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Studi Potensi Alelopati Ekstrak Rimpang Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb.) pada Rumput Teki (Cyperus rotundus) dan Perkecambahan Kedelai (Glycine max) Ellis Nihayati; Anna Satyana Karyawati; Latifah Diah Puspasari; Nur Azizah
Jurnal Agro Vol 3, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Jurusan Agroteknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/891

Ekstrak rimpang temulawak (Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb.) memiliki sifat alelopati yang berasal dari senyawa metabolit sekunder. Senyawa metabolit tersebut menghambat pertumbuhan tanaman sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bioherbisida. Rumput teki ialah gulma yang sering tumbuh pada lahan budidaya tanaman kedelai, sehingga perlu dikendalikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari potensi ekstrak rimpang temulawak pada rumput teki dan mendapatkan konsentrasi ekstrak rimpang temulawak yang dapat menekan pertumbuhan rumput teki tetapi tidak menghambat perkecambahan kedelai. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret hingga April 2015 yang terbagi dalam tiga tahap penelitian. Penelitian pertama dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Sumberdaya Lingkungan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Penelitian kedua dan ketiga bertempat di Rumah Kaca Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya, masing - masing menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dan Rancangan Acak Kelompok. Penelitian ini terdiri atas 6 perlakuan yaitu P0 (kontrol), P1 (konsentrasi 20%), P2 (konsentrasi 40%), P3 (konsentrasi 60%), P4 (konsentrasi 80%), P5 (konsentrasi 100%) dan 4 kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa konsentrasi 20% ekstrak rimpang temulawak mampu menekan pertumbuhan tunas rumput teki. Peningkatan konsentrasi ekstrak rimpang temulawak hingga 60% mengakibatkan pertumbuhan tanaman rumput teki tertekan. Pengaruh ekstrak rimpang temulawak pada penghambatan perkecambahan terlihat pada perlakuan konsentrasi 60%. Rhizome extract of temulawak (Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb.) has residue properties derived from secondary metabolites. The metabolites inhibit the growth of plants, and it can be used as bioherbicide. Cyperus rotundus is a common weed that grows in soybean cultivation and it needs to be controlled. This research aimed to study the potential of temulawak rhizome extract on Cyperus rotundus and get temulawak rhizome extract concentration that can suppress the growth of Cyperus rotundus without inhibiting the germination of soybeans. The experiment was conducted on March to April 2015 and divided into three experiments. The first experiment was conducted in the Laboratory of Environmental Resource using completely randomized design. The second experiment and third experiments placed in Greenhouse UB Faculty of Agriculture, each using completely randomized block design and randomized block design. This study consisted of six treatments that were P0 (control), P1 (20% concentration), P2 (40% concentration), P3 (60% concentration), P4 (80% concentration), P5 (100% concentration) and four replications. The results showed that 20% concentration of temulawak rhizome extract can suppress Cyperus rotundus. Increasing concentration of temulawak rhizome extract up to 60% suppress growth of Cyperus rotundus. Temulawak rhizome extract significantly inhibited germination of soybeans at concentration of 60%.

Aplikasi Berbagai Bahan ZPT Alami untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Bibit Kemiri Sunan (Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw) Fitri Kurniati; Tini Sudartini; Dikdik Hidayat
Jurnal Agro Vol 4, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Jurusan Agroteknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/1307

Candlenut cv. Sunan is alternative biofuels plant also as raw of many industrial products. Its hard pulp seed becomes barrier of germination. This condition can be overcome by giving natural plant growth regulators (PGRs), i,e shallot as auxin source, bamboo shoot as gibberellin source, banana bulb and coconut water as sources of cytokinin. The research aim was knowing effect of various PGRs and their combinations to promote germination and growth of seedling candlenut cv Sunan. The research was done from June to October 2016, in experimental design of Randomized Block Design (RBD), consisted of : a0 : control (without PGRs); a1 : shallot (BM); a2 : bamboo shoot (RB); a3: banana bulb (BP); a4 : coconut water (AK); a5 : BM+ RB; a6 : BM + BP; a7 : BM + AK; a8 : RB+ BP; a9 : RB + AK; a10 : BP + AK; a11 : BM + RB + BP + AK, all repeated three times. The result showed that application of natural PGRs had significant effect on germination percentage, plant height on 30 days after planting (dap), 37 dap, 44 dap, and 51 dap, number of leaves 51 dap. Application of BP + AK gave the best effect on germination (97.78%), but no significant different with RB + BP; BM + RB + BP + AK. Application of BP + AK generated highest plant (13.57 cm). The best of the number of leaves was RB + AK (1.45 leaves). Overall application of natural PGRs from banana bulb + coconut water gave the best effect, besides bamboo shoot and shallot have opportunity to be developed.

Pengaruh Pemupukan N dan Frekuensi Pemangkasan Tajuk pada Aspek Agronomis dan Hasil Tanaman Ubi Jalar (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) var. Kretek Nur Edy Suminarti
Jurnal Agro Vol 3, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Jurusan Agroteknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/856

Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang pemupukan N dan frekuensi pemangkasan tajuk yang tepat pada tanaman ubi jalar (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.). penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Universitas Brawijaya, di Desa Jatikerto, Malang. Rancangan perlakuan yang digunakan adalah Petak Terbagi, dosis pupuk N ditempatkan pada petak utama, terdiri dari 4 taraf : (1) tanpa dipupuk N, (2) dipupuk 67,5 kg N ha-1, (3) dipupuk 135 kg N ha-1 dan (4) dipupuk 202,5 kg N ha-1. Pemangkasan tajuk ditempatkan pada anak petak, terdiri dari 4 macam : (1) tanpa dipangkas, (2) dipangkas 1 kali, (3) dipangkas 2 kali dan (4) dipangkas 3 kali. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara destruktif meliputi luas daun, masa luas daun, panjang umbi, diameter umbi, bobot umbi per tanaman dan indeks pembagian. Uji F taraf 5% digunakan untuk menguji pengaruh perlakuan, sedangkan perbedaan diantara perlakuan didasarkan pada nilai Duncan taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadi interaksi nyata pada luas daun, masa luas daun dan bobot umbi per tanaman. Luas daun dan masa luas daun tertinggi umumnya didapatkan pada pemupukan N dosis 202,5 kg N ha-1 dengan tanpa maupun dengan pemangkasan tajuk 1 kali. Bobot umbi per tanaman tertinggi didapatkan pada tanaman yang diberi pupuk N dengan dosis 135 kg N ha-1 dan pemangkasan tajuk 1 kali. A field reaserch that aimed to get the appropriate of N application and frequency of topping was conducted in the experimental field of Brawijaya University, located in Jatikerto village, Malang. The experimental treatments consist of four levels of N (0 ; 67.5 kg N ha-1, 135 kg N ha-1 and 202.5 kg N ha-1) and four levels frequency of topping (without topping, 1, 2, and 3 of topping). These treatments were arranged in a split plot design; N application in the main plot and frequency of topping in the subplot with three replications. Data was collected destructively including component of growth, component of yield and plant growth analysis. F test at 5% is used to determine the effect of treatments, while the average difference between treatments was referred to Duncan value at 5%. The result showed there were significantly interaction between N application and frequency of topping on component of growth and weight of tuber per plant. Combination of N application dosage 202.5 kg ha-1 and non or once topped had resulted the highest of leaf area and leaf area duration. While the highest of weight tuber per plant was obtained on N dosage 135 kg ha-1 and topping one times.

Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Jaringan Meristem Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) Kultivar Katumi Secara In Vitro Lamro Purba; Erni Suminar; Denny Sobardini; Wieny Rizky; Syariful Mubarok
Jurnal Agro Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Jurusan Agroteknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/1344

This study aimed for knowing and obtaining the best concentration of kinetin and NAA interaction effects in influencing the shoot induction, knowing how the plant growth regulators in induction mediastill affect the shoot additionin the MS0media and also knowing the largest number of roots in rooting media for shallot by in vitro. The experiment was conducted at Laboratory of Tissue Culture Seed Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University, during January 2011 until May 2011. This experiment divided in 3 stages, namely shoot induction stage, shoot subculture to MS0 media stage and shoot subculture to rooting media stage. Experimental method used in the shoot induction stage was factorial Completely Randomized Design with three replications. The first factor was the kinetin with four levels,0, 1, 2, and 3 mg L-1. The second factor was the NAA with three levels, as 0, 0.01, and 0.1 mg L-1. Basic media used for each treatment was MS. The experiment result showed there was an interaction between kinetin and NAA on shoot induction stagewith the plantlet height, leaf number, and shoot addition. The best result for leaf number was gained from interaction with 2 mg L-1 kinetin without NAA,while the treatment of 2 mg L-1 kinetin with 0.01 mg L-1 NAA gave a better interaction for theshoot addition variable.

Eksplorasi dan Karakterisasi Tanaman Genjer (Limnocharis flava (L.) Buch) di Kabupaten Pangandaran Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi dan Agronomi Liberty Chaidir; Kristi Yuliani; Budy Frasetya Taufik Qurrohman
Jurnal Agro Vol 3, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Jurusan Agroteknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/967

Genjer merupakan tanaman yang tumbuh liar di area persawahan, rawa, atau sungai yang keberadaannya sering dianggap sebagai gulma. Tanaman genjer memiliki banyak manfaat, diantaranya sebagai bahan penyerap logam berat dalam tanah dan sebagai obat yang memiliki banyak kandungan gizi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui variasi karakter morfologi dan karakter agronomi untuk mengetahui hubungan kekerabatan tanaman genjer antar daerah di Kabupaten Pangandaran. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Pangandaran pada Mei sampai Oktober 2015. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksplorasi purposive sampling pada 77 aksesi genjer yang diambil dari Kabupaten Pangandaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat keragaman fenotipik yang luas pada karakter morfologi ujung daun, warna batang, tekstur daun, warna daun, panjang lekukan bawah daun, warna kelopak bunga dan warna bunga. Karakter agronomi yang mempunyai keragaman yang luas ialah tinggi tanaman, jumlah batang per rumpun, panjang daun, lebar daun, jumlah daun, jumlah bunga dan diameter batang. Tanaman genjer di Kabupaten Pangandaran memiliki kekerabatan yang jauh dengan rentang jarak Euclidian 0,48 sampai 10,17. Aksesi yang memiliki hubungan kekerabatan paling jauh yaitu Ciakar (001) dengan jarak Euclidian 10,17, sedangkan yang memiliki hubungan kekerabatan paling dekat yaitu Cikalong (003) dan Cikalong (004) dengan jarak Euclidian 0,48. Genjer or Yellow velvetleaf is a plant that grows wild in lowland area, swamp or river which existence is considered as a weed. Genjer has a lot of benefits, such as material absorbent for heavy metals in the soil and medicine that has a lot of nutrition. This study aimed to determine the variety of morphological and agronomic characters of Genjer in Pangandaran Regency and to determine the genetic relationship of genjer between regions in Pangandaran. The research was conducted in the Pangandaran Regency on May to October 2015. The method used purposive sampling exploration method in 77 accession genjer collected from Pangandaran Regency. The results showed there were extensively phenotypic variation in tip of leaf, stem color, leaf texture, leaf color, length curve of bottom leaf, petal color and flower color. While agronomic characters for plant height, stem amount, leaf length, leaf width, leaf amount, flower amount and diameter of the stem had wide variation. Relationship between genjer in Pangandaran Regency had Euclidean distance with a range of 0.48 to 10.17. The accession which had the farthest distance was Ciakar (001) with Euclidean distance of 10.17, while those with the closest relationship were Cikalong (003) and Cikalong (004) with Euclidean distance of 0.48.

Keragaan Hama, Penyakit, dan Musuh Alami pada Budidaya Padi Organik Dini Yuliani; Sudir Sudir
Jurnal Agro Vol 4, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Jurusan Agroteknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/1335

Organic rice cultivation intents to minimize the use of inorganic fertilizers and chemical pesticides, but in fact not apart from the disruption of pests and diseases. The study aimed to determine the pests, diseases, and natural enemies on organic rice cultivation. The research was conducted at Screen Field of ICRR at WS 2015/2016 and DS 2016, using Split Plot research design with three replications. The main plot was varieties of: 1). Inpari 25, 2). Inpari 33, and 3). Sintanur. The sub-plot was application of leaf extract of: 1). Mindi, 2). Soursop, 3). Mahogany, and 4). Control. Applications were performed on 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks after planting (WAP). Observations of pests, diseases, and natural enemies on 5, 7, 9, and 11 WAP as many as 20 clumps/plots. The results showed that varieties and leaf extract applications significantly affected on severity of stem rot disease at 5 and 7 WAP in WS 2015/2016. In the rainy season found Yellowing on Inpari 25 and Inpari 33 varieties. However, Sintanur was more resistant to Yellowing with LCC value on two growing seasons was highest compared to the other varieties. Sintanur had the lowest Cercospora Leaf Spot disease severity compared to the other varieties. The severity of disease generally increased with the age of rice increase, while the pest population density and natural enemies were fluctuate. The density of the pest was quite high in the control plot, while the natural enemy density was high enough in the application plots of Mindi, Mahogany, and Soursop extracts.

Pengendalian Alternatif Hama Serangga Sayuran dengan Menggunakan Perangkap Kertas Lukmanul Hakim; Erdi Surya; Abdul Muis
Jurnal Agro Vol 3, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Jurusan Agroteknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/860

Sayuran merupakan bahan pangan yang sangat dibutuhkan manusia karena mengandung serat dan sejumlah vitamin dan mineral. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat akan sayuran banyak kendala yang dihadapi petani, salah satunya adalah gangguan hama serangga. Untuk mengendalikan hama serangga telah banyak pula cara yang dilakukan oleh petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji model perangkap serangga yang terbuat dari media kertas dan lampu warna. Warna yang dicobakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari merah, kuning, dan hijau. Penelitian ini telah dilakukan dari bulan Juli sampai dengan Agustus 2016 di kebun percobaan Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Pembangunan Pertanian (SMKPP), Kecamatan Lembah Seulawah, Kabupaten Aceh Besar, Provinsi Aceh. Objek penelitian adalah tanaman jagung. Metode penelitian menggunakan RCBD dengan 3 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Variabel pengamatan populasi serangga yang terperangkap pada media kertas dan lampu warna. Hasil penelitian menujukkan tangkapan serangga tertinggi pada kertas dan lampu warna kuning, kemudian diikuti kertas dan lampu warna hijau dan merah. This study aimed to test the two models of trap insect, which were made from trapping paper media and colored light. The tested colors are red, yellow, and green, while the colors of light consist of red, yellow, and green. This study conducted from July to August 2016 at the experimental field of "Hight School Vocational Agricultural Development” Seulawah Valley Districts, Large Districts of Aceh, Aceh Province using the corn crop as the object. The research method approached in Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with 3 treatments and 4 replications. The variable observation was insect populations trapped on paper media and colored light. The result showed that the highest insect population was on paper and yellow color light, the medium population was on the green paper, and the lowest population encountered on red paper.

Penampilan Agronomis dan Pendugaan Parameter Genetik 100 Galur Padi Generasi Lanjut pada Kondisi Cekaman Kekeringan Wage Ratna Rohaeni; Untung Susanto
Jurnal Agro Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Jurusan Agroteknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/1562

The condition of rice field without any irrigation is one of the problems in the rainfed land. This rice field only relies on the existence of water during the rainy day. This causes the limitation of water availability which affect plant growth. This study aimed to know the performance of the rice advance lines, estimated the value of genetic parameters and obtains the best line on drought condition. As many as 100 advance lines (> F8) for drought tolerant were tested using Augmented Design in five blocks. A total of six-check varieties were included in the experiment. The research was conducted at Dry Season of 2015 in ICRR-Sukamandi Experimental Field. The result showed that on the drought condition gained the average value for plant height as 103,44 cm, number of productive tillers as 12 tillers, percentage of filling pine grains reached 60,46%, leaf color index as 39,37, and weight of 1.000 grains averaged as 26,34 g, while weight grain per 5 clumps as 166,34 g. Yield trait was converted to hectares as 3,77 t ha-1 in drought conidition. Almost all characters had wide variability, high heritability values and high percentage of expected genetic advance except the number of filling grains per panicle trait. Lines BP17572c-SBY-1-CRB-2-SKI-1-3-PWK-2, ZX115-SKI-0-IND-2-SKI-1-PWK-2, BP30104e, BP17572c-SBY-1-CRB-2 -SKI-1-4-PWK-2, and BP17554-1c-SBY-1-CRB-8-SKI-1-6-PWK-2 provided the best performance with higher yield potential than the best check i.e. Inpari 13. There are ten promising lines which can be continued to the preliminary test for the assembly of rainfed rice varieties

Manajemen Pemupukan N-P-K dengan Pupuk Hayati untuk Mempertahankan Kandungan N dan P Tanah serta Hasil Kedelai Emma Trinurani Sofyan; Stefina Liana Sari
Jurnal Agro Vol 4, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Jurusan Agroteknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/1201

One effort to increase the productivity of soybeans in Inceptisols Jatinangor is through utilize inoculant of soil microorganisms such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in the form of specific biofertilizer (SB) for soybean plant without leaving inorganic fertilizer as a source of available nutrients to plants. This research aimed to determine fertilization management of N-P-K and specific biofertilizer in retaining N and P availability and yield of soybean. The Research was conducted from April to July 2016, arranged in Simple Randomized Block Design (RBD) and consisted of 10 treatments. The combination of biofertilizer and N-P-K were as follows; A = control (without fertilizer), B = Standard N-P-K, C = 0 N-P-K + 1 SB , D = 1/4 N-P-K + 1 SB, E = 1/2 N-P-K + 1 SB, F = 3/4 N-P-K + 1 SB, G = 1 N-P-K + 1 SB, H = 3/4 + 1/4 SB, I = 3/4 N-P-K + 1/2 SB dan J = 3/4 N-P-K + 3/4 SB. The results showed a dose of N-P-K and biofertilizer was recommended in the treatment E (250 kg ha-1 SB) and 1/2 N-P-K (37.5-50-50 kg ha-1). The dose was able to increase nitrogen and phosphor content in soil and plant, also on yield of soybean up to 0.4 t ha-1 or 32% of a standard N-P-K.

Kerentanan dan Kerusakan Beras terhadap Serangan Hama Pascapanen Sitophilus zeamais L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Hendrival Hendrival; Eva Mayasari
Jurnal Agro Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Jurusan Agroteknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/1616

Damage on rice during storage including damage on quantity and quality is caused by Sitophilus zeamais. The study aim was to evaluate the susceptibility and damage of rice from various rice varieties to the attacks of S. zeamais. Types of rice used in the research were varieties of IR64, IR65, IR66, Ciherang, Mekongga, Rojolele, and Sintanur. The method was with no-choice assay with observed variables were F1 progeny number, the median of development time and rice damage. The results showed that the rice type had different levels on susceptibility to S. zeamais. Rice from IR65, Mekongga, Rojolele, and Sintanur varieties were classified as moderate to susceptible varieties, while IR64 and IR66 were classified as moderate varieties and Ciherang was classified as susceptible variety. A high rice damage occured in the type of rice classified of susceptible to S. zeamais. There was a significant negative correlation between susceptibility index of rice with dimensions of rice width (r = -0.75*, P <0.05) and median of development time of S. zeamais (r = -0.78*, P <0.05) and positive correlation with number of F1 S. zeamais (r = 0.86**, P <0.01) and the percentage of rice powder (r = 0.71**, P <0.01). Rice that is easily attacked by postharvest pest insects should not be stored for long period of time.

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