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Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan
Published by Universitas Syiah Kuala
ISSN : 23561661     EISSN : 14125064     DOI : https://doi.org/10.23955/rkl.v17i2.25520
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Control & Systems Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology
The Journal of Chemical Engineering and Environment is an open access journal that publishes papers on chemical engineering and environmental engineering. The following topics are included in these sciences: a. Food and biochemical engineering b. Catalytic reaction engineering c. Clean energy technology d. Environmental and safety technology e. Fundamentals of chemical engineering and applied industrial engineering f. Industrial chemical engineering g. Material science engineering h. Process and control engineering i. Polymer and petrochemical technology j. Membrane technology k. Agro-industrial technology l. Separation and purification technology m. Environmental modelling n. Environmental and information sciences o. Water and waste water treatment and management p. Material flow analysis q. Mechanisms of clean development
Arjuna Subject : Teknik Kimia (semua kategori) - Teknik Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 255 Documents
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Pengaruh pH dan Dosis NaOCl terhadap Penurunan Kadar COD dan Klor Bebas pada Limbah Cair Produksi Monomer Vinyl Klorida Ratnawati Ratnawati; Linda Aliffia Yoshi; Surya Aji Wibawa
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 13, No 2 (2018): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan (December, 2018)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (245.356 KB) | DOI: 10.23955/rkl.v13i2.10947

Abstract

Limbah cair dari produksi monomer vinyl klorida merupakan limbah yang mempunyai kandungan Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) yang tinggi yaitu sekitar 1000 ppm dan Biohemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) sekitar 500 ppm, sedangkan nilai maksimal standar baku mutu air buangan ke badan air adalah 250 ppm untuk COD dan 100 ppm untuk BOD. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh pH dan dosis NaOCl terhadap penurunan COD dan kadar klor bebas serta untuk mendapatkan nilai pH dan dosis NaOCl yang optimal. Limbah cair produksi monomer vinyl klorida yang digunakan adalah limbah dari Pabrik X yang berada di Cilegon. Kadar COD yang tinggi disebabkan oleh kandungan senyawa Na(COOH) dalam limbah cair tersebut. Penurunkan nilai COD telah dilakukan dengan penambahan NaOCl yang merupakan salah satu produk dari Pabrik X tersebut sebesar 10 gam/jam pada pH 2, namun hasilnya belum memenuhi persyaratan. Pada penelitian ini digunakan variasi pH pada 2, 5 dan 8 serta dosis NaOCl yang ditambahkan sebesar 10, 20, 30, 40 dan 50 gram/jam dengan laju alir limbah cair yang diolah di unit pengolahan limbah cair tersebut sebesar 20 m3/jam. Parameter yang diukur dalam penelitian ini adalah kadar COD dan kadar klor bebas sebelum dan sesudah proses. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada pH 5 dengan dosis NaOCl 40 dan 50 gram/jam, proses ini memberikan hasil terbaik karena dapat menurunkan kadar COD dari 1034 sampai 190 dan 130 ppm (efisiensi penurunan 82,5 dan 87 %) dengan kadar klor bebas 0,8 dan 1 ppm yang telah memenuhi nilai baku mutu sesuai peraturan pemerintah.
Prediction of Water Loss During Potato Vacuum Frying Process Muhammad Dani Supardan; Satriana Satriana
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 6, No 2 (2007): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (121.818 KB)

Abstract

Vacuum frying may be a good alternative for the production of dehydrated fruit and vegetable slices. In this study, a relationship between water losses with frying time during vacuum frying process of potato chips has been developed. A first order kinetic model was used, in which drying rate constant is a function of the main process variables, i.e. oil temperature, sample thickness and vacuum pressure. The experimental data of Garayo and Moreira (2000) have been used to validate the model. Generally there was a good agreement between the calculated results and the experimental data. Then, the effect of initial water content and vacuum pressure has been studied.Keywords: kinetic model, potato, vacuum frying, water loss
Recovery of Organic and Amino Acids from Sludge and Fish Waste in Sub Critical Water Conditions Muhammad Faisal; Hiroyuki Daimon; Koichi Fujie
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 8, No 2 (2011): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (237.047 KB)

Abstract

The possibility of organic and amino acid production from the treatment of sludge and fish waste using water at sub critical conditions was investigated. The results indicated that at sub-critical conditions, where the ion product of water went through a maximum, the formation of organic acids was favorable. The presence of oxidant favored formation of acetic and formic acid. Other organic acids of significant amount were propionic, succinic and lactic acids. Depending on the type of wastes, formation of other organic acids was also possible. Knowing the organic acids obtained by hydrolysis and oxidation in sub-critical water of various wastes are useful in designing of applicable waste treatment process, complete degradation of organic wastes into volatile carbon and water, and also on the viewpoint of resource recovery. The production of lactic acid was discussed as well. The results indicated that temperature of 573 K, with the absence of oxidant, yield of lactic acid from fish waste was higher than sewage sludge. The maximum yield of total amino acids (137 mg/g-dry fish) from waste fish entrails was obtained at subcritical condition (T = 523 K, P = 4 MPa) at reaction time of 60 min by using the batch reactor. The amino acids obtained in this study were mainly alanine and glycine.Keywords:  organic acids, amino acids, sub-critical water, hydrothermal, resources recovery
Sodium Hydroxide Treatment for Cellulose Fiber Accessibility from Corncobs under Microwave Assistive Muhammad Hanif; Aknasasia Virginia Krisanti; Selvy Salfitri; Yuli Darni; Herti Utami; Edwin Azwar; Poernomo Gunawan
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 16, No 2 (2021): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan (December, 2021)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (613.163 KB) | DOI: 10.23955/rkl.v16i2.20061

Abstract

Corncob is abundantly available lignocellulosic biomass resources obtained from crops harvesting and found to be solid waste accumulation on a field. Less corncob is used as a solid fuel for cooking, and a more significant portion is vanished on the field by burning. Promisingly, corncob contains considerable cellulose as one value-added component potentially utilized as biomaterial or biofuel feedstock. However, the presence of lignin in natural lignocellulosic biomass results in recalcitrant structure and hinders cellulose accessibility. This study aimed to investigate microwave-assisted alkaline treatment to retain cellulose in the solid product while removing other impurities in corncob, especially hemicellulose and lignin. Sodium hydroxide was selected as a chemical with some variations in concentration. The chemical treatment was carried out under 400 W microwave power with various residence times and a 1:10 solid to liquor ratio. The cellulose content upgraded from 26.97% to 71.26% while reducing hemicellulose and lignin from 38.49% to 18.15% and 19.28% to 6.4%, respectively, on chemical treatment using 8% sodium hydroxide concentration for 20 minutes residence time. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis also confirmed the results. The treated corncob also increased its crystallinity from 30.11% to 52.91%.
Recovery Process of Condensate the Ammonia Wastewater Plant of PT.PIM with A Combination of Technology Air Stripping Jet Bubble Colum, Advance Oxidation process and Ion Exchange Resin Muhammad Nur; Edi Munawar; Mariana Mariana
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 12, No 1 (2017): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (469.874 KB) | DOI: 10.23955/rkl.v12i1.5503

Abstract

Abstract Study of reducing the content of ammonia, carbon dioxide and organic contaminants in wastewater process condensate using a combination of technologies of water Jet Stripping Bubble Colum, Advance Oxidation Process and Ion Exchange Resin have been done. The aims of this research is to look the effect of hydraulic resident time in Jet Stripping Bubble Colum and the amount of the addition of Ozon/H2O2 to reduction the content of carbon dioxide and organic contaminants as well as ammonia removal with ion exchange resin on the process condensate so that can be reuse as boiler feed water in ammonia plant of PT. PIM. This research was conducted using a combination Air Stripping Jet Bubble Colum, Advance Oxidation Process and Ion Exchange Resin which equipped with water and air flows adjustment. The water flow enter the column, pressure of the Colum and diameter of nozzle was maintained constantnts during experiment, while the air flow rate enter to the column, H2O2/O3 concentrations and the hydraulic retention time was vary  respectively. The results showed that the water Jet Stripping Bubble Colum at 50 Psi air pressure capable of achieving CO2 lowers 87.60% and ammonia to 65.31%. AOP technology capable of lowering the content of organic contaminant to 80.71% with the addition of hydrogen peroxide 8,000 ppm with a residence time 180 minutes. While the ammonia remaining in the water the process of condensate action exchange resin using eliminated with a reduction of ammonia reached 98.57%, so that the recovery process of water condensate technology uses a combination of Air Stripping Jet Bubble Colum, Advance Hydrocarbon processes (AOP) and Ion Exchange Resins already meets the requirements of viable reuses boiler feed water. The ammonia reduction was determined by using ASTM-D 1426 method, the carbon dioxide by using ASTM-512 method, and the organic contaminants by using titrimetric method (SII-0071). Keyword   :  Air Stripping Jet Bubble Colum, Advance Oxidation Process (AOP), Ammonia Removal, Carbon Dioxide Removal.
Green Gasification Technology for Wet Biomass W. H. Chong; J. W. Leong; J. H. Leong; I. Mohammad Halim Shah
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 7, No 4 (2010): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (388.994 KB)

Abstract

The world now is facing two energy related threats which are lack of sustainable, secure and affordable energy supplies and the environmental damage acquired in producing and consuming ever-increasing amount of energy. In the first decade of the twenty-first century, increasing energy prices reminds us that an affordable energy plays an important role in economic growth and human development. To overcome the abovementioned problem, we cannot continue much longer to consume finite reserves of fossil fuels, the use of which contributes to global warming. Preferably, the world should move towards more sustainable energy sources such as wind energy, solar energy and biomass. However, the abovementioned challenges may not be met solely by introduction of sustainable energy forms. We also need to use energy more efficiently. Developing and introducing more efficient energy conversion technologies is therefore important, for fossil fuels as well as renewable fuels. This assignment addresses the question how biomass may be used more efficiently and economically than it is being used today. Wider use of biomass, a clean and renewable feedstock may extend the lifetime of our fossil fuels resources and alleviate global warming problems. Another advantage of using of biomass as a source of energy is to make developed countries less interdependent on oil-exporting countries, and thereby reduce political tension. Furthermore, the economies of agricultural regions growing energy crops benefit as new jobs are created.Keywords: energy, gasification, sustainable, wet biomass
Pelapisan Silika pada Stainless Steel secara Elektroforesis Disertai Anodisasi untuk Perlindungan Korosi Ni Made Intan Putri Suari; Delyana Ratnasari; Sahara Tulaini; Widiyastuti Widiyastuti; Heru Setyawan
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 14, No 1 (2019): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan (June, 2019)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (226.642 KB) | DOI: 10.23955/rkl.v14i1.13159

Abstract

Penelitian ini mempelajari pengaruh anodisasi terhadap karakteristik perlindungan korosi lapisan silika pada permukaan stainless steel. Anodisasi dilakukan menggunakan larutan asam oksalat dengan memvariasikan waktu anodisasi dan beda tegangan. Elektroforesis dilakukan menggunakan campuran sol silika, isopropanol dan asam asetat dengan perbandingan mol 0,0028 : 0,5048 : 0,1938 selama 10 menit dengan amplitudo 0,5 V, frekuensi 80 Hz dan duty cycle 60%. Dilakukan uji Particle Size Analyzer (PSA) terhadap sol silika. Diperoleh distribusi ukuran partikel sebesar 3,19 nm dan zeta potensial -31,68 mV. Dilakukan analisa polarisasi linear dan Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) dengan larutan NaCl 3,5% serta Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) terhadap lapisan yang terbentuk pada permukaan stainless steel. Dari hasil analisa diperoleh logam yang telah dianodisasi dan elektroforesis memiliki kemampuan perlindungan korosi lebih baik dibanding logam tanpa perlakuan. Waktu dan beda tegangan saat anodisasi berpengaruh terhadap karakteristik perlindungan korosi lapisan pada logam. Diperoleh waktu anodisasi optimum selama 20 menit dan voltase 10 volt dengan laju korosi sebesar 0,000659 mm/tahun. Untuk uji EIS, nilai admitan dan nilai tahanan pori masing-masing sebesar 1.824,7 ohm dan 0,0010226 Mho. Hasil SEM menunjukkan bahwa setelah dilakukan anodisasi terbentuk lapisan yang berpori yang nantinya menjadi tempat menempelnya silika pada proses elektroforesis.
Produksi Bioplastik dari Sorgum dan Selulosa Secara Termoplastik Yuli Darni; Tosty Maylangi Sitorus; Muhammad Hanif
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 10, No 2 (2014): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (693.798 KB) | DOI: 10.23955/rkl.v10i2.2420

Abstract

Produksi bioplastik dari sorgum dan selulosa hasil ekstraksi rumput laut eucheuma spinosum dengan gliserol sebagai pemplastis secara termoplastik telah diteliti. Variabel yang diteliti adalah perbandingan massa pati sorgum dengan selulosa sebesar 10:0; 9,5:0,5; 8,5:1,5; 7,5:2,5; 6,5:3,5; 5,5:4,5 (w/w). Partikel pati sorgum dan selulosa berukuran lolos ayakan 63 ?m. Proses sintesis diawali dengan sonifikasi selama 60 menit pada suhu 80oC, dilanjutkan dengan gelatinisasi yang dijalankan di dalam reaktor batch berpengaduk pada kecepatan 916 rpm dan suhu 95oC selama 35 menit. Hasilnya dikeringkan di dalam oven bersuhu 60oC selama 8 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik bioplastik terbaik diperoleh ketika perbandingan massa pati-selulosa sebesar 6,5:3,5 (w/w). Bioplastik ini memiliki kuat tarik 11,53 kPa, perpanjangan 32,75%, Modulus Young 46,946 kPa, dan densitas 150 kg/m3. Film bioplastik ini dapat diaplikasikan untuk pengemas makanan dan industri obat-obatan.
The Phenomena of Spreading of Hydrotalcite Sol on A Porous Silica Surface Governed by Marangoni Effect Z. Helwani; N. Aziz; I. K. Shamsudin; M. R. Othman
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 9, No 2 (2012): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (317.49 KB)

Abstract

Wetting phenomena plays a crucial role in a wide range of technological applications. Spreading of liquids on solids involving phase change is encountered in many areas ranging from biological systems to industrial applications such as coatings, printing, painting and spraying. The fundamental study on wetting of membrane precursors namely hydrotalcite sols on a porous silica surface with different types of precursor material was successfully carried out. Relationship between the contact angle of a hydrotalcite droplet on silica surface and the Marangoni effect was also investigated. The presence of PVA in hydrotalcite sols was found to influence the rheological properties of the sols significantly, resulting in higher viscosity and ultimately leading to lower contact angle on solid surfaces. The degree of hydrotalcite's philicity on a substrate was improved by the addition of PVA solution. In this study, the spreading of a liquid droplet on a solid surface controlled by a surface tension gradient, due to Marangoni effect was found to drive better spreading of the liquid droplet. Marangoni Number, Ma was found to be proportionally related with the surface tension of the sols but inversely proportional to contact angles of the sols. Marangoni forces that decreased the contact angle, promoted spreading of hydrotalcite droplets on the selected glass substrates.Keywords: contact angle, hydrotalcite, marangoni effect, spreading, wetting evolution
Adsorption of Mercury Using Different Types of Activated Bentonite: A Study of Sorption, Kinetics, and Isotherm Models Muhammad Naswir; Jalius Jalius; Desfaur Natalia; Susila Arita; Yudha Gusti Wibowo
Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan Vol 15, No 2 (2020): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan (December, 2020)
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (777.78 KB) | DOI: 10.23955/rkl.v15i2.17784

Abstract

Mercury is a hazardous element because of its toxicity and harmful effects on human health. Various traditional and low-cost methods have been developed to remove mercury from wastewater. This study used local raw material as an alternative adsorbent to treat mercury-contaminated wastewater. Activated bentonite was prepared using different chemical activators (H3PO4, HCl, and ZnCl2) in various concentrations. Then, it was dried at 200°C for an hour. The materials were characterized by SEM-EDS. Its percent removal and isotherm models were analyzed. In this study, the most effective activator was H3PO4 and the experimental data matched the Freundlich model. 

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