cover
Contact Name
Tofan Dwi Hardjanto
Contact Email
deha@ugm.ac.id
Phone
+62274513096
Journal Mail Official
lexicon.fib@ugm.ac.id
Editorial Address
English Department Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada Soegondo Building, 3rd Floor, Room 306 Yogyakarta, Indonesia 55281
Location
Kab. sleman,
Daerah istimewa yogyakarta
INDONESIA
Lexicon
ISSN : 23022558     EISSN : 27462668     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/lexicon
Lexicon, Journal of English Language and Literature, is an open access, peer reviewed, academic journal published by the English Department, Universitas Gadjah Mada in cooperation with the English Studies Association in Indonesia (ESAI). It is devoted primarily to the publication of studies on English language and literature. It publishes original articles written exclusively in English twice a year in April and October. Manuscript submission is free of charge and open all year round to any author all across the globe.
Articles 169 Documents
Impoliteness and Power in U.S. Political Campaign Debates: The Case of Donald Trump Ahmad Wijanarko; Thomas Joko Priyo Sembodo
Lexicon Vol 5, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v5i1.41277

Abstract

This research examines impoliteness strategies in the context of political campaign debates by the presidential candidates, particularly by Donald Trump against other candidates. The data used in this research, taken from the last three National Republican debates, were Donald Trump’s utterances in which he employed impoliteness strategies. The data were analyzed using Garcia-Pastor’s (2008) impoliteness strategies. The results show that Donald Trump employed the negative-face oriented strategies much more frequently (66.15%) than the positive-face oriented strategies (33.85%). The negative-face oriented strategy ‘state the communicative act(s) as common or shared knowledge’ was the most frequently used (30.38%). These results suggest that for the purposes of asserting power in the debates, Donald Trump tends to use negative-faced oriented impoliteness strategies in his political debates.
American Society Viewed from Youths’ Lens: A Study on Bob Dylan’s “A Hard Rain’s a-Gonna Fall” Fauzan Rodi; Rahmawan Jatmiko
Lexicon Vol 5, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v5i1.41278

Abstract

This study examines the lyric of a famous song entitled A Hard Rains a-Gonna Fall composed by American folk musician, Bob Dylan. The objective of this study is to analyze the perspective of the baby-boomer generation, which remarkably differs from that of the older generations in terms of their attitude on certain issues such as war, social injustice, racism and equality in the 1960s America. All of these are reflected in the lyric of the song and also in the sociological and historical facts around the time when the work was created. The approach of sociological literature is employed in this study, which is chosen for the analysis to start from the assumption that the meaning of the lyrics is seen as the reflection of what happens in the society. This is also to reconfirm that a literary work can be used as a means of analyzing a period of time and, therefore, giving insights as to how the general public think about it.
Illocutionary Acts in Online Airline Advertising Slogans Isnain Arrosid; Aris Munandar
Lexicon Vol 5, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v5i1.41280

Abstract

This research attempts to examine the illocutionary acts used in airline slogans taken from online airlines advertisements and investigate the most dominant illocutionary acts used in the slogans. The data were collected from online advertisements from November 2015 until January 2016. The results of the research show that four types of illocutionary acts are used in the slogans: directives, expressives, commissives and assertives with three patterns of illocutionary acts: Assertives entailing expressives, commissives entailing expressives and directives entailing expressives. Based on the findings, the most dominant type of illocutionary acts used was assertives with 40 occurrences (70%). Claiming is an assertive illocutionary act that was used most frequently in the slogans. This is in line with the main aim of advertising, i.e., persuading people. No declarative illocutionary act was found in the slogans since it is hard to fill the mode of achievement of a declarative in online advertising which changes the hearer’s status.
Terms of Address Showing Disrespect in Orange is the New Black Sufi Adenda; Ni Gusti Ayu Roselani
Lexicon Vol 5, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v5i1.41281

Abstract

This research investigates terms of address showing disrespect in a television series entitled Orange Is the New Black. The data used in this research were utterances containing terms of address showing disrespect found in the first eight episodes of season one of the series. 107 terms of disrespect addresses were found, which were then analyzed using Allan and Burridge’s (2006) and Dunkling’s (1990) categories of insults. The results show that the most frequently used category of insults in the series (43%) was the comparison of people with animals category and the Hispanics express the disrespect address terms the most (6.1 disrespect address terms per 1000 words) in comparison with the African-Americans (5.5) and the Caucasians (1.5).
The Flouting of the Gricean Maxims in the Movies Insidious and Insidious 2 Melinda Kurniati; Sharifah Hanidar
Lexicon Vol 5, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v5i1.41282

Abstract

The research attempts to examine the flouting of the Gricean maxims in two horror movies Insidious and Insidious 2. It also aims to investigate the functions of the flouting that the characters made when speaking to other characters. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used to analyze the data. The results show that in Insidious, the characters flout all the maxims with 23 cases of flouting: 3 cases of the flouting of the maxim of quality (13.1%), 9 cases of the flouting of the maxim of quantity (39.1%), 6 cases of the flouting of the maxim of relation (26.1%), and 5 cases of the flouting of the maxim of manner (21.7%). Whereas the characters in Insidious 2 only flout two maxims, the maxim of quantity and relation with 7 cases of floutings: 3 cases of the flouting of the maxim of quantity (42.8%), and 4 cases of the flouting of the maxim of relation (57.2%). The results indicate that characters in Insidious and Insidious 2 flout the maxims for a number of reasons, the main reasons being to avoid making the main characters upset, provide comprehensive explanations, convince the hearer, and criticize someone’s action.
Criticism against the Gentlemen Image in England’s Victorian Period in R.L. Stevenson’s The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Vallentina Chelsy; Mala Hernawati
Lexicon Vol 5, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v5i1.41283

Abstract

England’s Victorian period is marked as an era of historical, technological, economic, and social change. Although science and technological advancement was very progressive—denoted by the Industrial Revolution which took place in this era—the Victorian society’s ideal of moral values, norms, and beliefs was very conservative. Robert Louis Stevenson, a famous Victorian author, wrote The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde which portrays the complexity of Victorian upper class lives in dealing with the development of science yet facing the strict social norms. This research applies a sociological approach to examine the significant relations between the characterization of the three main characters in the novel—Jekyll, Hyde, and Utterson—and the social issues in the Victorian era. A library research as well as a qualitative method is applied in the process of collecting and analyzing the data. It was found that both Henry Jekyll and Edward Hyde symbolize the repressed individuals of Victorian social norms as Jekyll suppresses his inner-self and separates his dual personality apart in the form of Edward Hyde. As the representation of Jekyll’s evil side, Hyde performs violent and criminal acts which oppose the ideal of social morality. It can be concluded that Jekyll-Hyde’s characterization articulates the social criticism against the firm gentlemen image in the Victorian era. In contrast, Utterson’s characterization represents the epitome of Victorian gentleman.
Slang in American and British Hip-Hop/Rap Song Lyrics Tessa Zelyana Hidayat; Rio Rini Diah Moehkardi
Lexicon Vol 5, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v5i1.41284

Abstract

This research examines semantic changes and also the associative patterns of slang, focusing primarily on common topics, i.e., people and drugs. The data were slang terms taken from the lyrics of hip-hop/rap songs sung by four singers, two from the U.S.A and two from the U.K. A total of 105 slang terms were found, 45 of which belong to the people category and 16 to the drugs category in the American hip-hop/rap song lyrics, and in the British hip-hop/rap song lyrics, 26 of which belong to the people category and 18 to the drugs category. Bitch and nigga were found to be the most frequently used slang terms in the people category. In terms of semantic changes, broadening, amelioration, and narrowing were found, and in terms of associative patterns, effect, appearance, way of consuming, constituent, and container associative patterns were found. In addition, a new associative pattern was found, i.e., place of origin.
Hierarchy of Expressive Culture in Birdman Dhania Putri Sarahtika; Nur Saktiningrum
Lexicon Vol 5, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v5i2.41304

Abstract

Despite the accolades that it has received, Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance) has not been thoroughly studied in the academic sphere. This research attempts to examine the hierarchy of expressive culture portrayed in the screenplay of Birdman using Lawrence W. Levine’s theory (1988) of cultural hierarchy. A sociological approach by Swingewood & Laurenson (1972) is applied to see the work’s relation to the society. Firstly there is highbrow/lowbrow categorization, followed by an analysis of the challenges to the hierarchy; each process includes comparison between the findings and the reality in the present-day American society to see their resemblance.
Grammatical Errors Produced by UGM English Department Students Ikhwanuddin Hasan; Aris Munandar
Lexicon Vol 5, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v5i2.41305

Abstract

This research attempts to identify the grammatical errors produced by students of the English Department of UGM year 2012 in their final paper of the writing class. In particular, it attempts to classify the errors based on Surface Strategy Taxonomy proposed by Dulay, Burt, and Krashen (1982). The data used in this research were taken from the submitted assignments of the English Department students of Universitas Gadjah Mada year 2012 in General English, particularly nine students in writing class. We found 178 errors in fourteen linguistic categories which are divided into four parts: omission, addition, misformation, and misordering. From all the four parts, we discovered that the most frequent errors found are in the part of misformation (97 errors; 54.49%), followed by omission (38 errors; 31.11%), misordering (22 errors; 12.78%), and addition (20 errors; 11.11%). However, in the linguistic categories, the three most frequent errors found are misformation of verbal (30 errors), misordering of complex sentence (20 errors), and omission of determiner (19 errors).
Refusal Strategies in Two Harry Potter Movies Winny Permataningtyas; Thomas Joko Priyo Sembodo
Lexicon Vol 5, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v5i2.41578

Abstract

This research investigates refusal acts and the strategies used in Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone and Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets movies. It aims to identify what types of refusal acts are used by the characters in the movies and how they are expressed throughout the movies. The data were obtained from the two movies. A total of 91 refusals and 12 adjuncts were found in the movies. The results indicate that indirect refusals were more commonly used (65%) than direct refusals (35%). However, the direct strategy negative willingness/ability is the most commonly used (26%), followed by the indirect strategies Attempt to dissuade interlocutor (21%) and Reason/Explanation (18%). The findings seem to suggest that the characters in the Harry Potter movies tend to express their refusals indirectly, especially through persuasion and explanation.

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