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E-Journal Of Cultural Studies
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 23382449     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Humanities, Art,
Arts Humanities
Cultural studies constitutes an interdisciplinary area critically discussing socio-political contexts of various cultural practices in society. Its focus is on the relation among such cultural practices and the power controlling them. Cultural studies was pioneered by the Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies (CCCS) of the University of Birmingham, England, in 1960s. Unlike what has been a tradition in the modern epistemology, cultural studies is concerned with what human emancipation aims at. Therefore, cultural studies does not only refer to a theoretical-conceptual matter but also to the location and critical action in which it manifests itself.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 251 Documents
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SOCIO-POLITICAL DYNAMICS TAKING PLACE AT KUTA TRADITIONAL VILLAGE, BALI: FROM DESA ADAT (TRADITIONAL VILLAGE) TO DESA PEKRAMAN (ANOTHER TYPE OF TRADITIONAL VILLAGE) IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF CULTURAL STUDIES Wesna Astara, I Wayan; Parimartha, I Gde; Sirtha, I Nyoman; Mariyah, Emiliana
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol. 4, No. 2 Juli 2010
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

This research explores the socio-political dynamics taking place at KutaTraditional Village, Bali: from desa adat (traditional village) to desa pekraman (anothertype of traditional village) in the perspective of cultural studies. There are three problemsformulated in this research. The first problem is how the socio-political dynamics fromdesa adat (traditional village) to desa pekraman (another type of traditional village) tookplace at Kuta? The next problem is how the traditional village interacted with theadministrative village at Kuta? And the last problem, which is the third, is what were theimpacts and meanings of the change from desa adat to desa pekraman? In this studyqualitative method was employed. And the data needed was obtained by employing thetechnique of in-depth interview, the technique of participatory observation, anddocumentation study. To give responses to the problems mentioned above, the theory ofhegemony, the theory of deconstruction, the theory of conflict, the theory of power andknowledge and the theory of eclectically symbolic interaction were applied.The findings show that the socio-political dynamics taking place Kuta TraditionalVillage resulted in turbulence among the villagers. This is indicated by the Local Rulesand Regulations (Perda) issued by Desa Pekraman of Number 3 of Year 2001. Thiscould be responsible for the factors of pro’s and con’s in various aspects. Clause (6) ofArticle 3 of the Perda of Number 3 of Year 2001 was reversed by the leaders of KutaTraditional Village. They did not agree that non-Hindu people were included as thetraditional village members.As far as the interaction between the traditional village and the administrativevillage is concerned, the governmental hegemony took place. The government appliedhegemony to the traditional village through the administrative village in the form of rulesand regulations. The local rules and regulations issued by the desa pekraman, as a legalproduct in Bali, are left crystallized sociologically, philosophically, and juridically. However, the dynamism of the traditional villagers in Bali will “justify” to what extentsuch rules and regulations are justified and to what extent they are protective. The changeof the Perda issued by the desa adat into that issued by the desa pekraman was notfollowed by Kuta Traditional Village by replacing the awig-awig (rules and regulations)issued by the desa adat or making loose agreements to adapt to the higher rules andregulations in addition to anticipating the migrants through the change in rules andregulations applicable at Kuta Traditional Village. Basically, the socio-political dynamicstaking place at Kuta Traditional Village as a consequence of the change made from desaadat to desa pekraman resulted in no important things. However, from the “substance”point of view, the change can be seen in the formation of Majelis Desa Pekraman (theAssembly of Desa Pekraman) (Article 14), which is formed from below, and in theappearance of pecalang (traditional security) which is responsible for the security andorderliness of the village area especially when traditional and religious activities areperformed. Actually, pecalang is an “old product” which is newly packaged with “newenthusiasm” and is included in the Perda of Number 3 of Year 2001 issued by the DesaPekraman . The meanings created by the change made from Desa Adat to DesaPekraman are transformational, dialogic and dynamic. The desa pekraman is in the ongoingprocess (which will never come to an end) of being integrated into theadministrative village.The findings show that there were multiple interpretations given by the leaders ofKuta Traditional Village, as far as the articles in the Perda issued by the Desa Pekramanare concerned, governmental hegemony which was in the form of Rules and Regulationsas the social transformation of the State by which villages are organized.
REPRODUCTION OF KAKEBYARAN ART IN MATARAM CITY, WEST NUSA TENGGARA YUDARTA, I GEDE; Kusuma, Nyoman Weda; Dibia, I Wayan; Parimartha, I Gde
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol 9, No 2 (2016): May 2016
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

Kakebyaran art is a performing art with the Balinese identity; it is not only popular in Bali but also in the other provinces in Indonesia and different parts of the world. In Indonesia, such a performing art is also performed in Mataram City, West Nusa Tenggara. The policy with the jargon “Maju, Religious and Berbudaya” (Being Developed, Religious, and Cultured),  which was issued by the ruler of Mataram City, affirms that the development in Mataram City is oriented toward the Islamic religious values, meaning that the other religious and cultural symbols are reduced. Such a situation has motivated the Balinese ethnic community to develop its art, tradition, and culture in general and the kekebyaran art in particular. Such a phenomenon is a domain of cultural studies which is very interesting to be explored in depth. There are three problems related to such a phenomenon. They are 1) the form and function of the reproduction of the kekebyaran art, 2) the factors contributing to the reproduction of the kekebyaran , 3) the impact of the reproduction of the kekebyaran art on and its meaning to the society of Mataram City, West Nusa Tenggara. The present study was conducted using the qualitative method, in accordance with the scientific norm and paradigm of cultural studies. Three theories were used to analyze such problems; they are the theory of cultural reproduction, the theory of identity, and the theory of semiotics. They were eclectically used to discuss the substance of the topic of discussion. The results of analysis were formulated as follows: first, the form of the reproduction of the kekebyaran art is made up of musicality, the instrumental form, the way of presenting it, its function as part of a ritual and a performing art, and its function to strengthen the local culture. Second, the factors contributing to the reproduction of the kakebyaran art are as follows:  the culture, economy and cultural communication. Third, the impact and meaning of the reproduction of the kakebyaran art are as follows:  the spiritual impact, the socio-cultural impact, the economic impact, the aesthetic meaning, and the cultural meaning.
MARGINALIZATION OF PARWA LEATHER PUPPET IN GIANYAR REGENCY IN GLOBALIZATION ERA Yudabakti, I Made
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 6, Number 3, November 2013
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

This present study discussed the marginalization of the Parwa Leather Puppet in Gianyar Regency in the globalization era. It discussed the form, the causing factors, and the impact of marginalization. The qualitative interpretative method was used to analyze the problems of the study. The data were collected using the techniques of observation, in-depth interview, documentary study, and library research. The data were qualitatively analyzed. The results of the study showed that there were several forms of marginalization occurring to the Parwa Leather Puppet ‘Wayang Kulit Parwa’ (WKP) in Gianyar Regency. This was indicated by the change in the context of performance and indication of marginalization. The forms of the context of performance were made up of the facts that (a) the viewers shifted from the young generation to the old generation; (b) it used to be performed as an offering but now it was performed as a commodity or comodification; (c) technology played more important roles (the lighting, sound system, and the material for making the puppet), and d) the accompanying gamelan orchestra changed. Marginalization was indicated by (a) the fall in the frequency of performance, (b) WKP was getting less popular in the community; (c) fewer people were getting interested in WKP performance; and (e) WKP was getting less respected. The factors responsible for the marginalization of WKP in Gianyar Regency were the facts that less people were interested in WKP, the decrease in the WKP puppeteer’s activities, the policy issued by the traditional institution was weak, and the supervision made by the local government of Gianyar was weak. In addition, WKP was less prospective; the current community needed more amusement than guidance, the rise in the impact of foreign cultural art, more and more sources of modern amusements were made available, and the impact of telecommunication technology. The marginalization of WKP in Gianyar Regency led to impacts and meanings. One of the impacts was that the puppeteers showed their resistances through creative, defensive, creative, innovative and transformative movements.
COUNTER-HEGEMONY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF BAWOMATALUO TOURIST DESTINATION, NIAS SELATAN, SUMATERA UTARA Waruwu, Dermawan; Mudana, I Gede
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 11, Number 2, May 2018
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (672.662 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/cs.2018.v11.i02.p01

Abstract

Bawomataluo which is located in South Nias, North Sumatra, has unique cultural and natural tourism. The area is referred to as “Bukit Matahari” (Hill of the Sun) as it is the area where tourists can enjoy the sunrise and sunset. However, the hegemonic practice performed by the government through its policies and the counter-hegemonic practice performed by the local people as the owner of the tourist destination have caused the area to be less developed. The problem of the study is how the counter-hegemonic practice is performed to develop the Bawomataluo tourist destination. This study is intended to understand and describe the form of the counter-hegemonic practice so it can widen the concepts of the related studies. The study used the qualitative method with the perspective of cultural studies. The theory of hegemony, the theory of power/knowledge, and the theory of social practice were used to analyze the data. The result of the study showed that the counter-hegemonic practice performed by the Bawomataluo people included the counter-hegemony towards the government’s policy, the counter-hegemony towards change and functional change of cultural heritage, and the counter-hegemony towards the tourism-related activities. They are all the accumulation of the local people’s disappointment with the government’s policy (hegemonic practice) which has been performed so far. As a result, the development of the tourist destination and infrastructure has not achieved the target yet. This present study offers a strategic political policy so the development of the tourist destination in Bawomataluo in particular and in Indonesia in general can be avoided from the hegemonic practice and counter-hegemonic practice. To this end, the tourist destination should be sustainably developed in order to improve the local people’s economy and increase the government’s income. The development should be the community-based one as well.
THE EXISTANCE OF PERGURUAN KEBATINAN SANDHI MURTI INDONESIA IN THE FIELD OF KANURAGAN IN BALI Gayatri, Ida Ayu Made; Ardika, I Wayan Ardika; Arsana, I Gusti Ketut Gde
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol 8 No 2 (2015): Volume 8, Number 2, May 2015
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

Perguruan Kebatinan Sandhi Murti Indonesia is establised by I Gusti Ngurah Harta on 27th April 1990 in Denpasar City, Bali. Practice of kanuragan is identical to the stigma of violence, the practice of inner power and pangleakan associated with black magic, so this study aims to analyze and answer the formulation of the problems on the existence of social practices of Sandhi Murti in the field of kanuragan in Bali. This study is constructed as a cultural studies. The results of study showed the existence of Sandhi Murti in the field of kanuragan in Bali for 24 years (1990-2004) is characterized by the development of forms of activity in sports as well as in the arts, mysticism, economy and politics. Sandhi Murti social practices are also undergoing expansion area of activity in the branch organization in Tabanan Bali and Sandhi Murti Bulgaria in Europe, as well as developed personally by members overseas such as Australia, America, Russia and others. Sandhi Murti practices in the field of kanuragan is based on the teachings of siwa tantra (tantric), or siwa bhairawa, kandapat and dasaksara. Functions of kanuragan practiced by Sandhi Murti, such as : psychosomatic and psycho-kinetics therapy; commodity and recreational; magical function, social and cultural functions.The significance of social practices of Sandhi Murti develop social capital through group of solidarity. Significance of cultural transformation Sandhi Murti kanuragan practices reflected the cultural inheritance of tantric into organizational habitus.
MARGINALIZATION OF SMALL RETAILERS AS A CONSEQUENCE OFTHE GROWTH OF MINIMARKET IN DENPASAR CITY Adnyana, I Wayan
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 6, Number 2, Agustus 2013
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

The growth of minimarket, especially the Circle K Minimarket in Denpasar City has been so fast that small retailers with their limitations have been getting left behind. This present study explored the marginalization of the small retailer as a consequence of the growth of the Circle K Minimarket in Denpasar City. It was conducted to identify the forms of the marginalization of the small retailer as a consequence of the growth of the Circle K Minimarket in Denpasar City. The theory of generative structure proposed by Bourdieu and the theory of power and knowledge proposed by Foucault were used eclectically to answer the problems of the study. Qualitative research method with the approach of cultural studies was employed. The data were collected through observation, in-depth interview, and documentation study. The data were descriptively, qualitatively and interpretatively analyzed. The result of the study showed that as a consequence of the growth of the Circle K Minimarket the small retailers became marginalized in economy; business network; technology; management; and socio-politics. 
BANGKA MBULE-MBULE TRADITION AS A CULTURAL TOURIST ATTRACTION IN WAKATOBI, SOUTH EAST SULAWESI Yusuf, La Ode; Cika, I Wayan; Arsana, I Gusti Ketut Gde
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 10, Number 3, August 2017
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

Globalization has caused tradition to change, meaning that globalization has caused the sacred tradition to change into the propane tradition as it has been used as a tourist attraction. This present study discusses the Bangka mbule-mbule tradition used as a tourist attraction in Wakatobi Regency, South East Sulawesi. The study is intended to inform the public that the Bangka mbule-mbule has been performed as a cultural tourist destination. The study uses the descriptive qualitative method. The data which were obtained from the field were qualitatively described. The social theory combined with the theory of cultural tourism department was used to analyze the data. The result of the study shows that Tradition can be defined as a right heritage or a heritage from the past which is still currently found in society. One of the traditions which is still performed is the bangka mbule-mbule tradition. It is still performed by Mandati people in Wakatobi Regency, South East Sulawesi. The owners of the tradition still believe in it. It has been performed to support the cultural tradition in Wakatobi. The implication is that it has increased the number of tourists visiting Wakatobi, South East Sulawesi.
BARONG MEETING AT PUCAK PADANG DAWA TEMPLE BATURITI TABANAN REGENCY: IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF CULTURAL STUDIES Dana, I Wayan; Dibia, I Wayan; Putra Agung, A.A. Gde; Suastika, I Made
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol. 3, No. 2 Juli 2009
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

This dissertation contains research findings on the Barong Meeting, a multidimentionalcultural event performed at Pucak Padang Dawa Temple, Baturiti Tabanan Regency. Such ameeting is attended by more than sixty various barongs and rangdas of various types comingfrom various areas in Central Bali, and is the biggest in Bali. The research on such a culturalphenomenon is intended to reveal holistically the existence of the Barong Meeting while theprocess of modernization is taking place in Bali nowadays.Such a cultural phenomenon was investigated based on the problems formulated inseveral research questions. (1) How is the Barong Meeting performed at Pucak Padang DawaTemple, Baturiti, Tabanan Regency?; (2) what ideology is referred to by the Barong Meeting atPucak Padang Dawa Temple, Baturiti, Tabanan Regency?; (3) What does the Barong Meetingmean viewed from the socio cultural system of the Balinese society?By applying qualitative method and regarding the Barong Meeting as a multilayerentity, this study is intended to understand and analyze the ideology and meaning contained inthe Barong Meeting, which is believed to have centralistic strength making the cultures fromvarious areas of Central Bali meet. The problems were solved by applying some relevanttheories such as the theory of power relationship, the theory of religions, the theory of esthetics,and the theory of semiotics.Five important findings of this study are; Firstly, the Barong Meeting at Pucak PadangDawa Temple is a cultural event with religious, social and theatrical dimensions. Secondly, theBarong Meeting is an old religious ritual viewed from what is stated in Purana of the LuhurPucak Padang Dawa Temple. Such a Barong Meeting is still carried out by the society membersat Bangli Village. Thirdly, the Barong Meeting is a cultural event covering the areas of CentralBali such as Tabanan Regency, Negara Regency, Badung Regency, Gianyar Regency and BangliRegency. Fourthly, the Barong Meeting is not an event which is habitually carried out but aritual ceremony which is dynamically repeated by absorbing innovations which still refer to thephilosophy and ethics of Hinduism, making it able to develop collective awareness respectingdiversity featuring the era’s life. Fifthly, the Barong Meeting is a religious event realizingconcrete, real and direct actions based on Hindusm. Such a ritual ceremony densely containingartistic values emphasizes the dynamic relationship and integratedness of performance of artsand art performance in the cultural activities performed in Bali Hindu.What can be concluded in this study shows that the Barong Meeting at Pucak PadangDawa Temple, Baturiti, Tabanan Regency, serves as an inviting and attending processioncovering the initial, the essence, and the end which is both centripetal and centrifugal. Theideology referred to is worshipping, power, and performance. The integration of these three basicideas present ritual ceremony dimension, social activity, and art performance, making the BarongMeeting a multidimensional event. The Barong Meeting contains multilayer senses such asmagic religious, socio unifier, politics of authority, economics and esthetics.
PITAMAHA: MIMICRY IN ARTS AND DESIGN DURING THE COLONIAL ERA Supir, I Ketut; Atmadja, Nengah Bawa; Mudana, I Gede
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol 9 No 1 (2016): Volume 9, Number 1, February 2016
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

During the pre-colonial era the Balinese arts and design were dominated by the themes of puppetry which contained the Hindu religious teachings. When the Dutch colonial government controlled Bali, the Balinese arts and design changed. This present study is intended to explore the existence of the Pitamaha association and the attitude of the Pitamaha painters towards the domination of the modern arts and design taught by Spies and Bonnet. The qualitative method and the postcolonial theory combined with various other critical supporting theories were used in the present study. The result of the study shows that Pitamaha is the first modern association of arts in Bali. However, Pitamaha still integrated the pattern of the Balinese traditional association. In this association, the royal elites were involved as the mediators between Spies and Bonnet and the Balinese painters. Spies and Bonnet taught the modern arts which were different from and even contrasted with the Balinese arts and design. However, the Pitamaha painters welcome it. This could not be separated from the practice of teaching through hegemony and domination which contrasted with what had been desired by the Balinese painters who intended to maintain the Balinese arts and design. In such an ambivalent condition, they mimed the modern arts and design. The mimicry made was not intended to mime the modern arts and design; instead, the mimicry made was intended to interpret with reference to the norms of the Balinese arts and design.
EDUCATIONAL IMPLEMENTATION AT MARGINALIZED SCHOLLS IN DENPASAR CITY Suciani, Ni Made
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 7, Number 3, Agustus 2014
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

Some schools experienced termerjinalkan circumstances amid the bustle of the city of Denpasar . The problems studied are factors causing some schools experiencing marginalization , how to provide education to marginalized schools , and bagaimanaimplementasinya associated with the five pillars of national education policy and its implications for students , institutions, schools , and masyarakat.Penelitian inimenggunakan qualitative approach . The theory used is the deconstruction theory , structuration theory , and critical education theory . Data was collected using the method of observation , interviews , and documentary techniques , and analyzed qualitatively . The results showed that the appearance of marginalization at some schools due to cultural dualism between public schools and private schools , which includes the views and policies of the government , private sector and the impact of marginality teacher certification . Another factor is the culture , character and public perceptions of the school negeriserta labeling of the marginal private schools , and the lack of financial management and imaging schools to survive for the sake of prestige . In addition there are also technical factors such as the lack of human resource management , lack of competence danusaha - business competence improvement also poor communication and school partnerships with stakeholders , as well as the lack of supervision and evaluation of the achievement of national standards on school education pendidikan.Penyelenggaraan marginalized can be seen from intangible side as diseconomies kumunitas , dehumanization of education and culture in school imaging termarjinalkan.Sedangkan of the tangible results of self-evaluation is through education at school sekolah.Implementasi marginalized related to the five pillars of the national education policy is the availability , affordability , quality , equality and assuredness service besides it also analyzed the implications for students , schools and public institutions .

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