama yang telah mengakar kuat. Dalam perspektif Filsafat Hukum Islam, fungsi legislasi harus diarahkan oleh pembuat kebijakan untuk merumuskan aturan yang berorientasi kepada keadilan, kemanfaatan, dan kepatutan. Di sisi lain, tinjauan hukum profetik memberikan pandangan supaya adanya perda syariah tidak hanya sebatas peraturan formal yang kurang merepresentasikan nilai-nilai seperti humanisasi, liberasi dan transendensi. Kata Kunci : Hukum Profetik, Perda Syariah, Hukum Islam, Kebaruan Hukum, Thomas Kuhn.
Buying and Selling Gas LPG 3 Kg According to Law Number 8 of 1999 and Sharia: Case Study in Bengkalis District Zulfikar Hasan; Yuni Dhea Utari; Irlina Dewi
Constitution Journal Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): Constitution Journal June 2023
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/constitution.v2i1.44

Abstract

This analysis examined the phenomenon in Bengkalis District relating to purchasing 3 kg LPG gas. Researchers analyzed following Law No. 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection Against the sale and purchase of 3 kg LPG gas. In addition, the research tries to analyze the prohibition of ihtikar for staples. Many problems arise because a business actor, one of which is a business actor, reduces the contents volume of gas liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) by 3 kg. Constraints in implementing the protection of the Kosumen against the sale and purchase of gas in Bengkalis Sub-Electricity, consumers need help getting 3 kg LPG gas due to some obstacles. There are still many consumers who feel that they live in injustice carried out by business actors to sell their merchandise because many business actors are looking for profit from consumers. This study also exposed the Ihtikar prohibition for basic goods. This study uses a qualitative method based on Law No. 8 of 1999 and explores, according to Muslim scholars, the ban on the accumulation of goods
POLITIK HUKUM DI DALAM HAK KEBEBASAN BERPENDAPAT PADA UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 1 TAHUN 2023 TENTANG KITAB UNDANG-UNDANG HUKUM PIDANA: Legal Politics in the Right to Freedom of Speech in Law Number 1 of 2023 Concerning Book of Criminal Codes Ahmad Gelora Mahardika
Constitution Journal Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): Constitution Journal June 2023
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/constitution.v2i1.45

Abstract

Human rights are an essential part of the constitution. Therefore, any regulations should place human rights as the main paradigm in their formation process. Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Book of Criminal Code is a legal product emerged from a prolonged process. It is since the Indonesian legal system has a dream to have criminal law regulations that are in line with the values of the Indonesian nation. This concept is based on the fact that the previous Book of Criminal Code was a colonial legacy which of course was not in line with the traditions of the Indonesian nation. However, the existence of Articles 217 and 240 paragraph (1) of book of Criminal Codes which provide criminal sanctions for perpetrators of insulting against state institutions, government or President raises concerns that Indonesian law stands upright not to be in line with human rights principles. Based on that review, this article aims to answer the question of what it is the ideal political law related to insulting against President, state institutions or government to ensure that the Indonesian legal system is in line with human rights values, especially the right to freedom of speech. Normative juridical with comparative study was applied in this study. The hypothesis was that the provisions in Articles 217 and 240 paragraph (1) of Law Number 1 of 2023 contradict to human rights values. Keywords: human rights, law, government   Hak asasi manusia merupakan bagian penting dalam konstitusi. Oleh karena itulah, setiap regulasi apapun sepatutnya menempatkan hak asasi manusia sebagai paradigma utama dalam proses pembetukannya. UU Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 tentang KUHP merupakan produk hukum yang lahir dari proses yang berkepanjangan. Hal itu disebabkan, sistem hukum Indonesia mempunyai mimpi untuk mempunyai peraturan hukum pidana yang selaras dengan nilai-nilai bangsa Indonesia. Konsep tersebut disebabkan KHUP sebelumnya merupakan warisan kolonial yang tentu saja tidak selaras dan sejalan dengan tradisi bangsa Indonesia. Akan tetapi, adanya Pasal 217 dan 240 ayat (1) KHUP yang memberikan sanksi pidana bagi pelaku penghinaan terhadap lembaga negara, pemerintah atau Presiden memunculkan kekhawatiran bahwa hukum Indonesia justru berdiri tegak untuk tidak sejalan dengan prinsip hak asasi manusia. Berdasarkan hal tersebutlah, artikel ini hendak menjawab pertanyaan bagaimanakah politik hukum yang ideal terkait penghinaan terhadap Presiden, lembaga negara atau pemerintah untuk memastikan sistem hukum Indonesia selaras dengan nilai-nilai HAM khususnya hak untuk menyatakan pendapat. Metode penelitian yang penulis gunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan studi komparatif. Hipotesis dalam artikel ini adalah bahwa ketentuan dalam Pasal 217 dan 240 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 bertentangan dengan nilai-nilai hak asasi manusia. Kata Kunci : Hak Asasi Manusia, Hukum, Pemerintah.
CONSTITUTIONAL DISOBEDIENCE PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI: KAJIAN TERHADAP PERPPU CIPTA KERJA: Constitutional Disobedience of Constitutional Court Decisions: A Study of Job Creation Government Regulation in Lieu of Law Aprilian Sumodiningrat
Constitution Journal Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): Constitution Journal June 2023
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/constitution.v2i1.50

Abstract

Government Regulation in Lieu of Law Number 2 Year 2022, concerning on Job Creation, was issued based on several considerations, such as the urgency of geopolitical crisis caused by Russian-Ukraine war, the worsening of world economic chain, the inflation threat, the stagflation, and also the need for investor certainty. The issue definitely does not reflect the meaningful participation in acts formation as stated by Constitutional Court decision No. 9/PUU-XVIII/2020. The study aims to examine the Constitutional Disobedience for Job Creation Government Regulation in Lieu of Law. The research findings are as follows; the first, the condition of compelling emergency within was not met, so that it could be rescinded by the Constitutional Court; the second, its issue could be categorized as defiance of that Constitutional Court decision previously stated, since it did not match what it was instructed, yet not based on objective situation. Keywords: Perppu; Constitutional Dissobedience, President. Perppu nomor 2 tahun 2022 tentang Cipta Kerja dikeluarkan dengan beberapa pertimbangan, seperti adanya kegentingan memaksa berupa krisis geopolitik yang disebabkan oleh peperangan Rusia Ukraina, rantai ekonomi dunia yang semakin memburuk,  ancaman inflasi, stagflasi, hingga perlunya kepastian investor. Penerbitan Perppu tersebut, tentu tidak mencerminkan adanya meaningful participation dalam pembentukan undang-undang sebagaimana putusan MK No. 9/PUU-XVIII/2020. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji mengenai Constitutional Disobedience dalam penerbitan Perppu Cipta Kerja. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan, pertama, syarat "ihwal kegentingan memaksa" dalam Perppu Cipta Kerja tidak terpenuhi, sehingga Perppu tersebut dapat dibatalkan oleh MK. Kedua, penerbitan Perppu Cipta Kerja oleh Presiden dapat dikategorikan sebagai pembangkangan atas putusan MK No 9/PUU-XVIII/2020, karena tidak sesuai dengan yang diamanatkan, serta tidak berdasarkan keadaan objektif penerbitan Perppu. Kata Kunci: Perppu; Pembangkangan Konstitusi, Presiden.
ANALISIS YURIDIS PUTUSAN MK NOMOR 79/PUU-XVII/2019 TENTANG REVISI KEDUA UNDANG-UNDANG KPK: Juridical Analysis of Constitutional Court Decision No. 79/PUU-XVII/2019 Concerning the Second Revision of Corruption Eradication Commission Law Ahmad Deni Rofiqi; Sholikul Hadi
Constitution Journal Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): Constitution Journal June 2023
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/constitution.v2i1.54

Abstract

The Constitutional Court as the guardian of constitution is responsible for the implementation of fair national life as mandated by the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. As in the controversy over the second revision of the Corruption Eradication Commission Law, the Constitutional Court needs to be present to guarantee the process of drafting, discussing and ratifying a law to know whether it has complied with the constitution or not. Thus, the mandate given to the Corruption Eradication Commission can be carried out in a directed manner based on the laws of eradicating corruption in Indonesia. The study applied normative juridical research methods with statute approach, historical approach, conceptual approach, analytical approach and philosophical approach. The research findings showed that the Constitutional Judge's Decision which stated that the appellants’ arguments were groundless according to law could not be justified and the Corruption Eradication Commission was weakened through this second revision of law Keywords: Weakened, KPK, Constitutional Court Decision..   Mahkamah Konstitusi sebagai the guardian of constitution bertanggungjawab atas terselenggaranya kehidupan bernegara yang berkeadilan sebagaimana amanah Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia 1945. Seperti dalam kontroversi revisi kedua Undang-Undang KPK, Mahkamah Konstitusi perlu hadir untuk menjamin proses penyusunan, pembahasan dan pengesahan suatu undang-undang telah sesuai dengan konstitusi. Sehingga, mandat yang diberikan kepada Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi dapat dijalankan secara terarah berdasarkan undang-undang yang telah diatur untuk memberantas korupsi di Indonesia. Menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normative dengan pendekatan undang-undangan (statute approach), pendekatan kasus (case approach), pendekatan historis (historical approach), pendekatan konseptual (conseptual approach), pendekatan analitis (analythical approach) dan pendekatan filsafat (philosophical approach) menghasilkan simpulan bahwa Putusan Hakim konstitusi yang menyatakan dalil para pemohon tidak beralasan menurut hukum, tak dapat dibenarkan dan lembaga KPK dilemahkan melalui revisi kedua Undang-Undang ini.    Kata Kunci : Dilemahkan,  KPK, Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi.

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