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INDONESIA
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains
Published by Universitas Riau
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Core Subject : Engineering,
Engineering
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Articles 3,071 Documents
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Studi Komparasi Karakteristik Asap Cair Hasil Pirolisis dari Kulit Durian, Pelepah dan Tandan Kosong Sawit dengan Pemurnian Secara Distilasi
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Liquid  smoke  is  one  of  the  modern  methods  of  food  preservation.  It  made  from biomass containing cellulose, hemicellulose and  lignin. The purpose of  this research was  to generate and  compare  the  characteristics of  liquid  smoke  results  from  pyrolysis    feedstock durian shell, EFB and palm midrib and distillation refining. The method is carried out every feedstock  in  the pyrolysis  temperature  range of 300-350  °C and distilled  temperature at of 175  °C.  Then,  performed  analysis  of  the  characteristics  of  liquid  smoke  compounds  using GC/MS  and  test  pH  using  a  pH meter. The  yield  of  liquid  smoke  pyrolysis  results  of  each feedstock  is  durian  shell  42.474%;  49.647%  EFB  and  palm  midrib  44.66%.  From  the analysis of GC/MS, acetic acid has the highest percent area among 16 dominant compounds in  liquid  smoke  of  pyrolysis  results  and  among  14  dominant  compounds  after  distillation. Percent acetic acid in the area of liquid smoke each feedstock pyrolysis results changed after the distillation of durian  shell 54.17%  to 62.8%; EFB 48.83%  to 74.39% and palm midrib 52.19%    to 41.14%. The percent area of phenolic compounds  that act as antioxidants  skin durian  is  1.38%  to  2.72%; EFB  5.28%  to  6.56%  ;  palm midrib  9.12 %  to  5.84 %. Liquid smoke pH values obtained after distillation is  the durian shell 3.8; EFB 3.5 and 3.4 of palm midrib . Keywords :, durian shell, EFB, liquid Smoke, palm  midrib, pyrolysis
Pengaruh Variasi Temperatur Dan Waktu Terhadap Rendemen Pirolisis Limbah Kulit Durian Menjadi Asap Cair Nurrassyidin Nurrassyidin; Idral Idral; Zultiniar Zultiniar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Manufacturing of   Liquid Smoke from durian’s peel waste biomass  that used for preservation by pyrolysis process  to produce more valuable and reliable product. Purpose of  this research  is  to find dependence of   yield  liquid smoke from pyrolysis durian’s  peel  waste  to  temperature  and  time.  The  temperature  is  250°C,  275°C, 300°C, 325°C and 350°C also the time is 90, 120 and 150 minutes that did with one set of pyrolysis equipment. From this research has been got the result of yield at each variabel, 250°C = 5.95%, 275°C = 10.57%, 300°C = 11.12%, 325°C = 11.22% dan 350°C =19.09% and 90 minutes = 14.31%, 120 minutes = 19.10% dan 150 minutes = 26.52%. so at the highest temperature and time will be get the highest yield. Keywords: Durian’s Peel, Liquid Smoke, Preservation, Pyrolysis
Pembuatan Biodiesel Berbahan Baku CPO Menggunakan Reaktor Sentrifugal dengan Variasi Rasio Umpan dan Komposisi Katalis Ardago Lengga Muda Siregar; Idral Idral; Zultiniar Zultiniar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

One  of many  sources  of  alternative  fuel  is  biodiesel  . Biodiesel  production  cost  is  still quite  expensive,  it  need  a  technology  to  reduce  thecost  of  biodiesel  production  .  Centrifugal reactor  technology  is  one  of  the  alternative  technology  of  biodiesel  production, which  is  very likely to be developed .Study of biodiesel production using palm oil as the feedstock, methanol as the  reagent, and NaOH as catalyst.This  research use centrifugal  reactor as  the  reactor, which has  a  pre-heater  for  feed,  feed  tank  and  pumps.  The  study  was  conducted  at  the  reaction temperature of 60ºC with a residence time in the reactor for 2 hours . CPO mixture , methanol , and a catalyst in the feed the reactor with variation in the molar methanol : CPO ( 3:1 , 6:1 , 9:1 , 12:1  ) and  the variation of  the  composition of  the catalyst  ( 0.5, 0.75, 1 %  - w  )  . From  the results of the study showed that the molar ratio and catalyst composition affects the speed of the reaction  to reach equilibrium reaction  . The results showed biodiesel using centrifugal reactor reaches  a  yield  of  92.6 %  under  the  conditions  of  9:1  molar  ratio  with  0.75 %-w  catalyst  . Characteristics of biodiesel produced in the form of viscosity , density , acid number , and flash point of biodiesel are qualified as Indonesian standards of Biodiesel.
Pengaruh Suhu Dan Waktu Distilasi Terhadap Komposisi Kimia Asap Cair Dari Kulit Durian Widiya Widiya; Idral Idral; Zultiniar Zultiniar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Purification  of  liquid  smoke  is  very  important  for  the  safety  of  liquid  smoke  for preservative  food.  Distillation  was  done  reduces  carsinogenic  compound  such  as  tar  and benzo(a)pyrene and determined 1st, 2nd, 3th grade of smoke  liquid. The research was done using distillation process, with temperature and time variable. The results of GCMS analysis indicated no detected  tar and benzo(a)pyrene. Maximum  temperature  to get of  liquid smoke 1st  grade  at  125oC with  distillation  time was  30 minutes.  At  this  condition  value  of  acid, carbonyl  and  phenol  were  20.53%,  27.05%  and  0% Keywords: Pyrolysis, Distillation, Liquid Smoke
Analisis Kapasitas Tampungan Embung Bulakan Untuk Memenuhi Kekurangan Kebutuhan Air Irigasi Di Kecamatan Payakumbuh Selatan Garsia, Dafit; Sujatmoko, Bambang; Rinaldi, Rinaldi
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

The dry season often causing hundreds of hectares of rice fields suffer from drought, coupled with reduced discharge of irrigation water sources. This problem can be experienced by  the farmers in various areas, including in the District of  South Payakumbuh. As an alternative to solving the problem if there is such a thing is to build a small dam that is used to store water for the rainy season and used for the dry season. This paper will discuss about availability of water, irrigation water requirements, analyze capacity small dam, operating time opening the sluicegate,  rice area  which can be irrigated  and calculate the  dimensions  of the  spillway. From the calculation of available water discharge approximately 159.33 l / dt, maximum irrigation water requirement of 1.204 l/sec/ha,  the maximum reservoir for irrigation around 12577.177 m3. Rice area which can be  irrigated calculated every hour on each opening  the sluicegate as high as 0.1 m, 0.15 m, 0.20 m, 0.25 m, and 0.30 m for 10 hours and a maximum rice area which can be irrigated successively measuring 195.424 ha, 284.876 ha, 368.494 ha, 445.991 ha and 517.042 ha in the first hour. Furthermore, at the tenth hour rice area which can be irrigated successively an area of 182.966 ha, 237.896 ha, 268.727 ha, 276.084 ha and 261.411 ha. Spillway using Ogee type summit with a summit height of 7.94 m and 1 m high surveillance. Keywords: small dam, water requirements, storage capacity
Optimasi Pola Tanam Irigasi Kaiti Samo Kabupaten Rokan Hulu Menggunakan Program Linier Abror, Mukhlas; Fauzi, Manyuk; Saputra, M Efendi
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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The main purpose of this study is to optimize the utilization of water resources and land in Kaiti Samo Irrigation Area of Rokan Hulu District through variations of crop patterns. Kaiti Samo Irrigation Area with 1654 Ha of potential area, the functional area is only 700 Ha. The processing of agricultural land at the location is also done twice a year with Padi-Padi-Bera crop pattern.   The research methode used is optimization study to obtain the maximum profits of farming results based on the optimal planting area using a linear program. The existing dependable volume and crops water requirements of each alternative crop pattern planned are used as restrictions/constrains as input for operation of linear program. The results of these calculations are expected to know the optimal planting area according to the crop pattern and crop season, also the greatest profits will be obtioned.   The results of one early planting alternative planned, crop pattern is obtained which get the greatest profits is Padi– Padi– Kacang Hijau at early planting November period I. The profits is Rp 8.829.000.000,00 with the planting area for crop season I: Padi = 1180 Ha, crop season II: Padi = 1180 Ha, crop season III: Kacang Hijau = 1140 Ha, and crop intensity 237%.   Key words : dependable volume, crop water requirement, crop pattern, optimization, linear program
Model Peramalan Inflow Waduk Plta Koto Panjang Menggunakan Pendekatan Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System Handayani, Yohanna Lilis
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Many studies has shown that the ANFIS  model  has good prediction performance results for forecasting hydrological phenomena such as reservoir inflow. The existence of the success, it is necessary to research the  reliability of the ANFIS models when applied to existing reservoirs in  Riau Province, namely  Koto Panjang Hydropower Reservoir. The results of  the ANFIS  models  in the  development  phase  of this  study indicate that the scheme 4 (4 inputs) with the ROI value of 0.02 is the best scheme so that the scheme is used to build the model of ANFIS. The cross validation on ANFIS models  provide  the best  performance  prediction  with  correlation coefficient (R) between the prediction values and the observational value is 0.90. Keywords:  Inflow, Koto Panjang Hydropower Reservoir, ANFIS, Cross Validation .
Kuat Tekan Beton Dan Waktu Ikat Semen Portland Komposit (PCC) Azmi Firnanda; Alex Kurniawandy; Ermiyati Ermiyati
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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This research comparison compressive strength and setting time of concrete used Portland Cement Composite (PCC) and Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). Total of samples are 120 and for each ages are 10. Composition of mixture in this research base on ACI method. The result of the test obtained compressive strength of PCC at the age of 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 90 days are 15.65, 21.54,  27.69, 31.37,  31.71 and 37.65 then for OPC are16.99, 22.65, 28.99, 32.27, 32.89, and 38.16. Research showed the age factor of PCC for each ages are 15.65, 21.54, 27.69, 31.37, 31.71, and 37.65 then for OPC are 16.99, 22.65, 28.99, 32.27, 32.89, and 38.16. The value  of age factor OPC and PCC obtained different with the age factor OPC on PB 89 standard. The initial setting time of PCC are 119.17 minute and OPC are 92,99 while the final setting time of PCC are 165 minute and OPC are 150 minute. Keywords: age factor, compressive strength, PCC, OPC, setting time.
Kajian Kapasitas Saluran Pada Sistem Jaringan Drainase Untuk Mengatasi Genangan Pada Wilayah Telkom Dan Pasar Buah (Jalan Sudirman Pekanbaru) Fahrul Iswar; Mudjiatko Mudjiatko; Trimaijon Trimaijon
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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This study analyzed drainage capacity, conducting drainage  flow patterns  that affect  the Sago River,  to  cope with  floodwaters  in the  area of  the intersection of  Jalan  Sudirman-Jalan Hang Tuah (Office Telkom) and Pasar Buah, Pekanbaru, and calculate the flow rate when the  rainfall  intensity  high. The data  required  in  this study  conducted  in two ways, namely  field surveys  and  institutional  surveys.  Hydrological  analysis  was conducted to determine  the intensity of  the rain,  in the form of daily rainfall data  for 15 years  (1997-2011).  From the analysis of  the plan  obtained  daily  rainfall  (R24)  for the  5-year anniversary  when  the  study  area  is  126.798  mm.  Tackle the problem  at the point of flooding Pasar Buah can be done by adding dimension to channel SD SG KR2 with added height channel (H) between 5-50 cm. Tackle the problem of flooding at the point of Telkom can be done by adding dimension  to channel SD SG KR5 with added height channel  (H) between 15-50 cm and channel SG AS KR1 with added height channel (H) between 15-50 cm. Keywords: drainage, flow pattern, flow, flood
Analisa Sensitivitas Parameter - Parameter Yang Mempengaruhi Rencana Anggaran Biaya (RAB) Perumahan Cluster Di Pekanbaru (Studi Kasus Perumahan Sari Residence) Luse Benita; Ari Sandhyavitri
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Pekanbaru is one of the provincial capital in Indonesian that has rapid population growth about 4%  each year. One of thedevelopment thing is the rapidly growing field of building construction, especially in the field of housing.  Free trade competition in which the selling price as set by the government.  It is necessary to identify the parameters that affect the Budget Plan (RAB) in Type of Cluster House development.  Sensitivity analysis is needed to determine how sensitive a decision to change the parameters that influence it.  Criteria of the largest costs incurred is the cost of home work better than the average yield response of respondents as well as seen from the calculation of the RAB. RAB calculations obtained percentage of the cost of homework on the overall total cost for one (1) of housing units is 61.64%. Retrieved parameters that affect as many as 12 parameters namely: Wall Working, Roof Working, foundation working, concrete working, vast excess soil, deed of sell, Building Permits, Ownership Certificate, Electrical installation, Water Treatment Plan, Mainroad. So we need antisipasif action against these parameters. Keywords: Developer, Budget Plan (RAB), Type of Cluster House, Sensitivity

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