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INDONESIA
eJurnal Kedokteran Indonesia
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 23501426     EISSN : 23386037     DOI : 10.23886
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Elektronik Journal Kedokteran Indonesia (eJKI) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that prioritize the publication manuscript of students (medical education program, magister/specialist, doctoral). This journal publishes editorial, research article, reviews, evidence-based case report, and also interesting case reports/case study. eJKI published three times a year (April, August, December) and published by Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia
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Articles 11 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 5, No 2 (2017): Vol 5, No. 2 (2017): Agustus" : 11 Documents clear
Azoospermia: A Genomic Review Manggiasih D. Larasati; Silvia werdhy lestari
eJournal Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 5, No 2 (2017): Vol 5, No. 2 (2017): Agustus
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

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Abstract

Azoospermia or the absence of sperm in semen is one of the sperm disorders that results in male infertility. There are two types of azoospermia, the first one isazoospermia caused by obstruction of the vas deferens (obstructive azoospermia) and the second one is azoospermia due to the damage of testes (nonobstructive azoospermia). The etiology of azoospermia could be genetic or non-genetic. Genetic factors may occur in genomics starting from chromosome until gene level or single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs). At the chromosome level, there is Klinefelter’s syndrome (47, XXY) to the Y chromosome microdeletion, whereas at the gene level there is mutation of jsd, Bmp8b and other genes. At the level of SNPs, Genome Wide SNP Association Study (GWAS) had uncovered 20 SNPs which were related significantly to azoospermia. Extensive knowledge of genomics review on male infertility, is expected to promote the development of investigation and management of azoospermia.
Antioxidant Activity of Ethanolic-Extract Mixture of A.indica and C.asiatica in Comparison with Ethanolic-Extract of A.indica Kemas R Notariza; Desak G.B. Krisnamurti
eJournal Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 5, No 2 (2017): Vol 5, No. 2 (2017): Agustus
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

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Abstract

Excessive production of free-radicals may induce oxidative stress, which is the basis of many diseases pathogenesis. Exogenous antioxidant supply is needed to support the function of endogenous antioxidant in preventing oxidative stress. The ethanolic-extract of A.indica and C.asiatica possess the antioxidant activity. This study was aimed to know the antioxidant activity of ethanolic-extract mixture of A.indica and C.asiatica in comparison with ethanolic-extract of A.indica. The combination of extract was expected to improve the antioxidant activity and therefore to reduce the dosage. The 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl hydrate (DPPH) assay test with spectrophotometry was performed to measure the antioxidant activity. This study was conducted at the Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, from June to October 2015. Vitamin C as the positive control exhibited EC50 score as much as 0.012 mg/mL. The EC50 score of the ethanolic-extract mixture was 13.68 mg/mL, while the ethanolic-extract of A.indica's was 39.65 mg/mL. The lower the EC50 score indicates the higher antioxidant activity. Thus, the ethanolic-extract mixture of A.indica and C.asiatica has lower antioxidant activity compared to the ethanolic-extract of A.indica.
Singawalang Leaf Extract Effects on LDL Levels of Hypercholesterolemic Male Rats Claudi Artha; Arifa Mustika; Sri Wijayanti Sulistyawati
eJournal Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 5, No 2 (2017): Vol 5, No. 2 (2017): Agustus
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

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Abstract

Petiveria Alliaceae or known as singawalang can decrease levels of LDL cholesterol in the blood because of the content of compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and tannins. This study is a laboratory experimental research with pre and posttest control group design. Sample using rats (Rattus norvegicus) males, aged 2-3 months with body weight &plusmn; 150 gs. The average LDL cholesterol level of negative control group (KN) is 3.40 &plusmn; 2.07, which means there is no significant increase. In the simvastatin group (S), the treatment group 1 (K1), group 2 (K2), and treatment group 3 (K3) the average of LDL cholesterol results showed a decrease with the result S = -71.10 &plusmn; 31.35, K1 = -53.60 &plusmn; 26.80, K2 = -67.05 &plusmn; 23.98, and K3 = -51.06 &plusmn; 20.27. By using One Way Anova obtained significance value of p <0.05, which showed significant differences between group KN with group S, K1, K2, K3.
The Association Between Biliary Atresia and Cytomegalovirus Infection Meutia Ayuputeri Kumaheri; Hanifah Oswari
eJournal Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 5, No 2 (2017): Vol 5, No. 2 (2017): Agustus
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

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Abstract

Perinatal infection of cytomegalovirus (CMV) may cause cholestasis resembling biliary atresia. CMV infection is found in patients with biliary atresia. This simultaneous occurrence of biliary atresia and CMV infection prompted speculation that CMV may contribute to the progression of biliary atresia. This report has the objective to obtain the evidence regarding the association between biliary atresia and CMV infection. Two databases were searched to obtain the evidence: PubMed and Scopus. The study design which was selected for this report was case control due to its relevance to answer the clinical question. There were two case control studies which are appropriate to answer the clinical question. Both studies showed that biliary atresia is associated with CMV infection (OR>1). Biliary atresia is associated with CMV infection at the time of diagnosis, therefore the presence of CMV infection in neonatal cholestasis should not delay the investigation towards biliary atresia.
The Role of CYP4502E1 Genetic Polymorphism on Benzene Metabolism Dewi Sumaryani Soemarko; Muchtaruddin Mansyur; Septelia Inawati Wanandi; Novi Silvia Hardiany
eJournal Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 5, No 2 (2017): Vol 5, No. 2 (2017): Agustus
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

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Abstract

The carcinogenic effect of benzene is associated with metabolites produced in benzene metabolism such as phenol, catechol, quinones, muconic acid (tt-MA), and phenyl mercapturic acid (s-PMA). The role of CYP4502E1 enzyme in benzene metabolism is very important, which is determined by its genetic polymorphism. This cross-sectional study is aimed to obtain the distribution of frequency of s-PMA concentration in workers who had been low exposure of benzene based on CYP4502E1 genetic polymorphism. The study was conducted between September 2007 and April 2010. Data were collected by methods of interviews, physical examinations, laboratory examinations, and direct observation on the work place. The variables studied were CYP4502E1, benzene exposure at the work place, age, type of work, history of work, length of work, body mass index (BMI), antioxidants intake, behavior and management, and s-PMA concentration in the urine. The distribution of CYP4502E1 genetic polymorphism in workers is 87.8% wild type homozygote, 11.3% heterozygote and 0.9% mutant homozygote. There was no significant difference in the proportion of s-PMA concentration based on CYP4502E1 genetic polymorphism (p=0.595; ORraw=0.98; 95% CI=0.95-1.01). There were also no differences of age, type of work, length of work, BMI, antioxidants consumptions, behavior and management of subjects with s-PMA. Further study should be conducted on CYP4502E1 genetic polymorphism in various Indonesian races at different workplace with low-level benzene.
Relative Expression of cMyc mRNA in Human Glioma Cells and its Relationship with the Degree of Malignancy Fidinny Hamid; Novi S. Hardiany; Febrial Hikmah; Syaiful Ichwan
eJournal Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 5, No 2 (2017): Vol 5, No. 2 (2017): Agustus
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

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Abstract

Relative Expression of cMyc85Vol. 5, No. 2, Agustus 2017RESEARCH ARTICLERelative Expression of cMyc mRNA in Human Glioma Cells and its Relationship with the Degree of Malignancy Fidinny I. Hamid,1 Novi S. Hardiany,2* Febrial Hikmah,3 Syaiful Ichwan41Undergraduate Program FM Universitas Indonesia2Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, FM Universitas Indonesia3Biomedical Sciences Program FM Universitas Indonesia4Department of Neurosurgery FM Universitas Indonesia -Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital*Corresponding author: novi.silvia@ui.ac.idReceived 10 April 2016; Accepted 23 Agustus 2017DOI: 10.23886/ejki.5.7467AbstractPluripotency of cMyc genes may be one factor for the high glial cell differentiation in glioma thus it can become an alternative therapeutic target. The objective of the study is toanalyze the cMyc mRNA expression and its relationship with the degrees of glioma malignancy. This is a cross-sectional study from 20 glioma samples with different degree of malignancy from Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta during the period of October 2014 until February 2015. The mRNA obtained from glioma samples are converted to cDNA and then amplified. Relative quantification of cMyc mRNA expression is measured by calculating the cycle threshold values of Real Time RT PCR and normalized towards 18s rRNA to predict the relationship between the expression of cMyc and the degree of malignancy. The cMyc expression is increased in accordance with the tumor grade. The cMyc expressions in high grade glioma are 17424.23 folds higher when calibrated to the normal cell, whereas the genes in lower grade tumors are expressed with the rate of 6167.35. Although the values obtained are not statistically significant, this research has strengthened molecular diagnosis, specifically pluripotency as the factor that gives a greater prognostic relevance than the histopathologic diagnosis. As a conclusion, there is a clinical tendency where the relative mRNA expression was higher in in glioma cMyc high degrees compared with low-grade glioma, however it is not statistically significant.
Relationship between Inhaled Corticosteroid Adherence and Airway Obstruction Severity among Persistent Asthma Patients Gama - Natakusumawati; Risa F. Musawaris; Syarifah Nurul Yanti
eJournal Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 5, No 2 (2017): Vol 5, No. 2 (2017): Agustus
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

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Abstract

Inhaled corticosteroid is the foundation therapy in controlling persistent asthma in order to reduce inflammation and prevent deterioration of lung function. There were 75% of asthma patients in RSUD Dr. Soedarso with uncontrolled asthma. Low adherence to inhaled corticosteroid therapy was suspected. This research was conducted to assess relationship between inhaled corticosteroid adherence and severity of airway obstruction through forced expiratory volume1/forced expiratory volume1prediction value and forced expiratory volume1/vital lung capacityprediction ratio. This was an analytic study with cross-sectional design. Data were taken from July 2014 until March 2015. There were 35 subjects who met the criteria. Patient identity, Medication Adherence Report Scale for Asthma score, and spirometry test were obtained directly from the samples. Variables including inhaled corticosteroid adherence, Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV1)/FEVprediction1 value and FEV1/Functional Vital Capacity (FVCpredictio)n ratio were observed. Marginal Homogeneity analysis of the data found significant proportion difference between inhaled corticosteroid adherence and Forced Expiratory Volume1/Forced Expiratory Volumeprediction1 value (p<0.001) and significant proportion difference between inhaled corticosteroid adherence and VEP1/KVP prediction ratio (p<0.001). Low adherence to inhaled corticosteroid therapy causes failure in inflammation suppression and leads to airway remodelling which in turn lead to deterioration of lung function.
Comparison of 2D and 3D Co-Culture with Hanging Drop Method to Produce a More Clinically Relevant Microenvironment Radiana Dhewayani Antarianto; Wahyunia Likhayati Septiana; Ahmad Aulia Jusuf; Atikah Chalida Barasila; Jeannne Adiwinata Pawitan; Iqbal Fasha
eJournal Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 5, No 2 (2017): Vol 5, No. 2 (2017): Agustus
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

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Abstract

2-dimensional (2D) co-cultures show limited resemblence with in vivo microenvironment while 3-dimensional (3D) co-cultures form a micromass which is more similar with in vivo microenvironmentthus it would be more useful in biomedical research. This study was intended to compare 2D co-cultures with 3D co-cultures of stem cells derived from umbilical cord blood vessels and hepatic stellate cells, conducted with hanging drop method to assess the cell morphology and the formation of spheroid from the micromass.. This in vitrostudy was conducted at Institute of Human Virology and Cancer Pathobiology (IHVCB) UI and histology laboratory from September 2015 to October 2016 using stem cells which were isolated from human umbilical cord blood (UCB) and LX-2 cell line (human hepatic stelate cells). Human umbilical cord blood was sorted with MACS CD34 and percentage of CD34+ cells were analyzed by flowcytometry. Stem cell co-cultures (UCB) or umbilical cord and L2 was did by hanging drop methods for 2D co-culture and 3D co-culture. Triplicates experiments were performed for each set of co-culture. The results showed the difference in the morphology of 2D co-culture and 3D hanging drop compared to monoculture. In the 2D co-culture there was a micromass formation, whereas in the 2D monoculture, the micromass was not formed. In the 3D hanging drop there was a smaller spheroid compared to the 3D hanging drop monoculture. The morphology of 2D and 3D co-culture cells with hanging drop method in comparison with monoculture cells showed phenotypic changes of cells which were incorporated together in the micromass.
The Effect of Single-Dose Albendazole on the Prevalence of SoilTransmitted Helminth Infections and Nutritional Status of Children in Perokonda Village, Southwest Sumba Irma Annisa; Reza Damayanti; Dani M. Trianto; Muhammad P. Wiratama; Sri Wahdini; Saleha Sungkar
eJournal Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 5, No 2 (2017): Vol 5, No. 2 (2017): Agustus
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

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Perokonda Village located in Sumba Island is one of the most underdeveloped regions in Indonesia with high risk of soil-transmitted helminthes (STH) infections. These parasites could affect nutritional status of the subjects. This study was aimed to know the nutritional status and to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment using singledose albendazole on the prevalence of STH infections in Perokonda Village. This study used a pre-post design. Data were collected twice on August 2015 and January 2016. Data of STH infections were obtained from stool samples examined under light microscope. Nutritional status was assessed by determining Z-score in accordance with WHO chart. A total of 66 children were included ranging between 1-12 years old. This study showed that before treatment, subjects with normal nutritional status were 84,8% and 15,2% were underweight. After treatment, subjects with normal nutritional status declined to 75,8%, subjects who were underweight increased to 19,7%, and 4,5% were severely underweight. The result also showed that prevalence of STH was still high after treatment. Prevalence of A.lumbricoides infections significantly decreased (McNemar test, p=0,001), while prevalence of T.trichiura and hookworm infections increased. In conclusion, single dose albendazole significantly reduced the infections of A.lumbricoides, but it did not reduce the prevalence of T.trichiura and hookworm infections. Further study is needed to measure the effectiveness of treatment using triple dose albendazole for STH infection and its association with children&rsquo;s nutritional status in Perokonda Village.
Glaucoma Therapy Using Diode Micropulse Trans-Scleral Cyclophotocoagulation Laser Widya Artini
eJournal Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 5, No 2 (2017): Vol 5, No. 2 (2017): Agustus
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

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Abstract

Micropulse Trans-Scleral Cyclophotocoagulation (MP-TSCPC) Laser omits a fractioned continuous wave diode laser that targets the ciliary body, which produces aqueous humor, in order to reduce the Intraocular Pressure (IOP). It is commonly used for refractory glaucoma that is difficult to treat using medication or surgery. This case series assessed the effect of MP-TSCPC in five glaucomatous eye from patients in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital in March-May 2017. An inclusion criteria in this case includes glaucomatous eyes with IOP more than 21 mmHg that is non-responsive to glaucoma medication or surgery. MP-TSCPC was considered successful if the IOP reduced more than 30% from the initial IOP. There were two absolute Primary Closed Angle Glaucoma (PCAG), two moderate and severe Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG) and one secondary glaucoma case. Initial mean IOP was 36 &plusmn; 107 mmHg, in which one month after MPTSCPC the mean IOP reduced to 19,6 &plusmn; 5,1 mmHg. All of the patients in this case series had reduced IOP more than 30% with no loss of visual acuity nor phthisis bulbi. This method was successful in reducing IOP in glaucomatous eye without any side effect, only post-operative pain was complained by the patients after the procedure, in which it was relieved using analgesic medication.

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