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Medical Journal of Indonesia

MJI
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Published by Universitas Indonesia

ISSN : 08531773 EISSN : 22528083 DOI : 10.13181

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

This quarterly medical journal is an official scientific journal of the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia in collaboration with German-Indonesian Medical Association (DIGM) Indexed in: IMSEAR; CAB Abstracts; Global Health; HINARI; DOAJ; DRJI; Google Scholar; JournalTOCs; Ulrichsweb Global Serial Directory; WorldCat; New Jour; Electronic Journals Library; ISJD Accredited (2013-2018) by DIKTI Kemendikbud Republik Indonesia (No:58/DIKTI/Kep/2013)

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Articles 1,251 Documents

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Prevalence and risk factors for microalbuminuria in a cross-sectional study of type-2 diabetic patients in Indonesia : a subset of DEMAND study Soegondo, Sidartawan; Prodjosudjadi, Wiguno; Setiawati, Arini
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 18, No 2 (2009): April-June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Aims Microalbuminuria (MA) is a strong predictor of diabetic nephropathy and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with type-2 DM. The present study aimed to gather information on the prevalence and risk factors for MA in Indonesian patients with type-2 DM.Methods The DEMAND study was an international open cross-sectional 1-day survey on microalbuminuria prevalence and its risk factors in type-2 diabetic patients. This study reports the results of the Indonesian survey which was performed in primary care practice in Indonesia from June to December 2003. Normotensive or hypertensive adult patients of both genders with type-2 DM without known proteinuria and/or kidney disease were recruited into the study. Patients with known pregnancy, having menstruation or acute fever were excluded. A single urinary albumin/creatinine test was carried out in all patients.Results A total of 770 patients were eligible for analysis. Approximately 80% of the patients had micro-/ macroalbuminuria, while renal insufficiency was detected in about 36% of the 433 patients with available data. Target HbA1c (< 7%) was reached by only 40% of the 118 patients who had HbA1c values. Most antidiabetic treatment prescribed was oral (82%), while insulin was used by only 14% of patients. Goal BP (< 130/80 mm Hg) was achieved in only 9% of patients. The frequency of patients receiving antihypertensives was 52%, statins 18%, and aspirin 26%. The most frequently used antihypertensives were RAS blockers (45%), while diuretics were used in 7 % of the patients. The family history of DM was found in 43% of patients, the history of retinopathy in 16%, diabetic foot 9%, and history of smoking in 20% of patients.Conclusion These data reveal that Indonesia has one of the highest frequencies of silent diabetic kidney disease seen in any national group in the global DEMAND Study. Early detection, monitoring of vascular complications, and more aggressive multifactorial treatment aiming at renal and vascular protection are urgently needed for Indonesian patients with type-2 diabetes. (Med J Indones 2009; 18: 124-30)Key words: microalbuminuria, type-2 DM, Indonesia, DEMAND study

Cardiocerebral resuscitation: advances in cardiac arrest resuscitation Mulia, Erwin; Siswanto, Bambang B.
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 20, No 4 (2011): November
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Cardiac arrest remains a leading cause of death in the world. Although advances in emergency cardiac care has been achieved, the survival rate of those non hospitalized hospital cardiac arrest remains low. Update in guidelines for CPR and emergency cardiovascular, their approach to out of hospital cardiac arrest is far from optimal. This provides an opportunity to advocate cardiocerebral resuscitation as an alternative toÂ traditional cardiopulmonary resuscitation for non hospitalized cardiac arrest. Because cardiocerebral resuscitation results in improved survival and cerebral function in patients with witnessed cardiac arrest and a shockable rhythm whom have greatest chance of survival, it should replace CPR especially for non hospitalized cardiac arrest.(Med J Indones 2011; 20:306-9)Keywords: cardiocerebral resuscitation, cardiac arrest,Â cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Comparison of the efficacy and safety of isepamicin plus metronidazole and amikacin plus metronidazole in intra-abdominal infections Philippi, Bernardus; Lalisang, Toar J.M.; Th-Akib, Husniah; Setiabudy, Rianto; Hudiono, Johannes; Darmansjah, Iwan
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 10, No 2 (2001): April-June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Intra-abdominal infections due to penetrating wound through the abdominal wall or rupture of the gastrointestinal tract are acuteÂ conditions requiring prompt surgical intervention and the use of appropriate antimicrobial agents. Isepamicin is an effectiveÂ aminoglycoside against various Gram-negative pathogens causing intra-abdominal infections. The objective of the present study is toÂ compare the efficacy and safety of isepamicin (15 mg/kgBW IV o.d.) with amikacin (7.5 mg/kgBB b.i.d.), in conjunction withÂ metronidazole for both drugs. An open, randomized, parallel design was applied in this trial. The subject allocation ratio forÂ isepamicin: amikacin is 2:1. Out of 50 patients enrolled in this study, 27 fuffilled the criteria for safety and efficacy population, and 46Â for intent-to-treat population. In the safety and efficacy population, the clinical success rare for isepamicin and amikacin group did notÂ differ significantly (i.e., 95% and 100%, respectively). In the intent-to-treat population, the clinical success rates for isepamicin andÂ amikacin group were also insignifficantly different (i.e., 97% and 100%, respectively). The rates of bacteriological elimination forÂ isepamicin and amikacin, were 95% and 100%, respectively in the efficacy and safety population, and 90% and 93%, respectively inÂ the intent-to-treat population. Streptococci and staphylococci were the most frequent (40%) pathogens isolated from pus, andÂ Acinetobacter anitratus (55%) was the most common one isolated from blood. In the efficacy and safety population, the mean (Â± SD)Â length of hospital stay in the isepamicin and amikacin groups was 10.7 Â±Â 3.9 and 11.1 Â±Â 3.8 days, respectively, while in the intent-to-treatÂ population, the mean (Â±Â SD) length of hospital stay in the isepamicin and amikacin groups was 10.1 Â±Â 3.4 and 10.5 Â±Â 3 days,Â respectively. In the present study, both aminoglycosides were well tolerated and there was no patient withdrawal associated with sideÂ effect. It is concluded that for intra-abdominal infections, intravenous isepamicin given once daily is as effective as intravenousÂ amikacin given twice daily in combination with metronidazole. (Med J Indones 2001; 10: 88-94)Keywords : Isepamicin, amikacin, inta-abdominal infections

Post-irradiation osteosarcoma : A case report Hutagalung, Errol U.; Basuki, Achmad; Susworo, R.
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 9, No 4 (2000): October-December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

[no abstract available]

Transgenic and gene disruption techniques from a concept to a tool in studying the basic pathogenesesis of various human diseases Jusuf, Ahmad A.
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 7, No 2 (1998): April-June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

[no abstract available]

The levels of hs-CRP in patients with coronary heart disease Lefrandt, R. L.
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 13, No 2 (2004): April-June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Coronary heart disease (CHD) due to atherosclerosis is a multifactorial process with multiple interdependent factors. At present time, atherosclerosis is considered to be an inflammatory process. It has been proven that inflammation plays a mayor role in the initiation, progression as well as the destabilitation of the atherosclerosis plaque. High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is one of the most important inflammatory marker in CHD and directly related to the extent and severity of atherosclerosis, extent of myocardial ischemia and myocardial necrosis. The purpose of this study is to determine hs-CRP levels in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), chronic CHD and non CHD. And, to determine the correlation between hs-CRP levels and CKMB enzyme level in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This is a descriptive observational analytic study with cross sectional design. hs-CRP levels were measured by using chemiluminescent method on 21 ACS patients, 20 chronic CHD patients and 20 non CHD patients. The mean hs-CRP level in ACS, chronic CHD and non CHD patients were respectively 8.40 (SD 5.53) mg/l, 2.81 (SD 2.09) mg/l and 1.07 (SD 0.81) mg/l. A statistically significant difference in hs-CRP level was found between ACS, chronic CHD and non CHD (p = 0.000). A positive correlation was found between hs-CRP level and CKMB enzyme level in AMI patients (p = 0.004). In conclusion hs-CRP level is consistently higher in patients with ACS compared to patients with chronic CHD and non CHD. A positive correlation was found between the increased level of hs-CRP and CKMB enzyme level. (Med J Indones 2004; 13: 102-6) Keywords: atherosclerosis, inflammation, hs-CRP, CHD

Lessons learned from health and fitness prescription: a Malaysian experience Latiff, Khalib A.; Junid, Syed A.; Razak, Muhammad A.; Ali, Osman; Amin, Rahmah M.; Hazli, Khairul; Rahman, Rizam A.
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 16, No 1 (2007): January-March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Proportion of chronic diseases sufferers are increased by age. The usual control measures are therapeutic prescription and clinical counseling. However, its low compliance rate has interfered this effort. Therefore, community intervention can be a suitable prescriptive option to provide a long lasting effect. For that, a package of community intervention has been established in one sub-urban area in Malaysia to observe its acceptability, thus it can be acted as a social instrumentation to bring both biological and social benefits to this group of community. This study used quasi-experimental design on a cohort of elderly citizen aged 45 and above. Respondents are exposed to a mixed and planned prescribed fitness activity using participatory approach. Process involved in program implementation is closely observed both quantitatively and qualitatively. Community participation occurred in a positive and fast mode, with 78% being the elderly people aged above 45 years old. Initial observation revealed that about 47.6% suffering hypertension, while 38.4% hypercholesterolemia, 16.8% obese and 7.1% diabetes mellitus. Physically active members were moderate - about 31.0%. In term of process, participatory approach seems to be very effective to mobilize community towards health and fitness. A planned community fitness program is a form of social instrumentation to bring biological and social benefits to chronic diseases sufferers. It has also useful to promote favorable lifestyle and quality of life of this group of people. (Med J Indones 2007; 16:39-46) Keywords: community intervention, community participation, fitness program, disease burden

The Relationship Between Retinol/Retinol Binding Protein 4 ratio, resistin and inflammation in non diabetic obese Indonesian men Meiliana, Anna; Lawrence, Gatot S.; Patellongi, lhamjaya; Wijaya, Andi; AsÃ¢Â€Â™ad, Suryani
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 19, No 1 (2010): February
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Aim To verify the correlation between Retinol/RBP4 Ratio, and resistin with inflammation (represented by hsCRP) in non-diabetic obese Indonesian menMethods This was a cross sectional study using 125 subjects. Measured parameters were retinol, RBP4, resistin, and hsCRP. Correlation between retinol, RBP4, resistin, hsCRP and Retinol/RBP4 Ratio was calculated. Cut off point of hsCRP were classiied as follows: <1 mg/l for low risk of inflammation, 1-3 mg/l for moderate risk, and 3-10 mg/l for high risk (according to CVD risk). The Retinol/RBP4 ratio was dichotomized into high (>0.9) and low ratio (â¤0.9). The cross tabulation test was performed to predict the inflammation trends described by Retinol/RBP4 Ratio and resistin.Results Retinol was found strongly correlated with RBP4 and resistin (r=0.53; p<0.01). A positive but not significant correlation was found between resistin and Retinol/RBP4 Ratio with hsCRP. In high ratio group, 17.6% subjects were found with low risk inflammation, 26.4% with moderate risk, and 20.8% with high risk, in low ratio group, 8% subjects were low risk inflammation, 20% moderate risk, and 7.2% high risk. Combination between ratio and resistin showed that in âhigh ratio and low resistinâ group, 12% subjects have low risk of inflammation and 8% have high risk. Meanwhile in âlow ratio and high resistinâ group, 3.2% subjects were found having low risk and 13.6% high risk of inflammation.Conclusions Combination between Retinol/RBP4 Ratio and resistin showed better description about the inflammation risk in non-diabetic obese subjects compare to the ratio itself. (Med J Indones 2010; 19:57-63)Keywords: Retinol, RBP4, resistin, hsCRP, obesity, inflammation

Detection of Cryptosporidium sp infection by PCR and modified acid fast staining from potassium dichromate preserved stool Kurniawan, Agnes; Dwintasari, Sri W.; Soetomenggolo, Herbowo A.; Wanandi, Septelia I.
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 18, No 3 (2009): July-September
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Aim To identify the frequency of Cryptosporidium infection in children below 3 years old by examining concentratedÂ long term preserved stool using PCR detection of 18S rRNA gene and compared with modified acid fast stainingÂ technique.Methods Hundred eighty eight stools from children â¤ 3 years old were stored for 13 months in 2.5% K2Cr2O7 solution atÂ 40C. Cryptosporidium oocysts were isolated by water-ether concentration technique. The concentrates were smeared ontoÂ object glass and stained with modified acid fast staining, and the rest of the concentrates were DNA extracted by freezingÂ and thawing cycles and proteinase K digestion, then direct PCR was done to detect 18S rRNA gene.Result The proportion of positive stools for Cryptosporidium sp by acid fast staining from concentrated stools andÂ 18S rRNA PCR were 4.8% and 34.6% respectively, which showed statistically significant difference.Conclusion The frequency of Cryptosporidium infection among children â¤ 3 years old was very high and stool storageÂ in K2Cr2O7 for 13 months did not affect the PCR result. High prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection indicated highÂ transmission in that area and the potential to be transmitted to other individuals such as the immunocompromised.Â (Med J Indones 2009;18:147-52)Key words: 18S rRNA, cryptosporidiosis

Ethnic difference in serum antibodies to oxidized low density lipoprotein in healthy Malaysian subjects Kyi, Win M.; Sirajudeen, K. N.S.; Omar, Julia; Zainan, Ahmad E.
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 21, No 1 (2012): February
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Background: Some populations are more susceptible to atherosclerotic diseases than others. Indians had a higher mortality due to coronary heart disease (CHD) than Chinese and Malays. Antibodies to oxidized low density lipoprotein (Ab-oxLDL) are produced as an immune response to oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL). The difference in prevalence of CHD among the ethnic groups may be related to the immune response. The objectives of this study were to determine the serum Ab-oxLDL levels and lipid profile among the three major Malaysian ethnic groups.Methods: The participants of this study were 150 healthy subjects consisting of 50 Malays, 50 Chinese and 50 Indians. Serum Ab-oxLDL was measured by enzyme immunoassay method. Serum triglycerides and total cholesterol were measured by enzymatic methods. Serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was measured by precipitation method and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was calculated using Friedewald formula.Results: AboxLDL level [adjusted mean (95% of CI)] was highest in Malays [1404 (1202-1607) mU/mL] followed by Chinese [1026 (829-1223) mU/mL] and Indians [954 (744-1163) mU/mL] (P = 0.006) and HDL-C level was highest in Chinese [1.53 (1.44-1.61) mmol/L] followed by Malays [1.44 (1.35-1.53) mmol/L] and Indians [1.35 (1.26-1.45) mmol/L] (P = 0.035).Conclusion: Our results indicate that Ab-oxLDL and HDL-C levels differed by ethnic and AboxLDL may have antiatherogenic properties among Malaysian ethnic groups. (Med J Indones 2012;21:18-22)Keywords: Antibodies to oxLDL, coronary heart disease, ethnic groups, LDL, lipid profile

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Education Tower 6th floor, IMERI building, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jalan Salemba Raya 6, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia

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INDONESIA