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Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences
Published by Institut Teknologi Bandung
ISSN : 23375760     EISSN : 23385510     DOI : https://doi.org/10.5614/j.math.fund.sci.
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Astronomy Chemistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Mathematics Physics
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences welcomes full research articles in the area of Mathematics and Natural Sciences from the following subject areas: Astronomy, Chemistry, Earth Sciences (Geodesy, Geology, Geophysics, Oceanography, Meteorology), Life Sciences (Agriculture, Biochemistry, Biology, Health, Medical, Pharmacy), Mathematics, Physics, and Statistics.
Arjuna Subject : Matematika - Matematika (Lain-Lain)
Articles 668 Documents
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Coefficient Estimates for Bi-univalent Functions Defined by (P, Q) Analogue of the Salagean Differential Operator Related to the Chebyshev Polynomials Trailokya Panigrahi; Susanta Kumar Mohapatra
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 53 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.math.fund.sci.2021.53.1.4

Abstract

In the present investigation we use the Jackson (p,q)-differential operator to introduce the extended Salagean operator denoted by Rkp,q. Certain bi-univalent function classes based on operator Rkp,q related to the Chebyshev polynomials are introduced. First, two coefficient bounds and Fekete-Szego inequalities for the function classes are established. A number of corollaries are developed by varying parameters involved.
Some Remarks on Results Related to ∇-Convex Function Asif Raza Khan; Faraz Mehmood; Faisal Nawaz; Aamna Nazir
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 53 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.math.fund.sci.2021.53.1.5

Abstract

In the present article, we give new techniques for proving general identities of the Popoviciu type for discrete cases of sums for two dimensions using higher-order ∇-divided difference. Also, integral cases are deduced by different methods for differentiable functions of higher-order for two variables. These identities are a generalization of various previously established results. An application for the mean value theorem is also presented.
Antifungal Activity of Endophytic Bacteria Associated with Sweet Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) Siti Meliah; Tri Ratna Sulistiyani; Puspita Lisdiyanti; Atit Kanti; I Made Sudiana; Masaru Kobayashi
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 53 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.math.fund.sci.2021.53.1.2

Abstract

The contribution of endophytic bacteria to the wellbeing of plants as biocontrol agents may be due to endophytic bacteria growing in the same niche as phytopathogens. This work was conducted to study the antagonistic activity of endophytic bacteria recovered from sweet sorghum against Sclerotium rolfsii, Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in vitro and evaluate the mechanisms of these fungal inhibitions. We selected 78 endophytic bacteria from the stem and root of sweet sorghum plants. They were tested for antagonist activity by direct confrontation method. Antifungal compound production and lytic enzyme activity were examined to determine their mechanisms in inhibiting fungal pathogens. Antifungal compound production was checked by detecting the presence of NRPS and PKS genes. Lytic enzyme activity of the bacteria was evaluated by their ability to produce cellulase, chitinase, and protease. Selected bacteria were identified using molecular analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene. 14 out of the 78 tested isolates showed antagonistic activity and two were able to inhibit all four tested fungal strains. Four bacteria, designated as ACIL1, ACNM4, ACNM6, and ATNM4, produced natural products via NRPS pathway, but only one bacterial extract, designated as ACNM4, showed fungal inhibition. Ten isolates were able to produce hydrolytic enzymes. Endophytic bacteria identified as Burkholderia were revealed to have potential as a biocontrol agent.
A New Family of Exponential Type Estimators in the Presence of Non-Response Ceren Unal; Cem Kadilar
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 53 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.math.fund.sci.2021.53.1.1

Abstract

We propose families of estimators for the population mean using an exponential function in case of non-response. This situation is examined under two cases, Case I and II. The bias, MSE and minimum MSE are separately obtained for both cases. We compare the proposed estimators theoretically with the main estimators from the literature, such as Hansen and Hurwitz (1946), ratio, regression and exponential estimators. The conditions for which the proposed estimators are most efficient are obtained. Moreover, different empirical studies are conducted to support the theoretical results for both cases.
Analysis of SIS-SI Stochastic Model with CTMC on the Spread of Malaria Disease Niswah Yanfa Nabilah Syams; Hadi Sumarno; Paian Sianturi
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 53 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.math.fund.sci.2021.53.2.1

Abstract

Various mathematical models have been developed to describe the transmission of malaria disease. The purpose of this study was to modify an existing mathematical model of malaria disease by using a CTMC stochastic model. The investigation focused on the transition probability, the basic reproduction number (R0), the outbreak probability, the expected time required to reach a disease-free equilibrium, and the quasi-stationary probability distribution. The population system will experience disease outbreak if R0>1, whereas an outbreak will not occur in the population system if R0≤1. The probability that a mosquito bites an infectious human is denoted as k, while θ is associated with human immunity. Based on the numerical analysis conducted, k and θ have high a contribution to the distribution of malaria disease. This conclusion is based on their impact on the outbreak probability and the expected time required to reach a disease-free equilibrium.
Graphs of Neighborhood Metric Dimension Two Badekara Sooryanarayana; Suma Agani Shanmukha
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 53 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.math.fund.sci.2021.53.1.9

Abstract

A subset  of vertices of a simple connected graph is a neighborhood set (n-set) of  G if G is the union of subgraphs of G induced by the closed neighbors of elements in S. Further, a set S is a resolving set of G if for each pair of distinct vertices x,y of G, there is a vertex s∈ S such that d(s,x)≠d(s,y). An n-set that serves as a resolving set for G is called an nr-set of G. The nr-set with least cardinality is called an nr-metric basis of G and its cardinality is called the neighborhood metric dimension of graph G. In this paper, we characterize graphs of neighborhood metric dimension two.
A Study on Characteristics and Comparison of Evaporation Estimation Methods in Bandung Rusmawan Suwarman; Novitasari Novitasari; I Dewa Gede Agung Junnaedhi
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 53 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.math.fund.sci.2021.53.2.2

Abstract

This study aims to understand the characteristic of evaporation and to evaluate the evaporation estimation methods to be employed in Bandung by using observation data at three different land cover characteristics sites, namely, densely vegetated area (Baleendah), densely built-up area (Ujung Berung), and mix of buildings and vegetation area (ITB). Observation data used are hourly evaporation, vapour pressure deficit, temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and radiation. The analysis was done mostly by using statistical methods such as regression analysis and error comparison. The result shows the dominant weather factor affecting the evaporation in ITB and Ujung Berung is vapour pressure deficit, and in Baleendah is solar radiation. The methods of evaporation estimations used in this study are Trabert, Schendel, Turc, and CIMIS-Penman methods. The result shows that the original constant values of those methods are significantly correlated. However, the Schendel is found the most overestimated, and the second is Turc. The best estimated evaporation in Baleendah, ITB, and Ujung Berung is calculated using CIMIS-Penman with one hour lag of radiation, Trabert, and Calibrated Schendel, respectively. The improvement of constant value was applied to Schendel and the result is better than the original constants.
Microwave-Assisted Claisen-Schmidt Condensation Reaction of Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate to Synthesize p-Methoxystyryl Ketone Derivatives and Evaluate Anti-inflammatory Activity of Synthetic Products Ismiarni Komala; Supandi Supandi; Nurmeilis Nurmeilis; Yardi Yardi; Ofa Suzanti Betha; Nurkhyati Putri Indriyani; Moethia Moethia; Muhamad Beny Setiawan; Ghilman Dharmawan; Putri Hayati Nufus; Noni Tri Utami
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 53 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.math.fund.sci.2021.53.1.6

Abstract

The rhizome of Kaempferia galanga has been known to contain ethyl p-methoxycinnamate (EPMC) (1) as a main component, which has anti-inflammatory properties. Previously we have reported the structural modification of EPMC (1) to form another ester, nitrostyrene, and cinnammamide derivatives and then studied their structure-activity relationships as anti-inflammatory agent. In continuing our research, in this paper, we report the microwave-assisted Claisen-Schmidt condensation of EPMC (1) to synthesize a series of p-methoxystyryl ketones followed by a study of their anti-inflammatory activity. The reaction begins with microwave-assisted cleavage oxidation of hydrolyzed product of EPMC, p-methoxycinnamic acid (2) with Ca(NO3)2 for the synthesis of p-methoxybenzaldehyde (3). Furthermore, 3 was reacted with acetophenone, ethyl methyl ketone and acetone via microwave-assisted Claisen-Schmidt condensation for the synthesis of (E)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one (5a) (E)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)pent-1-en-3-one (5b) and (E)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)but-3-en-2-one (5c), respectively. The reaction products were characterized using spectroscopic techniques and were then tested for anti-inflammatory activity using in vitro anti-denaturation of protein assay. It was found that converting EPMC (1) to 5a and 5b reduced anti-inflammatory activity, while 5c retained anti-denaturation activity with an IC50 of 72.8 µg/ml.
Indonesian Micromelum minutum Leave Extracts and Their Cytotoxic Activities toward Breast Cancer Cell Lines Ratna Asmah Susidarti; Edy Meiyanto; Muthi' Ikawati; Normaidah; Nurramadhani Armada Sida
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 53 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.math.fund.sci.2021.53.1.8

Abstract

Isolation and identification of compounds and pharmacological activity of the Micromelum minutum grown in some countries has been done, but the Indonesian M. minutum has not been studied, either phytochemically or pharmacologically. This study aimed to determine the cytotoxic activity of Indonesian M. minutum leave extracts toward MCF-7 and 4T1 breast cancer cell lines. The leaves were obtained from M. minutum grow in Bantimurung National Park, Bulusaraung, South Sulawesi, and then were macerated gradually in hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The cytotoxic activity of obtained extracts was determined by MTT assay. The extraction yielded hexane (HEM), ethyl acetate (EEM), and methanol (MEM) extracts of 2.65, 6.12, and 6.49%, respectively. HEM was the most potent extract with IC50 values of 148 and 87 µg/mL on MCF-7 and 4T1 cells, respectively, followed by EEM (185 and 170 µg/mL). MEM possessed a weak potency with an IC50 value of 384 µg/mL on MCF-7 cells and was not toxic toward 4T1 cells. Therefore, HEM is important to be further investigated for its active constituents.
Chemical Constituents of Indonesian Micromelum minutum Leaves and Their Cytotoxicity Against MCF-7 and 4T1 Breast Cancer Cells Ratna Asmah Susidarti; Edy Meiyanto; Muthi' Ikawati; Normaidah; Nurramadhani Armada Sida
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 53 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.math.fund.sci.2021.53.1.7

Abstract

Micromelum minutum is used widely in traditional folk medicine. Although this species has been investigated extensively and several bioactive compounds have been isolated, little work has been done on Indonesian M. minutum. This research aimed to study the chemical constituents and biological activities of M. minutum cultivated in Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The isolated compounds were assessed for their cytotoxicity towards MCF-7 and 4T1 cell lines by MTT method. The dried ground leaves of M. minutum were sequentially macerated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts contained a flavonoid 5,7-dihydroxy-3,4',8-trimethoxyflavone (1) which inhibited MCF-7 and 4T1 cell viability by 50% at concentrations of 369±8 and 227±5 µM, respectively. Further separation of the ethyl acetate extract by column chromatography yielded acetyldihydromicromelin A (2) and a mixture of dihydromicromelin A (3) and dihydromicromelin B (4), which were not active toward MCF-7 and 4T1 cells.

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