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Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan
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Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan adalah media online dari makalah yang telah diseminarkan pada acara Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia “Kejuangan” (SNTKK). SNTKK merupakan agenda tahunan yang diselenggarakan oleh Program Studi Teknik Kimia FTI UPN ”Veteran” Yogyakarta. Seminar ini merupakan sarana komunikasi bagi para peneliti dari perguruan tinggi, institusi pendidikan, serta lembaga penelitian maupun industri, dalam mengembangkan teknologi kimia untuk pengolahan sumber daya alam Indonesia.
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Articles 521 Documents
Pembuatan Edible Film dari Tepung Jagung (Zea Mays L.)dan Kitosan Sri Wahyu Murni
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

Food packaging is important that affect it’s quality, one of the safe packaging method is to use edible film. Edible film is a thin layer that can be consumed, formed to coat the food that serves to maintain the food quality, as mass transfer barrier (eg, moisture, oxygen, light, lipids, and solute). Edible film also can be used a carrier substance additives to improve the food quality. This research aims to determine the appropriate formulation of material to produce edible film with optimal characteristics. In this casethe main materials used are corn starch and chitosan with the addition sorbitol and glycerol as plasticizer. Edible films made from cornstarch dissolved in distilled water and then heated till 85oC and chitosan dissolved with a solution of 1% acetic acid. Both mixtures were mixed and then plasticizer sorbitol and glycerol were added. After it is molded, and dried at 60°C in 7 hours; it is released from the mold, edible film is ready to use. The results shows that the optimum formulation of edible corn starch and chitosan films are edible film that formed from 7 grams cornstarch, 3 grams of chitosan, 1 ml of sorbitol and 1ml of glycerol, with physical characteristic is 21 , 45 % film solubility; 15,5597 MPa film tensile strength, and water vapor permeability is about 3,089 × 10^-8 g/m.s.kPa
Pengaruh Pressure Drop terhadap Efektivitas Heat Exchanger Dengan Menggunakan Simulator Aspen Hysys V. 7.3 Widya Rahma Iswara
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

Heat Exchanger is a device that used to exchange the heat between the fluids that had higher temperature to the fluid with lower temperatures. One type of heat exchanger that often used is the heat exchanger Shell and Tube. In the simulation analyzed the influence of heat duty and enthalpy to temperature, fluid temperature variation being used for the shell side range 87-92oC, for the tube side 25-50oC, and analyzed the effect of pressure drop on the fouling factor with simulator Aspen Hysys v.7.3. According to the results, it is found that the pressure drop on the shell side has passed the permissible value from base design, it means that the shell side already requires to cleaned, while the tube side pressure drop values exist under the conditions allowed by the base design, it means that the tube side is in good condition, and for the effect of heat flow to the temperature is when the value of the difference temperature higher , the heat flow generated value will be higher, and the value of the enthalpy is also proportional to the temperature value.
Sintesa Karbon Aktif dari Kulit Salak dengan Aktivasi Kimia-Senyawa ZnCl2 dan Aplikasinya pada Adsorpsi Zat Warna Metilen Biru Raymond Tanumiharja
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

Microporous mesoporous activated carbon derived from salacca peel with surface area as high as 1435,76 m2/g has been successfully synthesized with Zinc Chloride (ZnCl2) as an activating agent. Salacca peel was firstly impregnated with fixed zinc chloride to salacca peel mass ratio of 2:1 and with fixed zinc chloride concentration of 20%-w. The impregnated salacca peel was pyrolized at 700°C in nitrogen atmosphere. The adsorption capability of the activated carbon was investigated by using methylene blue (MB) as dye. The adsorption study was realized in batch reactor with various MB initial concentrations of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 ppm. Langmuir, Tempkin, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models were used for mathematical description of the adsorption equilibrium. It was found that the equilibrium concentrations of the adsorption fitted very well with monolayer Langmuir isotherm model, with maximum adsorption capacity of 387,38 mg. g-1. The kinetic study was performed based on pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intraparticle diffusion equations. The data indicated that the adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-secondorder mechanism closely than the pseudo-first-order and the intraparticle diffusion mechanism. The present study concludes that activated carbon derived from salacca peel could be employed as a potential adsorbent for the removal of color and dyes from aqueous solution, MB in particular.
Kombinasi Proses Cold Gelation dan Foam Mat Drying Pada Karakteristik Produk Karagenan Aji Prasetyoningrum
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

Carrageenan is widely used for industrial food as thickening, gelling and stabilizing agents. Gel formation and drying process give effect the quality of carrageenan product. Normally, gel formation of carrageenan by heating and resulting decreasing quality of carrageenan. Ultrasound-assisted cold gelation of kappa carrageenan is new technology for industrial food, and it has several advantages: improvement of rheological properties and product quality, reduce the heat requirement, enhance gel quality, energy efficient, minimizing the using of additional material. Drying is the last step to find carrageenan product. Currently, the carrageenan drying still deals with too long drying time. This because, during the process carrageenan and water forms gel stucture in which hampers the water diffusion to the surface. Foaming agent introduction such as egg white can be considered to break the gel structure and make the drying process being smooth and fast. In general, this study aims to improve the characteristics of carrageenan products through ultrasound-assisted cold gelation and foam mat drying process. The results showed that the gelation treatment (cold gelation) can increase the ultrasonic assisted carrageenan gel strength is 1339,86 g / cm2. This result is higher than the gelation process with heating for 120 minutes (550.40 g / cm2). For 16 minute cold gelation with ultrasonication process give mechanical properties of gel strength (1339,86 g / cm2), hardness (41.75 gf), cohesiveness (0.35), springiness (1.75 mm) and adhesion (0.025 mj). The combination of foam mat drying method can foam created the porous structure in which increased the surface area for drying. As a result, drying time can be shortened. Results showed that the drying time was shortened with the presence of egg white as well as the increase of air temperature. The drying time at air temperature 80 C with 20% egg white was about 20-25 minutes shorter than that of without foam. The data on these results indicate that treatment of ultrasonic waves on carrageenan gel formation and foam mat drying is a potential option that is used to produce carrageenan with high gel strength economically and safely used in food product applications.
Optimization of Glycerolysis Temperature Process for the Synthesis of Monoglyceride-Diglyceride Surfactants Derived from oil of Silkworm Pupae Ery Fatarina Purwaningtyas
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

The value-added of silkworm pupae could still be increased through conversion of the pupae into surfactants. Such animal-based surfactants are believed to have similar characteristics as those of plant-based surfactants, i.e. biodegradable and environmentally friendly. One of the animal-based surfactants that can be synthesized from oil of silkworm pupae is monoglyceride, through a glycerolysis using MgO as catalyst. The current research examined the possibility of synthesizing monoglyceride (MG )and diglycerides (DG) using silkworm pupae as raw materials through glcerolysis. The experiments were done using MgO as catalyst and n-butanol as the solvent, with varying temperatures.It was found that the most dominant variable was temperature, with the highest conversion of 0.7094. The column chromatograph demonstrated the highest yield of MG-DG as 7.96 g for the following: glycerol – oil ratio = 3; reaction time = 4 h; temp = 90oC, agitation rate = 400 rpm, and catalyst conc.= 2%. Fourieer Transformer Infra Red analysis showed the peak of 1041.56 cm-1 which corresponds to the functional group of C-OH and peak of 3659.61 cm-1 the functional group OH. The emulsion stability test proved that MG as surfactant had an emulsifying effect on a benzene-water system.
Kinetic Model of Urea Desorption from a Starch-Based Controlled Release Fertilizer Herry Santoso
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

The use of fertilizer has increased as the agriculture become more intensified. This increment caused a lot of environmental issue, such as water and soil pollution. It is well-known that conventional fertilizer does not have a good efficiency in practice due to fertilizer leaching or washing off problem. This problem can now be significantly minimized by using a controlled release system. There are a lot of models that have been used to study controlled release drugs, but only a few are used to describe controlled release fertilizers. In this study, we propose a simple model to represent urea desorption from a starch-based controlled release fertilizer and then use the model to predict the urea desorption characteristics of the fertilizer. The controlled release fertilizer was made from starch-based hydrogel loaded with urea. The urea desorption from the starch-based controlled release fertilizer in the water is then tested. The kinetic data collected from the urea desorption experiment is used to derive, verify, and validate the kinetic model of urea desorption from the starch-based controlled release fertilizer.
Biopulping Rami Menggunakan Jamur Pelapuk Putih Hendro Risdianto
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

Ramie is a fast growing species and contains long fiber that suitable for pulpmaking. The objective of this study was to investigate the white rot fungi that can be used as a biological agent on biopulping process. A four species white rot fungi namely Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Marasmius sp., Trametes hirsuta and Trametes versicolor have been used for the pretreatment on biopulping. Each fungus was grown on ramie fiber at room temperature (±28°C) for 7 days. Lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose were observed to study the efficacy of each fungus. The result showed that Marasmius sp. could remove lignin at highest level (40.7%) than others and produced laccase at highest activity of 163,82 U/L. Cellulose and hemicellulose were insignificantly removed by fungi. At the pulping process, Kappa number of treated ramie by Marasmius sp. was lower than untreated.
Ekstraksi Daun Mimba (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) dengan Pelarut Etanol Nur Muhammad Muaddib Ahlullah
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

Mimba or Azadirachta Indica A juss, is a kind of plant that can be utilized as material of nature pesticide and medicine. Parts of the mimba plant that often be utilized are its seed and leaf. This research aims to find out the influence of extraction temperature and ratio of solvent to feed to the yield. The obtained concentration of the mimba leaf extract can be used to determine the mass transfer coefficient. The extraction process was performed using three neck flask with a mixer and ethanol 96% as a solvent. At the beginning, the mimba leafs with -30+80 mesh was feed into the flask that containing amount of solvent and an overhead stirrer with 350 rpm. Ratio of solvent to feed was varied as well as temperature. To study the influence of temperature, time for extraction process was limited of one hour. However, to observe the influence of ratio of solvent to feed, the process was running untill the mimba leaf extract was constant. Within the process, periodically the extract was drawn out. Finally, The extract was observed using a spectrometer. Based on the results, the extraction of mimba leaf at 70oC on the ratio of solvent to mimba leaf of 35 ml : 1gram will result mimba leaf extracted of 7,41% and mass transfer coefficient of 4,27.10-5 (g extract /minute.mm2)
Ekstraksi Kulit Buah Naga sebagai Pewarna Alami Anna Susanti
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

Synthetic dyes are increasingly widespread usage and soharmful to human health so that it needs to be increased by using of natural dyes which is safe. Natural dyes can be obtained from plant pigments which contained from both of leaves and rind. Dragon fruit skin is one of the natural pigment source. Its skin totaling 30-35% of the fruit is often simply thrown away as trash. Dragon fruit skin produces natural red color produced by pigment called anthocyanin which can be used as a substitute from synthetic dyes to natural dyes. This research aims to find the optimum conditions for extraction of dragon fruit skin. Extraction was carried out by using 80% ethanol solvent by using a variable ratio of the amount of material and solvent (1: 9 1:10 1:11 1:12 1:13), temperature (50◦C, 60◦C, 70◦C, 80◦ C) and time (1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours). After that, do the analysis phase of the anthocyanin content. The results showed that the optimum conditions for extraction of the dye from the dragon fruit skin with 80% ethanol at a ratio F: S 1:11, extraction temperature 50 ◦C and for 3 hours resulted in anthocyanin concentration of 7.180 mg / L.
Pra Kondisi untuk Pengelolaan Limbah Reflektor dari Reaktor Triga Mark II Mulyono Daryoko
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

Pra Kondision Reflector For Managing Waste Of Reactor Triga Mark II. In 1996 there has been a refurbishment of the reactor Triga Mark II. The consequences of these events occur is the case of radioactive waste with a very significant amount. Waste is managed by the Radioactive Waste Technology Center. In this paper is presented the preparation of the waste management from the safety analysis before being taken to the placement on Radioactive Waste Technology Center. Radionuclide content contained in the reflector is H - 3, C - 14, Fe - 55, Co - 60, Eu - 152 and Eu - 154, with activities 1,0x104 Bq/ g, while the radiation is 66 rad/h. The conclusion of this study is the container used is a container cube shape with a length of 1097,3 mm, 624,2 mm width and height of 760,8 mm. The cube is coated with a steel plate of 12 mm and 8 mm . By conditioning, then to 200 mR / h. This means that the waste is safe both for workers and the environment.

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