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BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology
Published by Southeast Asian Regional Centre for Tropical Biology
ISSN : 02156334     EISSN : 1907770X     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.11598/btb
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Veterinary
BIOTROPIA, The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology, is a scientific publication of the Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization (SEAMEO) – Southeast Asian Regional Center for Tropical Biology (BIOTROP). It publishes articles in the broad areas of tropical ecosystems and environmental impacts, biodiversity conservation and sustainable development and biotechnology.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 444 Documents
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Growth Inhibition of Fungal Plant Pathogens by Antagonist Bacteria Using Dual Culture Assays Yan - Ramona
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 28 No. 3 (2021): BIOTROPIA Vol. 28 No. 3 December 2021
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2021.28.3.1344

Abstract

There has been excessive use of chemical-based pesticides globally resulting in significant environmental consequences with adverse effects on human health. Therefore more sustainable environment friendly alternative solutions are needed to cope with such environmental and health challenges. Development of biocontrol method is a rational solution to these challenges and therefore the main objective of this research were to isolate and screen potential antagonist bacteria inhibitory to important fungal plant pathogens (Fusarium oxysporum, Ceratocytis sp., Aspergillus flavus dan Aspergillus niger) in vitro by applying dual culture assays on potato dextrose agar (PDA) or trypticase soya agar (TSA) media. The antagonist bacteria were isolated from various sources such as soil of rhizosphere zone and roots of lettuce plants and  mature compost. The potential of antagonist candidates were screened on the basis of inhibitory activity against targeted fungal pathogens. Bacterial antagonists with highest zone of inhibition were identified up to genus level using biochemical tests, and the results were matched with those specified in the Bergey’s Manual of determinative bacteriology. Fifteen bacterial isolates were successfully isolated from various sources, and 60% of those isolates showed antagonistic activity in vitro against fungal pathogens with various degree of inhibition.  This indicated the initial potential to develop as biocontrol agents. Based on preliminary identification, genera of Bacillus and Pseudomonas were found to be the predominant isolates and in addition genus Acinetobacter was also identified in this study.
Antagonistic Effect of Yeast, Acetic Acid Bacteria and Mangosteen Rind Extract on Aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus in Unfermented Cocoa Beans Nijma Nurfadila; Sutrisno -; Usman Ahmad; Samsudin -
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 28 No. 3 (2021): BIOTROPIA Vol. 28 No. 3 December 2021
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2021.28.3.1362

Abstract

Yeasts and bacteria are two of common biocontrol agents to control mycotoxigenic fungi, meanwhile the mangosteen rind exract has xanthone and gartanin compounds for antioxidant, antiproliferation, antiinflammation, antimicrobial, and anticancer. The objectives of this research are to test the effects of yeasts, acetic acid bacteria (AAB), and mangosteen rind extract on the aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus growth and aflatoxin production in unfermented cocoa beans. Four yeast isolates, i.e. Issatchenkia orientalis (Io) BIO 211291, 286 and 288, and Endomyces fibuliger (Ef) BIO 132219; one bacteria isolate of Acetobacter aceti (Aa) FNCC0016; and mangosteen rind extract (MRE) were tested for their capabilities in inhibiting an aflatoxigenic A. flavus (Af) BIO 3361/747 growth using the well method (in vitro). Two yeast (Io BIO 211291 and 288) were combined with Aa and MRE in cocoa beans (in vivo). Aflatoxin production was analyzed using Thin Layer Chromathography (TLC). The result showed that interaction of Io BIO 211291 and 288, and Ef BIO 132219 on aflatoxigenic Af were interaction with inhibition zone ≥ 2 mm (type D), while the interaction type of Io BIO 211286 on Af were mutual intermingling growth, where both fungi grew into each other without any macroscopic sign of interaction (type A). The best treatment in agar media (in vitro) was Io BIO 211288 + Aa on Potato Dextrose Agar + 12 g/l MRE. The highest Io population was 5.88 log cfu/g on cocoa beans inoculated by Io BIO 211291 + MRE in 1 day after inoculation, while the highest A. aceti population was 4.74 log cfu/g on cocoa beans with Io BIO 211291 + BIO 211288 + Aa  in 3 days after inoculation. Two best treatments were Io BIO 211288 + Aa + MRE and Io BIO 211291 + BIO 211288 + Aa + MRE, because there were no A. flavus population since 3 until 11 days after inoculation. Aflatoxin in all samples treatment was lower than limit detection B1 (< 2.20 ppb),  B2 (< 3.50 ppb), (G1 < 0.54 ppb), dan (G2 < 1.00 ppb).  
Tree Community Structure and Aboveground Carbon Stock of Sacred Forest in Pasaman, West Sumatera Santhyami Santhyami
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 28 No. 3 (2021): BIOTROPIA Vol. 28 No. 3 December 2021
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2021.28.3.1416

Abstract

This is an analysis of the tree community’s composition and structure of Bukit Badindiang sacred forest in Nagari Simpang, Pasaman West Sumatera. The study aims to (1) to obtain a representative account of the structure and composition of tree community of the sacred forest, (2) to estimate the Aboveground Carbon Stock (C-Stock) accumulated on it. A one-hectare plot was divided into 25 subplots of 20 m × 20 m each for tree and debris data collection. In each subplots, there would be a 5m x 5m sapling subplots and 1m x 1m seedling, understorey plant and litter subplots were nested inside. A total of 446 trees were recorded, representing 139 species from 49 families with a total basal area of 38.59 m2. The most dominant tree species was Campnosperma auriculata [Importance Value (IV) of 19.19]. The other prevalent species were Ficus benjamina (IV =16.50) and Mallotus caudatus (IV =14.78). A total of 62 species (44.6%) was considered locally rare with density of 1 tree/ha. Mallotus caudatus had the highest density (37 trees/ha) and Ficus benjamina had the highest Basal Area (BA) (5.61 m2 = 14.51% of the total). Euphorbiaceae (IV= 37.40) was the dominant family. The richest families were Euphorbiaceae (10) and Lauraceae (10). The total estimated Aboveground C-Stock was 190.62 MgC/ha, with the highest C was contributed by trees (178.85 MgC/ha or 93.8% of total). Trees with diameter class of 10 – 69.99 cm stored 62% of total tree carbon. The species richness, tree density and C-Stock of Bakit Badindiang sacred forest were relatively higher than those in several disturbed lowland forests in Sumatera.
SPECIES DIVERSITY OF SOIL FUNGI FROM A CORN PLANTATION AT ECHAGUE, PHILIPPINES Rey Mark Gascon Tecson; Florenda C. Ballesteros - Temanel; James Kennard Sanz Jacob
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 28 No. 3 (2021): BIOTROPIA Vol. 28 No. 3 December 2021
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2021.28.3.1469

Abstract

Soil fungi are a critical component of the agroecosystems and provide ecological services that affect food and bio-product production. Awareness of the composition and distribution of local species is necessary to maximize the productivity and sustainability of the agroecosystems. This study aimed at isolating fungi from the soil samples collected from a corn plantation at Echague, Isabela, morphologically defining, characterizing, and determining the diversity of fungal isolates species. Soil samples from five (5) different sampling units were collected and microbiological techniques were used to isolate the fungi. Identification was performed by morphological characterization of fungal isolates guided by taxonomic keys and textbooks. Fungal diversity was assessed using Simpson's indices of diversity.  Sixteen (16) fungal isolates were found; 12 were known and four (4) were unidentified. Ten (10) species belong to the Ascomycota group, and two (2) belong to the Zygomycota class. The Aspergillus species dominated the region amongst all the species isolated and established.  Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus flavus are densely populated and well distributed. A potent biocontrol agent was also identified, namely Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride.  The Mucor sp. and the Rhizopus stoloniferous, Zygomycota fungi, were also identified.
THE QUALITY OF PHYSIC NUT(Jatropha curcas L.) SEEDS PACKED IN PLASTIC MATERIAL DURING STORAGE Rantje Lilly Worang; Okky Setyawati Dharmaputra; Rizal Syarief; Miftahuddin
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2008)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2008.15.1.3

Abstract

The effect of storage duration on fungal population, moisture content, lipid and free fatty acid contents, lipase activity, viability and vigor of physic nut seeds was investigated. Physic nut seeds with initial moisture content of 7.9% were stored in plastic bags under warehouse conditions. Samples of physic nut were collected before storage, and subsequently after one to six months of storage. The results showed that the moisture contents increased after one month of storage, and became relatively constant up to six months of storage. The range of moisture contents (7.9 – 8.4%) was safe for storage of physic nut seeds. Sixteen fungal species were isolated from physic nut seeds during six months of storage. Fungal population decreased with the increase of storage duration. At the beginning of storage, most of the fungi that infected the seeds were classified as field fungi, such as Colletotrichum sp., Cladosporium spp., and Fusarium spp.. Their populations decreased with the increase of storage duration. After three months of storage, the existence of field fungi was generally replaced by storage fungi, such as Aspergillus spp., and Penicillium spp. dominate the population. Lipid contents, viabilities and vigors decreased with the increase of storage duration, while free fatty acids and lipase activities increased. Under uncontrolled condi­tions, physic nut seeds packed in plastic material can be stored up to one month for seeds to be planted, while it can be stored up to five months for producing oil.
Reviewers For Vol 15 No. 1 Editor
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2008)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2008.15.1.10

Abstract

Prof. Dr. Mirnawati Sudarmanto, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor (IPB), Indonesia Dr. Ratih Dewanti Hariyadi, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Bogor, Indonesia Prof. Dr. M.A. Chozin, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Bogor, Indonesia Dr. Soekisman S. Tjitrosemito, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Bogor, Indonesia Dr. Dahlia Sukma, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, The State University of Jakarta (UNJ), Jakarta 13220, Indonesia Dr. Lisdar M. Sudirman,  Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Bogor, Indonesia Dr. Nurita L. Toruan-Mathius, Tissue Culture Laboratory, SMART Research Institute (SMARTRI), Bogor, Indonesia Ir. Soemaryono M.Sc., Biotechnology Research Unit For Estate Crops, Bogor, Indonesia Dr. Okky S. Dharmaputra, SEAMEO BIOTROP/Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Bogor, Indonesia Dr. Gayuh Rahayu, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Bogor, Indonesia Dr. Yadi Haryadi, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Bogor, Indonesia Dr. Zainal Mahmud, Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (Puslitbangbun), Bogor, Indonesia 
ANTIBACTERIAL, ANTIOXIDANT AND TOPOISOMERASE-I INHIBITOR ACTIVITIES OF THE COASTAL ETHNOMEDICINAL PLANT Pemphis acidula Linawati Hardjito
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2007)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2007.14.2.17

Abstract

Pemphis acidula stem bark had been used traditionally in Indonesia to treat Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis This research was conducted to examine the biological activities of its extract as antibacterial, antioxidant and topoisomerase-I inhibitor. The latter mentioned is one of the target molecules for anticancer drug. The antibacterial activity was examined using disc diffusion assay against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Streptococcus mutans. The antioxidant activity was measured using superoxide radical scavenging activityassay. Topoisomerase-Inhibitor activity was determined using the method reported by TopoGEN. The chloroform extract did not show antibacterial activity and it has low antioxidant activity (48.5%). The ethyl acetate and methanol extracts positively inhibited the growth of target bacteria at concentration of 0.3-mg/paper disk. It also showed high antioxidant activity. At concentration of 250 µg/ml both extracts were able to scavenge superoxide free radicals which was 94.8% and 83.4% for ethyl acetate and methanol extract, respectively. The methanol extract also inhibited topoisomerase-I activity at concentration of 7.5 µg/ml.  The results suggest that there is a correlation between antibacterial, antioxidant and topoisomerase-I inhibitor activity. The stem bark extracts contain biologically active compounds that could be potential for nutraceutical or pharmaceutical development.
THREE DIFFERENT TYPES OF PLASTIC PACKAGING MATERIALS: THEIR EFFECTS ON MOULD INFECTION AND AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION IN PEANUTS. Okky Setyawati Dharmaputra; Ina Retnowati; Santi Ambarwati
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2007)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2007.14.1.21

Abstract

-
NOTES ON THE PROFILE OF INDONESIAN INVASIVE ALIEN PLANT SPECIES Sri Sudarmiyati Tjitrosoedirjo
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2007)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2007.14.1.25

Abstract

An alien species, which becomes established in natural or semi-natural ecosystems or habitas, is an agent of change and threatens native biological diversity.  The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) declared in 1992, in which the issue on invasive alien species was raised, was ratified by the Indonesian Government in 1994.  Protecting our biodiversity will be our moral obligation to comply with CBD.  Inventory on the invasive alien plant species in Indonesia should be done by field surveys aside from the data collected from the references and herbarium specimens.  Field studies should be carried out to get complete figures, to identify the new ones, to determine their distributions, to plan their management including prevention to spread, containment and movement or mitigate their impact to environment.  Sometimes it is difficult in determining whether the plants are aliens or not. Cooperation with botanists and taxonomists in other parts of the world is necessary.  There are some species of invasive aliens plant in Indonesia, which have to be watched for their aggressiveness i.e. Acasia nilotica (L.) Willd. ex Del., Eupatorium sordidum Less., Jatropa gossipifolia L., Mikania micrantha Kunth, Mimosa pigra L., Opuntia sp., and Piper aduncum L. have to be watch for their aggressiveness.  Notes on some important invasive alien plant species are discussed.
ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF METHANOTROPHIC BACTERIA FROM RICE FIELDS Iman Rusmana; ALINA AKHADIYA
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 16 No. 2 (2009)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2009.16.2.53

Abstract

Methane is a greenhouse gas and has potency to deplete ozone layer.  Rice fields are a significantly sources of atmospheric methane.  Chemical fertilizers application in rice fields can increase methane emission. Methanotrophic bacteria are unique in their ability to utilize methane as a sole carbon and energy source.  This research was successfully isolating and characterizing methanotrophic bacteria from rice fields in Bogor and Sukabumi, West Java, Indonesia.  Determination of methane oxidation activity using Gas Chromatography showed that all isolates performed methane oxidation activity.  The highest methane oxidation activity was performed by BGM 9 isolate. And DNA amplification of BGM 9 genome was performed single band of mmoX in the size of 500 bp and three bands of pmoA  in the size of 1000, 750 and 500 bp respectively

Page 36 of 45 | Total Record : 444

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