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agriTECH

agritech
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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 02160455 EISSN : 25273825 DOI : 10.22146/agritech

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Agritech with registered number ISSN 0216-0455 (print) and ISSN 2527-3825 (online) is a scientific journal that publishes the results of research in the field of food and agricultural product technology, agricultural and bio-system engineering, and agroindustrial technology. This journal is published by Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta in colaboration with Indonesian Association of Food Technologies (PATPI).

Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)

Articles 1,286 Documents

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The Effect of Addition of Lactobacillus plantarum S4512 on The Microbiological and Chemical Characteristics during Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) Fermentation Tyas Utami; Rifa Nurhayati; Endang Sutriswati Rahayu
agriTECH Vol 35, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

The aim of this study was to investigate the population of selected bacteria and some chemical characteristics during sorghum fermentation with the addition of Lactobacillus plantarum S4512. Proteolytic L. plantarum S4512 isolated from natural sorghum fermentation was added into sorghum fermentation. Sorghum flour was mixed with sterile water (1:2 w/v) and then was inoculated with 1% v/v (about 109 CFU/ml) culture of L. plantarum S4512. Fermentation was carried out at 37°C for 24 hours. As a control, natural sorghum fermentation without addition of a starter culture was carried out at 30°C for 24 hours. During fermentation time, the amount of bacteria, acid producing bacteria, coliform and proteolytic bacteria were monitored. The titratable acidity, pH, soluble protein, and proteolytic activity were also measured. Addition of L. plantarum S4512 increased significantly the initial population of total bacteria, lactic acid bacteria and proteolytic bacteria to 107 CFU/ml and suppressed the growth of coliforms indicated by siginificantly decline of coliforms population after 6 h fermentation. The production of acid was doubled of that in the natural fermentation resulted in the lower pH to 3.14. Both natural sorghum fermentation and that with addition of proteolytic L. plantarum S4512 showed some proteolytic activities during fermentation.

Kinetika Pertumbuhan Mikrobia dan Kemunduran Mutu Bakso Berpelapis Edible Aktif Berbasis Pati Kimpul (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) pada Berbagai Ketebalan Warkoyo Warkoyo; Budi Rahardjo; Djagal Wiseso Marseno; Joko Nugroho Wahyu Karyadi
agriTECH Vol 35, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Quality deterioration of food material with active edible coated depends on product properties, environment andproperties of coating. Properties of coating are influenced by the type and amount of the basic constituent materials, plasticizers, and active coating ingredient. The objective of this research was to determine the kinetics of microbial growth, and quality deterioration of X. sagittifolium starch-based coated meatball with various thicknesses. The treatments tested in this study were thickness of edible coatings (0.43; 0.48; 0.53; 0.58 mm). Observation parameters were the number of microbes (total microbial, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), protein content, TVB-N, water losses, and texture. The results showed that active edible coatings thickness significantly affected of microbes number, and TVB-N, but did not affect protein content, water losses, and meatball texture. Microbial growth (TPC and P. aeruginosa) changed exponentially with the rate of increase of 0.049 to 0.055 per hour for TPC and from 0.071 to 0.075 per hour for P. aeruginosa or 0.026 per mm.hour times the thickness. TVB-N content changed linearly with the rate of increase of 0.132 to 0.153 mg/100g.hour or 0.206 mg/100g.mm.hour times the thickness. X. sagittifolium starch-based active edible coating with potassium sorbate as active ingredient and 0.43 mm coating thickness could prolong meatball shelf life up to 4 times longer than control.ABSTRAKKemunduran mutu bahan pangan yang terlapisi pelapis edible aktif tergantung kepada sifat produk, kondisi lingkungan, dan karakter pelapis. Karakter pelapis dipengaruhi oleh jenis dan jumlah dari bahan dasar penyusun, plasticizer, dan bahan aktif yang digunakan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan kinetika pertumbuhan mikrobia, dan kemunduran mutu bakso terlapisi edible aktif berbasis pati umbi kimpul (X. sagittifolium) dengan berbagai ketebalan. Perlakuan dalam penelitian ini adalah ketebalan pelapis edible yang berbeda (0,43; 0,48; 0,53; 0,58 mm). Parameter pengamatan meliputi jumlah mikrobia (total mikrobia dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa), kadar protein, TVB-N, susut bobot, dan tekstur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketebalan pelapis edible aktif berpengaruh nyata terhadap populasi mikrobia, dan TVB-N, serta berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap kadar protein, susut bobot, dan tekstur bakso. Pertumbuhan mikrobia (TPC dan P. aeruginosa) berubah secara eksponensial dengan laju peningkatan sebesar 0,049-0,055 per jam untuk TPC, dan 0,071-0,075 per jam untuk P. aeruginosa atau sebesar 0,026 per mm.jam kali ketebalan. Kadar TVB-N bakso berubah secara linier dengan laju peningkatan sebesar 0,132-0,153 mg/100g.jam atau sebesar 0,206 mg/100g.mm.jam kali ketebalan. Pelapis edible aktif berbasis pati X. sagittifolium yang diinkorporasi kalium sorbat dengan tebal 0,43 mm dapat meningkatkan umur simpan bakso sampai 4 kali lebih lama dibandingkan bakso tanpa pelapis.

Produksi Low Calorie Sweet Bio-Yoghurt dengan Penambahan Ekstrak Daun Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) Sebagai Pengganti Gula Widodo Widodo; Naimatun Munawaroh; Indratiningsih Indratiningsih
agriTECH Vol 35, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

The purpose of this study was to examine potential utilization of stevia’s leaf as sugar substitute in low calorie sweetbio-yoghurt. The experiment was carried out with the supplementation of stevia’s leaf extract in yoghurt at level 0.5; 2.0; 3.5% and yoghurt produced with supplementation 7.0% sugar used as a control. Parameters observed were level of stevioside, calorie content, pH and acidity, total solid, nutritional composition, microbiological quality, and sensory acceptance. The result showed that level of stevioside obtained in ethanol phase was higher (12.73%) than that in butanol phase (11.89%). There were no differences on pH and acidity in yoghurt either supplemented with sugar or stevia’s leaf extract. The protein content in yoghurt supplemented with stevia’s leaf extract was higher than that supplemented with sugar, but no differences were observed on lactose content. Supplementation of stevia’s leaf extract at 0.5% increased fat content, but higher level of supplementation (2.0 and 3.5%) had no effects on fat content. Calorie content of yoghurt supplemented with stevia’s leaf extract was lower than that supplemented with sugar. The supplementation of stevia’s leaf extract in yoghurt affected on taste, flavor, mouth-feel, and acceptance but had no effect on appearance and colour. Stevia’s leaf extract was able to maintain viability of lactic acid bacteria and probiotic kept for a week in a refrigerator. Low calorie sweet bio-yoghurt with supplementation of stevia’s leaf extract at level 0.5% had the highest acceptance.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pemanfaatan stevioside hasil ekstraksi daun stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) sebagai pengganti gula dalam produk low calorie sweet bio-yoghurt. Penelitian dilakukan dengan penambahan 0,5; 2,0 dan 3,5% ekstrak daun stevia pada yoghurt dan sebagai kontrol yoghurt dengan penambahan 7,0% gula. Parameter yang diamati adalah kadar stevioside hasil ekstraksi, kandungan kalori, nilai pH dan keasaman, komposisi nutrisi, kualitas mikrobiologis, serta sensoris produk yoghurt. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar stevioside hasil ekstraksi fase etanol (12,73%) lebih tinggi dibandingkan fase butanol (11,89%). Tidak ada pengaruh antara sweetener gula dengan ekstrak daun stevia terhadap nilai pH dan keasaman yoghurt. Penambahan sweetener gula dan ekstrak daun stevia sebesar 0,5; 2,0; dan 3,5% meningkatkan kandungan protein, tetapi tidak berpegaruh terhadap kandungan laktosa yoghurt. Penambahan ekstrak daun stevia 0,5% meningkatkan kadar lemak, tetapi penambahan lebih tinggi (0,5 dan 3,5%) tidak berpengaruh terhadap kadar lemak yoghurt. Nilai kalori yoghurt dengan penambahan ekstrak daun stevia lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan penambahan gula. Hasil pengujian kualitas sensoris menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan penampilan dan warna antara yoghurt dengan penambahan sweetener gula dibandingkan dengan ekstrak daun stevia, tetapi penambahan ekstrak daun stevia berpengaruh terhadap aroma, rasa, mouth-feel, dan daya terima. Penambahan ekstrak daun stevia dapat mempertahankan viabilitas bakteri asam laktat dan probiotik dalam yoghurt selama seminggu. Low calorie sweet bio-yoghurt dengan penambahan 0,5% ekstrak daun stevia menghasilkan daya terima terbaik bagi panelis.

Analisis Potensi Lorong Pengatus Dangkal untuk Percepatan Jadwal Tanam Palawija di Tanah Sawah Siti Suharyatun; Bambang Purwantana; Abdul Rozaq; Muhjidin Mawardi
agriTECH Vol 35, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Installing shallow mole drainage in paddy soil can increase the rate of lowering soil moisture into such a condition which is suitable for the early growth of non-rice crops. This study aimed to analyze the shallow mole drainage installation potential to plant crops early in paddy soil. The study was conducted in a laboratory scale using a soil bin, a model of mole plow, and soil kept homogeneous in boxes. The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory for Energy and Agricultural Machinery, Agricultural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agricultural Technology Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. Mole drainage was installed in 2 paddy soils, with different clay content, namely; 41.17% (soil B) and 53.36% (soil C). Soil moisture content was measured periodically by using gypsum blocks. The analysis showed that the mole drainage installed in soil B was able to speed up the time taken to reach field capacity. At the distance horizontally to the center of mole drainage (x) = 6.5 cm with the depth (z) =5 cm took 72 hours faster than the control. At z =10 needed 92 hours, at z = 15 cm needed 154 hours faster than the control. At the distance horizontally to the center of mole drainage (x) = 11.5 with z = 5 cm took 52 hours, with z = 10 cm took 161 hours, with z = 15 cm took 150 hours faster than the control. The installation of mole drainage in soil C was also able to speed up the time required to reach field capacity. At the distance horizontally to the center of mole drainage (x) = 6.5 cm with the depth (z) = 5 cm took 165 hours, with z = 10 cm took 184 hours, with z = 15 cm took 200 hours faster than the control. At x = 11.5 with z = 5 cm took 144 hours, with z = 10 cm took 154 hours, with z = 15 cm took 192 hours faster than the control. The lesser time required to reach field capacity indicated that mole drainage installed in soil B and C was potential to plant crops early in paddy soil.ABSTRAKLorong pengatus dangkal di lahan sawah berfungsi meningkatkan laju penurunan lengas tanah di lapisan olah, sehingga kondisi tanah yang sesuai untuk pertumbuhan awal tanaman palawija dapat segera tercapai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi pembentukan lorong pengatus terhadap peluang percepatan jadwal tanam palawija di tanah sawah. Penelitian dilakukan dalam skala laboratorium dengan menggunakan soil bin, model bajak lorong, dan tanah di dalam boks yang dijaga homogenitasnya. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Energi dan Mesin Pertanian, Jurusan Teknik Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. Lorong pengatus dibuat pada 2 jenis tanah sawah bertekstur lempung, dengan kadar lempung yang berbeda, yaitu 41,17% (tanah B) dan 53,36% (tanah C). Pengukuran kadar lengas tanah dilakukan secara periodik menggunakan gypsum blok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembentukan lorong pengatus pada tanah B dapat mempercepat waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk mencapai kapasitas lapang. Pada jarak horisontal dari pusat lorong (x)=6,5 cm dengan kedalaman (z)=5cm, membutuhkan waktu 72 jam lebih cepat dibanding kontrol, pada z=10 cm membutuhkan 192 jam, pada z=15 cm membutuhkan154 jam lebih cepat dibanding kontrol. Pada x=11,5 membutuhkan waktu 52 jam (z=5cm), 161 jam (z=10 cm), 150 jam (z=15 cm) lebih cepat dibanding kontrol. Pembentukan lorong pengatus pada tanah C juga dapat mempercepat waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk mencapai kapasitas lapang. Pada x=6,5 cm, membutuhkan waktu 165 jam (z=5cm), 184 jam (z=10 cm), 200 jam (z=15 cm) lebih cepat dibanding kontrol. Pada x=11,5 membutuhkan waktu 144 jam (z=5cm), 156 jam (z=10 cm), 192 jam (z=15 cm) lebih cepat dibanding kontrol. Menurunnya waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk mencapai kapasitas lapang menunjukkan bahwa pembentukan lorong pengatus di tanah B dan C berpotensi untuk mempercepat jadwal tanam palawija.

Pemodelan pada Proses Pengeringan Mekanis Tepung Kasava dengan Menggunakan Pneumatic Dryer: Hubungan Fineness Modulus dengan Variabel Proses Pengeringan Yus Witdarko; Nursigit Bintoro; Bandul Suratmo; Budi Rahardjo
agriTECH Vol 35, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

One of the drying methods, which are applied in the industry of flour production, is that pneumatic drying. A wide variety of the variables that are from both of the characteristics of the dried material and drying process condition greatly affect the quality of drying result. Fineness Modulus (FM) and average diameter of flour are important variables in determining the quality of the flour. The objectives of this research was to formulatea mathematical relationship between various pneumatic drying process variables with the fineness modulus of the materials of cassava flour by applying dimensional analysis. In order to realize this goal, pneumatic drying equipment has been designed and tested with a wide variety of treatments such as the input capacity, drying air velocity, particle’s flour diameter, and temperature of air dryer as well.ABSTRAKMetode pengeringan yang diterapkan dalam industri pembuatan tepung salah satunya adalah pneumatic drying. Berbagai macam variabel baik dari sifat-sifat bahan yang dikeringkan maupun kondisi proses pengeringan sangat mempengaruhi kualitas hasil pengeringan. Fineness Modulus (FM) dan diameter tepung rata-rata merupakan variabel-variabel yang penting dalam penentuan kualitas dari tepung. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mencari hubungan matematis antara FM dengan variabel-variabel kondisi proses pengeringan pneumatik. Untuk dapat mewujudkan tujuan tersebut telah dirancang peralatan pneumatic drying dan dilakukan pengujian dengan berbagai macam variasi perlakuan seperti kapasitas input, kecepatan udara pengering, diameter partikel tepung, dan temperatur udara pengering.

Peningkatan Kandungan Protein Mie Basah dari Tapioka dengan Substitusi Tepung Koro Pedang Putih (Canavalia ensiformis L.) Agnes Murdiati; Sri Anggrahini; Ayuk Alim
agriTECH Vol 35, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Noodle can be made from tapioca, but the protein content was very limited. The purpose of this study was to increase protein content of tapioca wet noodle with addition of 0-50% white jack bean flour and to evaluate the physical, chemical and organoleptic properties. This study was preceded by a reduction HCN content. After HCN content fulfilled SNI standards, white jack bean was then made into flour. In this study, wet noodle was made with the ratio of tapioca: white jack bean flour 100:0; 90:10; 80:20; 70:30; 60:40; and 50:50 respectively. Physical characteristics of noodle was investigated in this study were cooking loss, expansion ratio, tensile strength, and elongation. Organoleptic characteristics were studied by preference and difference test. Noodle product which was preferred by panelists was analyzed for the nutritional content. The results showed that soaking jack bean in 2% sodium bicarbonate solution for 40 hours with pulping in the first 10 hours and continued with soaking water 3 times 10 hours can reduce HCN content by 87.08%. The cooking loss and force of tensile strength were increased while expansion ratio and elongation decreased with higher proportions of white jack bean flour used. Wet mie made of ratio tapioca: white jack bean flour 80:20 got the preferences by panelists, and was able to increase protein content 9.51 fold with protein content 7.15% db.ABSTRAKMie dapat dibuat dari tapioka, namun kandungan protein mie tapioka sangat rendah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kandungan protein mie basah dari tapioka dengan penambahan tepung koro pedang putih 0-50% dan evaluasi sifat fisik, kimia, dan organoleptik produk mie basah tersebut. Penelitian ini didahului dengan pengurangan kadar HCN koro pedang putih dan pembuatan tepung koro pedang putih. Pembuatan mie basah dari tapioka dilakukan dengan variasi rasio campuran tapioka: tepung koro pedang putih 100:0; 90:10; 80:20; 70:30; 60:40; dan 50:50. Karakteristik fisik mie yang diteliti meliputi kehilangan padatan akibat pemasakan, rasio pengembangan, tensile strength, dan elongasi. Karakteristik organoleptik mie yang diteliti meliputi uji kesukaan dan pembedaan. Mie yang disukai panelis selanjutnya dianalisis kandungan gizinya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perendaman koro pedang putih dalam larutan natrium bikarbonat 2% selama 40 jam dengan pengupasan pada jam ke-10 pertama dan dilanjutkan dengan penggantian air rendaman setiap 10 jam dapat mengurangi kadar HCN sebesar 87,08%. Pada mie yang dihasilkan, makin banyak penambahan tepung koro pedang putih, kehilangan padatan akibat pemasakan (cooking loss) dan gaya pada tensile strength meningkat, sedangkan rasio pengembangan dan elongasi menurun. Produk mie basah yang dibuat dengan rasio tapioka: tepung koro pedang putih sebanyak 80:20 masih disukai panelis, dan mampu meningkatkan kandungan protein sebesar 9,51 kali sehingga kandungan protein mie yang dihasilkan sebanyak 7,15% db.

Komposisi Proksimat dan Kandungan Bakteri Asam Laktat Oyek Terbaik dari Perlakuan Penambahan Kacang Tunggak (Vigna unguiculata) Berdasarkan Tingkat Kesukaannya Bayu Kanetro; Sri Luwihana
agriTECH Vol 35, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Oyek or dried growol was traditional food from Kulonprogo Yogyakarta that was made of cassava through spontaneous fermentation by soaking in water. After that, the cassava was formed, steamed, and dried. Oyek could be utilized as main food for substituting rice, but the protein of oyek was lower than rice. This research was conducted to determine the best treatment of oyek based on the preference of the oyek that were made of variation of germinated and ungerminated cowpeas flour addition (oyek treatment). This research was also to determine the proximate composition especially the increase of protein and lactic acid bacteria of the best treatment of oyek compared with oyek without cowpeas addition (control). The result of this research showed that the 30% flour of cowpeas sprout as source of protein could be added in the best oyek without altering its overall preference. The result of this research showed the chemical composition of the best oyek compared to oyek control were significant different, esspecially protein. The protein of the best oyek increased 4.9 times compared to control. The lactic acid bacteria decreased for processing growol to oyek. The lactic acid bacteria of the best oyek was higher than control, that were 3.10 x 10 1(CFU/g sampel) respectively.ABSTRAKOyek atau growol yang dikeringkan adalah makanan tradisional dari Kulonprogo Yogyakarta yang dibuat dari ubi kayu/ singkong melalui tahap fermentasi secara spontan dengan cara perendaman dalam air, selanjutnya dicetak, dikukus menjadi growol dan dikeringkan. Oyek dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pangan pokok alternatif pengganti beras, namun kadar proteinnya lebih rendah daripada beras. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan oyek perlakuan terbaik yang dibuat dengan variasi penambahan tepung kacang tunggak yang dikecambahkan dan tidak dikecambahkan berdasarkan tingkat kesukaannya. Selain itu, penelitian ini ditujukan untuk menentukan komposisi kimia proksimat khususnya peningkatan kadar protein dan kandungan bakteri asam laktat (BAL) oyek terbaik dengan penambahan kacang tunggak dibandingkan oyek tanpa penambahan kacang tunggak (kontrol). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa oyek terbaik yang diterima panelis dan tingkat kesukaannya tidak berbeda nyata dengan kontrol yaitu oyek dengan penambahan tepung kacang tunggak yang dikecambahkan sebesar 30%. Kadar protein oyek tersebut meningkat 4,9 kali terhadap kontrol. Kandungan bakteri asam laktat menurun selama pengolahan growol menjadi oyek. Kandungan bakteri asamlaktat oyek tersebut lebih tinggi daripada kontrol yaitu berturut-turut 3,10 x 103 dan 4,0 x 101 (CFU/g sampel).

Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Buah Adas (Foeniculum vulgare, Mill) pada Vibrio harveyi dan Vibrio alginolyticus Budianto Budianto; Arief Prajitno; Ating Yuniarti
agriTECH Vol 35, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Evaluation of natural products as a safe and effective antimicrobial agent is a scientific strategy to treat the drug resistant pathogens. Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) is an herbal plant that has an active ingredient which is one of its benefits as an antibacterial material. In this study, water extract of fennel fruit determined the antibacterial activity against Vibrio harveyi and Vibrio alginolyticus using the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Test (MIC) and paper disk diffusion method. The results obtained on the MIC, the smallest concentration inhibited the growth was 0,060 g/ml, for both bacteria. The variations on Paper Disk Diffusion Method were the concentrations of A (0.065 g/ml), B (0.070 g/ml), C (0.075 g/mL), D (0.080 g/ml), E (0.085 g/ml), F (0.090 g/ml) and Control (0.000 g/ml). The concentration of 0.090 g/ml had the highest inhibition zone diameter in 11.17 ± 0.5 mm (V. harveyi) and 12.53 ± 1.14 mm (V. alginolyticus). It can be concluded that the fruits of fennel (F. vulgare Mill) has a very important ecological role as an alternative treatment in controlling the spread of vibriosis caused by V. harveyi and V. alginolyticus.ABSTRAKEvaluasi produk alami sebagai agen antimikrobia yang aman dan efektif adalah salah satu strategi ilmiah untuk memerangi ancaman patogen resistan terhadap obat. Fennel, (Foeniculum vulgare Mill), umumnya dikenal sebagai adas, merupakan tanaman herbal yang memiliki bahan aktif yang salah satu manfaatnya adalah sebagai bahan antibakteri. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan ekstrak air dari buah adas untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Vibrio harveyi dan Vibrio alginolyticus dengan menggunakan metode uji Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) dan difusi cakram kertas. Hasil yang diperoleh pada uji MIC, konsentrasi terkecil untuk menghambat pertumbuhan adalah 0,060 g/ml, untuk kedua spesies bakteri. Variasi perlakuan pada uji cakram kertas yaitu konsentrasi A (0,065 g/ml), B (0,070 g/ml), C (0,075 g/ml), D (0,080 g/ml), E (0,085 g/ml), F (0,090 g/ml) dan kontrol (0,000 g/ml), hasil yang diperoleh adalah konsentrasi 0,090 g/ml memiliki diameter zona hambat tertinggi sebesar 11,17 ± 0,5 mm (V. harveyi) dan 12,53 ± 1,14 mm (V. alginolyticus), sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa buah adas (F. vulgare Mill) memiliki peranan ekologi yang sangat penting sebagai bahan pengobatan alternatif dalam pengendalian penyebaran penyakit Vibriosis yang disebabkan oleh V. harveyi dan V. alginolyticus.

Karakteristik Fisik dan Kimia Pati Ganyong dan Gadung Termodifikasi Metode Ikatan Silang Budi Santoso; Filli Pratama; Basuni Hamzah; Rindit Pambayun
agriTECH Vol 35, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

The research aimed to know physical and chemical characteristics of Canna edulis Kerr and Dioscorea hispida Dennst unmodified and modified starch with cross-linking method. This research was divided into two stages. The first stage of the research was characterization of starch from Canna edulis Kerr and Dioscorea hispida Dennst and the second stage of the research was processing of modified starch from Canna edulis Kerr and Dioscorea hispida Dennst through crosslinking by using POCl at the concentration of 0.04%(v/v), 0.08%(v/v), dan 0.12%(v/v). There was no specific research design for the first stage of the research. The collected data was tabulated. The research design for the second stage was non factorial completely randomized design with five replications. The results showed that C. edulis contained starch content (41.35%) and D. hispida (38.80%). C. edulis starch had amylose content (17.59%) and D. hispida starch 8.92%. The modification of C. edulis starch contained of phosphate (15.74 ppm) and D. hispida 9.54 ppm. The starch granule was found in C. edulis (20-50 μm) and starch granule was in D. hispida (4.23 to 4.52 μm). The physical and chemical characteristics of modified C. edulis and D. hispida starch were not similar to the unmodified starch. The amylose and starch contents in the modified starch was reduced, on the other hand, the phosphate content was increased, whereas the granule size was unchanged.3ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik fisik dan kimia pati ganyong dan gadung sebelum dan setelah dimodifikasi dengan menggunakan metode ikatan silang (cross linking). Penelitian ini terdiri atas dua tahap. Tahap pertama adalah karakterisasi pati dari umbi ganyong dan umbi gadung. Tahap kedua pembuatan pati termodifikasi dari pati ganyong dan gadung melalui ikatan silang dengan menggunakan POCl pada konsentrasi 0,04% (v/v);0,08% (vv); dan 0,12% (v/v). Rancangan penelitian tahap pertama menggunakan tabulasi dan tahap kedua rancangan acak lengkap non faktorial dengan lima kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar pati umbi ganyong sebesar 41,35% dan 38,80% untuk pati umbi gadung. Kadar amilosa pati ganyong 17,59% dan pati gadung 8,92%. Pati ganyong modifikasi mengandung fosfat sebesar 15,74 ppm sedangkan pati gadung 9,54 ppm. Ukuran granula pati ganyong berkisar 20-50 μm dan pati gadung 4,32-4,25 μm. Kadar pati dan amilosa umbi ganyong dan gadung setelah dimodifikasi mengalami penurunan secara signifikan dengan semakin tinggi konsentrasi POCl 3 sedangkan kadar fosfat, derajat substitusi, dan kadar HCN untuk pati gadung mengalami penurunan.

Ekstraksi Daun Gedi (Abelmoschus manihot L) Secara Sekuensial dan Aktivitas Antioksidannya Mercy Taroreh; Sri Rahardjo; Pudji Hastuti; Agnes Murdiati
agriTECH Vol 35, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Gedi’s leave is one of the raw material in tinutuan porridge, a traditional food from Manado Indonesia. The leaves was extracted by various solvent to dissolve all of the compound. The aim of this study was to compare the profile and antioxidant activities of the extract in various sequence of solvent. Hexane, aseton, and methanol were used to dissolve a non polar, semi polar and polar component, respectively. All of the extract were analysed for its antioxidant activities. The profile of extract were indicated by total phenol and total flavonoid meanwhile antioxidant activities was measured by radical scavenging activity DPPH, metal chelating and singlet oxygen quenching. The result indicated the sequence of hexane – aseton – methanol contain the highest of total phenol and flavonoid compare to the others with 10.67±0.49 mg GAE/g extract and 2.33±0.026 mg quersetin/g extract. The sequence also showed the highest of antioxidant activities at 150 μg/mL extract with 67.47%; 48.07% and 38.66% for percentage of inhibition DPPH, value of metal chelating and singlet oxygen, respectively.ABSTRAKDaun Gedi (Abelmoschus manihot L) merupakan salah satu bahan utama tinutuan, makanan tradisional Manado.Penelitian tentang profil dan aktivitas antioksidan dari daun Gedi telah dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi dan membandingkan profil dan aktivitas antioksidan dari daun gedi yang diekstraksi secara sekuensial dengan pelarut heksana, aseton dan metanol. Ekstrak daun gedi selanjutnya dianalisis kandungan total fenolik dan flavonoid, sedangkan aktivitas antioksidannya dilakukan secara in vitro meliputi penangkal radikal bebas DPPH, pengkelat logam dan penstabil oksigen singlet. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak sekuensial heksanaaseton-metanol (ESHAM) memiliki total fenol dan total flavonoid yang tertinggi dibandingkan dengan ekstrak lainnya,masing-masing sebesar 10,67±0,49 mg GAE/g ekstrak dan 2,33±0,026mg kuersetin/g ekstrak. ESHAM juga memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang paling tinggi, dengan persentase penghambatan DPPH sebesar 67,47%; persen pegkelat logam sebesar 48,07% dan persen penghambatan oksigen singlet sebesar 38,66% pada konsentrasi 150μg/mL esktrak. Kesimpulan senyawa fenolik pada daun gedi bersifat polar sehingga menghasilkan aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi pada pelarut polar.

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Editorial Address Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora No. 1, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia

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Contact Name
Rachma Wikandari

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rachma_wikandari@mail.ugm.ac.id

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Editorial Address
Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora No. 1, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia

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Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA