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Articles 123 Documents
Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Kemangi terhadap Penurunan Kadar Kreatinin dalam Darah Tikus Putih yang Diinduksi Parasetamol Wibowo, Arianto Adi; Ediningsih, Endang; ., Samigun
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 1, No 1 (2012): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Background: Induced by parasetamol in large quantities will damaging in proximal tubule. Creatinine which should secreted by glomerolus will back in blood stream if occur kidney obstruction that which decreasing in-blood levels of creatinine. The purpose of this research is to find out whether the extract of kemangi has an effect to decrease in-blood levels of creatinine in white rats induced by parasetamol. Methods. The research was an experimental laboratoric study with the post test only controlled group design. This study was done in Setia Budi University. Subjects in this research were tirthty male white rats (Rattus norvegicus), 2-3 month of age and 150-220 gram of each weight. Subjects were divided into 5 groups.Group I as a negative control only received normal saline. Group II as a positive control  and group III, IV, and V  received parasetamol (150 mg/200 g body weight) every 3 day for 10 days. Group III received extract kemangi at 40mg / 200g body weight every 3 day for 10 days. Group IV received extract kemangi at 80mg / 200g body weight every 3 day for 10 days. Group V received extract kemangi at 120 mg 200 g body weight every 3 day for 10 days. Treatment were conducted on 11st after a 10-day adaptation. Blood sampling via plexus vena orbita of white rats for creatinine levels measured were conducted on 21st day. Then data was analyzed using One-Way ANOVA and LSD. Result. Result of One-Way ANOVA showed that there was a significant different between 5 groups: positive and negative control groups, and three dosages difference treatment (40mg, 80mg, 120mg / 200gr BB). Result of LSD showed that there was a significant different between positive control group and treatment groups; and between control group,  but there was not the significant different between negative control group and treatment groups; and each treatment groups. Conclusion. All of the extract kemangi dosages has significantly effect to decrease in- blood levels of creatinine in white rats induced by parasetamol. Statisticaly, there is no significant different in the dose diffenrence at treatment 1, 2 and 3 (40mg, 80mg, 120mg / 200gr BB). Keywords: extract kemangi, decrease in-blood levels of creatinine, parasetamol.
Perbedaan Efek Ekstrak Etanol Stevia Dibandingkan Madu Terhadap Perubahan Glukosa Darah Tikus Wistar Model Diabetik Fatimah R, Siti; ., Kisrini; Puspita Febrinasari, Ratih
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 1, No 1 (2012): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background:Stevia’s leaf contains steviol, stevioside and rebaudioside which have effect to increase secretion insulin. Honey, natural sweetener contains several antioxidant such as propolis, flavonoid and vitamin. It will eliminate free radicals and indirectly improve pankreas glands cells to produce insulin. This research was aimed to know the difference effect of stevia’s ethanol extract comparedto honey on changing of blood glucoselevel on diabetic model Wistar rats. Methods:This was experimental research with pre and post test controlled group design. Samples were 32 male rats, Wistar Strain, 6-8 weeks and + 200 gweight. Sampling technique used in this research was incidental sampling. Samples were divided into 4 groups: negative control group (aquadest), positive control (glibenclamide dose 0.09 mg/200 g body weight), treatment group 1 (stevia’s ethanol extract dose 20 mg/200 g body weight), treatment group 2 (honey dose 2 ml/200 g body weight). Data were analyze using Saphiro-Wilk’s test of normality and Friedmann test (α = 0.05) and Post Hoc Multiple Comparison (Wilcoxon) (α = 0.05) using SPSS 17 for Windows. Results:There was a significant difference (p = 0.002) on the Wistar’s blood glucose level which was given stevia’s ethanol extract or honey. Stevia’s ethanol extract effect more on decreasing the blood glucose than honey. But, the both of them are able to decrease the Wistar’s blood glucose on diabetic model Conclusions:Stevia’s ethanol extract has the effect of decreasing blood glucose level on diabetic model Wistar rats better than honey. Keywords:ethanol extract of stevia, honey, alloxan, changes in blood glucose levels.
Efek Antihiperkolesterolemia Ekstrak Buah Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn.) terhadap Kadar Kolesterol LDL Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) Rosmalianti, Andina
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 1, No 1 (2012): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Current lifestyle has shifted towards high fat diet which leads to hypercholesterolemia. The increased LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) level is a risk factor for coronary heart disease. Natural plants have been increasingly used to manage metabolic diseases such as hypercholesterolemia. Among the plants is bilimbi fruit which is assumed to have anticholesterol effect owing to its bioactive components, namely pectin, saponin, and niacin. This research aims to examine the effect of bilimbi fruit extract on LDL-C levels in cholesterol-fed white rats. Methods: This was an experimental study using post test only controlled group design. A total of 35 white male Wistar rats aged 2-3 months and weighed 160-200 grams were assigned into five groups, i.e. normal control group, positive control group, negative control group, and two treatment groups with bilimbi fruit extract at dosage I and II. After being adapted for a week, all groups but normal control, were given hypercholes-terolemic food and 0,01% PTU for 14 days. At day 22, positive control group was given simvastatin 0,8 mg/200 gBW, and treatment groups were given bilimbi fruit extract at dosages of 40 mg/200 gBW and 80 mg/200 g BW, respectively for 14 days. Blood samples were taken through retro-orbital venous at day 37 to measure LDL-C levels. Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA test followed by LSD test. Results: Mean LDL-C levels differed significantly across groups (p<0,001). Results from LSD tests showed significant differences between positive control group as well as treatment groups at dosage I and II compared to negative control group (p<0,01). There were significant diferences of mean LDL-C levels between positive control group (p=0,044) and normal control group (p=0,001) compared to bilimbi fruit extract group at dosage I. No LDL-C level differences were found between bilimbi fruit extract at dosage II compared to positive control group (p=0,246) and to normal control group (p=0,790). Conclusions: Bilimbi fruit extract at dosage 40 mg/200 gBW and 80 mg/200gBW significantly decreased LDL-C levels in hypercholesterolemic white rats. Keywords: Bilimbi fruit extract, LDL-C, hypercholesterolemia
Efek Proteksi Biji Mahoni (Swietenia mahagoni Jacq.) terhadap Kerusakan Hepar Mencit yang Diinduksi Parasetamol Endahfuri, Dahniar; Listyaningsih, Endang; Sari, Yulia
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 1, No 1 (2012): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Background: Seedof Swietenia mahagoni Jacq. contains alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, and tannins which were thought to protect liver from free radicals.In present study, Swietenia mahagony Jacq.seed extract was evaluated for its protective effect on paracetamol-induced liver damage in mice. Methods:To evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of Swietenia mahagony Jacq. seed extract, 28 male Swiss webster micewere equally divided into four groups. Animals of group I (K) and group II (P1) were given aquadest for 14 days. Group III (P2) received 14 mg/25 g body weight of mice of Swietenia mahagony Jacq. seed extract and the last group (P3)received 28 mg/25 g body weight of mice of Swietenia mahagony Jacq. seed extract for 14 days.Paracetamol was given to groups of P1, P2, andP3.Mice were sacrificedon the 15th day and histological preparation was made to evaluate histological damage on liver. Liver histological features were assessed by counting the number of hepatocyte on centrolobuler zone undergoing pyknosis, karyorhexis, and karyolysis. Data were analyzed using the OneWay ANOVA test (α = 0.05) and then were continued with Post Hoc Multiple Comparisons (LSD) test (α = 0.05). Results:The mean liver histological damage score was significantly higher on group of P1=60.71+7.521, whilegroup of K= 9.86+1.574 as the less.P2grouphad fewer numbers of liver histological damage (32.57+2.573) compared to the P3group(43.57+3.101). The results of OneWay ANOVA and LSD test showed that there was significant difference between the four groups (p = 0.000). Conclusions:Swietenia mahagony Jacq.seed extract showed protective effect against the hepatotoxicity induced by paracetamolin mice.Swietenia mahagony Jacq.seedextract with the dose of 14 mg/25 g bodyweight of mice showed a higher hepatoprotective effect than the dose of 28 mg/25 g body weight of mice. Keywords:Swietenia mahagony Jacq. seed, liver damage,paracetamol
Efek Hepatoprotektor Ekstrak Daun Dandang Gendis (Clinacanthus nutans) terhadap Kadar SGPT Tikus Putih (Rattus novergicus) yang Diinduksi Parasetamol Sasongko, Devi Purnamasari; Subandono, Jarot; ., Martini
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 1, No 2 (2012): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Paracetamol was a safe drug, but would cause oxidative stress if  taken too much.. Dandang gendis leaves contained a flavonoid antioxidant. This research intended to prove the antioxidant effect of dandang gendis leaves that could prevent liver cell damage of white rat induced by paracetamol. Methods: This research was an experimental laboratoric with post test only control group design. This research had taken place at Parasitology and Micology Faculty of Medicine Sebelas Maret University Surakarta. The sample was 32  Wistar white rats. The dependent variable was the SGPT level of white rats and the independent variable was the dandang gendis leaves extract. The white rats were divided into 4 groups: negative control group (KK0), positive control group (KK1), first threated group (KP1), and second threated group (KP2). KP1 had been given 30 mg/200 gr BB dose and KP2 had been given 60 mg/200 gr BB dose for 14 days. At 11th –  13th days, the white rats from KK1, KP1, and KP2 had been given 291.6 mg/200 gr BB dose of paracetamol. At 14th day, rat’s blood had been taken from orbitalis sinus. The damage of the liver cell had been measured with SGPT laboratory test. The data had been analyzed with one way ANOVA test then with post hoc test (α = 0.05). Results: The highest rate of SGPT levels was KK1, following KP1, KP2, and the lowest was KK0. Oneway ANOVA test resuls showed a significant difference among the four groups with p = 0.000. Post hoc test results showed a significant difference between KK0 – KK1 (p = 0.003) and KK0 – KP2 (p = 0.019) whereas between KK0 – KP1 (p = 0.204), KK1 – KP1 (p = 0.885), KK1 – KP2 (p = 0.077), and KP1 – KP2 (p = 0.932) had no significant difference. Conclusion: Giving dandang gendis leaves extract was not  significant to raise the SGPT level of white rat induced by paracetamol. Raising dandang gendis leaves extract doses was not significant to raise its hepatoprotector effect. Keywords: dandang gendis leaf, SGPT, white rat, hepatoprotector, paracetamol
Efek Hepatoprotektor Ekstrak Tempe Kedelai pada Mencit (Mus musculus) yang Diinduksi Parasetamol Arifyanto, Elanda Rahmat; Widjokongko, S. Bambang; Sjarifah, Ipop
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 1, No 2 (2012): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Abstract

Background: Soybean tempeh is known to contain various kinds of antioxidants such as vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin B2, saponins, isoflavones, phytic acid, lecithin, iron, and phytosterol. Antioxidants are thought to be hepatoprotective. The objective of this research is to know the influence of soybean tempeh extract to the liver histological damage of mice (Mus musculus) and the increase of soybean tempeh extract dose can also increase protection effect to the liver histological damage of mice (Mus musculus) which is induced by paracetamol.   Methods: This was laboratory experimental research with the post test only controlled group design. Samples were 32 male mice, Swiss webster type, 2-3 months old age and ± 20 g of each weight. Samples were divided into 4 groups of 8 mice each. Sampling technique used in this research was incidental sampling. Mice for control group (K) and P1 group will be given aquadest for 14 days in a row. The P2 and P3 group will be given soybean tempeh extracts dose for 14 days in a row. Soybean tempeh extracts dose in each group was 2.2 mg/20 g weight of mice and 4.4 mg/20 g weight of mice. Paracetamol will be given to P1, P2, and P3, with dose 5 mg/20g weight of mice on the 12th to 14th days. On the 15th day, hepar of mice was taken and stainned with Hematoxylin Eosin (HE) for histopathological study. The hepar cells of mice were observed microscopically by counting the number of necrosis cells on the centrolobuler zone. The data were analyzed by Oneway ANOVA test and Post Hoc test (α=0.05).   Results:The average damage of hepar cells in the K, P1, P2, P3 were 20.75 ± 1.58; 85.00 ± 2.98; 43.75 ± 2.92; 31.00±2.00consecutively. The results of Oneway ANOVA test showed a significant difference in all group (p < 0.05). The results of Post Hoc test showed significant differences between K – P1, K – P2, K – P3, P1 – P2, P1 – P3, and P2 – P3 with p < 0.05.   Conclusion: The soybean tempeh extracts can prevent the histological damage of the hepar cells of mice (Mus musculus) and the increase of soybean tempeh extracts dose followed by the increase of protection effect to the liver cell damaging of mice which is induced by paracetamol.   Key words: soybean tempeh extract, paracetamol, liver histological damaging.
Efek Diuresis Ekstrak Propolis pada Tikus Putih Jantan (Rattus Norvegicus) Fadityo, .; Doewes, Muchsin; ., Kisrini
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 1, No 2 (2012): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Background:Diuretics are medicine that increase the amount of  urine volume. Propolis has 150 compounds that have biological activities, one of the is flavonoid. Flavonoid known to has diuretic effect. Methods:The research is a laboratory experimental analytic study using randomized controlled trial done at Laboratory of Setia Budi University Surakarta in June 2012. The research subject is a number of 35 male white rats of Wistar strain. They were divided into five treatment groups, each group consists of seven rats. Simple random sampling is used for sampling technique. Before the treatment,  rats were adapted for 7 days and fasted for 48 hours but still provided with drinking water. Propolis extract was given orally. Group I was given aquadest 2.5 ml as negative control, group II was given hydrochlorothiazide 0.3 mg/2.5 ml as positive control, group III was given propolis extract at dose 30 mg/2.5 ml as dose I, group IV was given propolis extract at dose 60 mg/2.5 ml as dose II, and group V was given propolis extract at dose 120 mg/2.5 ml as dose III. Rats urine volume was measured every 6 hours for 24 hours. Results:Result of statistic calculation using Anova test with p < 0.05 shows that there is significant difference in total rats urine volume between group I, II, III, IV, and V. The Post-Hoc test result between group I compared with the others group was significant difference.Group II has the largest urine volume from all groups. Group III has the largest urine volume among the groups that given propolis extract. Group IV has larger urine volume than group V and group V has the least urin volume among the groups that given propolis extract. Conclusions:Through observing amount of urine volume and statistic calculation, it can be concluded that propolis extract has diuretic effect in the male white rats.The increase of propolis extract dose cause the decrease of urine volume. Keywords:Propolis extract, hidroclorotiazid, diuretic
Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Teh (Camellia sinensis, Linn. var. Assamica) terhadap Mortalitas Cacing Ascaris suum, Goeze Afiyyuddin N, Ahmad; Utari, Cr. Siti; Wijayanti, Lilik
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 2, No 1 (2013): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Background: Camellia sinensis, Linn. var. Assamica leaves contain tannin that have been known to have anthelmintic effect. This study aimed  to determine the effect of Camellia sinensis, Linn. var. Assamica leaves extract toward death time of Ascaris suum, Goeze. Methods: The study was a laboratory experimental research using the post-test only controlled group design. Subjects were Ascaris suum, Goeze. The sampling technique used was purposive random sampling. Subjects were divided into 7 groups, each group using 4 worms, replication performed 5 times. Saline solution was used in negative control group, pirantel pamoate 5 mg/ml was used in positive control group, while the treatment group used Camellia sinensis, Linn. var. Assamica leaves extract concentration of 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, and 90%. Worms immersed in the test solution at 25 ml and incubated at 37°C. Observations were made every 1 hour and counted dead times of all worms. Data were analyzed with regression linier and probit analysis. Results: Observations of total deaths mean time Ascaris suum, Goeze negative control for 48 hours, the positive control 1 hours 10 minutes, the concentration of 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% for 10 hours 24 minutes, 9 hours 12 minutes, 7 hours 12 minutes, 5 hours 12 minutes and 4 hours. Linear regression test results show that the variation of the concentration affects long worm death. Probit analysis results obtained LC50 and LT50 Camellia sinensis, Linn. var. Assamica leaves extract is 67,183% and 3 hours 46 minutes. Conclusions: Based on this study, it can be concluded that of Camellia sinensis, Linn. var. Assamica leaves extract affects mortality of Ascaris suum, Goeze, the increasing of extract concentration is inversely proportional with the death time of worms. Keywords: Camellia sinensis, Linn. var. Assamica leaves extract, Ascaris suum, Goeze. 
Efek Diuresis Ekstrak Seledri (Apium graviolens L.) pada Tikus Putih Jantan (Rattus norvegicus) Evanti, Annisa Marsha; Doewes, Muchsin; Murti, Bhisma
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 2, No 1 (2013): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Background: Celery (Apium graviolens L.) is known has some biochemical substances effect such as kalium nitrat, manitol, and apigenin/flavonoid which can result diuretic effect. This research aims at finding out the diuretic effect of celery extract (Apium graviolens L.) on the male white rats (Rattus norvegicus). Methods: The research is a laboratory experimental analytic study using the Randomized Controlled Trial design. The research subject is a number of 30 male white rats of Wistar Strain, 200 grams of body weight. They were divided into five treatment groups randomly. Group I was given 3 mL aquadest as negative control, group II was given 0,32 mg/3 mL hydrochlorotiazid as positive control, group III was given 1,2g/3 mL celery extract as dose I, group IV was given 2,4g/3 mL celery extract as dose II, and group V was given 4,8g/3 mL celery extract as dose III. Rats urine volume was measured every 4 hours for 16 hours. Results:The result of statistic calculation using ANOVA test with p = 0.000 (p < 0.001) shows that there are significant differences in total rats urine volume between group I, II, III, IV, and V in every observation time. The Post-hoc test shows significant differences between negative control and three dosages of celery extract (p < 0.05), and the similarities between positive control and three dosages of celery extract (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Through observing amount of urine volume and statistic calculation, it can be concluded that there is diuretic effect of celery extract on the male white rats. Celery extract at dose 2,4 g/3 mL has the highest diuretic effect but celery extract at 1,2 g/3 mL has the optimum diuretic effect. Keywords: Celery extract, diuretic effect, hydrochlorotiazid
PerbedaanPengaruh Nefroprotektor Ekstrak Kunyit, Ekstrak Temulawak, dan Kombinasinya Terhadap Kerusakan Histologis Sel Ginjal Mencit yang Diinduksi Parasetamol Sanubari, Aulia Agung; Muthmainah, .; Isdaryanto, .
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 2, No 1 (2013): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Background: Turmeric and xanthorrhiza have been known to contain curcumin, and specially xanthorrhiza also contain xanthorrhizol that may exhibit significant protection of kidney cells from free radicals. This study has carried out to evaluate difference nefroprotector effect between turmeric, xanthorrhiza, and combination turmeric and xanthorrhiza on histological damage of kidney cells that induced paracetamol in mice. Methods: Present study was experimental laboratory research with post test only controlled group design.Samples were 30 male Swiss webster mice (2-3 months old) weighing+20 g, and they were divided equally into 5 groups, 6 mice each group. Sampling technique in this research was incidental sampling.KK (-) and KK (+) were given aquadest for 14 days. KP1 was given turmeric extract with the dose of 2,8 mg/20 g body weight of mice, KP2 was given xanthorrhiza extract with the dose of 14 mg/20 g body weight of mice, and KP3 was given combination of turmeric extract with dose 2,8 mg/20 g body weight of mice and xanthorrhiza extract with dose 14 mg/20 g body weight of mice for 14 days.Paracetamol was given to groups ofKK (+), KP1, KP2, and KP3on the 12th, 13th, and 14th day. On day-15th, micewere sacrificedandkidneys weretakento makepreparationsby paraffinblockmethodandHEstaining. Kidney histological features were assessed based on quantifying ofpyknosis, karyorrhexis, and karyolysis. Data were analyzed with the Kruskall-Wallis test (α=0.05) and continued with Mann-Whitney test (α=0.05). Results: Mean KK(-) : 10,33±1,40, KK(+) : 25,88±3,19, KP1 : 15±2,37, KP2 : 11,58±2,33, and KP3 : 13±1,92. Result of statistically data analysis showed that there was a significant difference of kidney damage score between all pairs of groups, except KK(-) - KP2 was not significant. Conclusion: There was a difference nefroprotector effect between turmeric, xanthorrhiza, and combination of them on histological damage of kidney cells that induced paracetamol, and xanthorrhiza extract at dose 14 mg/20 g body weight of mice had a better effect than turmeric extract or combination of them. Keywords: turmeric extract, xanthorrhiza extract, nefroprotector, kidney cells damage.

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