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INDONESIA
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal
Published by The Prodia Education and Research Institute
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Public Health
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 480 Documents
 1   2   3   4   5 
Inhibition of Xanthine Oxidase Activity by Ethanolic Extract of Piperomia pellucida L., Acacypha indica L. and Momordica charantia L. Parawansah Parawansah; Nuralifah Nuralifah; Gemini Alam; Rosdiana Natzir
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 8, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v8i3.194

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Uric acid is a final result of purine catabolism, the enzymatic reactions in the body cells from amino acids or ribonucleotide dinucleotide. Peperomia pellucida L. (P. pellucida), Acalypha indica L. (A. indica) and Momordica charantia L. (M. charantia) are plants which have efficacy to reduce levels of uric acid excess. The aim of this research is to find out the effect of ethanol extract of P. pellucida, A. indica and M. charantia in preventing the formation of uric acid excess by inhibiting the action of the enzyme xanthine oxidase and comparing the inhibition activity of xanthine oxidase on treatments.METHODS: The study design is experimental and conducted using the enzyme xanthine oxidase, xanthine (substrate), pH 7.5 phosphate buffer, samples (P. pellucida, A. indica and M. charantia ethanol extracts) and HCL as reaction breaker. Inhibition of xanthine oxidase was determined enzymatically and unreacted xanthine was measured by UV spectrophotometer at 290 nm. The data were expressed as percent inhibition and the inhibitory concentration (IC)50 were determined using linear regresion of inhibition activity vs. concentration.RESULTS: The IC50 of P. pellucida, A. indica and M. charantia ethanol extracts in inhibiting xanthine oxidase were 19.5 ppm, 77.6 ppm and 17.8 ppm, respectively. IC50 of allopurinol was 1.99 μg/ml, and negative control (combination of enzyme and substrate) has absorbance value of 0.75026.CONCLUSION: Ethanol extract of M. charantia showed the most potent inhibition toward xanthine oxidase compared to the other two extracts.KEYWORDS: xanthine oxidase, Peperomia pellucida L., Acalypha indica L., Momordica charantia L.
The Analysis of Asymetric Dimethylarginine and Homocysteine in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Tetty Hendrawati; Syakib Bakri; Mansyur Arif
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 1, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v1i2.96

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is a competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). ADMA reduces NO synthesis when its concentration elevates. ADMA is a novel risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Plasma ADMA accumulates in patients with endstage renal disease, due to reduced renal clearance. Hyperhomocysteinemia is often found in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Homocysteine may cause ADMA to accumulate; however, the mechanism by which ADMA level elevates in hyperhomocysteinemia is still unclear. Objective of this study was to analyze the concentrations of homocysteine and ADMA and to assess the correlation between homocysteine and ADMA concentrations with the severity of chronic kidney disease.METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study on 75 patients with CKD, comprising men and women aged 40-70 years. Assessments were done on the concentrations of creatinine, homocysteine, ADMA, fasting blood glucose, cholesterol HDL and triglyceride.RESULTS: In later stage of CKD there was significantly higher tHcy concentration as compared with the earlier stage of CKD (p=0.0000). In CKD stage 2 to 4 there was a tendency for ADMA concentration to increase to a significant average (p=0.210), but ADMA concentration was lower at stage 5. There was increased ADMA along with increased tHcy concentration of around 20μ mol/L, and this then decreased. The inverse correlation between tHcy and ADMA concentrations started to appear in CKD stage 4, but this correlation was statistically insignificant (r2 =0.19; p=0.499).CONCLUSIONS: This study showed there was a correlation between homocysteine and ADMA concentrations in patients with CKD stage 2 to 5, although statistically not significant.KEYWORDS: Asymetric Dimethylarginine, Homocysteine, Chronic Kidney Disease
Correlation between Interleukin-6 (IL-6), High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP), Endothelin-1 (ET-1), Asymmetric Dimethylarginine (ADMA) and Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) in Central Obese Men Andri Hidayat; Andi Wijaya; Harun Alrasyid
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 3, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v3i1.133

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Many studies have shown that obesity was closely related to insulin resistance via several pathways such as inflammation, oxidative stress, lipolysis, and endothelial dysfunction. This study was carried out to observe the correlation between inflammation (IL-6 and hsCRP), lipolysis process (ET-1), and endothelial dysfunction (ADMA) and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in centrally obese men.METHODS: This was a cross sectional study on 62 male subjects aged 30–60 years old with waist circumference (WC) >90 cm. IL-6, ET-1 and ADMA levels were measured using ELISA method, while hsCRP and insulin were measured using chemiluminescence method. All blood testings were conducted in Prodia Clinical Laboratory.RESULTS: The results showed that WC was significantly correlated with hsCRP (r=0.294, p=0.022 ), ET-1 (r=0.257, p=0.047 ) and ADMA (r=0.338, p=0.009). We also found a significant correlation between hsCRP with HOMA-IR (r=0.324, p=0.021), ADMA with HOMA-IR (r=0.280, p=0.045), and IL-6 with hsCRP (r=0.437, p=0.003).CONCLUSIONS: hsCRP and ADMA have significant correlation with HOMA-IR in centrally obese men. HOMA-IR significantly increases in subjects with ADMA above median and either IL-6 or hsCRP above median, as compared to those in the other groups. Inflammation and endothelial dysfunction are important causal pathways of insulin resistance state in centrally obese men.KEYWORDS: obesity, IL-6, hsCRP, ET-1, ADMA, HOMA-IR
Cardiovascular Disease Risk and Barriers to Physical Activity Lisa Aditama; Dewi Rahmawati; Nani Parfati; Astrid Pratidina
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 7, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v7i1.21

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of obesity is increasing and tends to be higher in adult population groups who are also more educated and employed as a civil/military/police/oficers. This study aims to analyze cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, perceptions about physical activity and barriers experienced to perform physical activity, also stage of change to physical activity.METHODS: The study design was an observational study, use qualitative methods with in-depth interviews and quantitative analysis CVD risk also stage of change to physical activity questionnaire.RESULTS: Framingham 10-years CVD risk of obese men in University of Surabaya was 11.97% (1.70 to 29.90) based on lipid profile and 13.90% (2.30 to 30.00) based on body mass index. Perception of obese men in University of Surabaya regarding physical activity had findings several barriers that can be grouped into time constraint, facility constraint, low motivation, and knowledge about physical activities.CONCLUSION: In this study we found that 10-years CVD risk of obese men in University of Surabaya can be categorized as medium risk. There are several barriers regarding life style modification for physical activity and exercise, whereas the subjects included in this study are quite ready to start the program, but improvement for the readiness before starting the program will still be needed.KEYWORDS: CVD risk, obese men, physical activity
Association Between Plasma Beta-endorphin and WOMAC Score in Female Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis Hori Hariyanto; John Butar Butar; Gatot Susilo Lawrence; FX Budhianto Suhadi; Andi Husni Tanra
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v4i2.169

Abstract

BACKGROUND: β-endorphin plays a role in the descending pain control in the central nervous system. Central sensitization may be involved in the generating and maintenance of osteoarthritis (OA) pain. However, the correlation between β-endorphin and pain severity in OA has shown conflicting results. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between plasma β-endorphin and the severity of the disease. METHODS: This study was an observational cross-sectional study carried out on 60 female subjects with knee OA who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Plasma β-endorphin was measured by a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Osteoarthritis knees were classified by the Kellegren-Lawrence (KL) grading (1-4) criteria. The Western Ontario McMaster University Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) scoring method was used to assess self-reported physical function, pain and stiffness. RESULTS: The mean of the participants' ages was 58 years old, ranging from 42 to 83 years. Overall, more than 70% of the participants were overweight with a mean of body mass index (BMI) of 27.59. More than 54% of the participants were diagnosed of having KL grading 3 or 4. Plasma β-endorphin was correlated inversely with the WOMAC subscale of stiffness (r=-0.286, p=0.0311), but no correlation was noted with the WOMAC subscale of pain and physical activity. There was no significant difference of the mean of plasma β-endorphin among the KL gradings. CONCLUSIONS: Plasma β-endorphin is associated with better WOMAC total score and stiffness subscale, but not associated with KL grading of OA. KEYWORDS: knee osteoarthritis, female, β-endorphin, WOMAC, Kellgren-Lawrence
Correlation of Progranulin, Granulin, Adiponectin and Vaspin with Metaflammation (hs-CRP) in Indonesian Obese Men Rosalia E Napitupulu; Anna Meiliana; Andi Wijaya
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 5, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v5i2.59

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Obesity is closely related to chronic, low grade systemic inflammation (metaflammation) and it leads to further metabolic complications such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, and type 2 diabetes due to the adipocytokine imbalance. This study was carried out to assess the correlation between progranulin, granulin, adiponectin and visceral adipose tissue-derived serine protease inhibitor (Vaspin) with metaflammation (high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)) in centrally obese men.METHODS: This study was observational with a cross sectional design involving 60 men aged 30-60 years, consisted of 43 obese men (waist circumference (WC) ≥90 cm) and 13 non obese men (WC <90 cm), with no hypertension, and no renal dysfunction. Anthropometric parameters, creatinine, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transferase (SGOT), serum glutamic piruvic transferase (SGPT) and hs-CRP levels were measured. Serum concentrations of progranulin, granulin, adiponectin and Vaspin were measured by ELISA.RESULTS: This study showed in obese men a significant correlation between hs-CRP and Vaspin (r=0.305; p=0.046), non-significant correlation between hs-CRP and progranulin (r=0.048; p=0.758), between hs-CRP and granulin (r=-0.223; p=0.150), also between hs-CRP and adiponectin (r=-0.121; p=0.439). Similar patterns were observed between adipokines level and WC. There were 3 patterns showing increase or decrease of adipokines value with WC between 80-86 cm; subsequently the pattern tended to become flat with WC between 86-105 cm, then showing increase or decrease of adipokines value with WC >105 cm.CONCLUSION: We found metaflammation (hs-CRP) was significantly correlated with Vaspin, but not with progranulin, granulin and adiponectin, in obese men. We suggest the possibility of a dynamic expression of adipokines related to WC that are subjected to adipocytes hypertrophy-hyperplasia phenomenon.KEYWORDS: progranulin, granulin, adiponectin, Vaspin, hs-CRP, metaflammation, central obesity
Biochemical Markers for Differential Diagnosis of Stroke: A Biochemical Markers Study of S100B Protein, Neuron Spesific Enolase (NSE), Myelin Basic Protein (MBP), and Heart-Type Fatty Acid Binding Protein (H-FABP) Evy Liswati; Andi Wijaya; Teguh A. S. Ranakusuma
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 1, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v1i1.85

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Differential diagnosis between hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke, which determine how to treat the patients, was performed by CT-Scan. CT-Scan is not always available in all Indonesian health care facility. Other alternative using biochemical markers needed to be studied.METHODS: In total of 44 stroke patients consist of 25 ischemic and 19 hemorrhagic strokes according to CTScan, participated in this study. S100B Protein, NSE, MBP and H-FABP concentration in the blood of each stroke patient was determined.RESULTS: Among the biochemical markers used, only MBP at cut off point 0,712 ng/ml could be used for diagnosing hemorrhagic from ischemic stroke for serum samples obtained until 72 hours after onset of the stroke. If samples could be obtained within 24 hours, S100B Protein and MBP could be used for diagnosing hemorrhagic from ischemic stroke. If both markers increased (S100B Protein >7.55 pg/ml and MBP >0.109 ng/ml) sensitivity and specificity would be 77.8% and 84.6% respectively.CONCLUSIONS: MBP and S100B Protein are promising markers for differential diagnosis of hemorrhagic from ischemic stroke. Using serum samples obtained within 24 hours after onset and multiple markers (MBP and S100B Protein) will improved diagnostic performance of the test.KEYWORDS: Stroke, S100B Protein, Neuron Specific Enolase, Myelin Basic Protein, and Heart-Type Fatty Acid Binding Protein
HDL: More Than Just Cholesterol Anna Meilina; Andi Wijaya
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 2, No 3 (2010)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v2i3.123

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Plasma concentration of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are strongly, consistenly, and independently inversely associated with risk of atheroschlerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the last decade has seen several observations that do not follow this simple script.CONTENT: A proteomic analysis of HDL has given us an intriguing glimpse into novel components of HDL. HDL isolated from normal humans contains several classes of proteins, including not only apolipoproteins, but also complement regulatory proteins, endopeptidase inhibitors, hemopexin, and acute phase response proteins. These observations raise the possibility of unsuspected roles for HDL. HDL delivery of complement proteins would implicate HDL in innate immunity. Serine proteinase inhibitors would enable HDL to modulate proteolysis of the vessel wall. HDL from patients with coronary artery disease was enriched in apoE, apoC-IV, apoA-IV, Paraoxonase (PON), and complement factor C3. Highlighted additional mechanisms through which HDL protects the vessel wall are: HDL improves vascular function, decreases vascular inflammation, detoxifies radicals, and limits thrombosis.SUMMARY: Both inter- and intra-organ desynchrony may be involved in the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic disease attributable to effects in brain and multiple metabolic tissues including heart, liver, fat, muscle, pancreas, and gut. Efforts to dissect the molecular mediators that coordinate circadian, metabolic, and cardiovascular systems may ultimately lead to both improved therapeutics and preventive interventions.KEYWORDS: HDL, Apo–A1, RCT, inflammation, HDL dysfunction, HDL proteome, HDL & Apo–A1 mimetics
YKL-40 Correlates with Soluble CD 40 Ligand in Old Myocardial Infarction with Hypertension Diah Kumalasari; Andi Wijaya; Anwar Santoso
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v4i1.159

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Myocardial infarction is one of the coronary artery diseases caused by plaque rupture, plaque erosion or calcified nodules, with the occurence of thrombus formation and artery occlusion. YKL-40 has a functional role in plaque fibrous formation because of its high expression during fibrosis development, vascular smooth muscle cells differentiation, elevated matrix turnover and tissue remodelling in old myocardial infarction, whereas CD40 ligand, which is stored in the cytoplasm of resting platelets, rapidly presents on the surface. After cleavage, a soluble functional CD40 ligand (sCD4OL) is generated. The aim of this study was to assess the association between YKL-40 and sCD4OL in old myocardial infarction.METHODS: This study used the cross sectional study design. Fifty six patients with old myocardial infarction were selected based on their electrocardiographical results. Among these patients, 23 subjects had hypertension and 15 subjects had hsCRP >3-l0 mg/L. YKL-40 and sCD40L were measured by ELISA method.RESULTS: There was no significant correlation between YKL-40 and sCD40L (r=0.078; p=0.569) in old myocardial infarction and in subjects with hsCRP >3-10 mg/L (r=0.524; p=0.045). However, significant positive correlations Were found in subjects with hypertension (r=0.447; p=0.029).CONCLUSIONS: Our findings showed that YKL 40 correlated significantly with sCD4OL in subjects with hypertension.KEYWORDS: myocardial infarction, ruptured plaque, coronary artery disease, YKL-40, soluble CD40 ligand
Concentration of Endogenous Secretory Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products and Matrix Gla Protein in Controlled and Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Dwi Yuniati Daulay; Suryani As&#039;ad; Ali Aspar Mappahya; Andi Wijaya
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 5, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v5i1.48

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Advanced glycation end products (AGE) and their receptor (RAGE) system play an important role in the development of diabetic vascular complications. Recently, an endogenous secretory RAGE (esRAGE) has been identified as a novel splice variant, which lacks the transmembrane domain and is secreted in human sera. Interestingly, it was reported that esRAGE binds AGE ligands and neutralizes AGE actions. Many studies have reported that diabetes mellitus correlates with vascular calcification event and increases progressively in uncontrolled diabetes. Matrix Gla Protein (MGP) is known to act as an inhibitor in vascular calcification. The aim of this study was to observe progress of vascular calcification in uncontrolled diabetes patient by biochemical markers MGP as inhibitor in vascular calcification, via mechanism of AGEs.METHODS: This study was an observational study with cross sectional design on adult type 2 diabetic male patients who were defined by the 2011 Indonesian diabetes mellitus consensus criteria.RESULTS: The results of this study showed that there was a positive significant correlation between esRAGE and HbA1C (r=0.651, p=0.009), and negative correlation between MGP and HbA1C (r=-0.465, p=0.081) in controlled diabetes group. In uncontrolled diabetes group there was a positive significant correlation between MGP and HbA1C (r=0.350, p=0.023), despite the fact esRAGE showed no significant correlation with HbA1C. There was no significant difference in level of esRAGE and MGP in controlled and uncontrolled diabetes group, but MGP showed lower level in uncontrolled diabetes group, contrary to esRAGE that had higher concentration.CONCLUSION: In diabetes condition, complications of vascular calcification are caused by the mechanism of increased AGE formation represented by esRAGE. In diabetes control it is very important to keep the blood vessels from complications caused by vascular calcification.KEYWORDS: type 2 diabetes mellitus, vascular calcification, esRAGE, MGP, HbA1C

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