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Journal of Governance and Social Policy
Published by Universitas Syiah Kuala
ISSN : 27456617     EISSN : 27233758     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24815/gaspol
Core Subject : Humanities, Art, Social,
Arts Humanities Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
The journal aims to provide an in-depth analysis of organizational, administrative, and policy science developments that apply to government and governance. Each issue brings you critical perspectives and convincing analysis, functioning as a way out for the best theoretical and research work in this field.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Administrasi Publik
Articles 53 Documents
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Peran Ulama Dalam Sistem Pemerintahan di Propinsi Aceh Zainal Abidin
Journal of Governance and Social Policy Vol 2, No 2 (2021): DECEMBER 2021
Publisher : Department of Government Studies, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (211.871 KB) | DOI: 10.24815/gaspol.v2i2.23663

Abstract

Salah satu keistimewaan Aceh yang diberikan oleh pemerintah pusat pasca reformasi dibawah payung hukum Undang-Undang Nomor 44 Tahun 1999 tentang Penyelenggaraan Keistimewaan Aceh adalah terkait dengan peran ulama dalam penetapan kebijakan daerah, kemudian peran tersebut juga kembali dituangkan dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2006 tentang Pemerintah Aceh. Namun, dalam implementasinya ternyata ulama belum diberikan peran yang signifikan dalam penetapan kebijakan di ranah lokal. Ulama hanya berperan dalam kebijakan terkait kegamaan saja, tidak seluruh bidang aspek pemerintahan. Dalam praktinya, kebijakan yang dibahas bersama antara Pemerintah, Dewan, dan Majelis Permusyawaratan Ulama (MPU) sering diabaikan, sehingga paket kebijakan pemerintah daerah lebih dominan dikendalikan oleh kepentingan pemerintah daerah dan Dewan. Kondisi ini sekaligus memperlihatkan bahwasanya kedudukan MPU kurang tepat dikatakan sebagai mitra sejajar dengan pemerintah daerah dan Dewan, namun lebih kepada sekedar pemberi nasehat saja.One of the privileges of Aceh given by the central government after the reform under the legal umbrella of Law Number 44 of 1999 concerning the Implementation of the Privileges of Aceh is related to the role of ulama in determining regional policies, then this role is also re-asserted in Law Number 11 of 2006 concerning Aceh Government. However, in its implementation, it turns out that the ulama have not been given a significant role in setting policies in the local sphere. Ulama only play a role in policies related to religion, not all aspects of government. In practice, policies that are discussed jointly between the Government, the Council, and the Ulema Consultative Council (MPU) are often ignored, so that the regional government's policy package is more dominantly controlled by the interests of the regional government and the Council. This condition also shows that the MPU's position is not appropriate to say that it is an equal partner with the regional government and the Council, but rather merely as an advisor.
Effectiveness of Arbitration as an Alternative Dispute Resolution in Bangladesh Md. Nazmul Haq; Jannatul Ferdous; Rajib Chandra Das
Journal of Governance and Social Policy Vol 2, No 1 (2021): JUNE 2021
Publisher : Department of Government Studies, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (548.613 KB) | DOI: 10.24815/gaspol.v2i1.20876

Abstract

The structured legal system of Bangladesh is costly and takes a long time to complete. As a result, poor citizens in rural areas can seldom seek justice through the formal judicial process. The costs of hiring a lawyer, the time and money expended in court, and the amount of talent, schooling, and experience needed to litigate all act as roadblocks to justice. As a result, poor people prefer or have no choice but to use conventional justice systems such as Shalish. However, Shalish is a very informal type of local judicial practice that heavily influences rural society’s power structure. With time, people with special interests and musclemen dominate the informal justice system at the village level. Alternative dispute resolution (ADR) had arisen in the Indian subcontinent to improve the village justice system's condition. For the past 35 years, the state-led rural justice system, such as Shalish and village court, has played an essential role in resolving petty rural litigation, but at a sluggish and informal pace. In the evolving landscape of rustic political influence, this age-old court is having difficulty dispensing justice to the countryside citizens. The study looked at the existing rural informal justice systems in Bangladesh, especially the Union Parishad-led ADR, and argued that, if adequately enabled and revamped, this justice system could be a desirable alternative to the formal system of justice for people living in rural areas. The study aimed to recognize the obstacles that the Union Parishad faces in dispensing justice, both directly and indirectly (UP).
Konsolidasi Elit Dalam Membentuk Kekuasaan Politik Lokal Keluarga Mus di Kabupaten Kepulauan Sula Fitri Aprillia Fokatea; Wawan Mas'udi
Journal of Governance and Social Policy Vol 1, No 2 (2020): DECEMBER 2020
Publisher : Department of Government Studies, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (233.759 KB) | DOI: 10.24815/gaspol.v1i2.18530

Abstract

Studi ini menekankan pada bagaimana konsolidasi elit dilakukan untuk membentuk dan mempertahankan kekuasaan bagi sebuah politik keluarga di Kabupaten Kepulauan Sula. Bermula dari salah satu anggota keluarga yang maju dan berhasil dalam Pilkada sebagai Bupati, lalu menciptakan elit lokal Kepulauan Sula yang baru sehingga sumber-sumber kekuasaan dapat dikelola untuk membentuk suatu politik keluarga yang dikenal dengan Keluarga Mus. Penelitian bersifat deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, data diperoleh melalui observasi lapangan, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa ada beberapa jalur yang digunakan keluarga Mus untuk melanggengkan kuasa politiknya. Dua jalur utama sebagai sumber kekuasaan yakni melalui kooptasi kekuasaan di internal partai politik dan juga jalur birokrasi. Selain itu, dugaan adanya jalur sumber kekuasaan lain yaitu melalui pemekaran Pulau Taliabu yang juga akan dijelaskan. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa elit lokal di Kepulauan Sula melalui konsolidasi kekuatan dan kekuasaannya telah menciptakan satu fenomena politik yakni hadirnya politik keluarga di Kabupaten Kepulauan Sula. Penelitian ini diharapkan memberikan kontribusi keilmuan di bidang politik dan pemerintahan, dan secara praktis memberikan pelajaran penting bagaimana elit lokal meraih kekuasaan politiknya.This study emphasizes how elite consolidation is carried out to form and maintain power for family politics in the Sula Islands Regency. Starting from one of the family members who advanced and succeeded in the Pilkada as a Regent, then created a new local elite in the Sula Islands. The sources of power could be managed to form a family politics known as the Mus Family. This research is descriptive using a qualitative approach, data obtained through field observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The study results found that there were several routes used by the Mus family to perpetuate their political power. Two main lines as a source of power, namely through the co-optation of power within political parties and bureaucracy. Also, the alleged existence of another source of power through Taliabu Island's expansion will be explained. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the local elites in the Sula Islands, through their consolidation of strength and power, have created a political phenomenon, namely the presence of family politics in the Regency of Sula Islands. This research is expected to contribute to science in politics and government and practically provide important lessons on how local elites gain political power.
Service Delivery Performance of Urban Local Government in Bangladesh Jannatul Ferdous; Rajib Chandra Das
Journal of Governance and Social Policy Vol 3, No 1 (2022): JUNE 2022
Publisher : Department of Government Studies, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (222.587 KB) | DOI: 10.24815/gaspol.v3i1.25587

Abstract

Urban local government is critical to the delivery of essential services to residents. Paurashava is one of the tiers of local governments in Bangladesh. But, Paurashava is faced with increasing financial problems. Due to financial restrictions, city governments seem unable to expand much-needed infrastructure and utility services, as well as maintain current facilities at a sufficient level. To enhance urban living standards and alleviate constraints on the national budget, these governments' financial positions must be strengthened. The present study is aimed at exploring the performance management of Paurashava service delivery through utilizing mixed methods. Three Paurashavas were sampled for an in-depth study. The findings of the study reveal that resource mobilization opportunities in Bangladesh's urban areas are limited. A percentage of government grants that are paid based on performance can also be utilized to generate local resources. The major problems are inadequate assessment, inelasticity of revenue, employee training, and poor administration. This paper shows the performance evaluation of the Paurashava by its clients. Thus, this research is helpful to local government policymakers, municipal authorities as policy implementers and service providers, academicians, and those interested in local government and decentralized service delivery systems.
Implementation of the Curfew as a Policy of the Aceh Government on Handling COVID-19: A Social Responsibility Khalida Ulfa; Safirussalim Safirussalim
Journal of Governance and Social Policy Vol 2, No 2 (2021): DECEMBER 2021
Publisher : Department of Government Studies, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (415.987 KB) | DOI: 10.24815/gaspol.v2i2.22714

Abstract

The world was shocked by an outbreak in East Asian countries, precisely in China, Wuhan, Hubei Province, last December 2019. This outbreak is known as Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), which attacks the respiratory tract and leads to death. This COVID-19 has hit worldwide, including Indonesia and has spread to all provinces, including the province of Aceh. The Aceh government has imposed restrictions on activities at night to break the chain of the spread of COVID-19. However, polemics have emerged from the community about this policy. The purpose of writing this article is to analyze the implementation of the Curfew as a policy of the Aceh government towards dealing with COVID-19 and the obstacles to its implementation. The research method uses a qualitative descriptive approach. The data sources are obtained from journals and the latest news about COVID-19—the data analysis technique used Nvivo plus 12 analysis. The results showed that the curfew policy in Aceh could not be fully implemented properly due to the pros and cons of the community, even though the government had taken its social responsibility in society. Thus, the policy must be thoroughly considered for the sake of the survival and welfare of the community, especially for those from the lower-middle economic class.
Peran Pemerintah Aceh Dalam Mendukung Standarisasi Kopi Menurut Konsep Value Chain Governance Wais Alqarni; Farnanda Farnanda; Said Hamzali
Journal of Governance and Social Policy Vol 1, No 2 (2020): DECEMBER 2020
Publisher : Department of Government Studies, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (245.323 KB) | DOI: 10.24815/gaspol.v1i2.19039

Abstract

Provinsi Aceh merupakan salah satu provinsi di Indonesia yang memiliki potensi kopi yang bercita rasa tinggi. Komoditi ini menjadi banyak memberikan kontribusi dalam perolehan devisa kepada negara. Peneliti menarik melihat Peran Pemerintah Aceh Dalam Mendukung Standarisasi Kopi Menurut Konsep Value Chain Governance. Sampel penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara studi pustaka dengan referensi yang kuat dan bisa dipertanggung jawabkan. Adapun konsep yang penulis gunakan dalam melihat standarisasi tersebut adalah konsep Governance of Value Chain dengan berfokus pada rule-keeping dan rule-making, yang di dalamnya terdapat peran pemerintah dan juga pihak swasta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tiga variasi peran pemerintah (eksekutif, legislatif dan yudikatif) belum berjalan maksimal. Hal ini terlihat dengan belum bersinerginya ketiga lembaga tersebut dalam melakukan peran untuk standarisasi ekspor kopi. Ini juga yang mengakibatkan belum maksimalnya pendapatan daerah dari hasil ekspor kopi. The province of Aceh is one of provinces in Indonesia that have the potential coffee high flavor. Commodity this be contributed a lot in foreign exchange earnings to the state. Researchers interesting look at the Role of the Government of Aceh In Support of the Standardization of Coffee According to the Concept of Value Chain Governance. Sample this research was conducted by means of literature with strong references and can be accounted for. As for the concept that the authors use in view of standardization is the concept of Governance of the Value Chain with focus on rule-keeping and rule-making, that in it there is the role of the government and also private parties. The results showed that the three variations of the role of government (executive, legislative and judicial) has not been running optimally. It is seen with yet the synergy of the three institutions in performing the role for the standardization of the export of coffee. This also resulted in not maximum revenue from the proceeds of coffee exports.
Dampak Public-Private Partnership di Freeport bagi Penghidupan Lokal dan Lingkungan Timika Papua Khalisni Khalisni; Effendi Hasan; Ubaidullah Ubaidullah
Journal of Governance and Social Policy Vol 3, No 2 (2022): DECEMBER 2022
Publisher : Department of Government Studies, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (408.181 KB) | DOI: 10.24815/gaspol.v3i2.29488

Abstract

Proyek public-private partnership (PPP) memberikan kemudahan bagi pemerintah dalam penyelenggaraan pelayanan publik. Hanya saja, tulisan ini berpandangan bahwa sektor natural resources tidak sesuai dengan model kerja PPP. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan argumen tersebut dengan cara mengangkat pengalaman PT Freeport Indonesia sebagai studi kasus. Ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang berbasis pada sumber data skunder. Total 117 artikel yang dihimpun, tetapi 28 yang terhubung dengan tujuan utama. Tiga pembahasan dimuat tentang idealitas PPP yang berkelanjutan sustainable, dampak PPP pada PT Freeport Indonesia bagi penghidupan masyarakat lokal dan lingkungan, dan rekomendasi kebijakan. Artikel ini menyampaikan temuan bahwa kerjasama sektor publik dan swasta untuk Freeport telah merugikan kehidupan warga lokal. Kerugian tampak pada lingkungan, sosial, ekonomi, dan budaya. Prinsip sustainable development yang identik dengan keadilan di masa sekarang tanpa mengorbankan kemampuan generasi mendatang untuk memenuhi kebutuhan mereka sendiri, jelas tidak sesuai dengan proyek PPP di sektor natural resources. Sehingga, argumen utama dalam artikel ini didukung. Studi ini menyarankan pemerintah Indonesia perlu mengkaji ulang peraturan pajak dan royalti demi meningkatkan keuntungan bagi Timika yang terkena dampak.The public-private partnership (PPP) project provides convenience for the government in administering public services. However, this paper believes that the natural resources sector needs to follow the PPP working model. This article aims to prove this argument using P.T. Freeport Indonesia's experience as a case study. This is a qualitative research based on secondary data. A total of 117 articles were collected, but 28 were linked to the main objective. Three discussions are published regarding the ideals of a sustainable PPP, the impact of PPP on P.T. Freeport Indonesia for the livelihoods of local communities and the environment, and policy recommendations. This article conveys the finding that public and private sector cooperation for Freeport has harmed the lives of residents. Losses appear in the environmental, social, economic, and cultural. The principle of sustainable development, which is synonymous with justice in the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs, is not under PPP projects in the natural resources sector. Thus, the main argument in this article is supported. The study suggests that the Indonesian government needs to review tax and royalty regulations to increase profits for affected Timika.
Kegagalan Jokowi Ma’ruf di Aceh Pada Pilpres 2019 Muliawati Muliawati; Rizal Fahmi
Journal of Governance and Social Policy Vol 1, No 1 (2020): JUNE 2020
Publisher : Department of Government Studies, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (212.901 KB) | DOI: 10.24815/gaspol.v1i1.17328

Abstract

Selama berkontestasi politik di dua kali ajang Pilpres, Joko Widodo (Jokowi) belum pernah merasakan kemenangan di Propinsi Aceh, adapun kekalahan di Pilpres 2019 memiliki variabel yang berbeda dengan kekalahan pada Pilpres 2014. Penelitian ini, menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan beberapa pendekatan diantaranya observasi lapangan, wawancara, dan studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada beberapa faktor kegagalan Jokowi-Ma’ruf di Aceh pada pilpres 2019. Adapun kegagalan tersebut, pertama, tidak terbendung berita Hoax, kedua, kebijakan pemerintahan Jokowi periode sebelumnya dianggap tidak memiliki keberpihakan kepada rakyat. Ketiga, isu identitas yang selalu dikembangkan oleh lawan Jokowi, keempat, terdapat isu mengenai cerita masa lalu. Kelima, kurang maksimalnya tim pada tingkatan grass root di daerah-daerah Kabupaten yang jauh dari pusat ibukota Provinsi, Kota Banda Aceh. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kegagalan Jokowi di Aceh yang paling kuat adalah berita hoax yang identik dengan isu negatif, hal tersebut menutupi berita positif tentang Jokowi. Sikap masyarakat yang fanatik selalu dimanfaatkan oleh elite politik yang memiliki kepentingan pada pilpres 2019 dan tim Jokowi di Aceh terbukti tidak mampu melawan propaganda lawan yang cukup massif dilapangan.
Menyoal Kesenjangan dan Diskriminisi Publik Terhadap Penyandang Disabilitas Risky Novialdi; Isvarwani Isvarwani; Fauzi Fauzi; Ilyas Ismail; Muammar Qadafi
Journal of Governance and Social Policy Vol 2, No 2 (2021): DECEMBER 2021
Publisher : Department of Government Studies, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (207.053 KB) | DOI: 10.24815/gaspol.v2i2.23258

Abstract

Disabilitas menjadi topik permasalahan yang serius periode belakangan ini, hal tersebut dikarenakan penyandang disabilitas rawan akan berbagai tindakan diskriminasi secara fisik maupun mental, bahkan difabel rentan menjadi korban pelecehan seksual dalam ruang lingkup keluarga ataupun non difabel. Para disabilitas menghadapi berbagai problematika dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Penyandang disabilitas seringkali di tolak dengan alasan keterbatasan mereka, bahkan ada beberapa yang menjadikan sehat jasmani dan rohani sebagai syarat utama untuk bisa mangakses bidang-bidang tertentu. Bahkan pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) terhadap penyandang disabilitas masih dijumpai di lokasi sekitar. Kesenjangan yang diterima oleh penyandang disabilitas menjadi tekanan tersendiri bagi para difabel untuk memenuhi segala aspek kebutuhannya. Pemenuhan hak-hak disabilitas masih kurang diperhatikan, baik dalam sarana bangunan atau infastruktur, maupun fasilitas-fasilitas di tempat umum. Ketidaksetaraan juga terjadi dalam sektor pendidikan, lapangan pekerjaan, politik, dan aksesibilitas terhadap transportasi. Hal tersebut menunjukkan adanya perlakuan yang berbeda yang diterima oleh penyandang disabilitas terhadap layanan publik yang ramah bagi penyandang disabilitas.Disability has become a serious problem topic in recent times, this is because people with disabilities are prone to various acts of discrimination physically and mentally, even people with disabilities are vulnerable to being victims of sexual harassment within the family or non-disabled spheres. People with disabilities face various problems in their daily life. Persons with disabilities are often rejected on the grounds of their limitations, there are even some who make physically and mentally healthy as the main requirement to be able to access certain fields. Even human rights violations against persons with disabilities are still found in nearby locations. The gap that is accepted by people with disabilities is a separate pressure for people with disabilities to meet all aspects of their needs. Fulfillment of disability rights is still lacking in attention, both in building facilities or infrastructure, as well as facilities in public places. Inequality also exists in the sectors of education, employment, politics, and accessibility to transportation. This shows that there is a different treatment received by persons with disabilities towards public services that are friendly to persons with disabilities.
Wisata Halal: Strategi dan Implementasinya di Kota Banda Aceh Irwansyah Irwansyah; Muchamad Zaenuri
Journal of Governance and Social Policy Vol 2, No 1 (2021): JUNE 2021
Publisher : Department of Government Studies, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (307.668 KB) | DOI: 10.24815/gaspol.v2i1.21107

Abstract

Wisata halal merupakan konsep yang relatif baru dalam industri pariwisata dunia. Tujuan dari jenis wisata ini adalah memberikan pelayanan yang maksimal bagi wisatawan muslim yang ingin berwisata tanpa meninggalkan kewajiban yang telah diperintahkan dalam agama. Banda Aceh merupakan salah satu daerah di Indonesia yang menjadi daerah unggulan untuk pengembangan wisata halal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana implementasi strategi wisata halal yang telah diterapkan di Banda Aceh saat ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis kualititif. Terapat beberapa strategi yang dilakukan Dinas Pariwisata Kota Banda Aceh dengan melakukan sosialisas, sertifikasi produk dengan kerjasama dengan lembaga sertifikasi, melakukan promosi ke dalam dan luar negeri, serta pembenahan sarana dan prasarana. Pemerintah Kota Banda Aceh harus lebih serius memperhatikan sektor wisata halal jika ingin menningkatkan kunjungan wisata. Halal tourism is a relatively new concept in the world tourism industry. This type of tourism aims to provide maximum service for Muslim tourists who want to travel without leaving the obligations that have been ordered in religion. Banda Aceh is one of the regions in Indonesia which is a leading area for the development of halal tourism. This study aims to see how the implementation of the halal tourism strategy has been implemented in Banda Aceh. This research uses the qualitative analysis method. The Banda Aceh City Tourism Office carries out several strategies by carrying out socialization, product certification in collaboration with certification bodies, conducting promotions at home and abroad, and improving facilities and infrastructure. The Banda Aceh City Government should pay more attention to the halal tourism sector if it wants to increase tourist visits.

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