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Fuad Mustafid
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Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta
ISSN : 08548722     EISSN : 24430757     DOI : 10.14421/ajish
Core Subject : Religion, Social,
Religion Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
2nd Floor Room 205 Faculty of Sharia and Law, State Islamic University (UIN) Sunan Kalijaga, Marsda Adisucipto St., Yogyakarta 55281
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Articles 3 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 52, No 2 (2018)" : 3 Documents clear
Analisis Hukum terhadap Lembaga Keuangan Mikro Syari’ah Bank Wakaf Mikro di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Khotibul Umam; Yulkarnain Harahab; Haniah Ilhami
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 52, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law - Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.2018.52.2.315-343

Abstract

Abstract: This research focuses on analyzing the position of Sharia Micro Finance Institution – Bank Wakaf Mikro (Lembaga Keuangan Mikro Syariah-Bank Wakaf Mikro/LKMS-BWM) in positive law. Furthermore, this research explores the management and activities of LKMS-BWM in empowering micro-businesses in D.I. Yogyakarta. This is normative legal research and focused on analyzing secondary data, specifically all regulations related to Syariah Micro Finance Institution. The research uses Statutory Approach and Conceptual Approach. The results of this research were analyzed qualitatively. This research finds that: (1) The legal position of LKMS-BWM is an institution incorporated as a Service Cooperative and has a business license known as Sharia Micro Finance Institution; (2) Management and activities of LKMS-BWM in D.I. Yogyakarta involves various stakeholders consisting of donors, LAZNAS BSM UMAT, BWM, and Productive Poor Communities. Financing activities are given in the form of social contracts (qardh) at the first stage and a business contract (tijārah) at the next stage according to the fatwa (Islamic instructions of rules) DSN-MUI. Abstract: Artikel ini mengkaji dan menganalisis kedudukan LKMS-BWM dari perspektif hukum positif, serta tata kelola dan aktivitasnya dalam kaitannya dengan pemberdayaan usaha mikro di D.I. Yogyakarta. Ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif, yaitu penelitian yang mendasarkan pada data sekunder, khususnya berupa peraturan perundang-undangan dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konsep serta analisis data kualitatif. Dari kajian dan analisis yang telah dilakukan diperoleh temuan bahwa: pertama, Kedudukan LKMS-BWM adalah lembaga berbadan hukum Koperasi Jasa dan memiliki izin usaha sebagai Lembaga Keuangan Mikro Syariah. BWM adalah branding bagi LKMS sehingga tidak mencerminkan substansi ditinjau dari ketentuan hukum positif, bahkan tidak semua aspek dalam koperasi dan LKM dapat dipenuhi oleh BWM. Kedua, dalam kaitannya dengan pemberdayaan usaha mikro di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, tata kelola dan aktivitas LKMS-BWM telah melibatkan berbagai stakeholders yang terdiri dari donatur, LAZNAS BSM UMAT, BWM, dan Masyarakat Miskin Produktif. Aktivitas pembiayaan diberikan dalam bentuk akad sosial (qardh) pada tahap pertama dan akad bisnis (tijārah) pada tahap berikutnya sesuai fatwa DSN-MUI.
Provisions of Minimum Age of Marriage in Indonesia: Amendments Efforts and Responses Kholifatun Nur Mustofa
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 52, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law - Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.2018.52.2.289-312

Abstract

This paper examines the provisions of the minimum age of marriage by considering regulations in various Muslim countries. Besides, this paper also discusses why Indonesia experienced resistance in changing the rules of the minimum age. Using a sociological approach, this paper examines the minimum age limit in various Muslim countries and efforts in renewal the minimum age limit in Indonesia. Data collection is done through literature review, decisions, and related journals. This data is supported by the information from interviews on the judge’s attitude and response. The author interviewed 6 judges of the Bantul and Wonosari Religious Courts. This paper confirms that efforts made by several institutions to raise the minimum age of marriage have been made. One of them is the submission of Judicial Review No. 30-74 / PUU-XI / 2014 to the Constitutional Court, which was unfortunately rejected. One of the legal considerations of the Constitutional Court Judge is that the application is considered contrary to the 1945 Constitution. The prevailing customary law and cultural diversity in Indonesia have significant influence in increasing the minimum age, because one community has different views with others on the minimum boundary age of marriage. Besides, the Constitutional Court judges consider that raising the minimum age does not have a significant influence on reducing child marriages and some other adverse effects, but that influence emerges from the internet. The study also argues that these changes are considered not in harmony with all the different interests of society. This was also in line with the response of 6 judges in the Bantul and Wonosari Religious Courts.
Penyatuatapan Sistem Pembinaan Peradilan di Indonesia Era Reformasi dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Otoritas Peradilan Agama Malik Ibrahim; Tulus Warsito; Sidik Jatmika; Ulung Pribadi
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 52, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law - Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.v52i2.500

Abstract

Abstrac: Management of the Religious Courts in Indonesia turn to changes in the Reformation era. Before the Reformation era, management of the Religious Courts was carried out by two institutions;, namely the Ministry of Religion and the Supreme Court, while in the Reformation era its management was only carried out by the Supreme Court. This paper looks at the phenomenon of formation change processes and its influence on the Religious Court, especially related to the reasons for changes and the factors that influence these changes. This phenomenon is influenced by internal factors and external factors. Its internal factor is efficiency in judicial management and the opening of opportunities for the Religious Courts officials to compete with other judicial officers below the Supreme Court. Its external factor is the enactment of several laws and regulations as mandated by judicial reform in Indonesia. These changes have caused significant results as can be seen in several aspects, such as the revitalization of positions, roles, functions and institutions, organizational structure, institutional processes (litigation and non-litigation processes), human resources, and public services that are fast, transparent and easy. However, the change in management still has unresolved problems, such as budgetary aspects and employee recruitment. Also, the independence of the religious courts during the reform era is not fully independent in totality because it still influenced by the power outside the religious courts or the supreme court; executive and legislative power.Abstrak: Pada era reformasi, telah terjadi perubahan pembinaan terhadap Peradilan Agama (PA). Jika sebelum era Reformasi pembinaan PA menganut sistem peradilan dua atap, dalam arti bahwa pembinaan peradilan PA dilakukan oleh dua lembaga, yaitu Kementerian Agama dan Mahkamah Agung, maka pada era Reformasi pembinaan PA menganut sistem peradilan satu atap, yakni bahwa pembinaan hanya dilakukan oleh Mahkamah Agung. Tulisan ini melihat fenomena proses perubahan pembinaan dan pengaruhnya terhadap PA, terutama terkait dengan alasan perubahan dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perubahan tersebut. Perubahan pembinanan yang terjadi pada PA dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. Faktor internal yang mempengaruhi perubahan tersebut adalah keinginan dari aparat PA untuk melakukan pengelolaan pengadilan secara lebih efisien dan memudahkan komunikasi di antara aparat PA dan juga harapan agar aparat PA mampu bersaing dengan aparat peradilan lainnya di bawah MA. Sementara faktor eksternalnya adalah diberlakukannya beberapa peraturan perundangan sebagai amanat reformasi peradilan di Indonesia. Perubahan tersebut telah menyebabkan perubahan yang cukup signifikan sebagaimana dapat dilihat pada beberapa aspek, seperti revitalisasi kedudukan, peran, fungsi dan lembaga, struktur organisasi, proses kelembagaan (proses berperkara dan nonperkara), sumber daya manusia, dan pelayanan publik yang cepat, transparan dan mudah. Namun perubahan pembinaan tersebut juga masih menyisakan problem yang belum terselesaikan, yaitu aspek anggaran dan rekruitmen pegawai sehingga kemandirian yang terjadi di lingkungan PA pada masa reformasi belum sepenuhnya mandiri secara totalitas karena terkait kekuasaan di luar PA ataupun MA, yaitu kekuasan eksekutif dan legislatif.

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