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ATAVISME JURNAL ILMIAH KAJIAN SASTRA
Published by Balai Bahasa Jawa Timur
ISSN : 1410900X     EISSN : 25035215     DOI : 10.24257
Core Subject : Education,
Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media
Atavisme adalah jurnal yang bertujuan mempublikasikan hasil- hasil penelitian sastra, baik sastra Indonesia, sastra daerah maupun sastra asing. Seluruh artikel yang terbit telah melewati proses penelaahan oleh mitra bestari dan penyuntingan oleh redaksi pelaksana. Atavisme diterbitkan oleh Balai Bahasa Provinsi Jawa Timur. Terbit dua kali dalam satu tahun, pada bulan Juni dan Desember.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Bahasa dan Linguistik
Articles 269 Documents
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TELAAH ESTETIKA DALAM NOVEL NAYLA KARYA DJENAR MAESA AYU Sugiarti, Sugiarti
ATAVISME Vol 12, No 1 (2009): ATAVISME, Edisi Juni 2009
Publisher : Balai Bahasa Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (64.711 KB) | DOI: 10.24257/atavisme.v12i1.158.65-76

Abstract

Sebuah karya sastra adalah produk kreativitas seorang pengarang dalam memandang kehidupan dan lingkungan sosial ketika karya tersebut diperkenalkan. Dalam proses kreatifnya, seorang pengarang melakukan kerja keras dan serius dalam berbagai dimensi kehidupan dengan realisasi estetiknya dan berujung pada proses imajinatif, kontemplatif, reaktif, reflektif, dan refraktif. Ini dilakukan untuk merepresentasikan karya-karya sastra pengarang. Oleh karena itu, estetika diinternalisasikan ke dalam karya-karya sastra beserta genrenya. Masalah estetika sastra adalah aspek menarik untuk diteliti karena mewarisi gagasan kontemporer mengenai simbol dan pengalaman estetik dengan sifat uniknya. Dalam perjalanan kontemplasinya, seorang pengarang terkadang dihadapkan pada sebuah kontradiksi antara konvensi dan kreasi yang membuat pembacanya terkejut. Fenomena yang hampir sama terjadi dalam novel berjudul Nayla karya Djenar Maesa Ayu. Dalam novel ini, pengarang memiliki semacam kesensitifan untuk menghadapi sebuah objek dan kemampuan untuk menyerap makna keindahan. Keindahan tersebut ditata dengan menghubungkan sifat subjek dan objek melalui keterampilan dalam menata dan mengombinasikan bahasa. Itulah cara bagaimana seorang pengarang bekerja dalam koridor estetika untuk mengekspos konflik, perjuangan, dan dominasi dalam teks sastra. Abstract: A literary work is an author creativity product in seeing life and social environment in the time when the work is introduced. In his creative process, an author performs a hard and serious work on various life dimensions with their esthetic realization that ends in the imaginative, contemplative, reactive, reflective, and refractive process. This is done to represent the author?s literary works. Therefore, esthetics is internalized in the literary works along with their genres. The issues on esthetics in literature are interesting aspects to investigate since they inherit contemporary ideas pertaining to symbols and esthetic experience with its unique features. In his journey of contemplation, an author is sometimes confronted with a contradiction between convention and creation that makes the readers get surprised. Almost similar phenomenon takes place in the novel entitling Nayla written by Djenar Maesa Ayu. In this novel, the author has a kind of sensitivity to face an object and ability to absorb the sense of beauty. The beauty is arranged by relating the nature of subject and object through the skills in arranging and combining languages. That is the way how an author works in esthetic corridor to expose conflicts, struggles, and domination in literary texts. Keywords: creative process, esthetics, reality of subject and object
MANDALA DALAM KESASTRAAN LAMA SEBUAH REFLEKSI KREASI TRADISI Purnomo, S. Bambang
ATAVISME Vol 11, No 2 (2008): ATAVISME, EDISI DESEMBER 2008
Publisher : Balai Bahasa Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (6359.515 KB) | DOI: 10.24257/atavisme.v11i2.331.13-24

Abstract

Several cultural-religions (i.e. Hindu, Buddha, and than Islam) have influenced the Nusantara's writing traditions for along time. It can be realized in any literary-work that have appeared in this archipelago. There is the Mandala-literary aspect that it existence through has had influence to the manuscript traditions for along time ago. In Javanese-culture, those aspects are so influential in the oral-traditions and any architecture-arts To understand the quality and potential of cultural values available in the texts of Old Javanese Literary work that serve invaluable contributions to the history on nation's culture and humanity, the following study is meant to find out a representative literary text to be analyzed so that it is possible to reveal its philosopical and didactic values. The findings of study, using several approaches mentioned above, are a set of cultural values that have some close relationships with the system of poetica, the system of morality, or character building. This aspect can be classified as philosopical-didactic aspect of the classical Javanese literary text that is hypothetically useful for human being's life and living.
ETNOGRAFI SASTRA USING: RUANG NEGOSIASI DAN PERTARUNGAN IDENTITAS Anoegrajekti, Novi
ATAVISME Vol 13, No 2 (2010): ATAVISME, Edisi Desember 2010
Publisher : Balai Bahasa Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (195.431 KB) | DOI: 10.24257/atavisme.v13i2.125.137-148

Abstract

Kajian ini menekankan bagaimana komunitas Using memandang, menyikapi, dan mensiasati sastra sebagai ungkapan identitas diri dan persentuhannya dengan kekuatan-kekuatan lain, terutama modernisasi, agama, dan kebijakan negara. Hal ini tampak terlihat pada teks lakon Jinggoan, syair-syair dalam pertunjukan Gandrung, dan basanan wangsalan dalam Warung Bathokan sebagai bentuk resistensi dan representasi identitas Using. Perlawanan terhadap berbagai ancaman, baik yang bersifat fisik maupun pencitraan negatif berulang kali terjadi dalam kesejarahan masyarakat Using. Konsep yang membangun hegemoni adalah budaya dominan (yang sedang berkuasa), budaya residual (unsur budaya yang tersisa dari masa lalu), dan budaya emegrent (unsur budaya yang baru muncul). Dalam analisis etnografis, metode interpretasi dipergunakan untuk mengakses lebih dalam terhadap berbagai domain yang dialamiahkan dan aktivitas karakteristik pelaku budaya yang diteliti. Abstract: This study emphasizes on how Using community view, respond, and anticipate literature as an expression of self identity and relation with other forces, especially modernization, religion and state policy. This can be seen on Jinggoan stories, poems, and basanan Gandrung wangsalan in Warung Bathokan as a form of resistance and the representation of Using identity. Resistance against various threats, both physical and negative imagery occur repeatedly in Using history. The concept that builds hegemony is the dominant culture (which is in power), the residual culture (cultural elements remaining from the past) and culture emegrent (newly emerging cultural elements). In the ethnographic analysis, interpretation method is used to access more of the various domains in which characteristics of perpetrators of cultural activities is being investigated. Key Words: Using literature, resistance, contestation, negotiation, identity
PERKEMBANGAN TEMA PUISI-PUISI PENYAIR BANGKALAN: KAJIAN SEJARAH SASTRA Muhri, Muhri
ATAVISME Vol 20, No 2 (2017): ATAVISME
Publisher : Balai Bahasa Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (650.413 KB) | DOI: 10.24257/atavisme.v20i2.305.168-180

Abstract

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengklasifikasi penyair bangkalan menjadi generasi-generasi dan kecenderungan tema pada masing-masing generasi. Teori yang mendasari teori-teori yang mempengaruhi subdisiplin sejarah sastra terutama teori-teori dengan paradigma dekonstruktif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara tokoh dan studi terhadap pustaka, yaitu karya-karya penyair Bangkalan. Dari analisis, generasi penyair Bangkalan dibagi menjadi empat generasi berdasarkan tradisi dan kesamaan minat yang termanifestasi dalam organisasi atau forum tempat penyair berkumpul. Generasi pertama pada Dewan Kesenian Bangkalan (DKB), generasi kedua terkumpul dalam Komunitas Tera? Bulan, generasi ketiga berasal dari Komunitas Teater Kampus, dan generasi keempat dalam komunitas masyarakat lumpur dan Komunitas Bawah Arus. Tema metafisik dan sosial adalah tema dominan dalam generasi awal, tema cinta libidinal merupakan tema yang cenderung muncul pada generasi kedua, tema lokal dan liris cenderung muncul pada generasi ketiga dan keempat.
“KONDISI POSTMODERN KESUSASTRAAN INDONESIA”: SEBUAH LAPORAN SEJARAH SASTRA INDONESIA Tjahyadi, Indra
ATAVISME Vol 13, No 1 (2010): ATAVISME, Edisi Juni 2010
Publisher : Balai Bahasa Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1792.002 KB) | DOI: 10.24257/atavisme.v13i1.149.127-130

Abstract

Judul Buku : Kondisi Postmodern Kesusastraan Indonesia. Penulis : Ribut Wijoto. Penerbit : Dewan Kesenian Jawa Timur. Tahun Terbit : November, 2009. Jumlah Halaman : 278 halaman.
MAX HAVELAAR DAN CITRA ANTIKOLONIAL: SEBUAH TINJAUAN POSKOLONIAL Dewi, Christina
ATAVISME Vol 11, No 1 (2008): ATAVISME, EDISI JUNI 2008
Publisher : Balai Bahasa Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (7478.224 KB) | DOI: 10.24257/atavisme.v11i1.322.23-38

Abstract

Max Havelaar is a literary work by Multatuli, a.k.a. E.E. Douwes Dekker. This novel is usually known as a novel with an anti-colonial image. While in the other hand, this novel never suggests to stop colonialism done by Dutch in Hindia Belanda. This research aims at revealing the relationship between colonialism's views with its innovation of narrative technique in this novel. The first analysis is trying to do a focalization on MH. The writer wants to do it because MH presents an argument about the essence of colonialism in Hindia Belanda through opinions and views from three focalizations. MH uniquely uses three focalizers and its uniqueness is shown by Stern as a narrator-fokalizer in the Lebak Episode. Although Stern is one of the characters in the novel, it gives the impression that Stern is in a neutral position. He takes place in the middle-position between the two other character-focalizers. However, since he is one of the characters in this novel, his focalization is not perfectly neutral in the manner of inviting the readers to support the attitude of Multatuli, Readers are confronted to make a choice between the war of anticolonial or procolonial interests and to support either one of the two character-fokulizers : Multatuli or Droogstoppcl. The orientalism theory has been applied to conduct focalization in the novel as the research object.. The novel characterizes Multatuli and Stern as opposing figures against the forced labor while Droogstoppcl, on the other hand, as a figure who is supporting forced labor of the coffee trade. MH strove for labors to earn proper wages so that the issue about the procedures of cultuur-stelsel has a special place in MH. Anti-colonial traits are shown by a rejection of low wages, oppression, robbery, injustice, mistreating, and discrimination. This novel is influencing the colonial hegemony of the competition of industrial products among colonized countries in Europe in the 19th century. That is why liberation values in MH restricted only to the liberation of the labor class from capitalists and people from low-classes from tyrants. This novel does not discuss political liberation
PERBANDINGAN ANTOLOGI CERPEN BATU-BATU SETAN KARYA M. FUDOLI ZAINI DAN LUKISAN KALIGRAFI KARYA A. MUSTOFA BISRI Mashuri, Mashuri
ATAVISME Vol 18, No 2 (2015): ATAVISME, Edisi Desember 2015
Publisher : Balai Bahasa Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (227.994 KB) | DOI: 10.24257/atavisme.v18i2.111.143-157

Abstract

Tulisan ini mengkaji konstruksi dunia dan nalar santri dalam prosa karya kiai pesantren, yaitu Batu-Batu Setan karya M. Fudoli Zaini dan Lukisan Kaligrafi karya A. Mustofa Bisri. Teori yang digunakan adalah strukturalisme dan hermeneutik, dengan menggunakan metode bandingan. Dari kajian perbandingan didapatkan pola sistemik pada posisi pengarang sebagai agen dalam ranah produksi kultural. Pola-pola sistemik yang menggambarkan konstruksi dan nalar santri yang bersifat universal dan parsial dengan bersandar pada konsep oposisi biner: sintagmatik dan paradigmatik, dapat dirumuskan dari perbandingan kedua kumpulan cerpen tersebut. Dari kajian tentang karya dua kiai itu, biografi mereka, dan perbandingan antara keduanya terkonstruksikan dunia dan nalar santri. Nalar santri inilah yang menjadi pola berpikir dan cara melihat dari kalangan pesantren di dalam karya dan ?kehidupan??nya. Abstract: This research aims to describe the construction of santri?s sense and the world in short stories written by two kiai, M. Fudoli Zaini?s Batu-Batu Setan and A. Mustofa Bisri?s Lukisan Kaligrafi. To analyze the comparativeness, structuralism and hermeneutics theory is used to describe the problem. We can see that there is a systemic pattern of the writers as an agent in a cultural production environment. Those systemic patterns show the universalities and partialities of santri?s construction and sense according to binary opposition concept, namely syntagmatic and paradigmatic. The differences among the two anthologies, seen from their short stories and biography are constructed by the world and sense of the santri. From their short stories and we can see how the santri think and see using their sense and the world. Key Words: construction of world; santri?s sense; comparative literature
REPRESENTASI PRIBUMI DALAM NJAI DASIMA VERSI TH. MANUSAMA Sungkowati, Yulitin
ATAVISME Vol 10, No 1 (2007): ATAVISME, EDISI JUNI 2007
Publisher : Balai Bahasa Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (5716.725 KB) | DOI: 10.24257/atavisme.v10i1.229.31-45

Abstract

Nyai Dasima story accurately reflects some problems deal with the politics of identity and the complexity of relation between colonized. The politics of identity strategy which is implemented by colonizers could be traced in literary works. Th. Manusama Njai Dasima that is written in colonial era reflects its strategy in the representation of pribumi or 'native' as a villainous and greedy character. Claiming for Islamic value, the native is portrayed as a bandit who greedily holds up the white's wealth. The natives are also depicted easily killing each other merely due to material goods. In order to influence the readers, colonizers strive to destroy the native reputation and Islamic value. As a part of colonialist, Th. Manusama, as a part of the colonizer, has an intention to enhance the hegemonic colonial power by represents that the natives voluntarily accept colonial power by represents that the natives voluntarily accept colonialism.
WACANA EKONOMI KREATIF (REFLEKSI SASTRA LISAN DAN TULIS DI BALI) Suardiana, I Wayan
ATAVISME Vol 14, No 2 (2011): ATAVISME, Edisi Desember 2011
Publisher : Balai Bahasa Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24257/atavisme.v14i2.69.204-213

Abstract

Wacana ekonomi kreatif sebagai salah satu kearifan lokal belakangan muncul sebagai jargon pemerintah untuk mengajak masyarakat luas agar senantiasa menggali potensi diri khususnya di bidang perekonomian. Wacana ini muncul setelah bangsa Indonesia didera krisis sejak tahun 1998 lalu. Untuk itu, menata kearifan lokal (khususnya di bidang perekonomian) se-Nusantara sangatlah mendesak untuk dilakukan! Konteks Bali, salah satu wacana ekonomi kreatif sebagai peradaban leluhur yang dapat disumbangkan demi menjaga martabat bangsa adalah konsep berbisnis yang elegan dan mengelola keuangan yang rasional. Konsep berbisnis masyarakat Bali dikenal dengan istilah nyraki, yakni menjalankan roda perekonomian dengan mengelola modal mulai dari kecil dengan harapan menjadi besar. Konsep mengelola keuangan yang dimaksudkan di sini, lebih berorientasi pada logika matematis untuk menata keuangan agar dapat menyeimbangkan antara pendapatan dan pengeluaran sehingga mampu menyisihkan uang untuk ditabung demi hari esok. Abstract: Creative economy discourse as one of local wisdoms appears as a government jargon to invite wide society to always dig self potency especially in the field of economy. This discourse appearred after Indonesia society had suffered from crisis since 1998 ago. For this reason, to arrange local wisdom (especially in the field of economy) to entire Nusantara is so urgent to be done. In the Balinese context, one of creative economy discourse as ancestor civilization that can be donated for the sake of maintaining nation status is elegant business concept and rational financial management. The concept of Balinese society basis is recognized as nyraki, namely to run economic cycle by managing capital from small business with the hope to get bigger. Meanwhile, the intended concept of financial management here orients more on logical mathematic to manage finance in order to be able to balance revenue and cost so it is able to save the money for the next day. Key Words: local colour, creative economy, nyraki, and financial management
KEPEDULIAN LINGKUNGAN DALAM JAMANGILAK TAK PERNAH MENANGIS Septiningsih, Lustantini
ATAVISME Vol 18, No 1 (2015): ATAVISME, Edisi Juni 2015
Publisher : Balai Bahasa Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24257/atavisme.v18i1.33.63-74

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan kepedulian lingkungan dalam novel Jamangilak Tak Pernah Menangis karya Martin Aleida. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif, yaitu penelitian dilakukan atas dasar fakta yang ada sehingga pemerian yang dikemukakan sesuai dengan fakta. Untuk mengetahui kepedulian terhadap lingkungan yang terdapat dalam novel Jamangilak Tak Pernah Menangis digunakan pendekatan sosiologi sastra, yaitu bentuk penelaahan sastra yang mempertimbangkan unsur sosial atau kemasyarakatan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kepedulian yang dilakukan oleh tokoh Molek meliputi kepedulian terhadap sungai, kepedulian terhadap Danau Toba, dan kepedulian terhadap moral. Kepedulian Molek tersebut didasari oleh tidak adanya tindakan pemerintah dalam melihat daerah yang mengalami pendangkalan sungai serta adanya polusi air dan udara dari limbah pabrik bubur kayu. Kepeduliannya terhadap moral didasari oleh tanggung jawab Molek sebagai ibu yang selalu menanamkan ajaran agama dan nilai kehidupan yang berlaku dalam masyarakat dalam mendidik anaknya. Abstract: This research aims to describe environmental awareness in novel Jamangilak Tak Pernah Menangis by Martin Aleida. The method used in this research is descriptive method; the research was conducted based on fact so that the description presented was consistent with the fact. To identify the awareness on environmental issues in Jamangilak Tak Pernah Menangis, the researcher used the sociology of literature approach which is a form of literary study considering society factor. The result of this research shows careness which conducted by Molek?s figure includes careness of river, careness of lake Toba, and careness of moral. Those careness based on none of government?s action to views the area affected by river depth of air and water pollution from the industrial wood pulp. The careness of moral based on her responsibility as a mother who always instilled religion and the value of life which applicable in society in educating her child. Key Words: concern; environment; nature factor; human factor

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