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Alchemy : Journal of Chemistry
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang
ISSN : 20861710     EISSN : 24606871     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/al
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology
ALCHEMY: Journal of Chemistry (eISSN 2460-6871) is a scientific journal that focus on chemistry. This journal publishes a scientific article that cover research and review articles. Research topics for this journal such as natural science, physical chemistry, inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, environment, biochemistry, marine, energy and other related-sciences. ALCHEMY: Journal of Chemistry also accepts article about halal products and chemistry on Islamic perspectives.
Arjuna Subject : Kimia(semua kategori) - Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 169 Documents
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STUDI KESEIMBANGAN ADSORPSI MERKURI(II) PADA BIOMASSA DAUN ENCENG GONDOK (Eichhornia crassipes) Al-ayubi, Muhammad Chalid; Barroroh, Himmatul; Dewi, Diana Candra
ALCHEMY ALCHEMY (Vol.1 No.2
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (214.663 KB) | DOI: 10.18860/al.v0i0.1675

Abstract

Metal ion adsorption research with utilizing Eichhornia crassipes leaf biomass has been done. Metal ions which are ever researched are Cr, Cd, Pb and Ni, but research with utilizing Hg metal ion is never done, so need to be implemented a mercury adsorption research to eichhornia crassipes leaf biomass. Because pH solution is very influential to metal ion adsorption by biomass, so in this research is inspected determining of optimum pH to mercury adsorption. This research is experimental research which is started with determining of optimum pH, this determining of optimum pH is implemented with way of interacting 60 mmg/L mercury metal ion with 0,1 gr eichhornia crassipes leaf biomass for 60 minutes at range of pH 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 6, 4, 6, 7, 7 and 8, then continued with control solution production to know the solubility of mercury in every pH. The determination of adsorption capacity, adsorption constanta and adsorption energy are implemented with way of interacting eichhornia crassipes leaf biomass with mercury metal ion by 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 and 150 mmg/L variation of concentration for 60 minutes in pH optimum. Data the result of experiment then processed using the similarity of Langmuir isotherm and Freunlich.. The result of the research indicates that pH 6 is mercury adsorption optimum pH in eichhornia crassipes leaf biomass. The mercury isotherm adsorption in eichhornia crassipes leaf biomass takes a part of the similarity of langmuir isotherm with point R2 = 0,982, from the similarity of langmuir isotherm gotten adsorption capacity (Xm) in the mount of 4, 806 x 10-5 mol/gr with adsorption constanta (K) 27130,85 mol/L and adsorption energy (E) in the mount of 25,46079 kJ/mol.
ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA AKTIF EKSTRAK AIR DAUN PAITAN (THITONIA DIVERSIFOLIA) SEBAGAI BAHAN INSEKTISIDA BOTANI UNTUK PENGENDALIAN HAMA TUNGAU ERIOPHYIDAE M., Taufiq,
ALCHEMY ALCHEMY (Vol 2 No 1
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

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Abstract

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang isolasi, uji fitokimia dan uji toksisitas ekstrak air Daun Paitan (Thitonia diversifolia) terhadap Hama Tungau Eriophyidae. Al-Qur´an surat Al An’am (6), ayat 141 dan surat Al Ankabut (29), ayat 30, yang menunjukkan adanya tanaman yang bermanfaat untuk difikirkan oleh para peneliti supaya dapat dimanfaatkan secara maksimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui senyawa aktif yang terkandung pada ekstrak air Daun Paitan. Tujuan kedua yaitu untuk mengetahui tingkat toksisitas dari ekstrak air Daun Paitan (Thitonia diversifolia) terhadap pertumbuhan Hama Tungau Eriophyidae. Ekstraksi Daun Paitan (Thitonia diversifolia) dilakukan dengan pelarut air. Metode ekstraksi yang digunakan yaitu ekstraksi maserasi selama 48 jam dan. Ekstrak pekat diuji toksisitasnya terhadap Hama Tungau Eriophyidae, diuji kandungan fitokimia menggunakan reagen dan dianalisa lebih lanjut menggunakan Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi (KCKT). Data kematian Hama Tungau Eriophyidae dianalisis dengan analisis probit untuk mengetahui nilai LC50. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak air Daun Paitan (Thitonia diversifolia) memiliki tingkat toksisitas terhadap Hama Tungau Eriophyidae, yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai LC50 kurang dari 1000 ppm. Nilai LC50 masing-masing perlakuan adalah 3,9163 ppm, 3,1784 ppm dan 2,2922 ppm, sehingga yang memiliki bioaktivitas tertinggi terhadap Hama Tungau Eriophyidae adalah 2,2922 ppm, yaitu pada perlakuan selama 72 jam. Hasil uji fitokimia menunjukkan adanya golongan senyawa flavonoid, alkaloid dan tanin, sedangkan hasil dari analisa HPLC menunjukkan kromatogram dengan 4 puncak yang diduga senyawaan flavonoid, alkaloid dan juga tanin, dengan waktu tambat 9,55; 10,86; 12,16; 17,36 menit. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya manfaat tanaman yang telah disebutkan dalam Al-Qur’an, sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai acuan bahwa tumbuhan Paitan (Thitonia diversifolia) berpotensi sebagai bahan insektisida botani yang sangat ekonomis.
UJI EFEKTIVITAS DAN IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA EKSTRAK BIJI SIRSAK (ANNONA MURICATA LINN.) YANG BERSIFAT BIOAKTIF INSEKTISIDA NABATI TERHADAP HAMA THRIPS P., Mulyawati, A.
ALCHEMY ALCHEMY (Vol 2 No 1
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

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Abstract

Annona muricata grow widespread and they are known as herbal insecticides. The aim of this experiment is to: 1) evaluated of crude extracts against thrips pest and 2) known insecticides chemical compounds from crude extracts Annona muricata seeds. These extract with the concentration of 5 mg ekstrak/L air, 10 mg ekstrak/L air, 20 mg ekstrak/L air, 40 mg ekstrak/L air, and 80 mg ekstrak/L air were added to the thrips pest was had red bended at Jatropha curcas. Polysulfides and combine water dan detergen were used as positive control and negative control, respectively. Thrips pest were observed in 120 hours after spraying completed random program. Identification of insecticides bioactive compunds from crude extract Annona muricata seeds using thin layer chromatography (TLC), phytochemical analysis spectrofometer FTIR and Chromatography Gas-Spectra Mass (GC-MS). The result showed each concentration of crude extracts Annona muricata seeds have toxicity at thrips pest were showed in LC < 1000 mg extract/L air, exactly 16,9272 mg ekstrak/L water in 120 hours after spraying. Concentration 40 mg extract/L water in 72 hours  have kill 39,2%, is not significant difference with 80 mg extract/L water 44,4 % of mortality. Phytochemical analysis secondary metabolite and separatoring acetogenin compounds using analitic TLC done give negative result. The result identivication of FTIR and gas chromatograph-mass spectra (GC-MS) is unsaturated carboxilic acid; linoleic acid, octadecanoic acid, palmitic acid and 2furancarboxaldehide.
ISOLASI AN IDENTIFIKASI KITIN, KITOSAN DARI CANGKANG HEWAN MIMI (HORSESHOE CRAB) MENGGUNAKAN SPEKTROFOTOMETRI INFRA MERAH Rifai, Dewi Nur Rizqiyah
ALCHEMY ALCHEMY (Vol 2 No 1
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

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Abstract

Penelitian tentang pengisolasian kitin telah banyak dilakukan pada cangkang rajungan dan cangkang udang. Konsentrasi reagen yang digunakan untuk mengisolasi kitin pada cangkang rajungan dan cangkang udang berbeda. Dilihat dari segi kekerasan cangkangnya, cangkang hewan mimi lebih keras dari pada cangkang rajungan dan cangkang udang sehingga perlu dilakukan metode isolasi kitin dari cangkang hewan mimi yang sesuai.  Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini ada 3 tahap. Pertama deproteinasi dengan variasi konsentrasi reagen NaOH 3,5 %, 4,5 %, 5,5 %, 6,5 % dan 7,5 %, kedua demineralisasi dengan variasi konsentrasi reagen HCl 1 M, 1,5 M, 2 M, 2,5 M, dan 3 M, ketiga deasetilasi dengan konsentrasi NaOH 50 %. Uji karakteristik kitin dan kitosan hasil isolasi dilakukan dengan IR.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi optimum reagen NaOH pada proses deproteinasi sebesar 4,5 % dengan konsentrasi optimum protein yang dilepaskan sebesar 601 ppm. Konsentrasi optimum reagen HCl pada proses demineralisasi adalah 2,5 M dengan kadar abu yang tersisa dalam kitin sebesar 0,972 %. Derajat deasetilasi (D%) kitin sebesar 45,4 % sedangkan kitosan 50,5 %.
DENTIFICATION AND TOXICITY TEST OF CITRONELLAL FROM CYMBOPOGON NARDUS LEAFS AS ANTIFEEDANT OF TOWARD THRIPS IN JATROPHA CURCAS M, Iqbal Fikri
ALCHEMY ALCHEMY (Vol 2 No 1
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

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Abstract

The aim research is to identification citronellal compound from Cymbopogon nardus  leafs using gas chromaatograph – mass spectra (GC-MS) and showes variation consentration and time contack of citronellal compounds at toxicity test of thrips pest at Jatropha curcas using variation concentration. The result of fractioned destilation get 3 fractions; fraction I (2-110-C), fractions II (111-128 C) and fraction III (128-130o C) have same property with citronellal. Identification result of GC-MS showed that citronellal concentrated in fraction was 13 %. Toxicity testing given not significant different. At concentrate 40 mL/ L of citronellal in water destilat have contact poison because have kille thrips pest 85 % at 24 hours. But, at concentrate 5 ml/L, 10 ml/L, dan 20 ml/L air of citronellal in work as stomact poison, because just can kill less 50 % thrips pest at 24 hours after observed mortality value is 21,6 %, 8 % and 40 %.Key word: Identification, citronellal, cymbopogon, jatropha.
EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE, PH ON TOTAL CONCENTRATION AND COLOR STABILITY OF ANTHOCYANINS COMPOUND EXTRACT ROSELLE CALYX (HIBISCUS SABDARIFFA L.) R, Hermawan
ALCHEMY ALCHEMY (Vol 2 No 1
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

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Abstract

Recently, Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) has been known as communities used for tea, rather than based on this background, research was conducted with the aim: (1) To determine the rate of anthocyanin degradation due to the influence of heating and color stability extract roselle calyx (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), (2) To determine the stability of anthocyanin due to the influence of pH on total anthocyanin extract compounds and color roselle calyx (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) during the storage process.  This research was conducted by extracting the sample with citric acid 2% solvent. Concentrated extract was used to test the stability of the heating temperature, test the stability of pH during the storage process for ± 30 days and color change.  The results of this study indicate that extracts of roselle calyx (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) experienced a decrease in concentration at 80 °C. Concentration of anthocyanin degradation rate followed the equation r = 0.014T – 1.169 with the lowest concentration value of 32.916 mg / L. The intensity of color produced due to the influence of heating at 80 °C with varying time is 29.6 to 30.7 for the parameters of brightness (L *), 23.9 to 20.7 redness (a *), and 13.5 - parameter 15 for yellow (b *) increased. The intensity of color produced due to the influence of pH variation during the storage process is 27.5 to 26.2 for L * values decreased on average instead of L * at different pH average value increased from 27.5 to 39.7 . The result of reading the value of a * decreased with increasing storage time and reduced levels of acidity, namely from 22.7 to 18.3 and from 22.7 to 9.7. While reading the value of b * along with increasing storage duration has decreased and has decreased with the reduction in the level of acidity, namely from 11.8 to 10.9 and from 11.8 to 13.8.  Keywords: Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), anthocyanins, degradation, temperature, pH, color
UJI TOKSISITAS DAN IDENTIFIKASI AWAL GOLONGAN SENYAWA AKTIF EKSTRAK ETANOL DAN N-HEKSANA TERIPANG PASIR (Holothuria scabra) KERING PANTAI KENJERAN SURABAYA Inayah, Nurul; Ningsih, Rachmawati; Adi, Tri Kustono
ALCHEMY ALCHEMY (Vol.2 No.1
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (321.171 KB) | DOI: 10.18860/al.v0i0.2292

Abstract

Sea cucumber (H.Scabra)is a species of marine biota providing high economicaland medical values. It has been hundreds years consumed for drug to cure various diseases in China. The aim of this research was to determine the level of the toxicity against brine shrimp larvae A.salina Leach in each dried sea cucumber (H.scabra) extract collected from Kenjeran Coast, Surabaya. The information would be beneficial for anticancer drug discovery .The research was conducted by extracting samples using both ethanol and n-hexane solvents.The concentrated extract obtained then were used for the toxicity test against brine shrimp larvae of A.salina Leach (BSLT). The mortality data of A.salina Leach was analysed using probit analysis to determine the value of LC50 on each extract. The phytochemical assay and thin layer chromatography (TLC) was also apllied for both extracts.The result showed that both ethanol and n-hexane exctracts performed toxicity level against brine shrimp larvae of A.salina Leach with LC50less than 1000 ppm.The n-hexane extract indicated LC50 of 189.093 ppm, higher than the ethanol extract, 286.031 ppm. The presence of steroids were detected in both extract whilst the alkaloids were only detected in the ethanol extract. Further separation of the n-hexane exctrat using TLC in n-hexane;ethyl acetate;amonia (66:33:0.8) yielded 5 spots with the Rf of 0.3;0.44;0.54;0.72 and 0.78, respectively.
PENYAKIT MALARIA DAN MEKANISME KERJA OBAT-OBAT ANTIMALARIA Muti’ah, Roihatul
ALCHEMY ALCHEMY (Vol.2 No.1
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (519.807 KB) | DOI: 10.18860/al.v0i0.2293

Abstract

Malariais one of theinfectious diseaseis stillaproblem ofthe world withhigh mortality. Therapeutic purpose of uncomplicated malariais to eliminateplasmodiumcause infection to preventinfectionseverity, complications andbreak the chain oftransmission. While the purpose therapyof severemalaria is to prevent mortality.Recommendedtherapy of malaria isa combination of twoormore antimalarial drugsthat mechanisms actionkillsmalarialparasitesin thebloodand theamount of each drugworks ondifferent receptors. The use ofa combination ofseveralantimalarial drugshas becomea necessityforprevention ofmalariaparasitestrainsthat are resistantto certain drugs. Combination therapyinclude:ACTs(artemisinin combinationtherapies); artesunateandamodiaquin; artesunateandmefloquin; artesunatewith oneof theSP, lumefantrin, piperaquin, pyronaridin; antibiotic(doxyciclin, clindamycine, azithromycin), artemether-lumefantrine (AL); chloroquineandSP;atovaquoneandproguanil (Malarone)
PENGARUH LAMA FERMENTASI TERHADAP KADAR ALKOHOL TAPE SINGKONG (Manihot utilissima Pohl). Hasanah, Hafidatul; Jannah, Akyunul; Fasya, Ahmad Ghanaim
ALCHEMY ALCHEMY (Vol.2 No.1
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (383.261 KB) | DOI: 10.18860/al.v0i0.2294

Abstract

Tape is one of the products of fermentation. Of the agreement MUI, foods and beverages containing alcohol should not exceed 1%, so the food / drinks that contain high levels of alcohol exceeding 1% are included in the category of haram for consumption. This study aimed to determine the effect of fermentation time on ethanol content of cassava (Monihotutilissima Pohl) tapai. The method that is used to separate the two or more component of volatile and non volatile from tapai is called distillation while to analyze an ethanol level used gas chromatography (GC) method. To examine the data which differentiate the base concentration of alcohol (%) in cassava tapai since fermentationprocess which were analyzed by variants analysis (ANOVA). In the next experiment, if there was different significant result, then continued by the test of BNT which the level for about 1%.The samples of cassava (Monihot utilissima Pohl) tapai fermented for about 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours. Those tapai were mashed and added the aquades. The mixed materials were distillated, then entered into the bottle and considered as gram unit. The considered distillations were being analyzed used gas chromatography (GC) method.The result of the research showed that there is the influence of long fermentation to ethanol level’s of cassava (Manihot utilissima Phol) tapai. The level of cassava ethanol was 0.844%, 2.182%, 4.904%, 6.334% and 11.811%. The long fermentation was for about 120 hours and it was an indeed influence (p 0,01) to the level of cassava’s ethanol among the period of long fermentation.
PENGARUH IMPREGNASI LOGAM TITANIUM PADA ZEOLIT ALAM MALANG TERHADAP LUAS PERMUKAAN ZEOLIT Rianto, Lalang Budi; Amalia, Suci; Khalifah, Susi Nurul
ALCHEMY ALCHEMY (Vol.2 No.1
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (833.364 KB) | DOI: 10.18860/al.v0i0.2295

Abstract

Effort that can  maximize the working of natural zeolite is by activation and modification as a carrier of active metals or commonly called impregnation. Modified zeolite by impregnation using titanium metal is to increase the performance of a pure metal catalysts such as low in thermal stability, decreasing surface area and sintering occurs (clotting) and expensive in the application. Bearers Treatment in the metallic solids by  impregnating the zeolite would make the metals in zeolites as bifungsional catalysts.Modified Malang’s natural zeolite starting with the activation process using a solution of NH4NO3 2 M, continued by the addition of titanium metal used in zeolite TiO2 solution with a concentration of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 M. Modified zeolite crystallinity characterized analized by XRD analysis. Methylen blue adsorption on Ti-zeolite is to measure the specific surface area. SEM surface morphology analysis is used to determine the content of the element is by using XRF analysis.Characterization using XRD analysis results indicate that Malang’s natural zeolite not changed in the structure, but it changes the intensity due to the addition of titanium. The largest surface area measurement obtained from the treatment of Ti-zeolite 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 M are : 23.159; 23.077 and 20.848 m2/gr. SEM analysis showed that titanium metal dispersion fairly evenly after the modification. While from the XRF analysis showed that the ratio of Si / Al increased to 4.354 and content of titanium in the Ti-natural zeolite Malang is 13.6%.

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