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SODALITY: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
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Core Subject : Social,
Social Sciences
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Articles 172 Documents
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KEARIFAN LOKAL DALAM PENGELOLAAN SUMBERDAYA AIR DI KAMPUNG KUTA Oktaviani Sumarna Aulia, Tia; Hadi Dharmawan, Arya
SODALITY: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol 4, No 3 (2010)
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Abstract

Water is important resources to fulfill human needs. So, water resources must managed properly  in  order  to  maintain  the  sustainability  of  resources.  Water  resources management should adapt to each area’s characteristic because it has different local wisdom. Local wisdom not only as the features of a community, but also as the effort for ecological environment sustainability. The purpose of this research is to identify the form of local wisdom that existed in Kampung Kuta and identify local wisdom implementation in taking care of water resources sustainability. The method of this research is qualitative approach with descriptive research type. Researcher uses methodologies triangulation that is deep interview, limited of perception shares, and observation. This research is conduct in the countryside of Karangpaningal, District of Tambaksari, Sub-Province of Ciamis, Province of West Java. The result of this research shows existence of Pamali as the form of local wisdom that defended society in by generations. The form of pamali that become obligatory tradition norm of society that is continuity of tradition house, enjoinment of dead body obsequies, enjoinment of well making, and continuity Hutan Keramat. Pamali has given positive impact of water resources sustainability in Kampung Kuta.  This  condition are  proved with  the  of  appreciation Kalpataru in  the  case  of environment sustainability in 2002.
Kepemimpinan dan Tingkah Laku Kewiraswastaan dalam Industri Skala Kecil dan Menengah (Kasus Industri Sepatu Skala Kecil dan Menengah di Desa Ciomas dan Desa Pagelaran, Kecamatan Ciomas, Kabupaten Bogor, Propinsi Jawa Barat) Dian Andriany, Isnanik; Rusli, Said
SODALITY: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol 2, No 2 (2008)
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Abstract

Tulisan ini merupakan hasil penelitian yang bertujuan untuk menelaah kepemimpinan dan tingkah laku kewiraswastaan pengusaha pada industri kecil dan menengah, menganalisis hubungan kepemimpinan terhadap kinerja pekerja serta menganalisis hubungan kinerja pekerja dan tingkah laku kewiraswastaan pengusaha terhadap perkembangan usaha dan produktivitas. Adapun pendekatan yang digunakan yaitu pendekatan kuantitatif (metode survei) dan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan antara industri kecil dan industri menengah. Perbedaan yang muncul seperti dalam penanganan terhadap pekerja, gaya kepemimpinan yang diterapkan dan tingkat tingkah laku kewiraswastaan. Tingkat tingkah laku kewiraswastaan pengusaha industri menengah tergolong lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pengusaha industri kecil baik pada tingkat pemikiran maupun pada tingkat tindakan. Pengusaha industri menengah lebih mampu mewujudkan tingkah laku kewiraswastaan pada tingkat pemikiran menjadi tindakan nyata dalam pengembangan usaha. Pada kedua industri terdapat hubungan yang nyata antara kinerja pekerja dan kepemimpinan. Selain itu, terdapat pula hubungan antara kinerja pekerja dan tingkah laku kewiraswastaan terhadap pengembangan usaha industri yang bersangkutan. Dengan tingkat kinerja pekerja dan tingkah laku kewiraswastaan pengusaha yang lebih tinggi (pada tingkat pemikiran dan tingkat tindakan), usaha industri menengah mengalami perkembangan usaha yang lebih cepat dan mempunyai produktivitas yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan usaha industri kecil.
Dinamika Sistem Penghidupan Masyarakat Tani Tradisional dan Modern di Jawa Barat Ita Mardiyaningsih, Dyah; Hadi Dharmawan, Arya
SODALITY: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol 4, No 1 (2010)
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Abstract

The Green Revolution is known as one of modernization approaches in Indonesia. Based on many research in Java, Green Revolution has made changes in rural, sociologically, economically and ecologically. Even though, there are still also some villages which are not experiencing this change. Some communities are still hold the indigenous social institutional system as the directional guidance of their community livelihood system. The research is applying qualitative approach with the use of case study and socio-historical strategy to learn how much the indigenous rural social institutional system is able to guarantee the community livelihood system? To learn this subject, the research has conducted in Kasepuhan Sinar Resmi (Sukabumi) and Dusun Sumurjaya (Subang). The research it self is applying perspective of Mazhab Bogor which sees the rural community livelihood system character in four aspects: livelihood source, livelihood strategy, economic institution and social security guarantee system in rural community. Based on these four aspects, the village with strong indigenous social institution is posses the livelihood system dominantly in agriculture and natural resource extraction, chosen livelihood strategy is more into multiple livelihoods in the form of multiple actors/straddling strategy, economic institution system is based on the collectivity to fulfill their food subsistence requirements. Their social security guarantee system is depends on social bonds like the patron-client pattern and communal activities. In the community with strong indigenous social institution, pace of social changes is relatively slow while in the community with the faded indigenous social institution and more “modernized”, the livelihood source of people is more dissimilar, both in agricultural and non agricultural based. It makes their livelihood strategy is also more divergent (agricultural intensification and extensification, multiple livelihood and migration). Economic institution system in this community is based on individual production activity which is market oriented (commercial). The form of community social security guarantee which developed besides patron-client bond between farmer and peasant which is getting more disappear, also depends on external institution (government program of poverty alleviation). The condition shows that pace of social changes is relatively faster in the modernized community
REPRESENTASI SOSIAL TENTANG KOTA PADA KOMUNITAS MISKIN DI PERKOTAAN Yunelda Meyrizki, Selly; K. Pandjaitan, Nurmala
SODALITY: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol 5, No 2 (2011)
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Abstract

Indonesia is a developing country which has focused on development. The development and acceleration of economic growth that occurred in Indonesia has not been evenly distributed in every province. This gives rise to a phenomenon of population movement (migration) occurring in rural communities who migrate to urban areas which eventually give rise to a phenomenon of urban poverty. The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of poor communities urban areas and to identify social representations about the city in poor communities in urban areas. The characteristics of poor communities are generally aged between under 25 to more than 54 years old, the majority of respondents are women, and generally work in the informal sector. The level of education of respondents are elementary school level (SD) or equivalent to high school level (high school) or equivalent. The income that can be obtained by poor communities were Rp. 100.000.00 up to Rp.1.500.000.00 per month. Overall poor communities did rural-urban migration between 1970 until 2010. The reason was to find a job, looking for experience, come to join her parents and husband, and generally they spent a time in a location was between 1 to 30 years. The frequency of returning home is zero to more than 4 times in the past year. Most of them do not choose the location as the first residence in the city. There are 4 kinds of type of social representations about the city and the poor. The dominant type of social representations about city is type a place to earn money. Beside that, the dominant type of social representations about the poor is underprivileged person.
Dinamika Sosio-Ekologi Pedesaan: Perspektif dan Pertautan Keilmuan Ekologi Manusia, Sosiologi Lingkungan dan Ekologi Politik Dharmawan, Arya Hadi
SODALITY: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol 1, No 1 (2007)
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Abstract

Perkembangan bidang keilmuan ekologi-manusia, sosiologi lingkungan, dan ekologi-politik dipandang sangat impresif, selama dua dekade terakhir. Sekalipun berjalan tidak linier, transformasi ekologi-manusia menjadi sosiologi-ekologi-manusia (sosiologi lingkungan) telah mendorong munculnya ekologi-politik sebagai bidang keilmuan baru untuk melengkapi dua bidang sebelumnya.  Sekalipun memiliki akar epistemologis yang sama, namun ketiga bidang studi tetap bekerja pada “wilayah keilmuanâ€Â yang otonom. Sebagai bidang kajian paling mutakhir, ekologi politik dapat dikatakan sebagai bidang keilmuan yang mengambil manfaat paling besar atas dua bidang keilmuan sebelumnya yaitu sosiologi-ekologi-manusia dan antropologi budaya (cikal-bakal human ecology).  Dari perspektif lain, bidang kajian ekologi politik berkembang sebagai konsekuensi kompleksitas persoalan yang dihadapi oleh sistem ekologi planet bumi, dimana relasi manusia dan alam berlangsung relatif rumit dan saling menegasikan satu sama lain. Manakala aspek kekuasaan (power), konflik kepentingan, dan kekuatan-kekuatan ekonomi-politik harus diperhitungkan, maka ekologi-politik lebih mampu membedah persoalan yang tidak dapat dianalisis oleh ekologi manusia. “Dinamika konflik sumberdaya alam dan lingkunganâ€Â serta “olah kekuasaan pemangku kepentinganâ€Â menjadi fokus kajian ekologi politik saat ini. Dengan makin rumitnya dimensi persoalan ekologi dan lingkungan di abad 21, maka kerjasama para ahli dari ketiga cabang ilmu di atas makin diperlukan.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Miskin Berbasis Kearifan Lokal ., Saharuddin
SODALITY: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol 3, No 1 (2009)
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Abstract

Kearifan lokal yang berkembang di masyarakat, pada dasarnya merupakan strategi adaptasi yang memang muncul dari dalam masyarakat itu sendiri dalam membenahi masalah-masalah sosial yang berkenaan dengan kehidupan masyarakat itu sendiri. Kearifan lokal merupakan hasil interaksi antara masyarakat dengan lingkungannya, sehingga dengan kearifan lokal, sangat diperlukan untuk membantu masyarakat itu secara mandiri. Kearifan lokal menjadi inti dari usaha mengentaskan kemiskinan yang ada dan tumbuh di masyarakat sebagai sasaran dari proses penerapan program pengentasan kemiskinan. Pengembangan kesejahteraan sosial atau juga pembangunan komuniti (community development) termasuk didalamnya program pengentasan kemiskinan dapat dilaksanakan dengan penerapan yang sesuai melalui kacamata komuniti setempat sebagai obyek sasaran.
IMPLEMENTASI MANAJEMEN KOLABORATIF DALAM PENGELOLAAN EKOWISATA BERBASIS w, Wulandari; Sumarti, Titik
SODALITY: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol 5, No 1 (2011)
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Abstract

This study aimed to learn about the implementation of collaborative management in the implementation of community-based ecotourism in the village of Citalahab- Cikaniki,   Halimun   Salak   Mountain   National   Park.   By   using   the   principles   of collaboration it will be seen how far the process of collaboration that have been implemented. They will also be reviewed regarding the benefits of implementing these community-based ecotourism. This study uses a qualitative approach, specially uses primary and secondary data. The primary data obtained from interviews and field observation, while the secondary data obtained from various sources such as reference books, and reports of research (thesis or a thesis) about community-based ecotourism management   and   collaboration.   The   study   shows   that   the   implementation   of collaboration in community-based ecotourism program in Kampong Citalahab has run on the third phase of implementing the agreement. However, collaboration was limited to the implementation of activities only and not been held to review the deal. If the analysis by using the seven principles of collaboration put forward by Borrini-Feyerabend, et al (2000), the execution of this collaboration can be said to have fulfilled the principle of first to fifth. Benefits of collaborative management of community-based ecotourism in the Kampong Citalahab include economic benefits, social and ecological benefits
SISTEM NAFKAH RUMAH TANGGA PETANI KENTANG DI DATARAN TINGGI DIENG Sodality, Turasih .; Adiwibowo, Soeryo
SODALITY: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol 6, No 2 (2012)
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Abstract

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menentukan strategi mata pencaharian rumah tangga petani kentang di Desa Karangtengah, Dataran Tinggi Dieng yang berhubungan dengan sejarah pertanian kentang di desa tersebut. Selain itu, untuk mengetahui seberapa jauh pertanian kentang dapat membangun sistem mata pencaharian yang berkelanjutan bagi rumah tangga petani. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif yang didukung oleh data kualitatif. Data kuantitatif diperoleh melalui penyebaran kuesioner pada 31 rumah tangga petani yang menjadi responden dalam penelitian ini, sedangkan pendekatan kualitatif dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan pencarian literatur pada data yang terkait. Pada dasarnya, pertanian telah menjadi sumber pendapatan utama bagi rumah tangga petani kentang di Desa Karangtengah. Hal ini disebabkan pertanian yang telah diwariskan ke dalam identitas mereka dari generasi ke generasi. Namun, keterbatasan sumber daya, terutama lahan sebagai tempat produksi menyebabkan sembilan responden dalam penelitian ini menerapkan mata pencaharian ganda yaitu strategi pertanian dan non-pertanian. Dalam perkembangannya sumber daya pertanian kentang semakin berkurang. Meskipun masih menjadi sektor utama, ancaman terjadi secara bertahap misalnya degradasi lingkungan yang disebabkan oleh aktivitas pertanian yang mengutamakan pada produksi yang tinggi karena penggunaan zat kimia berlebihan.Kata Kunci: sistem mata pencaharian, rumah tangga petani kentang, pertanian berkelanjutan, Dataran Tinggi Dieng.
Kemiskinan Petani dan Strategi Nafkah Ganda Rumahtangga Pedesaan Sumarti, Titik
SODALITY: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol 1, No 2 (2007)
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Abstract

Tinjauan atas fenomena kemiskinan di sektor perkebunan memasuki dimensi baru, sejak adanya krisis ekonomi yang ikut sedikit banyak mempengaruhi sektor ini. Wilayah kajian baru tersebut adalah pola penyesuaian nafkah petani perkebunan skala kecil (plasma) dalam menyiasati krisis ekonomi. Dengan mengkaji dua kasus di Provinsi Riau, diperoleh gambaran strategi adaptasi nafkah yang menarik. Sudi ini menyimpulkan bahwa strategi nafkah ganda menjadi perilaku atau tindakan ekonomi yang menonjol digunakan oleh petani perkebunan miskin di kedua daerah penelitian. Strategi adaptasi nafkah yang diimplementasikan biasanya tetap disesuaikan pada konteks sosio-budaya lokal.
Independensi Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat (LSM) di Tengah Kepentingan Donor Assadi, Husain; Hadi Dharmawan, Arya; Adiwibowo, Soeryo
SODALITY: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol 3, No 2 (2009)
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Abstract

The top-down development approach has failed to bring Indonesia in meeting prosperity. Alternatively, a critical approach as offered by Non Governmental Organization (NGO) becomes much more attractive to be adopted. However such approach encounters problematics since each NGO carries its own interest, ideology, and its dependency on donor agencies, normally diametrically collide with another NGO’s ideology, its interest as well as donor-supported interest. This study is to answer the question how deep have donors infleunced to the ideology, interest, and financial independency of local NGOs. The study use qualitative method as approach. The financial arrangement network, action, interest, motives and NGOs’ ideologies are the main focus of this study. Two NGOs are observed, namely Lembaga Kajian untuk Transformasi Sosial (LKTS) and Lembaga Pertanian Sehat (LPS). This study revealed that LKTS and LPS were quite dependent in the financial aspect. LKTS was also dependent in formulating action, while LPS was independent. Some factors affecting the independence of NGOs are: (1) degree of militancy of NGOs’ ideology, (2) financial strength, (3) NGOs’ level of achievements. In the development perspective, NGOs are not necessarily reflecting type of social movement organization which are always strongly based on bottom-up ideology. 

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