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Efek Kortikosteroid Dosis Rendah terhadap Kadar Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products Mencit Balb/C Model Sepsis Prasetyo, Diding Heri; Subandono, Jarot; Aisyah, Siti
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 47, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Penggunaan kortikosteroid dosis rendah pada penatalaksanaan sepsis tahap awal masih diperdebatkan. Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) merupakan biomarker keparahan dan keluaran yang buruk pada sepsis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efek penggunaan kortikosteroid dosis rendah terhadap kadar sRAGE serum pada mencit Balb/C model sepsis tahap awal. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratoris dengan sampel 30 ekor mencit Balb/C jantan dibagi menjadi kelompok kontrol, sepsis, dan sepsis+kortikosteroid dosis rendah. Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium Histologi dan Biomedik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta periode Juni-Desember 2013. Untuk membuat model sepsis, hewan coba diinokulasi lipopolisakarisa/LPS (E. coli) dosis 0,1 mg/mencit secara intraperitoneal (i.p.). Kelompok mencit kontrol tidak diinokulasi selama penelitian. Kortikosteroid dosis rendah yang digunakan adalah metil prednisolon dosis 0,05 mg/mencit/hari secara i.p. Mencit kontrol tidak diinokulasi selama penelitian. Kadar sRAGE kelompok kontrol 54,29Â±16,28 pg/mL, sepsis 78,12Â±13,38 pg/mL, dan kortikosteroid dosis rendah 63,39Â±11,07 pg/mL. Kortikosteroid dosis rendah secara bermakna menurunkan kadar sRAGE (p=0,044) dibanding dengan kelompok sepsis. Simpulan, penggunaan kortikosteroid dosis rendah menurunkan kadar sRAGE pada hewan coba model sepsis tahap awal. [MKB. 2015;47(1):10â€“5]Kata kunci: Kortikosteroid dosis rendah, sepsis, sRAGEEffects of Low-Dose Corticosteroid on Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End ProductsÂ in Balb/C Mice Sepsis Model The use of low-dose corticosteroids in the management of early sepsis is still under debate. Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) is a biomarker of severity and poor outcome of sepsis. This study aimed to analyze the effects of the use of low-dose corticosteroids on sRAGE serum levels in Balb/C mice model of early sepsis. This study was an experimental research laboratory study with 30 male Balb/C mice which divided into control, sepsis and sepsis+low-dose corticosteroids groups. The study was conducted at Histology and Biomedical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, from June to December 2013. Sepsis was induced in the male Balb/C mice by inoculation with an intraperitoneally (i.p.) injection of lipopoly-saccharide/LPS (E. coli) with a dose of 0.1 mg/mice/i.p.for sepsis mice model. Control mice were not inoculated during the study. Low-dose corticosteroids used was methyl prednisolone at a dose of 0.05 mg/mice/day/i.p. Levels of sRAGEÂ 54.29Â±16.28 pg/mL in control group, 78.12Â±13.38 pg/mL in sepsis group, and 63.39Â±11.07 pg/mL in low-dose corticosteroids group. Low-dose corticosteroids significantly decreased sRAGE level (p=0.044) compared to the sepsis group. In conclusion, the use of low-dose corticosteroids reduces levels of sRAGE in early sepsis.Â Â [MKB. 2015;47(1):10â€“5]Key words: Low-dose corticosteroids, sepsis, sRAGEÂ DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v47n1.392Â Â Â

Potensi Ekstrak Etanol Buah Citrullus lanatus sebagai Agen Imunosupresi melalui Pengamatan Histologi Limpa Mencit BALB/c Makiyah, Sri Nabawiyati Nurul; Wardhani, Ulinna'ma Hayati
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 49, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Citrullus lanatus mengandung flavonoid yang berpotensi sebagai agen imunosupresi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji perubahan diameter pulpa alba limpa mencit BALB/c yang diinduksi ovalbumin (OVA) setelah pemberian ekstrak etanol buah C. lanatus. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimental dengan post-test only control group design. Sebanyak 30 ekor mencit BALB/c jantan dibagi menjadi enam kelompok, yaitu tiga kelompok kontrol (normal, negatif, dan metilprednisolon) dan tiga kelompok perlakuan ekstrak etanol C. lanatus dosis 175 mg/kgBB, 350 mg/kgBB, dan 700 mg/kgBB per hari. Ekstrak dan Metilprednisolon diberikan selama 28 hari, sedangkan OVA diberikan pada hari ke-15 dan ke-22 secara intraperitoneal dan per oral pada hari ke-23 sampai dengan hari ke-28. Pada hari ke-29, mencit dikorbankan dan organ limpa diambil untuk dibuat sediaan histologi dengan teknik pewarnaan HE. Efek imunosupresi dinilai dari rata-rata diameter pulpa alba limpa. Data dianalisis dengan uji nonparametrik Kruskal-Wallis dilanjutkan uji Mann-Whitney. Diameter pulpa alba limpa mengalami peningkatan setelah diinduksi OVA, pemberian ekstrak etanol C. lanatus dosis 700 mg/kgBB dan metilprednisolon menyebabkan penurunan diameter pulpa alba limpa secara bermakna (p<0,05), tetapi ekstrak etanol C. lanatus dosis 175 dan 350 mg/kgBB tidak menurunkan diameter pulpa alba limpa. Ekstrak etanol C. lanatus dosis 700 mg/kgBB mampu menurunkan diameter pulpa alba pada limpa mencit BALB/c yang diinduksi OVA sehingga berpotensi sebagai agen imunosupresi.Â Kata kunci: Agen imunosupresi, citrullus lanatus, mencit BALB/c, ovalbumin, pulpa alba limpaCitrullus lanatus Ethanol Extract Potential as Immunosupressive Agent based on Spleen Histology Observation in BALB/c MiceCitrullus lanatus contains flavonoid which is known as an immunosuppresion agent. This study aimed to evaluate BALB/c mice spleen white pulp diameter after Ovalbumin (OVA) induction and administration of C. lanatus ethanol extract. This was a post-test only control group experimental study. Thirty male BALB/c mice were divided into six groups consisting of three control groups (normal, negative, and methylprednisolone) and three C. lanatus ethanol extract treatment groups (175 mg/kg bw, 350mg/kg bw, and 700mg/kg bw dose per day). The ethanol extract and methylprednisolone were administered to the respective groups for 28 consecutive days, while the OVA was given intraperitoneally on day 15 and day 22 and orally from day 23 to day 28. On day 29, the mice were sacrificed and their spleen were processed histologically using the HE staining technique. The immunosupression effect was assessed by measuring theÂ white pulp spleen diameter. Data were analyzed using nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by Mann-Whitney test. After OVA induction, the diameter of white pulp spleen was found to increase. Significant decrease in the spleen white pulp diameter (p<0.05) was seen in the 700 mg/kgbw C. lanatus ethanol extract group and methylprednisolone group. No shortening of the spleen white pulp diameter was seen in 175 mg/kg bw and 350 mg/kgbw C. lanatus ethanol extract groups. Hence, 700 mg/kgbw C. lanatus ethanol extract can decrease the spleen white pulp diameterÂ in an OVA-induced BALB/c mice and may have a potential to be used as an immunosuppressive agent.Â Key words: BALB/c mice, citrullus lanatus, immunosuppresion agent, ovalbumin, white pulp of spleen

ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK AIR BIJI KOPI ROBUSTA LAMPUNG DALAM MENGHAMBAT DEGENERASI SEL HATI TIKUS MODEL HEPATITIS YANG DIINDUKSI CCL4 Sukohar, Asep; Sastramihardja, Herri S.
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 44, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Hati berperan penting dalam mempertahankan homeostasis dan sangat dibutuhkan untuk fungsi fisiologis organ lain. Perubahan morfologi hati akan berdampak pada perubahan fungsi dan dapat muncul sebagai manifestasi klinisnya. Hepatitis merupakan gangguan serius yang menyebabkan inflamasi sel hati disebabkan oleh virus, kimia, dan toksin. Reaksi yang terjadi berupa stres oksidatif serta meningkatnya radikal bebas yang dapat dinetralisir dengan senyawa antioksidan. Secara tradisional kopi digunakan sebagai minuman sehari-hari dan dikenal sebagai antioksidan karena mengandung flavonoid (asam klorogenat). Tujuan penelitian untuk menentukan efek hepatoprotektif/antioksidan kopi yang tumbuh di kabupaten Pesawaran Lampung, terhadap gambaran kerusakan sel hepatosit pada tikus Wistar model hepatitis yang diinduksi karbon tetraklorida (CCL4). Telah dilakukan penelitian eksperimental laboratorik di Departemen Farmakologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung dan pemeriksaan patologi anatomi dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Abdoel Moeloek Lampung pada Desember 2008?Juli 2009 dengan menggunakan 15 ekor tikus Wistar jantan yang terbagi dalam 3 kelompok, yaitu kelompok kontrol negatif, kontrol positif sebagai model hepatitis, dan perlakuan yaitu model hepatitis yang mendapat ekstrak air biji kopi robusta 25 mg/kgBB selama 7 hari dan mendapat induksi CCl4. Hasilnya dianalisis dengan uji analysis of variance dan uji independen t. Pemberian ekstrak air biji kopi robusta dapat mencegah kerusakan gambaran degenerasi sel hati dari 58,4±7,09 menjadi 34,4±5,85. Hasil ini berbeda bermakna (p?0,05) bila dibandingkan dengan kontrol positif dan negatif. Simpulan, ekstrak air biji kopi robusta berpotensi mencegah gangguan fungsi hati dengan efek sebagai antioksidan pada tikus model hepatitis yang diinduksi CCL4. [MKB. 2012;44(3):127?32].Kata kunci: Antioksidan, gambaran degenerasi sel hati, kopi Antioxidant of Lampung Robusta Coffee Beans Water Extract in Inhibiting Liver Cell Degeneration in CCl4 Induced Hepatitis Rats ModelLiver plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis and is critical for physiological functions of other organs. Morphological changes of the liver will have an impact on changes in liver function and may appear as clinical manifestations. Hepatitis is a serious disorder that causes inflammation of the liver cells and is caused by viruses, chemicals and toxins. Reactions that occur in the form of oxidative stress, free radicals dominant condition of antioxidants. Traditionally coffee is used as an everyday beverage and known as antioxidants because it contains flavonoids (chlorogenic acid). This study aim was to determine the hepatoprotective/antioxidant effect of coffee growing in Pesawaran Lampung, on the description of hepatocyte cell damage in Wistar rats hepatitis model induced with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Laboratory experimental research has been conducted in Pharmacology >Department, Faculty Medicine Padjadjaran University Bandung and pathology examinations was performed at the Hospital Abdoel Moeloek Lampung in December 2008?July 2009, using 15 male Wistar rats divided in three groups, the negative control group, positive control as a model of hepatitis, and hepatitis model that received the water extract of robusta coffee beans 25 mg/kgBW/days for 7 days and then received CCl4 induction. The results were analyzed by analysis of variance and independent t test. Administration of water extract of robusta coffee beans can prevented damage to the liver cell degeneration picture from 58.4±7.09 to 34.4±5.85, these results differed significantly (p?0.05) compared with positive and negative control. In conclusion, water extract of robusta coffee beans has the potential to prevent interference with the effects of liver function as antioxidants in the ra model of hepatitis which has been inducted with CCL4. [MKB. 2012;44(3):127?32].Key words: Antioxidants, coffee, degeneration of liver cells preview DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v44n3.84

Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification untuk Mendeteksi Gen blaTEM sebagai Penyandi Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase pada Isolat Enterobacteriaceae Wilopo, Bayu A. P.; Sudigdoadi, Sunarjati; Sahiratmadja, Edhyana; Dewi, Intan M. W.
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 47, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) adalah suatu jenis enzim beta-laktamase yang mampu menghidrolisis penisilin, sefalosprin, dan monobaktam yang dapat dihambat oleh asam klavulanat. Enzim ini disandi oleh banyak gen, salah satunya adalah blaTEM. UntukÂ mengamplifikasi gen blaTEMÂ selain digunakan metode polymerase chain reaction (PCR) dapat pula dilakukan metode loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) yang membutuhkan peralatan lebih sederhana dengan prosedur yang cepat dan pembacaan hasil yangÂ lebih mudah. Penelitian ini merupakan uji diagnostik yang bertujuan menilai sensitivitas dan spesifisitas metode LAMP serta melihat kesesuaian hasil antara metode LAMP dan metode PCR dalam mendeteksi gen blaTEM. Sebanyak 92 isolat Enterobacteriaceae diperiksa dengan metode PCR yang kemudian dibandingkan dengan metode LAMP. Didapatkan bahwa metode LAMP memiliki sensitivitas 91,4% dan spesifisitas 91,2%, serta nilai kesesuaian (kappa) sebesar 85,4%. Sebagai simpulan, metode LAMP memiliki validitas yang baik dan kesesuaian yang sangat baik dibanding dengan metode PCR. Oleh karena itu, metode LAMP dapat dijadikan pemeriksaan alternatif dalam mendeteksi gen blaTEM terutama di daerah dengan infrastruktur laboratorium terbatas.Kata kunci:Â blaTEM, Enterobacteriaceae, ESBL, LAMP, PCR Â Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification for Detecting blaTEM Gene that Encodes Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase in Enterobacteriaceae IsolatesAbstractExtended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) is a beta-lactamase enzyme that is capable of hydrolyzing penicillin, cephalosporin, and monobactam, and can be inhibited by clavulanic acid. This enzyme is encoded by multiple genes, one of them is blaTEM. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is one of the DNA amplification methods that are frequently used; however, there are other methods that can be used including, among others, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). LAMP requires simple equipment with quicker and easy-to-read results compared to PCR. This study was a diagnostic test to explore the sensitivity and specificity of LAMP method compared to PCR in detecting blaTEM gene. Furthermore, the concordance between LAMP and PCR methods was assessed. A total of 92 Enterobacteriaceae isolates were examined by PCR and LAMP methods and compared. The result showed that the LAMP method had a sensitivity of 91.4% and a specificity of 91.2% with a concordance value (kappa) of 85.4%. In conclusion, LAMP method has a good validity and a very good conformity compared to the PCR method. Therefore, LAMP method can be used as an alternative diagnostic test, especially in limited settings. [MKB. 2015;47(4):242â€“9]Key words: blaTEM, Enterobacteriaceae, ESBL, LAMP, PCRÂ DOI:Â 10.15395/mkb.v47n4.618

Profil Ekspresi Koreseptor Human Immunodeficiency Virus CCR5 dan CXCR4 pada penderita Infeksi Human Immunodeficiency Virus yang menggunakan Narkoba Suntik Indrati, Agnes Rengga; Parwati, Ida; Garna, Herry; Alisjahbana, Bachti
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 50, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Infeksi human immunodeficiency virus masih merupakan masalah kesehatan global, termasuk di Indonesia dan pemakai narkoba suntik merupakan populasi yang besar di antara orang denganÂ infeksi HIV/AIDS (ODHA) yang berperan penting dalamÂ transmisi infeksi HIV. Opioid banyak digunakan penasun dan memengaruhi ekspresi CCR5 serta CXCR4 yang merupakanÂ koreseptor yang digunakan oleh HIV untuk menginfeksi sel limfosit T CD4. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisisperbedaan Â ekspresi koreseptor HIV CCR5 dan CXCR4 antara ODHA penasun dan ODHA bukan pemakai narkoba. Penelitian observasional analitik denganÂ rancangan cross sectional ini dilaksanakan pada September 2011âˆ’Mei 2013. Subjek penelitian adalah ODHA penasun yang diikutsertakan secara consecutive samplingÂ di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin BandungÂ serta di komunitas di Jawa Barat. Pemeriksaan ekspresi koreseptor CCR5, CXCR4 dan jumlah sel limfosit T CD4 dilakukan dengan metode flowsitometri. Ditemukan 80 orang subjek penelitian dengan 17 orang pengguna narkoba suntik aktif, 16 orang dalam terapi metadon, 15 orang mantan penasun, dan 32 orang bukan pemakai narkoba. Persentase CXCR4 di permukaan sel limfosit T CD4 lebih tinggi bermakna pada ODHA bukan pemakai narkoba dibanding dengan ODHA penasun (86,13; 78,23; p 0,001). Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermaknaÂ ekspresi CCR5 dan MFI CXCR4 di permukaan sel limfosit T CD4 antara ODHA penasun dan ODHA bukan pemakai narkoba (p>0,05).Â Dari penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwaekspresi CXCR4Â lebih tinggi pada ODHA penasun dibanding dengan ODHA bukan pemakai narkoba pada sel limfosit T CD4. Ekspresi koreseptor CXCR4 yang lebih tinggi dibanding dengan CCR5 baik pada kelompok ODHA penasun dan bukan pemakai narkoba. Â Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Coreceptors CCR5 and CXCR4 Expression Profile in Injecting Drug Users Living with HIVÂ Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is considered as global health problem, includingin Indonesia. A large proportion of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHAs) are Injecting Drug Users (IDUs) who play an important role in HIV transmission. Opioid that is used by many IDUs influence the expression of CCR5 and CXCR4, which are the co-receptors used by HIV to infect CD4 T lymphocyte cells. This study aimed to compare the expression of HV CCR5 and CXCR4 co-receptors between IDU PLHAs and non-drug user PLHAs. This was a crossectional analytical observation performed in the period of September 2011âˆ’May 2013 on IDU PLHAs who were sampled consecutively in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung and community in West Java. Flowcytometry was used for analyzing CCR5 and CXCR4 co-receptors as well as the CD4 T lymphocyte count. Eighty subjects were included in the study, consisting of 17 active injecting drug users, 16 IDUs on methadone therapy, 15 former IDUs, and 32 non-drug user PLHAs. The percentage of CXCR4 on CD4 T lymphocyte surface was significantly higher in non-drug user PLHAs when compared to IDU PLHAs (86,13; 78,23; p 0,001). No significant difference was found in the expression of CCR5 and MFI CXCR4 on CD4 T lymphocyte surface between IDU PLHAs and non-drug user PLHAs (p>0,05).Â It is concluded that the expression of CXCR4 on CD4 T lymphocyte surface is higher in IDU PLHAs compared to non-drug user PLHAs. The expression of CXCR4 co-receptors is higher than the expression of CCR5 both in IDU PLHAs and non-drug user PLHAs. Â Â Â

EVALUASI PENGARUH LAMANYA PEMBERIAN ASI SAJA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN ANAK Suatu Studi di Kecamatan Ledo, Kabupaten Bengkayang, Provinsi Kalimantan Barat Lepita, Lepita; Sukandar, Hadyana; Wirakusumah, Firman F.
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 41, No 1
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Air susu ibu (ASI) merupakan makanan yang kaya akan gizi dan sangat penting untuk pertumbuhan anak.Â Terganggunya pertumbuhan anak diawali dengan kekurangan gizi yang dapat diatasi dengan memberikan ASI sajaÂ sejak lahir. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh lamanya pemberian ASI saja pada pertumbuhan anak.Â Faktor yang dilihat adalah berat badan dan tinggi badan anak. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kohort retrospektifÂ yaitu mencari efek yang muncul pada balita usia antara 12 sampai 36 bulan yang ketika bayinya menggunakan ASIÂ saja di wilayah Kecamatan Ledo. Jumlah subjek yang diteliti sebanyak 101 anak. Sampel diambil dengan teknikÂ cluster berdasarkan kriteria inklusi. Analisis statistik memakai analisis varians, uji Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, dan korelasi regresi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa lamanya pemberian ASI saja mempengaruhi pertumbuhanÂ anak berdasarkan persen terhadap median Berat Badan (BB)/Usia (U) dan Berat Badan (BB)/Tinggi Badan (TB)Â (p<0,001); tidak tampak pengaruh lamanya pemberian ASI dengan pertumbuhan anak berdasarkan persen terhadapÂ median TB/U baku rujukan WHO-NCHS (p>0,05). Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini adalah lamanya pemberian ASIÂ saja berpengaruh positif terhadap pertumbuhan yang diukur berdasarkan persen terhadap median BB/U dan BB/TBbaku rujukan WHO-NCHS.Kata kunci: Lamanya pemberian ASI, pertumbuhan anak, antropometriEVALUATION THE IMPACT BREASTFEEDING PERIOD OF TIME TOÂ THE CHILD GROWTH:Â A Study In Ledo Subdistrict, Bengkayang Regency,Â West Kalimantan ProvinceÂ Breastfeeding is rich food nutrient and it is very important for the child growth. Neonatal growth disorders, it is initiallyÂ revealed from the beginning by a lack of nutrient. The lack of nutrient can be minimized by giving breastfeeding sinceÂ the first living without any additional food. The objective of this study was to know the impact of length durationÂ influenced of breastfeeding to the child growth that was seen from the child's body weight and body height. This study designed as a retrospective cohort looking for an effect of weight and height growth of subject child age between 12Â to 36 months used to have only breastfeeding in Ledo. The study carried out to 101 children. The samples collected byÂ cluster technique, the inclusion criteria had been determined. Statistical analysis used, varians, Mann-Whitney,Â Kruskal-Wallis, and analysis regression.The result of study, it was shown that the duration of breastfeeding affect of child growth significantly different; the percentage of median body weight to age vs body weight to body heightÂ referred to WHO-NCHS standard (p<0.001); but there were no any correlation on the percentage of median bodyÂ height to age referred to WHO-NCHS standard (>0.05). Conclusion: duration of breastfeeding has positive effect toÂ the growth which is measured based on the percentage of median body weight/age and body weight/body heightÂ referred to WHO-NCHS standard.Key words: Duration of breastfeeding, child growth, anthropometryÂ DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v41n1.181

Kualitas Spermatozoa Mencit Balb /C Jantan Setelah Pemberian Ekstrak Buah Kepel (Stelechocarpus Burahol) Fatmawati, Dina; Isradji, Israhnanto; Yusuf, Iwang; Suparmi, Suparmi
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 48, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Buah kepel (Stelechocarpus burahol) terbukti memiliki kandungan fitoestrogen yang diduga memiliki pengaruh terhadap kualitas sperma, namun sejauh ini kajian ilmiah mengenai efek buah kepel terhadap kualitas sperma belum banyak dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efek ekstrak buah kepel terhadap motilitas, konsentrasi, viabilitas, dan morfologi spermatozoa mencit jantan (Mus musculus). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan post test only control group design. Ekstraksi buah kepel menggunakan metode sokletasi dengan pelarut etanol 96%. Sebanyak 24 ekor mencit yang dibagi ke dalam 4 kelompok, yaitu kelompok kontrol yang diberi akuades, kelompok I, II, dan III yang disonde ekstrak buah kepel (EBK) dengan dosis 0,65; 1,3; dan 2,6 mg/ekor maisng-masing selama 14 hari. Motilitas, konsentrasi, viabilitas, dan morfologi spermatozoa dianalisis dengan mengambil sampel sperma dari kauda epididimis pada hari ke-15. Berdasarkan hasil uji ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa viabilitas, morfologi, dan konsentrasi spermatozoa rata-rata antara kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan (I, II, III) tidak berbeda signifikan (p>0,05). Persentase motilitas spermatozoa mengalami penurunan secara signifikan pada kelompok III (2,6 mg/ekor) dibanding dengan kontrol, kelompok I, dan kelompok II (p<0,05). Simpulan yang dapat ditarik dari penelitian ini adalah ekstrak buah kepel dengan dosis 2,6 mg/ekor/hari dapat menurunkan kualitas spermatozoa sehingga berpotensi sebagai senyawa antifertilitas pada pria. [MKB. 2016;48(3):155â€“59]Kata kunci: Kepel (Stelechocarpus buharol), konsentrasi spermatozoa, kualitas spermatozoa,Â Sperm Quality of Male Balb/C Mice after Kepel (Stelechocarpus burahol) Fruit Extract AdministrationKepel (Stelechocarpus burahol) fruits contains phytoestrogen that have been shown to have a potential phytoestrogen that may affect sperm quality. However, few studies on this effect have been conducted. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect Stelechocarpus burahol administration on sperm quality in mice. This experimental study used post-test only with control-group design. The sox-chlelation method was performed to obtain the ethanol extract from kepel fruit. Twenty four mice were randomly divided into 4 groups of kepel fruit extract dose: 0 mg/mice (control or group I), 0.65 mg/mice (group II), 1.3 mg/mice (group III), and 2.6 mg/mice (group IV).Â One milliliter of kepel fruit extract was administered orally every day for 14 days. On day 15 the sperm were collected and analyzed for motility, concentration, viability, and morphology. There was no effect of kepel fruit extract found among the treated groups (group I, II, III, IV) on the percentage of sperm concentration, morphology, and viability (p>0.05). However, the percentage of motility in group IV (kepel fruit extract at a dose of 2.6 mg/mice) was decreased significantly compared to control and other treatment groups (p<0.05). In conclusion, 2.6 mg/mice Kepel extract Â decreases sperm quality; hence, it is a potential candidate for antifertility in men. [MKB. 2016;48(3):155â€“9]Key words: Kepel (Stelechocarpus burahol), sperm concentration, sperm quality

FAKTOR RISIKO PENDERITA PROLAPSUS ORGAN PANGGUL TERHADAP HIATUS GENITALIS, PANJANG TOTAL VAGINA, DAN PERINEAL BODY Purwara, Benny Hasan; Armawan, Edwin; Sasotya, R. M. Sonny; Achmad, Eppy Darmadi
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 46, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Prolapsus organ panggul (POP) merupakan kondisi yang umum pada perempuan usia lanjut. Keluhannya bersifat prolapsus organ panggul (POP) merupakan kondisi umum bersifat progresif pada perempuan usia lanjut. Saat ini belum ada laporan mengenai hubungan antara komponen faktor risiko dan anatomi. Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor risiko klinis POP serta pengaruhnya pada komponen anatomi penentu tahapan klinis kelainan tersebut. Penelitian dilakukan di Departemen Obstetri dan Ginekologi Fakultas Kedokteran Unpad/Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung periode Desember 2009?Mei 2010. Limapuluh dua pasien POP dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu 30 subjek POP tingkat III dan 22 POP tingkat I-II. POP berasosiasi signifikan dengan usia, paritas, menopause, serta TSH. Usia ?50 tahun (OR=0,08; 95% IK=0,018-0,333 versus <50 tahun), paritas ?3 (OR=5,56; 95% IK=0,02-0,55 versus paritas <3), dan status menopause (OR=5,14; 95% IK=1,18-22,49 versus tidak menopause). Korelasi positif signifikan panjang hiatus genitalis (HG) dengan usia (r=0,656) dan paritas (r=0,539). Ukuran perineal body (PB) korelasi negatif signifikan dengan usia (r= -0,298) dan paritas (r=-0,335). Kelompok menopause menunjukkan peningkatan panjang HG dan penurunan ukuran PB yang signifikan. Panjang PB meningkat signifikan pada kelompok yang menerima TSH. Hubungan yang signifikan antara panjang total vagina (PTV) dan faktor-faktor risiko hanya menemukan pemendekan PTV signifikan pada usia >50 tahun. Simpulan, usia, paritas, dan menopause merupakan faktor risiko kemungkinan POP serta mempunyai korelasi dengan panjang GH dan PB dan progresivitas POP. [MKB. 2014;46(1):57?60]Kata kunci: Hiatus genitalis, panjang total vagina, perineal body, prolapsus organ panggulRisk Factors for Patients with Pelvic Organ Prolapse on Hiatus Genitalis, Total Vaginal Length, and Perineal BodyPelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common and progressive condition in elderly women. Currently, there are no report regarding the relationship between risk factor and anatomical components. This research was to identify risk factors and its influence on the POP clinical anatomy component determining clinical stages of this disorder. The study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran/Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung during the period of December 2009?May 2010. Fifty-two POP patients were participated, 30 subjects were in grade III and 22 subjects were in grade I?II. Found a significant association between age, parity, menopause, and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and the incidence POP. Age >50 years (OR=0.08, 95% CI=0.018 to 0.333 versus <50 years), parity >3 (OR=5.56, 95% C1=0.02 to 0.55 versus parity <3), and menopausal status (OR=5.14, 95% CI=1.18 to 22.59 versus not menopausal). Long hiatus genetalis (HG) had a significant positive correlation to age (r=0.656), while HG had a significant positive correlation to parity (r=0.539). Size of the perineal body (PB) showed a significant negative correlation with age (r=-0.298) and parity (r=-0.335). Menopausal group showed significant increase in HG length and decrease in size of the PB compared to the premenopausal group. The PB length increased significantly in those receiving HRT (p=0.018). Significant relationship between total length of the vagina (PTV) and the risk factors was only found in the form of significant shortening of PTV at aged >50 years. In conclusion, age, parity, and menopause are risk factors for POP probability and has a correlation with HG length, PB and progression of POP. [MKB. 2014;46(1):57?60]Key words: Genital hiatus, pelvic organ prolapse, perinael body, total vaginal length DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v46n1.229

Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Rimpang Temulawak (Curcuma Xanthorrhiza Roxb.) dan Jintan Hitam (Nigella Sativa) terhadap Profil Lipid Tikus Sprague Dawley Dislipidemia Budiarto, Andika Agus; Wibowo, Alem Pramudita; Putri, Stella Andriana; Shabrina, Nadine Nurani; Ngestiningsih, Dwi; Tjahjono, Kusmiyati
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 49, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Terapi jangka panjang dislipidemia dengan simvastatin dapat menimbulkan berbagai efek samping sehingga perlu alternatif terapi, salah satunya dengan temulawak dan jintan hitam. Kandungan curcumin pada temulawak dan thymoquinon pada jintan hitam diperkirakan dapat memperbaiki profil lipid pasien dislipidemia. Tujuan dari penelitain adalah membuktikan efek pemberian ekstrak temulawak dan ekstrak jintan hitam terhadap profil lipid tikus Sprague dawley dislipidemia. Penelitian menggunakan true experimental design dengan post test randomized controlled group design. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Penelitian dan Pengujian Terpadu (LPPT)â€“Layanan Pra Klinik Pengembangan Hewan Percobaan (LP3HP) Universitas Gajah Mada Yogyakarta dan di Laboratorium Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Matematika Universitas Negeri Semarang periode 18 Februariâ€“8 Maret 2016. Sebanyak 42 ekor tikus Sprague dawley dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok, yaitu kelompok K1 (kontrol normal), kelompok K2 (kontrol dislipidemia), kelompok P1 (200 mg/kgBB ekstrak temulawak), kelompok P2 (400 mg/kgBB ekstrak jintan hitam), kelompok P3 (0,18 mg/200 gramBB simvastatin), dan kelompok P4 (200 mg/kgBB ekstrak temulawak dan 400 mg/kgBB ekstrak jintan hitam). Kadar kolesterol LDL, HDL dan kolesterol total diukur dengan CHOD-PAP. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kelompok K2 memiliki kadar tertinggi kolesterol total (69,1 Â± 2,41) dan LDL (25,9 Â± 2,16), serta memiliki kadar terendah HDL (30,68 Â± 5,25). Uji ANOVA pada kolesterol total dan LDL menunjukan perbedaan bermakna (p<0,05), sedangkan pada HDL tidak bermakna (p>0,05). Disimpulkan, ekstrak temulawak dan ekstrak jintan hitam berpotensi menurunkan kadar LDL dan kolesterol total, serta menaikkan kadar HDL pada tikus Sprague Dawley dislipidemia. [MKB. 2016;49(1):8â€“14]Kata kunci: Jintan hitam, profil lipid, temulawakÂ Effects of Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) and Black Cumin (Nigella sativa) Extracts on Lipid Profile: A Study on Dyslipidemic Sprague Dawley RatsÂ The use of Simvastatin for a long term therapy of dyslipidemia can cause unwanted side effects; therefore, alternative therapies are needed, including therapy using temulawak and black cumin extracts. Curcumin in temulawak and thymoquinon in black cumin could modify the lipid profile of patients with dyslipidemia. The aim of study was to determine the effect of temulawak and black cumin extracts on serum lipid profile of dyslipidemic Sprague dawley rats. This research was conducted at Integrated Research and Testing Laboratory (PPT) -Profit Clinical Trials (LP3HP) Gadjah Mada University Yogyakarta and in Biology Laboratory Faculty of Science and Mathematics State University of Semarang period 18 February-8 March 2016. This study used true experimental design with post-test randomized controlled group design. Forty two Sprague dawley rats were divided into 6 groups: K1 for normal control, K2 for dyslipidemic control, P1 received 200mg/kgBW Temulawak extract, P2 received 400mg/kgBW black cumin extract, P3 received 0.18mg/200grBW simvastatin, and P4 received a combination of 200mg/kgBW Temulawak extract and 400mg/kgBW black cumin extract. LDL, HDL, and total cholesterol levels were determined by CHOD-PAP. The results of this study showed that K2 group had the highest level of total cholesterol (69.1 Â± 2.41) and LDL (25.9 Â± 2.16) but the lowest level of HDL(30.68 Â± 5.25) when compared to the other groups. ANOVA analysis of total cholesterol and LDL showed a significant difference (p<0.05), while the sama analysis on HDL showed a non-significant difference (p>0.05). From the results, it is concluded that temulawak extract and black cumin extract can potentially decrease the level of LDL and total cholesterol as well as increasing the level of HDL in dyslipidemic Sprague Dawley rats. [MKB. 2016;49(1):8â€“14]Key words: Black cumin, lipid profile, temulawak

UJI COBA PENGGUNAAN LIMBAH AIR KELAPA TUA SEBAGAI BAHAN DASAR MEDIA ISOLASI Yolanda, Hanna; Mulyana, Yanti
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 43, No 3
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Media pembenihan isolasi yang umumnya digunakan adalah media sintetik yang diimpor dan harganya mahal. Banyak bahan organik yang secara alamiah mengalami pemecahan senyawa organik kompleks menjadi senyawa sederhana oleh mikrob. Berdasarkan pemikiran inilah, peneliti mencoba membuat media isolasi dengan bahan dasar limbah air kelapa tua, sehingga dapat menjadi pertimbangan sebagai media yang lebih ekonomis. Metode penelitian adalah eksperimental laboratorik dengan mengisolasi bakteri uji menggunakan media berbahan dasar air kelapa tua. Media air kelapa tua dikomposisikan menyerupai komposisi agar MacConkey dan lempeng agar darah (LAD). Media standar yang digunakan adalah agar MacConkey dan LAD. Media kontrol yang digunakan adalah media agar 15 g/L dan media agar air kelapa tua. Bakteri yang diuji adalah beberapa spesies Enterobacteriaceae dan kokus gram positif. Variabel yang dinilai adalah gambaran makroskopis dan mikroskopis. Analisis data menggunakan teknik Wilcoxon matched pairs test dan sign test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan tidak bermakna (p>0,05) antara media standar dan media air kelapa tua. Gambaran spesifik dari bakteri uji seperti koloni berwarna merah, gambaran mukoid, dan zona hemolitik tampak serupa antara media standar dan media air kelapa tua. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah air kelapa tua dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan dasar media isolasi Enterobacteriaceae dan kokus gram positif. [MKB. 2011;43(3):117?21].Kata kunci: Agar MacConkey, air kelapa tua, isolasi, lempeng agar darah, media Using Ripe Coconut Waste-Water as Base for Isolation Media SubstanceThe culture media commonly used for isolation are imported and expensive. Many organic materials are naturally decomposed from complex organic compounds to simple ones by microbes. Based on this principles, this study wants to make isolation media with ripe coconut waste-water as based substance, so it can be considered as economical culture media. The method was laboratoric experimental by isolating tested bacteria with ripe coconut waste-water as based substance. The composition of the media were adjusted with MacConkey agar and blood agar base. Standard media were MacConkey agar and blood agar base. Control media were agar 15 g/L media and ripe coconut waste-water agar media. Tested bacteria were a number species of Enterobacteriaceae and positive gram cocci. The evaluated variables were macroscopic and microscopic images. Data was analized by Wilcoxon matched pairs test and sign test methods. This study did not find a significant differences (p>0.05) between standard media and ripe coconut waste-water media. Specific characteristics of tested bacteria, such as red colonies, mucoid, and hemolitic zone, were similar between standard media and ripe coconut waste-water media. The conclusion is ripe coconut waste-water can be used as base for isolation media substance of Enterobacteriaceae and gram positive cocci. [MKB. 2011;43(3):117?21].Key words: Blood agar base, MacConkey agar, isolation, media, ripe coconut waste-water DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v43n3.56

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Gedung Rumah Sakit Pendidikan Unpad/Pamitran Unpad (Teaching Hospital Building) Faculty of Medicine Unpad, 3rd Floor Jl. Prof. Eyckman No. 38 Bandung, 40161, Indonesia

Location
Kota bandung,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA