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INDONESIA
Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama dan Pemikiran Islam
Published by Universitas Darussalam Gontor
ISSN : 14129590     EISSN : 24770396     DOI : https://dx.doi.org/10.21111/kalimah
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Science, Education, Art, Social,
Religion Arts Humanities Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences
Kalimah is journal of Religious Studies and Islamic Thought published by University of Darussalam (UNIDA) Gontor, Indonesia. Kalimah is a semi annual journal published in March and September for the developing the scientific ethos. Editor accept scientific articles and result of research in accordance with its nature is a journal of Religious Studies and Islamic Thought.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Studi Agama
Articles 165 Documents
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Kritik Pandangan G.H.A. Juynboll terhadap Ilmu al-Jarh wa al-Ta’dil Arif Chasanul Muna
Kalimah: Jurnal Studi Agama dan Pemikiran Islam Vol 14, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/klm.v14i1.359

Abstract

The orientalist assumed that the method of ahl ḥadīts is only focused on the sanad analysis. Beyond that, they also give a critic of the sanad analysis methods and assume that is problematic. Among orientalists who discuss sanad is G.H.A. Juynboll. Besides, he agreed with his predecessors about the uncomprehensiveness method of ahl ḥadīts, Juynboll also argued that the aforementioned sanad analysis method. According to him, the science of al-jarḥ wa al-ta’dīl -which is the most important aspect in sanad analysis was deeply problematic, the reason can be traced from two sides; the first, the narrators (al-rāwi) assessment standards are not objective. The fact is, more assessments are based on the opposite (regionalism); it’s mean that in the early days of the hadith narration there were conflicts between one region to anothers, so that the narrators of the region refused to narrate from another regions. For example, the conflicts occurred between the narrators of Medina and Iraq or between Iraq and Syria. Secondly, a lot the terms have evolved over time, thus there occured various meanings among them. Therefore, through this article the writer will try to criticize this opinion and examine the level of Juynboll understanding to the methods of ahl ḥadīts analysis, especially on the issue of al-jarḥ wa al-ta‘dīl. Afterward, seeing to what extent the actual accuracy of the criticism is given by orientalist (in this case Juynboll) to the method of ahl ḥadīts.
Al-Farabi dan Filsafat Kenabian Qosim Nursheha Dzulhadi
Kalimah: Jurnal Studi Agama dan Pemikiran Islam Vol 12, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/klm.v12i1.222

Abstract

Artikel ini mengulas pemikiran al-Farabi tentang konsep kenabian dalam Islam. Masalah berawal dari adanya pemikiran yang menolak konsep kenabian pada umumnya dan kenabian Nabi Muhammad SAW khususnya. Sebagaimana yang dilontarkan oleh Muhammad Ahmad ibn al-Ruwandi. Ia mengatakan bahwa nabi sebenarnya tidak diperlukan manusia karena Tuhan telah mengaruniakan akal kepada manusia tanpa terkecuali. Dengan akal ini, manusia dapat mengetahui Tuhan beserta segala nikmat Nya dan dapat pula mengetahui perbuatan baik dan buruk, menerima suruhan dan larangan-Nya. Dengan demikian, nabi dengan segala fungsinya tidak diperlukan lagi. Bahkan, kitab suci pun tidak berguna untuk dibaca. Lebih berguna membaca buku filsafat Epicurus, Plato, Aristoteles, dan buku astronomi, logika, serta obat-obatan. Hal ini tentunya bertolak belakang dengan yang diajarkan dalam Islam. Beriman kepada nabi nabi merupakan hal inti dalam ajaran agama ini. Atas dasar itu al-Farabi bereaksi keras. Baginya, pandangan Ibn al-Ruwandi di atas tidak dapat dibenarkan, khususnya dari sisi akidah Islam. Sebagai al-Mu‘allim al-Tsani (Guru Kedua), karena prestasinya dalam menjelaskan dan mengulas-ulang filsafat Aristoteles, al-Farabi mengkritik secara sistematik pandangan menyimpang al-Ruwandi di atas.
The Nature of the Virtuous Soul in Al-Ghazali and Hamka Muhammad Setiawan
Kalimah: Jurnal Studi Agama dan Pemikiran Islam Vol 17, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/klm.v17i1.2852

Abstract

This paper elaborates the view of al-Ghazali and Hamka on the healthy soul in tasawwuf. Both have an interest correlation in understanding the healthy soul with different way of explanation. Hamka said that the healthy soul should be maintained by four qualities; shajÉ’ah, ‘iffah, Íikmah, and ‘adÉlah. In fact, these four qualities are known as ummahÉt al-fadhÉil or the mother of virtuous in the book of al-Ghazali. In fact, the way of al-Ghazali in explaining the meaning of ummahÉt al-fadhÉil is different with Hamka, so this issue is important to be discussed. This research is done by using the descriptive analysis method to elaborate both views on healthy soul, then comparative method is used to gain the different’s result of thought on this issue. After analyzing this works, researcher finds that Hamka was much influenced by al-Ghazali’s thought, but attractively he was succeeded to contextualize the meaning of healthy soul into Indonesian context. This produces the new explanation which is simple to be understood by all people, especially in the land of archipelago
Teologi Asy’ari dalam Kitab Tafsir (Analisa Metode Ta’wil Tafṣīlī dalam Memahami Ayat Istiwā’) Abdulloh Dardum
Kalimah: Jurnal Studi Agama dan Pemikiran Islam Vol 15, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/klm.v15i2.1489

Abstract

Among the mutasyābihāt verses, there are verses which speak about Allah SWT substances, such as verses about hands, eyes, face, istawa', and so on. This article specifically tries to expose and review the ta'wīl tafṣīli method used by the mufasir in understanding the Istiwa' verses. Some of the mufasir mentioned in this article are Ibnu Jarir al-Thabari (w. 310 H), Abu Bakr Ahmad al-Razi al-Jassas al-Hanafi (w. 370 H), Abu al-Laith Nasr bin Muhammad bin Ahmad bin Ibrahim al-Samarqandi (w. 375 H), Abu Hasan Ali bin Muhammad al-Mawardi (w.450 H), Abu Hasan Ali bin Ahmad al-Wahidi al-Naisaburi (w. 468 H), Abu Muhammad Abdul Haq bin' Athiyyah al-Andalusiy (w. 541 H), Fakhruddin al-Razi al-Shafi'i (w. 606 H), Abu Abdillah Muhammad bin Ahmad al-Ansari al-Qurthubi (w. 671 H), Nasiruddin Abdul Khair Abdullah bin Umar ibn Muhammad al-Baidawi al-Shafi'i (w. 685 H), Abu al-Barkat Abdullah bin Ahmad al-Nasafi (w. 710 H), Abu Hayyan al-Andalusiy (w. 754 H), and Abdurrahman bin Muhammad bin Makhluf Abu Zaid al-Tha'alabi (w. 875 H). Using the ta'wīl method, it was found that the majority of the mufasir did not understand istawa' literally. They do not believe that the meaning of istawa' is that Allah sits or stays at the 'Arsy. They turn the meaning of istawa' from its literal meaning to another meaning which corresponds to His greatness traits. They interpret istawa' with istawla or qahara which means to dominate or to conquer. The choice of the ta'wil method is a logical consequence to reinforce Asy'ari's ideology which believes that Allah exists without any place.
KEBEBASAN BERAGAMA DAN PROBLEMATIKA HAM UNIVERSAL Akhmad Muamar
Kalimah: Jurnal Studi Agama dan Pemikiran Islam Vol 11, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/klm.v11i1.484

Abstract

Today, human rights are always referenced as a measure of freedom to behave. This model of human rights is a typical Western worldview and forced to be applied in all areas, including in converting to other religions. Indeed, human rights and freedom of religion are containing the freedom to follow or embrace any religion or belief which believed. Everyone has the freedom, either individually or community, in public or private space, to manifest his religion or belief in teaching and worshiping. These rights andfreedoms are not absolute. If someone demands his rights, he is required to fulfill the obligations of human. Moreover, human rights are essentially limited by the rights of others. The existence of the universal Declaration of Human Rights brings a new problem, because of one of its clause guarantees and protects a person’s right to change his religion or faith. This is certainly contrary to Islam which forbids its ummah to change their religion. Because of this problem, the paper discusses the problems related to universal human rights and religious freedom.
Alam dalam Pandangan Abu Hamid al-Ghazali Irwan Malik Marpaung
Kalimah: Jurnal Studi Agama dan Pemikiran Islam Vol 12, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/klm.v12i2.240

Abstract

Pernyataan bahwa alam ini muncul bersamaan dengan Zat Tuhan berimplikasi kepada adanya persaingan antara alam dengan Tuhan dalam eksistensinya. Benarkah Tuhan yang menciptakan alam? Jika benar, kapan Tuhan mulai menciptakannya? Dan mengapa Tuhan tidak menciptakannya pada waktu yang lain? Di antara para Filsuf Muslim pun terdapat ragam pendapat yang jika kita salah dalam memahaminya, akan menyebabkan seseorang mengingkari eksistensi Tuhan. Salah satu pendapat yang cukup menarik untuk dicermati adalah konsep alam menurut al-Ghazali. Ia merupakan salah satu filosof dan teolog Muslim yang terkenal yang dengan kedalaman ilmunya membuat ia digelar sebagai hujjah al-Islam. Makalah ini akan membahas konsepsi al-Ghazali tentang alam yang tersusun terutama dari kritik al-Ghazali terhadap argumentasi para filsuf berupa argumen Tarjih dan Murajjih, argumen Taqaddum Zamani, argumentasi al-Imkan, serta argumen materi. Melalui makalah sederhana ini akan dipaparkan pemikiran al-Ghazali mengenai alam, sekaligus membantah beberapa konsep para filosof barat dengan nas-nas yang otentik.
Teologi Ibrahim dalam Perspektif Agama Yahudi, Kristen, dan Islam Muhammad Afdillah
Kalimah: Jurnal Studi Agama dan Pemikiran Islam Vol 14, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/klm.v14i1.363

Abstract

This paper is intended to examine the theology of Abraham who is the father of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. The three religions have debated on several issues and fought in several battles. The one way is to break the wall that stood around them to know the origin of the three religions. Here, Ibrahim is a single actor as a way to answer the similarities and differences of the three religions. The story of Ibrahim still inspires the believer of all three faiths to become good Jews, Christians, and Muslims. Because the Abrahamic ethic is to maintain the pure monotheism, that there is no god except Allah, without any interruption and intervention of paganism and polytheism. Generally, this research is based on the history of mankind, and focuses on the study of the Bible and the Holy Qur’an. Through this research, the writer found few differences and similarities in the Bible and the Qur’an about the life of Abraham. Firstly, that Abraham will be the patriarch of the nations and the major religions. Secondly, Abraham is spiritual journey which an inspiration for Jews, Christians, and Muslims in performing their religious rituals. Then, the writer also found that the theological concept built by Abraham is monotheistic (tawh}i>d) and totally (ka>ffah) self-surrendering (aslama) totally to the Almighty God; rejecting all forms paganism and polytheism.
Catatan atas Teologi Humanis Hasan Hanafi Jarman Arroisi
Kalimah: Jurnal Studi Agama dan Pemikiran Islam Vol 12, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/klm.v12i2.235

Abstract

The paper explores, that the issue of humanism that carries the idea of man as central to all of life cannot seen as a simple idea. Moreover, Muslim scientists brought up the idea. That is not a few of Muslim scholars in various Islamic universities are working hard campaigning in support disseminated this idea. Humanism actually as understanding of what makes humans as the main shaft in life is unknown in Islamic tradition. This phenomenon needs to get an adequate answer, to give a true description of its concept. In addition, this paper also offers ideas that in order to achieve the betterment of life, a Muslim does not have to empty himself of religion and God. Otherwise, religion and God should not be forgotten. A Muslim has to examine Islam as soon, trough the discipline has been handed down by prophets, and which has been developed by previous scholars, diligently an earnestly, so as the explore of the old heritage, is it expect to find new original concept to answer nowadays problems.
موقف نصر حامد أبو زيد من تأسيس الأيديولوجية الوسطية للإمام الشافعي M. Riza Budima; Saiful Ulum
Kalimah: Jurnal Studi Agama dan Pemikiran Islam Vol 17, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/klm.v17i2.3429

Abstract

The term wasat }iyah is always related to kindness, justice and balance. When juxtaposed with “ideology” the term becomes “ideology wasat} iyah,” meaning a way or idea of   thinking that is good and fair with an Islamic perspective. But an Egyptian modernist wrote a book entitled, “Al-Imam> al-Syafi>’i wa Ta’sīs al-Idiulūjiyyah al-Wasati}yah.” The author of this book is Nasr Hamid Abu Zaid, and everything written in his book contains criticism of Imam Syafi’i. Based on that the writer wants to make the book as an object of research that will be focused on Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd’s criticism of Imam Syafi’i from the aspect of wasat}iyah ideology. This study aims to counter Nasr Hamid’s criticisms of Imam Syafi’i. The author focuses his study on four aspects criticized by Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd to Imam Shafi ‘,   namely al-Qur’an, Sunnah, Ijma and Qiyas from the standpoint of wasati}yah ideology. The result is that the writer found that Nasr Hamid was wrong in evaluating Imam Syafi’i.
Uṣūl al-Barajmātiyah fī Ḍaui al-‘Aqīdah al-Islāmiyah Moh. Isom Mudin; Syamsul Hadi Untung
Kalimah: Jurnal Studi Agama dan Pemikiran Islam Vol 15, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/klm.v15i2.1493

Abstract

Pragmatism is one of contemporary issues in Greek philosophy which was later developed by the number of modern figures such as William James, Webster and Charles Sender Pierce. Pragmatism is generally defined as a school of thought which considers everything based on every principle of benefit that it owned, knowledge for instance. Human seek the knowledge in order to make their life better. Due to the fact that pragmatism is built on the foundation that validity of an act and its value is evaluated from the advantages as its consequent, then everything shoul adhere to the principles. Pragmatism, in its progress, approves the harmony between the mind and human actions. Furthemore, the standard of absolute functions or benefits are referred back relatively to the subject. At this point, of we review the prgamatism from religion perspective, it could convey us to the relativism of truth. It can be concluded here that as an idelogy brought from the perspective of philosophy and religion, pragmatism should be strictly criticized from the view of Islam according to its negative implications toward religious understanding. This paper will try to elaborate on pragmatism chronologically, related to its contribution and relation toward Islamic Studies, expressing its principles associated with the perspectives of knowledge, akhlaq, and religiuos norms.

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