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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology
Published by Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
ISSN : 25278045     EISSN : 25281410     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Social,
Computer Science & IT Environmental Science
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 206 Documents
 1   2   3   4   5 
High-temperature Oxidation of Fe-Cr Steels in Steam Condition – A Review Tedi Kurniawan; Farah Alia Binti Fauzi; Yuli Panca Asmara
Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology Vol 1, No 1 (2016): IJoST: VOLUME 1, ISSUE 1, April 2016
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijost.v1i1.2217

Abstract

The development of supercritical (SC) and ultra-supercritical (USC) power plants requires materials with better corrosion properties. Deep understanding on the oxidation mechanism in the boiler environment is one of the important factors to support this development. In this work, high temperature oxidation of Fe-Cr steels in steam condition is reviewed.  Several mechanisms that explain the effect of water vapor in the oxidation behavior the steel were presented.
Comparison Air Temperature under Global Climate Change Issue in Gifu city and Ogaki city, Japan Ali Rahmat; Abdul Mutolib
Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology Vol 1, No 1 (2016): IJoST: VOLUME 1, ISSUE 1, April 2016
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijost.v1i1.2212

Abstract

Increases in air temperature indicate a global climate change. Thus, information in the change of temperature regional scale is important to support global data. The present research was conducted in Gifu city and Ogaki city located in Gifu prefecture, Japan. The results showed that, average air temperatures in both cities are quite similar with a difference value of under 1oC. Maximum air temperature in Gifu city is significantly higher than Ogaki city, whereas minimum air temperature in Gifu city is significantly lower than in Ogaki city. Daily range of air temperature in Gifu city significantly higher than in Ogaki city. In both cities, air temperature relatively increased in three decades. This is because of different in land characteristics in both cities.
Artificial Neural Network Approach to Predict Biodiesel Production in Supercritical tert-Butyl Methyl Ether Obie Farobie; Nur Hasanah
Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology Vol 1, No 1 (2016): IJoST: VOLUME 1, ISSUE 1, April 2016
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijost.v1i1.2218

Abstract

In this study, for the first time artificial neural network was used to predict biodiesel yield in supercritical tert-butyl methyl ether (MTBE). The experimental data of biodiesel yield conducted by varying four input factors (i.e. temperature, pressure, oil-to-MTBE molar ratio, and reaction time) were used to elucidate artificial neural network model in order to predict biodiesel yield. The main goal of this study was to assess how accurately this artificial neural network model to predict biodiesel yield conducted under supercritical MTBE condition. The result shows that artificial neural network is a powerful tool for modeling and predicting biodiesel yield conducted under supercritical MTBE condition that was proven by a high value of coefficient of determination (R) of 0.9969, 0.9899, and 0.9658 for training, validation, and testing, respectively. Using this approach, the highest biodiesel yield was determined of 0.93 mol/mol (corresponding to the actual biodiesel yield of 0.94 mol/mol) that was achieved at 400 °C, under the reactor pressure of 10 MPa, oil-to-MTBE molar ratio of 1:40 within 15 min of reaction time.
Kinetic and Thermodynamics Studies the Adsorption of Phenol on Activated Carbon from Rice Husk Activated by ZnCl2 Andi Muhammad Anshar; Paulina Taba; Indah Raya
Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology Vol 1, No 1 (2016): IJoST: VOLUME 1, ISSUE 1, April 2016
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijost.v1i1.2213

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the adsorption ability of activated carbon from rice husk in adsorbing phenol. Activated carbon used was in this studies burning risk husk at 300 and 400oC and then activated by 10% of ZnCl2. The from activated carbon was characterized using an Infrared Spectrometer, an X-ray diffraction, an Scanning Electron Microscope, and a gas sorption analyzer. The best activated carbon for adsorbing phenol was the activated carbon that prodused from the burning of rice husk at a temperature 400oC and activated with 10% of ZnCl2 for 24 hours. Adsorption capacity of the best activated carbon was 3.9370 mg/g adsorbent with Gibbs free energy of -25.493 kJ/mol.
Use of Process Simulation for Plant Debottlenecking Zulfan Adi Putra
Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology Vol 1, No 1 (2016): IJoST: VOLUME 1, ISSUE 1, April 2016
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijost.v1i1.2220

Abstract

This paper was aimed to illustrate the use of process simulation tools to find bottlenecks in a chemical plant. In practice, finding the first bottleneck of a plant is simply by increasing the capacity. However, two questions remain, e.g. what would the next bottleneck be and how big the first bottleneck needs to be expanded until the next bottleneck is reached. These questions can be repeated until eventually the whole equipment in the plant needs to be debottlenecked. Since it is impossible to answer the above questions in practice, a process simulation approach is utilized. Relevant equipment data and a validated thermodynamic model are used to build such a model. Plant performance trials are taken into account to estimate practical parameters such as fouling coefficients and plate tightness. This work requires strong interactions between operational people, consistent data gathering, and process simulation skill. The approach used in this work has shown that a reasonably accurate model can be built. The result has shown that the model can identify the first bottleneck as confirmed on the field. Sequence of bottlenecks and their corresponding increment of capacity increase have also been identified. The simulation results also illustrate the use of process simulation for plant debottlenecking.
Sludge Dewatering Process Control Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Partial Least Square (PLS) Grace Pebriyanti; Renjie Zhu; Adelhard Beni Rehiara
Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology Vol 1, No 1 (2016): IJoST: VOLUME 1, ISSUE 1, April 2016
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijost.v1i1.2214

Abstract

The process control in the sludge dewatering process is to minimalize the water volume in the sludge. However, management of this process control is difficult because of its multi-variables, nonlinearity and long delay. In this paper, a control approach based on the principal component analysis (PCA) is presented. A PCA model, which incorporates time lagged variables is used. The control objective is expressed in the score space of this PCA model. A controller is designed in the model predictive control framework, and it is used to control the equivalent score space representation of the process. The score predictive model for the model predictive control algorithm is built using a partial least squares (PLS). The process control system with PLS was simulated on Matlab and the graphs showed good accuracy and stability.
Review: Agricultural Wastes as a Source of Silica Material Permatasari, Novie; Dani Nandiyanto, Asep Bayu; Sucahya, Transmissia Noviska
Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology Vol 1, No 1 (2016): IJoST: Volume 1, Issue 1, 2016
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijost.v1i1.2216

Abstract

Silica is the most abundant components in the earths crust and is made by way of synthesis for use in the application of technology. Silica are generally found commercially as alkoxysilane compounds (i.e such as tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS), sodium silicate, and tetramethylorthosilicat). However, these compounds can have a negative impact on health. Thus, further approaches to find the source of silica that is safer, cheaper, and more environmentally friendly is inevitable. However, not all summary journals are thoroughly discussed the silica sources. Further, method of isolation and application of the silica from agricultural waste is limited. This paper reported studied several sources of silica derived from agricultural waste, such as rice husk, rice straw, corn cobs, and bagasse. In addition, this paper discussed also about the method of isolation of silica from agricultural waste, and its application as a catalyst.
Fabrication of Biomembrane from Banana Stem for Lead Removal Afianti Sulastri; Lena Rahmidar
Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology Vol 1, No 1 (2016): IJoST: VOLUME 1, ISSUE 1, April 2016
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijost.v1i1.2335

Abstract

Heavy metal (i.e. lead (Pb)) is one of the environmental issues recently due to its danger for human health. Therefore, strategy for removing Pb from waste water treatment is important. One of the prospective methods to remove Pb is membrane biofilter. Here, the purpose of this study was to prepare the membrane biofilter for Pb removal process. In this study, membrane biofilter was produced from banana stem. Banana stem was selected because of its abundant availability   in Indonesia. And, for somewhat, this banana stem can be environmental problems (become waste) since Indonesia is one of the top producers in the world. In short of the experimental procedure, we conducted three steps of experiments: (1) Preparation of microbial cellulose using Acetobacter xylinum using banana stem for a main source; (2) Synthesis of cellulose acetate; and (3) Preparation of biomembrane from obtained cellulose acetate. To produce membrane biofilter, the cellulose acetate was dissolved into dichloromethane to form a dope solution. Then, the doped solution was printed in Petri dish. Some biomembrane properties were characterized for identification, i.e. infrared spectra, electron microscope, and elemental analysis. Experimental results showed that we succeeded to prepare biomembrane with a pore size of 5 μm. The filtration efficiency of our prepared membrane was 93.7% of Pb when using Pb with a concentration of 10 ppm.
A novel In-situ Enzymatic Cleaning Method for Reducing Membrane Fouling in Membrane Bioreactors (MBRs) M. R. Bilad; M. Baten; A. Pollet; C. Courtin; J. Wouters; T. Verbiest; Ivo F J. Vankelecom
Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology Vol 1, No 1 (2016): IJoST: VOLUME 1, ISSUE 1, April 2016
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijost.v1i1.2211

Abstract

A novel in-situ enzymatic cleaning method was developed for fouling control in membrane bioreactors (MBRs). It is achieved by bringing the required enzymes near the membrane surface by pulling the enzymes to a magnetic membrane (MM) surface by means of magnetic forces, exactly where the cleaning is required. To achieve this, the enzyme was coupled to a magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) and the membrane it self was loaded with MNP. The magnetic activity was turned by means of an external permanent magnet. The effectiveness of concept was tested in a submerged membrane filtration using the model enzyme-substrate of Bacillus subitilis xylanase-arabinoxylan. The MM had almost similar properties compared to the unloaded ones, except for its well distributed MNPs. The enzyme was stable during coupling conditions and the presence of coupling could be detected using a high-performance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC) analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The system facilitated an in-situ enzymatic cleaning and could be effectively applied for control fouling in membrane bioreactors (MBRs).
Project for Offshore Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) for Pipeline Crossing in Bukit Tua, Indonesia Yusuf Sofyan
Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology Vol 1, No 2 (2016): IJoST: VOLUME 1, ISSUE 2, September 2016
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijost.v1i2.3797

Abstract

Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) is commonly associated with well exploration activity, onshore road crossing, nearshore pipeline installation, and offshore pipeline crossing which requires precise alignment of two barges from one to the other. Here, the purpose of this study was to show one of the projects that was successfully performed on December 2013 for the Bukit Tua Project in East Java, Indonesia costing USD 8 Million. From this project experience, there are 6 Best Practices in HDD Offshore Project for Pipeline Crossing Application (first in region) which will serve as a guide to future projects in replicating similar success. Out from 6 Best practices, there are two main recipes for success of HDD offshore for offshore crossings which are the drilling fluid also known as mud, and the Gyro Steering Tool (GST). First, mud parameter varies on case by case basis depending on the soil condition at the location where HDD will be performed. Failure to maintain the above parameters may result in catastrophic failure whereby the bore hole may collapse and pipe may get stuck underneath the seabed. Secondly, the beauty of GST is extremely accurate and unaffected by other metal anomalies during drilling process, thus ensuring the curve profile and direction of drilling are as per design throughout the whole process.

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