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Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology
ISSN : 25409573     EISSN : 25409581     DOI : -
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology (JTBB) is an authoritative source of information concerned with the advancement of tropical biology studies in the Southeast Asia Region. It publishes original scientific work related to a diverse range of fields in tropical biodiversity, functional biology, and biotechnology.
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Articles 240 Documents
Populasi dan Sebaran Jenis Moluska Dilindungi di Perairan Selat Lembeh, Kota Bitung, Sulawesi Utara Ucu Yanu Arbi
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 1, No 1 (2016): June
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (417.076 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.12931

Abstract

Exploration of protected mollusks has been carried out at Lembeh Strait, Bitung, North Sulawesi for 30 months in 2007 until 2009. Protected mollusks can be found at Lembeh Strait and the population may decline because of environmental stress. The aim of this study is to determine populations of protected mollusc at Lembeh Strait waters. Observations were made at 15 locations with free collection methods. In this location, 175 individuals comprising 12 species of protected mollusks were collected. Tridacna maxima was the most extensive distribution in the research location. From the research, Lembeh Strait was advised to obtain marine protected areas.
Floristic and Soil Characteristic at The RPH Sentul-Probolinggo Protected Low Land Forest, East Java Abban Putri Fiqa; Agung Sri Darmayanti
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 3, No 1 (2018): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1183.001 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.30208

Abstract

East Java’s forest has a less ideal area based on predetermined requirements. Therefore, rehabilitation was done to meet these requirements and to improve the quality of existing forests. This research was conducted to identify the character of protected forest in Resort Pemangku Hutan (RPH) Sentul area, about vegetation structure and abiotic factor of lowland forest area with low rainfall. The research was conducted by explorative method with plot making for tree plant, sapling and ground cover to inventory and determine the forest vegetation structure inside the area, also by measuring the environmental parameters (temperature, humidity and light intensity) and making soil sampling to analyze biophysical condition. Data were analyzed descriptively both on vegetation condition and physical condition of land and its environment. The result showed that there were identified 84 species from 39 plant families either as trees, sapling or ground cover, with species of Moraceae as the largest contributor. The diversity index of the three types of vegetation shows a medium categorized, while the index of evenness indicates a good categorized that is close to one. Based on the existence of exotic species, especially on ground cover, within protected forest areas, this area has been degraded although not large. However, the physical condition of the soil and environmental conditions in the forest still indicate that this area is still quite good when used as a reference area on rehabilitation program with similar geographical conditions.Keywords: vegetation structure, soil characteristic, low land forest, RPH Sentul Probolinggo
Variasi Morfologis Udang Galah (Macrobrachium rosenbergii de Man, 1879) Hasil Inbreeding dan Outbreeding Populasi Probolinggo dan Mahakam Nurul Suwartiningsih; T. Trijoko; Niken Satuti Nur Handayani
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 2, No 2 (2017): December
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1292.865 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.29676

Abstract

Indonesia has high biodiversity, one of them is the diversity of giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii de Man, 1879). The giant freshwater prawn was easy to reproduce and has high nutritional value. This study was conducted to determine the morphological variation of inbreed and outbreed of Probolinggo and Mahakam (Mama, Gogo, Goma, and Mago) populations that was developed in Unit Kerja Budidaya Air Payau Balai Budidaya Udang Galah (UKBAP BBUG) Samas as a basic for seed selection. Research of morphological variation carried out by observing 12 morphological characters, four meristic characters and 52 morphometric characters in four populations. Analysis of basic morphometric characters using a statistical program to determine the linear regression and the significance of parameters. Analysis of morphological characters using a statistical program to make dendrogram showing the similarity of four populations. The result of morphometry shows that the ratio of cephalothorax and abdomen of Mago and Goma is lower than Mama and Gogo. When viewed from the ratio of the carapace and rostrum length, Mago produces the longest rostrum. So, when only carapace length is compared to abdomen length, Mago showed the greatest value. Gogo has the highest ratio of cephalothorax and abdomen, while Mago has the highest ratio of carapace and abdomen among populations. Morphological data analysis showed that Gogo and Goma had reached 76% similarity, Goma and Mama have a similarity of 68% while Mago has 52% similarity with another three populations.
Keragaman Genus Anadara Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologis dan Habitat di Perairan Pantai, Kota Tarakan, Kalimantan Utara Z. Zainuddin; Nyoman Puniawati Soesilo; T. Trijoko
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 3, No 1 (2018): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1144.396 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.27861

Abstract

Bivalves are actively captured to be used as foodstuffs and raw materials souvenirs. Bivalves have economic value that continues to be exploited. But there is no record of its biodiversity in the coastal waters Tarakan City. This research purposes were to study the members of the Genus Anadara species diversity, study of morphological characters and its habitats in the waters of Tarakan. The method used in sampling was transect methods. Four stations have been set i.e. Binalatung, Selayung, Juata and airport. The obtained bivalves were identified based on its morphological characters. Physicochemical of the water, substrate, and the substrate texture in each station were measured. The morphological data was analyzed using descriptive analysis, while the relationships between shells’ morphometric was analyzed using linear regression analysis.The result of this research showed that there are two  species, Anadara granosa and Anadara nodifera. Morphological character showed that there are radial ribs both of  species. Habitat character is dominated by sand and mud. Morphometric relationships shells can be used to distinguish each species.
The Production of Corn Kernel Miso Based on Rice-koji Fermented by Aspergillus oryzae and Rhizopus oligosporus Diah Ratnaningrum; Thelma Agustina Budiwati; Tri Darsini; Panji Cahya Mawarda
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 3, No 1 (2018): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1363.858 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.28765

Abstract

The suitability of corn kernel as raw material to produce miso fermented by rice-koji containing Aspergillus oryzae and Rhizopus oligosporus has been investigated. The optimization was conducted on two important factors in miso production namely mold composition in rice-koji and salt concentration. The mold composition was prepared by inoculating the spores of 2% A. oryzae, 2% R. oligosporus, and 2% the mixture of both in a ratio of 1:1, 2:1, and 1:2 (v/v) into different rice media. The mold composition was optimized to produce rice-koji with high α-amylase and protease activity. Different NaCl concentrations of 10%, 15%, and 20% were subjected to optimization process and added to each mixture after five days of fermentation. The salt concentration was also optimized to produce corn kernel miso with high glucose and high dissolved protein concentration. The result showed that rice-koji containing A. oryzae and R. oligosporus in the ratio of 1:1 had the highest α-amylase and protease activity of 0.42 U/mL and 0.45 U/mL respectively. In addition, the presence of 10% NaCl in corn kernel miso fermented by A. oryzae and R. oligosporus in the ratio of 1:1 exhibited the highest glucose and dissolved protein concentration of 0.64 mg/mL and 8.80 mg/mL respectively. The optimized corn kernel miso by A. oryzae and R. oligosporus in the ratio of 1:1 with 10% NaCl was subjected to nutrient content analysis and compared to the result before the corn kernel was fermented. The nutrient content analysis showed nutrient enhancement after corn kernel was fermented and transformed into a miso. Glucose, dissolved protein, and fat content increased 6.74, 1.34, 7.63 times respectively. This study concludes corn kernel could be utilized to produce a novel corn kernel miso for dietary diversification and for improving nutritional and health status.
Filogenetik Jenis-jenis Annonaceae dari Jawa Timur Koleksi Kebun Raya Purwodadi Berdasarkan Coding dan Non-coding sekuen DNA Dewi Ayu Lestari; Rodiyati Azrianingsih; H. Hendrian
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 3, No 1 (2018): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1337.253 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.28308

Abstract

Annonaceae species of Purwodadi Botanic Garden collections from East Java encountered problems in species identification based on morphological characters. In addition, the unavailability of molecular data to support identification based on morphological characters hinders accurate identification of species. The aim of this research is to discern phylogenetic of Annonaceae species from East Java collections of Purwodadi Botanic Garden based on coding and non-coding sequence DNA. Annonaceae species used in this study are 30 species, includes outgroup from family of Magnoliaceae. Materials for DNA analysis were young leaves which were processed through DNA extraction, DNA amplification through PCR technique, DNA sequencing and data analysis with Maximum Likelihood (ML), Maximum Parsimony (MP) and Neighbour-Joining (NJ) method analysis. The results show that phylogenetic tree is divided into two subfamilies, i.e. Annonoideae and Malmeoideae. The topology of phylogenetic tree from three DNA molecular marker shows that non-coding sequence DNA (trnL-F molecular marker) has the best grouping of relationship and be able to explain the relationship between species of Annonaceae than rbcL and matK molecular marker as coding sequence DNA. Bootstrap value of trnL-F tree is very weak to high (36-100%) while rbcL is very weak to weak (17-63%) and matK tree is high (98-99%).
Isolation and Identification of Endophytic Fungi from Leave and Stem of Calopogonium mucunoides Dian Fitriarni; Rina Sri Kasiamdari
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 3, No 1 (2018): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1392.455 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.32477

Abstract

Thirty-seven isolates of endophytic fungi were isolated from leaves and stems of Calopogonium mucunoides collected from PTPN PTPN XII (Persero) Rubber Plantation, Klatakan, Kecamatan Tanggul, Kabupaten Jember, Jawa Timur. All isolates were identified based on morphological characteristics using the light microscope. The 37 isolates of endophytic fungi are members of Deuteromycota and Basidiomycota and classified to genera Phoma, Phomopsis, Corynespora, Rhizoctonia, Helicosporium, Curvularia, Torulomyces, Gliocladium, Gloeosporium, Acremonium, Tripospermum, Aureobasidium, Colletotrichum, Humicola, Fusarium, Sclerotium, and sterile hyphae.  
Mini review: Intensification of mulching to improve soil moisture in vanilla plantation I Gede Ketut Adiputra
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 3, No 2 (2018): August
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1710.062 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.33636

Abstract

Continuous water uptake from soil via the root system and it transport into the leaves system is a basic mechanism in plants to maintain growth and reproduction.  Consequently, sustaining soil moisture to keep water supply into the plants should continuously occurred to maintain growth.  Under condition of global warming scenario and robust agricultural practices, soil organic carbon which plays as a key for soil moisture and fertility are continuously diminished.  This condition could subsequently endanger the growth of shallow rooted plants, such as vanilla.  To mitigate the impact of global warming and robust agricultural practices, enhancing carbon sequestration to inhibit water loss is regarded crucial.  However, although mulch materials are locally available in most land crop plantations, those materials are rarely viewed as functional for maintaining soil moisture.  Both water stress and mulching might have not been seriously anticipated in conventional agricultural practices.  For example, continuous decreased in yield of vanilla plants are usually handled by applying pesticide or fertilizer, without addition of mulch.  The objective of this review was to gain a better understanding of soil moisture to increase vanilla growth and reproduction.  This review found that mulching could reduce evaporation, increase soil organic carbon and soil fertility.  It is concluded that intensification of mulching could enhance sustainability of vanilla plantations.  
Keanekaragaman Ular Pitviper Sumatera (Serpentes: Viperidae: Crotalinae) Berdasarkan Ketinggian di Sumatera Barat Fachrul Reza
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 3, No 2 (2018): August
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (16.971 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.35027

Abstract

Research on Sumatran Pitviper diversity based on altitude in West Sumatra had been done since January 2016 to December 2017 in several locations on West Sumatra Province. The research was conducted by Visual Encounter Surveys and collecting information from local people using pictures, descriptions, and habitat description of each species based on field guide written by David and Vogel (1996) and Vogel (2006). The objective of this study was to obtain information about vertical distribution of Pitviper from subfamily Crotalinae. The study identified seven species of Pitviper as member of suborder Serpentes, family Viperidae, and subfamily Crotalinae. Members of this subfamily are existing in every altitude from 0 to above 1000 m a.s.l. with one very adaptive species named Tropidolaemus wagleri.
Composition of Mitochondrial DNA 16S Nucleotide of Dwarf Snakehead (Channa gachua Hamilton, 1822) from Keji River, Magelang, Central Java Warisatul Ilmi; Tuty Arisuryanti
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 3, No 2 (2018): August
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1339.287 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.35613

Abstract

Indonesia has a high marine and freshwater biodiversity including freshwater fish biodiversity. One of freshwater fish which is commonly consumed by Indonesian people is dwarf snakehead (Channa gachua Hamilton, 1822). However, research on genetic characterization, especially the composition of mtDNA 16S nucleotide of dwarf snakehead has poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the composition of mtDNA 16S nucleotide of dwarf snakehead as a part of genetic characterization of the fish species taken from Keji River, Magelang, Central Java which has not been previously examined. This study analyzed 16S mt-DNA of two samples of dwarf snakehead from Keji River (KTS-01 and KTS-02). In addition, two sequences of Channa gachua with accession number KU986900, KU238074, and HM117234-HM117238 taken from GenBank were used as a comparison. A method used in this research was a PCR method and primers used in this research were 16Sar and 16Sbr. The results revealed that the average of nucleotide composition T, C, A and G of the fish species was 23.04%, 25.13%, 29.06% and 22.77% respectively whereas the average rate of nucleotide composition A+ T and G+ C was 52.10% and 47.90% respectively. The two dwarf snakehead had similar T and C composition but different in A and G composition. In addition, the G+C content in KTS-01 and KTS-02 had the highest frequency compared to other dwarf snakehead taken from GenBank. From this finding it could be assumed that there is genetic variation between the two dwarf snakehead from Keji River which is important genetic data for breeding program of the fish species in the future.

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