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Folia Medica Indonesiana

FMI
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Published by Universitas Airlangga

ISSN : 23558393 EISSN : 2599056X DOI : -

Core Subject : Education,

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Folia Medica Indonesiana publishes articles in the field of medical science in particular and health sciences in general, as well as a variety of other fields related to those two disciplines. Most of the articles are research article, and others are articles on case reports and literature review. In their presentation in the journal, the articles have passed meticulous editing process by the editors and review process and by competent peer reviewers, with national and international reputation, making the articles presented in this journal qualified, updated, and informative.

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Articles 507 Documents

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The Use of STRONGkids, Total Lymphocyte Count, and Serum Albumin to Identify the Risk of Hospital Malnutrition in Children Hafiza Amadhin Rusti; Nur Aisiyah Widjaja; Roedi Irawan; Ariandi Setiawan
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 59 No. 1 (2023): March
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Highlights: Medium- and high-risk STRONGkids scores are related with low total lymphocyte count and serum albumin, which are related to hospital malnutrition, albeit indirectly. The use of STRONGkids with total lymphocyte count and serum albumin can detect the risk of hospital malnutrition in children. Abstract: Hospital malnutrition occurs in hospitalized patients who do not consume enough food while their nutritional requirements increase. It occurs particularly in children who have undergone gastrointestinal surgery. Despite the lack of a universal instrument for detecting hospital malnutrition, various parameters can be considered to assist in its identification. STRONGkids has demonstrated its efficiency in detecting malnutrition risk in children. Total lymphocyte count (TLC) and serum albumin are biochemical markers that are related to infection and protein leakage, which can worsen hospital malnutrition. The research objective was to analyze the correlation between STRONGkids and biochemical markers (TLC, serum albumin) to identify hospital malnutrition in children who underwent gastrointestinal surgery. This was a retrospective cross-sectional observational study utilizing medical records. The statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 21. This study included 37 subjects, with a 24.32% hospital malnutrition incidence rate. The subjects were divided into two groups: hospital malnutrition (n=9) and non-hospital malnutrition (n=28). The STRONGkids of both groups at admission demonstrated a significant difference, while the albumin and TLC did not. The significantly different STRONGkids scores of both groups at admission correlated negatively with the length of hospital stay (LOS), body weight reduction, TLC, and albumin. Those parameters also did not correlate with hospital malnutrition. However, hospital malnutrition increased the risk of low albumin and TLC at discharge by 2.951 and 5.549 times, respectively. In conlusion, TLC and serum albumin cannot be used as independent markers for hospital malnutrition, but STRONGkids can be used in conjunction with TLC and serum albumin to identify hospital malnutrition risk.

Expressions of β-Tryptase and Chymase in Lung Mast Cells due to Anaphylactic Shock through Histopathological Appearance at Different Post-Mortem Intervals Biqisthi Ari Putra; Imam Susilo; Ahmad Yudianto
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 59 No. 1 (2023): March
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Highlights: The post-mortem interval is related to tryptase and chymase expressions in anaphylactic shock incidence Forensic experts can utilize tryptase and chymase as markers of anaphylactic (non-anaphylactoid) shock that occurs in the lungs. Abstract: Anaphylactic shock is a hypersensitivity response, a commonly type I hypersensitivity involving immunoglobulin E (IgE). It is caused by an antigen-antibody reaction that occurs immediately after a sensitive antigen enters the circulation. Anaphylactic shock is a clinical manifestation of anaphylaxis that is distributive shock, characterized by hypotension due to sudden blood vessel vasodilation and accompanied by a collapse in blood circulation that can result in death. β-tryptase and mast cell chymase expressions in the lungs of histopathological specimens that had experienced anaphylactic shock were examined at different post-mortem intervals in this study. A completely randomized design (CRD) method was employed by collecting lung samples every three hours within 24 hours of death, and then preparing histopathological and immunohistochemical preparations. The mast cell tryptase and chymase expressions were counted and summed up in each field of view, and the average was calculated to represent each field of view. The univariate analysis yielded p-values of 0.008 at the 15-hour post-mortem interval, and 0.002 at the 12-hour post-mortem interval. It was concluded that tryptase and chymase can be utilized as markers of anaphylactic (non-anaphylactoid) shock in the lungs.

Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in Older and Younger Patients at a Tertiary Hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia Muhammad Wahyu Ali; Yufi Aulia Azmi; Tarmono; Doddy M. Soebadi
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 59 No. 1 (2023): March
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Highlights: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in older patients is as effective and safe as in younger patients. It is a viable option for managing renal stones in older patients with indications, although blood transfusions are frequently required. Abstract: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) for renal and proximal ureteral stone treatment among the elder population is considered challenging due to the complication risk associated with comorbidity and lower functional reserve. Patients older and younger than 60 years old were compared for efficacy and safety in following PCNL procedures. Consecutive patients who underwent PCNL from 2019-2021 in a single center were divided into patients aged at least 60 years (group I) and patients aged under 60 years (group II). Single stage fluoroscopic-guided PCNL were used for the entire study population. Patients’ habitus, stone-related, and operative characteristics were compared. The two groups’ PCNL success and complication rates were evaluated. A total of 245 patients, comprising 65 in group I and 180 in group II, were included for analysis. Diabetes mellitus prevalence was higher in group I (30.8% vs 18.9%). However, the study population did not show a significant difference in regard to comorbidity. Operative time, success rate (80% vs 74.4%), and complication rate (16.9% vs 15.6%) did not statistically differ (p>0.05). Transfusion rate was higher among patients aged at least 60 years (p=0.018). Based on the multivariate analysis, stones located in the renal pelvis was the factor which contributed to the success rate. In conclusion, percutaneous nephrolithotomy is a safe and effective procedure for treating renal and proximal ureteral stones in the older population. Blood transfusions are more frequently given, in part, due to bleeding risk among older patients.

Anxiety Disorder among Older Adults with Visual Impairment in Ekiti, Nigeria: Implications for the Potential Opportunity to Mitigate the Impact of the Disability and Prevent Psychological Harm Felix Olukayode Aina; Iyiade Adeseye Ajayi; Joseph Olusola Omotoye; Tosin Anthony Agbesanwa; Mobolaji Usman Dada; Joseph Olusesan Fadare; Olumide Kayode Ajite; Priyadarshi Prajjwal
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 59 No. 1 (2023): March
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Highlights: Anxiety is an important morbidity among visually impaired older adults. There is potential for stakeholders to specifically channel their interventions towards particular IVI domains in order to reduce anxiety prevalence. Abstract: Visual impairment is a significant morbidity among adults globally. It has negative impacts on work force participation and productivity, as and well as higher depression and anxiety disorder rates. In the case of older adults, vision impairment can contribute to social isolation and a greater likelihood of early entry into nursing or care homes. This hospital-based, cross-sectional study was designed to determine anxiety disorder’s prevalence among the study population and which Impact of Visual Impairment (IVI) domain is most correlated with anxiety disorder. The study was carried out at the Ophthalmology Clinic of the Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado Ekiti, Nigera. Questionnaires were used to collect information from 115 respondents. Information sought included sociodemographic information, anxiety status, and visual impairment’s impact on daily functions. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to assess anxiety disorder, while the IVI scale was used to assess the impact of visual impairment. The IVI scale is an instrument used for determining the impact of visual impairment under three domains: (reading and accessing information, mobility and independence, and emotional well-being). Anxiety disorder was detected in 10.4% of all the respondents, and the IVI’s mobility and independence domain of IVI was most strongly correlated with anxiety disorder.

Front Matter Vol.59 No.1 [3/2023] Folia Medica Indonesiana
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 59 No. 1 (2023): March
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Clinical Profiles and Il-6 Level Analysis of Critical Covid-19 Patients Receiving Lopinavir-Ritonavir Erwin Astha Triyono; Nancy Margarita Rehatta; Nabilah; Feriawan Tan
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 59 No. 2 (2023): June
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Highlights:1. Lymphocyte, procalcitonin, D-dimer and high IL-6 levels in COVID-19 patients are associated with a poor prognosis.2. IL-6 serial measurement for COVID-19 patients may be a potential indicator for evaluating the severity and patient outcome. Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has affected over 760 million individuals worldwide, resulting in more than 6.8 million reported deaths. Early detection of patient deterioration can assist in predicting outcomes and prioritizing healthcare services based on evidence-based indicators. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a cytokine that plays a role in the inflammatory process, making it a potential parameter for assessing a patient's inflammatory state. This study aimed to analyze the characteristics, laboratory profiles, and IL-6 levels of COVID-19 patients. This study used a retrospective cohort study design with medical record data. The characteristics (n=68) and IL-6 levels (n=52) of the patients on the first, third, and sixth days of treatment were recorded consecutively. The mean age of the patients was 49 years, with the majority being male (72%) and the most prevalent comorbidity being hypertension (29%). The average duration of hospitalization was 10.94 days. Shortness of breath was the most commonly reported symptom (45.6%). The medians of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, ferritin, and D-dimer were above normal. Significant differences were observed in lymphocytes (p=0.046), procalcitonin (p=0.023), and D-dimer (p=0.000) between survivor and non-survivor patients. Significant dynamic changes in IL-6 levels were observed from the first day to the sixth day (p=0.014) and from the third day to the sixth day (p=0.041). In conclusion, risk stratification, laboratory profiles, and IL-6 levels play a role in assessing the severity and outcomes of COVID-19 patients.

Impact on the Kidney of Pancreas Damage due to Streptozotocin-Induced Hyperglycemia Yana Aurora Prathita; Ahmad Aulia Jusuf; Christina Simadibrata; Wahyuningsih Djaali; Yoshua Viventius
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 59 No. 2 (2023): June
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/fmi.v59i2.33584

Highlights: This study observed the histology of pancreatic β-cell damage without any intervention to the kidneys of the animal models. The histological analysis of the kidneys shows that STZ-induced animal models can be used for assessing kidney abnormalities due to hyperglycemia. A scoring system for the histological analysis was developed to evaluate the changes in the kidney cells. Abstract The kidneys are one of the organs affected by microvascular complications due to diabetes mellitus. Hyperglycemia plays an important role in glomerular, mesangial cell, and tubular damage in the kidneys. Metabolic dysregulation, including hyperglycemia, initiates cellular damage in the kidneys. Streptozotocin (STZ) is a chemical compound that is known to damage pancreatic cells and cause hyperglycemia. This study aimed to examine the effects of hyperglycemia on the morphology of the kidneys. Kidney tissues were observed histologically using a light microscope. Samples were taken from the kidneys of experimental animals administered with STZ to induce hyperglycemia. Observation was performed afterwards to investigate any damage to pancreatic cells. A total of 12 kidney samples were divided into two groups: the control group and the STZ-induced group. The samples were prepared before staining with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome. The endothelium, podocytes, mesangial cells, and basement membrane of the glomerulus were examined. The tubules of the kidneys were also examined, and the presence or absence of connective tissue formation in both groups was statistically tested. The results suggested a significant difference in tubular damage (p<0.05) and an insignificant difference in an increase in the damage of other components of the kidneys (p>0.05) in the STZ-induced group. Significant morphological changes were observed in the hyperglycemic renal tubules due to the administration of STZ. In conclusion, STZ-induced hyperglycemia caused damage to the kidney components but overall had no significant impact on the kidney.

Effects of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract on the Liver of Experimentally-Induced Diabetic Wistar Rats Wahyu Ikhsan; Suryono Suryono; Azham Purwandhono
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 59 No. 2 (2023): June
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/fmi.v59i2.37526

Highlights: This study examined the antioxidant flavonoid compounds derived from naturally sourced Moringa oleifera leaves. 2. Moringa oleifera leaf extract was able to prevent tissue fibrosis and liver cirrhosis in diabetic rat models through the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) pathway. Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is known as a risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) which can progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and eventually lead to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through various stages, including necro-inflammatory fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatitis. M. oleifera leaves contain flavonoid antioxidants, which inhibit reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to investigate the potential of M. oleifera leaf extract at a dosage of 1,000 mg/kgbw to inhibit liver tissue fibrosis in diabetic rats. This study used a true experimental method with a post-test-only control group design. This study was conducted at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Jember, Jember, Indonesia, from November 2021 to January 2022 on 27 male Wistar rats that were divided into three groups of nine rats. The rats were induced with streptozotocin and M. oleifera leaf extract at a dosage of 1,000 mg/kgbw. Masson's trichrome staining and the Meta-analysis of Histological Data in Viral Hepatitis (METAVIR) scoring system were used to measure liver tissue fibrosis. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests to examine significant differences between groups. The results showed a significant difference in the degree of liver tissue fibrosis between the control and diabetes groups (p=0.00) as well as the diabetes and treatment groups (p=0.003). However, the results did not show any significant differences between the control and treatment groups (p=0.270). These findings suggested that administering M. oleifera leaf extract at a dosage of 1,000 mg/kgbw can inhibit liver tissue fibrosis. In conclusion, this study provides evidence that administering M. oleifera leaf extract can inhibit liver tissue fibrosis in diabetic rats.

Detection of Knockdown-Resistance Homozygous Mutant C1534C using Allele-Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction in Aedes Albopictus and Aedes Aegypti Syananda Zahra Fadila; Ahmad Rudi Setiawan; Shifa Fauziyah; Safira Madaniyah; Eryantika Cipta Dewi; Sin War Naw; Sari Edi Cahyaningrum; Tukiran; Teguh Hari Sucipto
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 59 No. 2 (2023): June
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/fmi.v59i2.39802

Highlights: This research analyzed a previously understudied subject in Surabaya, Indonesia, and discovered knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations in Aedes albopictus. The findings of this study can prompt further research, including bioassay testing and the development of more potent insecticides. Abstarct : Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) has been endemic in Indonesia for decades. Insecticides are necessary to manage the transmission of the dengue virus. However, prolonged use of insecticides can lead to insecticide resistance. This study aimed to examine the genotype of mosquitoes using the allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (ASPCR) method. The ASPCR method was chosen for genotype detection due to its high sensitivity, affordability, and ease of design. Five mosquitoes were collected from human habitation in four different areas of Surabaya, Indonesia, namely Kranggan, Ulul Azmi Mosque, Ploso, and Kalijudan. Among them, three samples were identified as Aedes albopictus (A1, A2, and A5) and two samples were identified as Aedes aegypti (A3 and A4). The frequency of resistant alleles was analyzed using the Hardy-Weinberg package in RStudio version 2023.03.1. This study revealed that two mosquitoes carried homozygous mutant alleles with a band of 113 bp and three mosquitoes carried homozygous wild-type alleles with a band of 93 bp. Cysteine-to-cysteine (C/C) mutations and phenylalanine-to-phenylalanine (F/F) mutations at codon 1534 were observed in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. The homozygous mutant alleles were found in Kranggan, Surabaya, Indonesia. Further research is required to assess insecticide resistance and knockdown resistance (kdr)-like mutation by collecting more representative samples from larger areas within the region of Surabaya. Nevertheless, this study can be used as a reference for vector control and early prevention of dengue fever.

Improvement of Cadres' Skills and Knowledge to Provide Comprehensive Health Services for the Elderly Lilik Djuari; Linda Dewanti; Sulistiawati; Natasya Nurvita Brilianti; Farhan Nurdiansyah; Subur Prajitno
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 59 No. 2 (2023): June
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/fmi.v59i2.39896

Highlights: Due to the increasing elderly population in Indonesia, this study must address the knowledge and skill gaps among health cadres in a number of Integrated Health Posts for the Elderly (Pos Layanan Terpadu Lanjut Usia/ Posyandu Lansia). Through this study, the health cadres increased their knowledge and skills, enabling them to provide comprehensive health services for the elderly. Abstract Numerous issues have arisen as a result of the large size and rapid growth of the elderly population, attesting to the need for serious efforts from all sectors to enhance their welfare. However, the health cadres at the Integrated Health Post for the Elderly (Pos Layanan Terpadu Lanjut Usia/ Posyandu Lansia) lacked the training that would have equipped them with the necessary knowledge and skills to carry out their duties. This study aimed to evaluate the significance of training for enhancing the cadres' knowledge and skills in providing comprehensive health services for the elderly. This study was quasi-experimental research with a pre-test and post-test design. The data analysis was performed using the Shapiro-Wilk test (p>0.05) and the Wilcoxon test (p<0.05). A total of 30 health cadres at Songgon Community Health Center were measured for their levels of knowledge and skills before and after the training. The training included filling out health evaluation charts, providing leaflets containing health counseling materials for the elderly, practicing exercise for the elderly, and singing an elderly marching song. Before filling out the health evaluation chart, the cadres had to measure the elderly's degree of independence as well as their mental, emotional, and nutritional status. The cadres also had to measure the weight, height, and blood pressure of the elderly. Prior to training, the cadres' knowledge of hospitalization referrals, independence, and physical exercise for the elderly was limited. The cadres' skills in filling out health evaluation charts, assessing mental, emotional, and nutritional status, measuring blood pressure, and instructing physical exercise were also inadequate. There was a significant difference in the knowledge and skills of the health cadres before and after training (p<0.05). In conclusion, there was an improvement in the health cadres' knowledge and skills regarding comprehensive health services for the elderly at the Posyandu Lansia.

Page 46 of 51 | Total Record : 507

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