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EVALUASI KESUBURAN TANAH UNTUK PERTANAMAN TEBU DI KABUPATEN REMBANG, JAWA TENGAH / Evaluation of Soil Fertility to Sugarcane at Rembang District, Central Java Fitriningdyah Tri Kadarwati
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 22, No 2 (2016): Juni, 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v22n2.2016.53-62

Rembang District is an area of Central Java production center which has the main characteristics dominated by dry land. Dry land issues related to the low availability of water and nutrients. It determines the area of soil fertility conditions. Soil fertility affects the growth, production, and yield of sugarcane. Study of soil fertility conducted through the soil fertility evaluation methods of chemical analysis of matching data criteria soil with soil chemical properties. The sampling method is based on the land unit mapping. Soil fertility assessment based on the analysis of soil chemical properties that include cation exchange capacity (NH4Oac extraction method), pH (pH meter), C-Organic (Walkey and Black method), base saturation (estimation of pH mapping), P2O5 (Olsen and Bray-1 method), and available K (flamephotometer). Soil fertility in Rembang district classified into low until moderate. The limiting factor in soil fertility were consists of nitrogen content, cation exchange capacity, pH, available P2O5, organic carbon, and available K

Toleransi Beberapa Galur Unggul Kapas pada Tumpang Sari dengan Kacang Hijau Prima Diarini Riajaya; Fitriningdyah Tri Kadarwati
Buletin Tanaman Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri Vol 5, No 1 (2013): April 2013
Publisher : Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bultas.v5n1.2013.1-10

Tanaman kapas dalam program pengembangan selalu ditanam secara tumpang sari dengan palawija. Pera-kitan varietas kapas untuk mendapatkan galur yang mempunyai toleransi tinggi terhadap sistem tumpang sari dengan palawija perlu/penting dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji galur-galur unggul ka-pas yang mempunyai toleransi tinggi terhadap sistem tumpang sari dengan kacang hijau. Pengujian dilakukan di Asembagus mulai bulan Februari sampai Juli 2009. Penelitian disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok yang diulang tiga kali. Perlakuan terdiri atas enam galur unggul kapas: 99022/1, 99002/2, 99023/5, 98037, 98045/40/11, 98050/9/2/4 dan dua varietas pembanding: Kanesia 13 dan Kanesia 14. Galur-galur kapas tersebut merupa-kan hasil persilangan yang mempunyai keunggulan dalam produktivitas dan mutu serat, serta ketahanan terha-dap hama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa galur kapas yang toleran terhadap sistem tumpang sari de-ngan kacang hijau adalah galur 98050/9/2/4, dengan hasil kapas berbiji 1.940 kg/ha dan hasil kacang hijau 276 kg/ha, peningkatan hasil kapas berbiji sebesar 10,9% pada sistem tumpang sari dengan kacang hijau dibanding pada sistem monokultur dengan persentase terhadap potensi hasil 92% dan nilai kesetaraan lahan (NKL) ter-tinggi (1,57). Galur 98050/9/2/4 menunjukkan keragaan yang lebih unggul daripada Kanesia 13 dan Kanesia 14. Cotton is mainly grown under intercropping system with secondary food crops. Cotton breeding program to get high tolerance under multiple cropping with secondary crop should be conducted. Research of cotton in-tercropped with mungbean was done in Asembagus Experimental Station from February to July 2009. The field trial was lay out in a randomized block design with three replications. Monoculture of cotton and mung-bean were sown to calculate land equivalent ratio (LER). The treatments were 6 cotton lines (99022/1, 99002/2, 99023/5, 98037, 98045/40/11, 98050/9/2/4) and 2 cotton varieties (Kanesia 13 and Kanesia 14) as control varieties. The cotton lines tested were yields of cross breeding that had advantages in improving yield, lint quality, and resistance to pest. Results showed that cotton lines 6 (98050/9/2/4) was tolerant to intercropping system with mungbean yielded seed cotton and mungbean 1,940 kg/ha and 276 kg/ha, increased by 10.9% than solecrop with percentage to yield potential 92% and the highest LER (1.57). Cotton line 98050/9/2/4 had higher yield performance under intercropping than Kanesia 13 and Kanesia 14.

Kesesuaian Galur Harapan Kapas pada Sistem Tumpang Sari dengan Palawija Prima Diarini Riajaya; Fitriningdyah Tri Kadarwati
Buletin Tanaman Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri Vol 2, No 1 (2010): April 2010
Publisher : Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bultas.v2n1.2010.9-18

Tanaman kapas selalu ditumpangsarikan dengan palawija, sehingga varietas harapan yang telah dirakit hen-daknya mempunyai toleransi yang cukup tinggi terhadap persaingan. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi toleransi galur-galur harapan kapas tahan A. biguttula terhadap persaingan dengan kedelai dan jagung. Penelitian dilaksanakan di lahan petani Desa Sumber Soka, Kecamatan Mantup, Kabupaten Lamo-ngan pada bulan Maret sampai dengan Oktober 2008. Kegiatan penelitian disusun dalam rancangan petak terbagi dengan dua faktor yang diulang empat kali. Petak utama adalah galur unggul, yaitu: 99022/1 (G1); 99001/2 (G2); dan 199023/5 (G3). Anak petak adalah jenis tanaman tumpang sari, yaitu kedelai (Kd) dan jagung (J). Untuk menghitung nilai kesetaraan lahan (NKL) dilakukan penanaman monokultur kapas dari ke-tiga galur unggul, kedelai, dan jagung. Untuk masing-masing jenis tanaman monokultur diulang 2 kali. Peng-amatan dilakukan terhadap komponen pertumbuhan tanaman (vegetatif dan generatif), perkembangan po-pulasi A. biguttula, produksi kapas berbiji, jagung, dan kedelai, serta NKL. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ukuran kanopi tanaman, jumlah cabang vegetatif dan generatif yang terbentuk pada tumpang sari dengan jagung lebih besar dibanding tumpang sari dengan kedelai. Galur G1 membentuk square lebih ba-nyak dibanding galur yang lain jika ditumpangsarikan dengan jagung yaitu 10 square/tanaman pada 82 hst dan membentuk buah lebih banyak (9 buah/tanaman) pada 122 hst; galur G3 membentuk square lebih ba-nyak pada tumpang sari dengan kedelai yaitu 8 square/tanaman pada umur yang sama dan membentuk bu-ah yang lebih banyak (11 buah/tanaman). Persentase kerusakan square tertinggi terjadi pada galur G3 yang ditumpangsarikan dengan jagung (28%) dan galur G1 yang ditumpangsarikan dengan kedelai (15%). NKL dari galur-galur yang diuji tumpang sari dengan kedelai lebih tinggi (1,31,8) dibandingkan dengan tumpang sari dengan jagung (0,981,42). NKL tertinggi (1,8) ditunjukkan oleh galur G3 tumpang sari dengan kedelai. As a cash crop, cotton is intercropped with secondary food crops in Indonesia. Therefore, the promising lines of such cotton varieties should have a high tolerant to a competitions, so that their potential production would be less affected in intercropping system. The aim of this research was to evaluate the tolerance of promising-cotton lines resistant to A. biguttula in intercropping with soybean and maize. The research was conducted in farmer’s land at Sumber Soka Village, Mantup, Lamongan from March up to October 2008. The research used split plot design with two factors and four replicates. The main plots were the promising lines: 99022/1 (G1); 99001/2 (G2); and 199023/5 (G3) and sub-plots were the secondary crop species: soybean (Kd) and maize (J). For calculating land equivalent ratio (LER) we planted the cotton lines, soybean, and maize in monoculture, each of them with two replicates. Observations were made for plant growth compo-nents (vegetative and generative), development of A. biguttula population, productions of seed cotton, maize and soybean, LER, as well as a simple-partial farming analysis. In intercropping with maize, the canointercropped with soybean. Line G1 showed the highest number in forming squares in intercropping with maize (10 square/plant at 82 dap) and formed bolls more (9 bolls/plant) than the other lines; and so did line G3 in intercropping with soybean (8 square/plant) and formed 11 bolls/plant. However, square damage was also the highest occurrence in these two promising lines (1528%). LER of lines intercropped with soybean were higher (1.31.8) than that of lines intercropped with maize (0.981.42). Line G3 gives the highest LER (1.8) when intercropped with soybean. Cotton lines intercropping with soybean resulted in a better added income over monoculture system compare to that of maize intercropping.

Kesesuaian Tipe Kemasakan Varietas Tebu pada Tipologi Lahan Bertekstur Berat, Tadah Hujan, dan Drainase Lancar Prima Diarini Riajaya; Fitriningdyah Tri Kadarwati
Buletin Tanaman Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri Vol 8, No 2 (2016): Oktober 2016
Publisher : Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/btsm.v8n2.2016.88-98

Tanaman tebu merupakan salah satu tanaman perkebunan yang strategis berkaitan dengan pemenuhan kebutuhan gula. Saat ini berbagai tipe kemasakan varietas tebu dapat ditemui pada tipologi lahan yang sama sehingga potensi varietas akan sulit dicapai pada tipologi lahan yang tidak sesuai. Untuk itu kesesuaian varietas tebu dengan tipe kemasakan yang berbeda perlu diuji dengan tipologi lahan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Gili Timur, Kecamatan Kamal, Kabupaten Bangkalan dengan tipologi lahan tekstur tanah berat (B), lahan tadah hujan (H), dan drainase lancar (L) atau BHL mulai Oktober 2014 sampai September 2015. Penelitian lapang menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang diulang 5 kali dengan 8 perlakuan varietas dengan tipe kemasakan yang berbeda yaitu PS 881 (Awal); Cenning, PSJK 922, dan PS 882 (Awal Tengah); KK, VMC 76-16, PSDK 923, dan BL (Tengah Lambat). Varietas tebu yang ditanam menggunakan benih bagal mata 2–3 dengan PKP 135 cm. Kesesuaian tipologi lahan BHL dengan tipe kemasakan varietas tebu menunjukkan bahwa varietas tebu tipe kemasakan awal bila ditanam tepat waktu menghasilkan produktivitas sama dengan varietas masak tengah lambat dengan tingkat produktivitas (92,98–109,28 ton/ha). Varietas tebu dengan tipe ke masakan awal sampai awal tengah menghasilkan produktivitas tebu 93–96 ton/ha menggunakan varietas PS 881, Cenning, dan PSJK 922, dan varietas tengah lambat menghasilkan produktivitas tebu 92-109 ton/ha menggunakan varietas VMC-7616, PSDK 923, dan BL. Produksi hablur tertinggi varietas masak awal 8,46 ton/ha (PS 881), varietas awal tengah 8,66 ton/ha (PSJK 922), varietas tengah lambat 9,40 ton/ha (PSDK 923). Panen tebu dilakukan berdasarkan tingkat kemasakan yang optimal, di lokasi penelitian (wilayah Bangkalan, Madura) varietas tipe kemasakan awal sampai awal tengah mencapai tingkat kemasakan optimal pada saat tanaman mencapai umur 9 bulan dan 9,5 bulan setelah tanam pada tipe kemasakan tengah lambat. Dengan demikian pada tipologi lahan BHL direkomendasikan penggunaan varietas tebu dengan tipe kemasakan awal sampai tengah lambat. Informasi tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai dasar dalam pelaksanaan penataan varietas tebu. Pemilihan varietas yang berproduksi tinggi dan tahan kepras serta sesuai dengan lingkungan setempat sangat dianjurkan. Sugar cane is one of the strategic plantation crops associated with the fulfillment of sugar. At present various types of ripening sugarcane varieties can be found on the same land typology, so the potential productivity of a variety would be difficult to achieve on a typology that is not appropriate. The suitability of sugarcane varieties with different maturity types need to be checked with appropriate land typology. The research was conducted in East Gili, Kamal, Bangkalan on the land typology of heavy soil texture (B), the rainfed (H), and good drainage (L) or BHL started in October 2014 to September 2015. The field research was designed using a Randomized Block Design (RAK) with five replications with 8 varieties treatments namely PS 881 (early maturity), Cenning, PSJK 922 and PS 882 (middle early maturity); KK, VMC 76-16, PSDK 923 and BL (middle late maturity). Sugarcane stalks with 2-3 buds of each variety were planted per plot at 135 cm row spacing. Suitability of sugarcane varieties with different maturity types with land tipology showed that early maturity sugarcane varieties planted at the right time produced the similar productivity with late maturity varieties on lands with BHL tipology with a ranges of productivity 92.98 to 109.28 tons/ha. Sugarcane varieties with early maturity to mid early maturity of sugarcane produced 93-96 tons/ha using PS 881, Cenning, and PSJK 922, and varieties with mid late to late maturity produced 92-109 tonnes/ha using VMC-7616, PSDK 923, and BL. High sugar yields were produced by early variety of 8.46 tonnes/ha (PS 881), mid early variety of 8.66 tonnes/ha (PSJK 922), mid late variety of 9,40 tonnes/ha (PSDK 923). Cane harvesting was done based on the optimum maturity, in the study site (Bangkalan, Madura) cane varieties with early to middle early maturty reached the optimal maturity at the crop age of 9 months and 9.5 months in middle late maturity. Thus the land tipology of BHL recommended the use of sugarcane varieties with early to mid late maturity. This information can be used as a basis for the implementation of the planting management of sugarcane varieties. Selection of high yielding varieties and ratooning ability and appropriate to the local environment is highly recommended.

Studi Kelayakan Pengembangan Usaha Tani Tebu di Kabupaten Sampang Kuntoro Boga Andri; Prima Diarini Riajaya; Fitriningdyah Tri Kadarwati; Budi Santoso; Suminar Diyah Nugraheni
Buletin Tanaman Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri Vol 7, No 1 (2015): April 2015
Publisher : Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bultas.v7n1.2015.15-27

Dalam mendukung pencapaian swasembada gula, Pulau Madura menjadi salah satu sasaran lokasi pengembangan tebu. Di Kabupaten Sampang pengembangan usaha tani tebu dimulai sejak tahun 2009. Program inididukung oleh masuknya perusahaan perkebunan serta bantuan penganggaran dari APBN. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui kelayakan secara sosial dan ekonomi serta potensi pengembangan usaha tani tebu ke depan dan untuk mengetahui peluang dari usaha tani tebu ini bagi masyarakat di Pulau Madura secara umum. Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai September sampai Desember 2013 di lokasi-lokasi kecamatan pengembangan tebu Kabupaten Sampang. Informasi dikumpulkan dengan memanfaatkan data sekunder dan data primer melalui wawancara dengan individu maupun grup/kelompok masyarakat, dinas/institusi terkait. Data dianalisa menggunakan analisis deskriptif untuk memperoleh gambaran kondisi yang dihadapi dan pemecahan dari masalah yang dihadapi di wilayah yang diamati. Analisis aspek usaha tani meliputi data input-output komoditas existing dengan analisis finansial. Untuk melihat kelayakan usaha tani digunakan R/C Ratio. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kelayakan usaha tani tebu adalah kepemilikan lahan, insentif rangsangan dana bantuan sosial (Bansos) APBN dan subsidi pengembangan Tebu Madura (Dinas Perkebunan Provinsi), serta kerja sama kemitraaan dengan pabrik gula (PTPN X) yang menawarkan bantuan modal, subsidi saprotan, alat/mesin pertanian, serta jaminan pasar. Kemitraan yang telah ada antara PTPN X dengan petani tebu di Sampang dapat dikategorikan dalam tipe kemitraan subkontrak dan layak diteruskan. Skema yang sudah diterapkan dalam kontrak ini adalah pola kemitraan antara pemerintah daerah, swasta (PTPN X), dan petani tebu. Usaha tani tebu dengan R/C ratio sebesar 1,05 dan 1,68 dan pendapatan bersih Rp1.358.920,00/ha dan Rp14.024.360,00/ha pada usaha tani tebu awal dan tebu kepras I, membuktikan usaha tani tebu di lokasi penelitian sangat layak untuk diusahakan dan menguntungkan. Selain peluang bagi masyarakat memanfaatkan potensi lahan tidur dan sub-optimal untuk pengembangan usaha tani tebu yang memberikan manfaat ekonomi bagi masyarakat di Kabupaten Sampang. In order to achieve self-sufficient in sugar consumption, the Madura Island became one of the targets of sugar cane development area. In Sampang Regency, the development of sugar cane agribusiness have been started since 2009. This program was supported by the companies as well as financial supported from national budget (APBN). The study aims to determine the feasibility of social and economic as well as the potentialfor future development of sugar cane farming and to understand the opportunities of the farming for community in Madura Island on the whole. The study was conducted from September to December 2013 at 14 districts of sugar cane developing area in Sampang. Information was collected by using secondary data and primary data through interviews with individual and group/community groups, agencies/institutions concerned. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis to obtain a description of the conditions encountered and the solving of problems encountered in the observed region. The analysis covers aspects of farm commodity input-output data with the existing financial analysis. To look at the feasibility of farming used the R/C ratio. The results of the study showed that some factors which influenced the farmer to plant the cane were: land ownership; the stimuli of incentives from social grants (Bansos) from APBN and subsidy from projectdevelopment (from Provincial Agricultural office); the cooperation of partners through sugar company (PTPN X) which offered grants, input subsidy, equipments/agriculture machinery as well as market assurance. The partnership among PTPN X and the sugar cane farmers in Sampang was feasible and categorized a subcontract partnership type. Meanwhile, the scheme that had been implemented in this type of contract was thepartnership pattern between local government, private (PTPN X) and the sugar cane farmers. The sugar cane farming with R/C ratio of 1.05 and 1.68, or net income recieved of Rp1,358,920/ha and Rp14,024,360/ha atthe first harvested and second period harvested, proving that the farming in the study area is feasible to carry on and profitable. In addition, it is the opportunities to develop the potential of the unused and suboptialland for sugar cane agribusiness development that provides economic benefits to the community in Sampang Regency.

Respon Pemberian Paclobutrazol pada Beberapa Varietas Kapas (Gossypium hirsutum L.) di Lahan Sawah Sesudah Padi Budi Santoso; Fitriningdyah Tri Kadarwati
Buletin Tanaman Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri Vol 3, No 1 (2011): April 2011
Publisher : Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bultas.v3n1.2011.30-37

Kapas (Gossypium hirsutum L.) merupakan penghasil serat alam yang digunakan untuk bahan baku tekstil. Pengembangan kapas diarahkan ke lahan-lahan marginal, walaupun sebagian ada yang ditanam pada sawah sesudah padi. Tingkat produktivitas serat kapas, saat ini masih rendah sekitar 0,8 sampai dengan 1 ton per hektar. Usaha peningkatan produksi kapas antara lain dengan pemberian zat stimulan (paclobutrazol), teruta-ma untuk memacu pertumbuhan vegetatif dan generatif seperti tinggi tanaman, jumlah cabang, jumlah bu-nga, dan jumlah buah. Kedua komponen tersebut menjadi penentu hasil serat. Paclobutrazol adalah zat stimu-lan bagi tanaman. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Sumberrejo, Bojonegoro pada bulan Mei sam-pai dengan Oktober 2010, pada lahan sawah sesudah padi. Perlakuan disusun secara faktorial dengan meng-gunakan rancangan acak kelompok yang diulang sebanyak empat kali. Sebagai faktor pertama adalah 4 varietas kapas yang terdiri atas 1) Kanesia 8, 2) Kanesia 13, 3) Kanesia 14, dan 4) Kanesia 15. Faktor kedua adalah pemberian paclobutrazol melalui penyemprotan pada tanaman dengan dosis: a) 0; b) 1,50 l/ha diberikan sekali pada umur 60 hari; dan c) 1,50 l/ha diberikan dua kali umur 60 hari dan 75 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kapas varietas Kanesia 8 dan 13 yang ditanam di lahan sawah sesudah padi mempunyai pertumbuhan vegetatif dan generatif optimal, kemudian disusul dengan Kanesia 13, Kanesia 14, dan Ka-nesia 15. Paclobutrazol yang disemprotkan pada tanaman kapas, tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan baik vegetatif maupun generatif. Hasil kapas berbiji untuk varietas kapas Kanesia 8 dan Kanesia 13 sama, masing-masing sebesar 1.643 kg/ha dan 1.686 kg/ha. Cotton is a natural fibre crop for some textile raw material. The development of cotton is directed mainly to marginal lands, although few of it is planted in paddy fields after rice harvested. The productivity level of cotton fibre, is still low, about 0.8 to 1 ton per hectare. Effort to increase cotton production is done through the application of growth regulator aiming at enhancing to the growth of plant height, number of branches, number of flower, and boll. These components are fibre determinans. Research conducted at Sumberrejo Ex-perimental Garden, Bojonegoro from May to October 2010, in paddy fields after rice harvested. Factorial treat-ment arranged using randomized block design repeated four times. The first factor consisting of four cotton varieties: 1) Kanesia 8, 2) Kanesia 13, 3) Kanesia 14, and 4) Kanesia 15. The second factor is application of pa-clobutrazol by spraying the plants with usage of: a) 0, b) 1.50 l/ha given once at age 60 days, and c) 1.50 l/ ha given twice at the age of 60 days and 75 days. The research showed that Kanesia 8 and Kanesia 13 varie-ties gave optimum vegetative and generative growth followed with Kanesia 13, Kanesia 14, and Kanesia 15. Paclobutrazol did not contribute significant effect on the growth of both vegetative and generative of cotton. The productivity of seed cotton of Kanesia 8 and Kanesia 13, 1,643 kg/ha and 1,686 kg/ha, respectively.

Potensi Sumber Daya Iklim di Kabupaten Bone untuk Pengembangan Tanaman Tebu Prima Diarini Riajaya; Fitriningdyah Tri Kadarwati; . Djumali
Buletin Tanaman Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri Vol 7, No 1 (2015): April 2015
Publisher : Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bultas.v7n1.2015.28-44

Salah satu wilayah pengembangan tanaman tebu lahan kering di Sulawesi Selatan terdapat di Kabupaten Bone dengan dua pabrik gula (PG) yaitu PG Bone dan PG Camming. Produktivitas tebu dan rendemen sangat berfluktuasi dan dipengaruhi oleh faktor iklim selain pengelolaan on farm. Dengan demikian potensi sumber daya iklim yang berpengaruh terhadap produktivitas tebu dan rendemen perlu diketahui. Analisis data iklim di Kabupaten Bone dilaksanakan mulai bulan Juni 2012 sampai Desember 2013. Data yang diperlukan terdiri atas curah hujan, suhu maksimum, suhu minimum, kelembapan, lama penyinaran, dan kecepatan angin yang terkumpul dari Dinas PU Pengairan Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan, PG Camming, dan PG Bone. Data produktivitas tebu dan rendemen diperoleh dari PG Camming dan PG Bone. Awal dan akhir musim hujan, peluang hujan, serta lama periode kering ditentukan berdasarkan metode Markov Chain FirstOrder Probability. Pola sebaran hujan ditentukan berdasarkan isohiet yang dibuat menggunakan program ArcGIS 9.03. Evapotranspirasi dihitung berdasarkan hasil analisis neraca air berdasarkan metode Penman-Monteith menggunakan program CROPWAT 8.0. Sebaran curah hujan tahunan di Kabupaten Bone didominasi oleh pola hujan tahunan >2.000 mm dan 1.500–2.000 mm dan sebagian kecil wilayah Timur dengan curah hujan tahunan <1.000 mm. Tingginya curah hujan yang berlangsung sepanjang tahun menyebabkan rata-rata periode hari kering relatif pendek yaitu 66–92 hari. Evapotranspirasi potensial di wilayah PG Camming berkisar 1.268–1.288 mm sehingga potensi curah hujan dapat memenuhi kebutuhan air tanaman tebu. Tekstur tanah di sebagian besar wilayah pengembangan tebu di Bone adalah tekstur berat dan drainase lahan jelek maka potensi lahan tergenang cukup tinggi. Dengan potensi sumber daya iklim tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa di sebagian besar wilayah PG Bone dan PG Camming optimasi masa tanam sangat penting dan menggunakan varietas tebu masak awal yang tahan kelebihan air terutama pada wilayah dengan curah hujan >2.000 mm/tahun. Selain itu perlu ditunjang dengan usaha memanen air hujan yang melimpah dan perbaikan drainase. Waktu tanam yang optimum adalah tengah bulan pertama Oktober sampai tengah bulan pertama November (10A–11A) di wilayah PG Camming dan tengah bulan pertama November (11A) di wilayah PG Bone. One of sugar cane cultivation area of dry land in South Sulawesi concentrated in Bone regency with two sugar mills (Bone and Camming). The productivity of sugar cane and sugar are fluctuated and mostly causedby climatic factors. Therefore, climate resources in Bone regency that influence sugar cane growth and yield need to be evaluated. Analysis of climate data in Bone regency was conducted from June 2012 up to December 2013 based on the data of rainfall, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, humidity, sun shine duration, and wind speed collected from the Department of Irrigation Works South Sulawesi Province, Camming and Bone Sugar Mills. Cane and sugar production were collected from Camming and Bone Sugar Mills. The onset and end of rainy season, length of dryspell, and rainfall probability were analysed by The MarkovChain First Order Probability Method. Rainfall pattern was determined by using isohiet. Evapotranspiration was calculated by water balance analysis. Rainfall pattern in Bone was dominated by annual rainfall pattern >2,000 mm and 1,500–2,000 mm, eastern part of Bone has annual rainfall pattern <1,000 mm. The high rainfall that lasted throughout the year resulted in relatively short average dry day (66–92 days). Potential evapotranspiration in the region of Camming Sugar Mill ranges from 1,268 to 1,288 mm so the annual rainfall can meet crop water requirement of sugar cane. Heavy soil texture and bad soil drainage in Bone regions resulted in flooded land. Based on climate resources, it indicates that in most areas of the Bone and Camming Sugar Mills optimization of planting time is critical, use of sugar cane varieties with early maturity and resistant to excess water, and effort to harvest the abundant rainwater especially in areas with rainfall >2000mm/year, and improvement in drainage system. Optimum planting season in Camming Sugar Mill is the first half of October to second half of November (10A–11A) and the first half of November (11A) in Bone SugarMill.

Improvement of Cane Yield and Sugar Yield of Sugarcane (Sacharrum officinarum) Through Maintaining Ratoon FITRININGDYAH TRI KADARWATI; BUDI SANTOSO; AHMAD DHIAUL KHULUQ
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 21, No 4 (2015): Desember 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v21n4.2015.199-205

ABSTRACTThe level of sugarcane yield in dry land or rainfed generally still low at 40 to 50 tons per hectare. Farmers prefer maintenance of sugarcane than unloading ratoon cane (RC). This can be understood because unloading RC requires high cost, especially in the purchase of seed cane and tillage. Approach through maintaining ratoon techniques are expected to increase production and sugar yield. The research purposes to obtain cane yield and sugar yield RC optimally with maintaining ratoon techniques in dry land. Research has conducted in the Ngimbang, Lamongan district from June 2013 until August 2014. Sugarcane varieties used PS 862 (early ripening) belong to farmers. The study compiled by randomized block design (RBD) and repeated 3 times. The treatment consisted of 1). Replanting; 2). Off barring; 3). Organic fertilizer; 4). Maintaining 10 plants/m; 5). Giving PGR; 6). The package of (1+2); 7). The package of (1+2+3); 8). The package of (1+2+3+4); 9). The package of (1+2+3+4+5); and 10). Control. The results showed that the complete treatment of maintaining ratoon (replanting, off barring, organic fertilizer, maintaining 10 plants/m and PGR) obtained the highest value on the highgrowth parameters include 304.67 cm and a diameter of 3.16 cm, while the production parameters include the stalk number 5.73 stalk/m, stalk weight 1.29 kg/stalk, and stalk length 264.11 cm. Maintaining ratoon could gave the best cane yield and sugar yield than ratoon plants without maintaining ratoon cane with an increase of cane yield 16.20 tons/ha (32.14%) and an increase of sugar yield 1.38% (25.60%). Maintaining on ratoon cane 4th on rainfed significantly increase the production of sugarcane per hectare although not linear with increasing sugar yield.Keywords: Maintaining ratoon, PS 862 varieties, dry land, Sacharrum officinarum PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI DAN RENDEMEN TEBU (Sacharrum officinarum) MELALUI RAWAT RATOONABSTRAKTingkat produktivitas tebu di lahan kering atau tadah hujan umumnya masih rendah sebesar 40 sampai dengan 50 ton per hektar. Para petani tebu lebih memilih rawat ratoon daripada membongkar tebu ratoon (RC). Hal tersebut dapat dipahami karena membongkar ratoon membutuhkan biaya yang lebih besar, terutama dalam pembelian bibit tebu dan olah tanah. Pendekatan melalui teknik rawat ratoon diharapkan dapat meningkatkan produksi dan rendemen tebu. Tujuan dari penelitian untuk memperoleh pertanaman tebu dengan teknik rawat ratoon yang berproduksi dan berendemen optimal di lahan kering. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Ngimbang, Kabupaten Lamongan mulai Juni 2013 sampai Agustus 2014. Varietas tebu yang digunakan yaitu PS 862 (masak awal) milik petani. Penelitian disusun dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang diulang 3 kali. Perlakuan terdiri atas 1). Sulam; 2). Pedot Oyot; 3). Pupuk Organik; 4). Pertahankan 10 tanaman/m; 5). Pemberian ZPT; 6). Paket (1+2); 7). Paket (1+2+3); 8). Paket (1+2+3+4); 9). Paket (1+2+3+4+5); dan 10). Kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan lengkap pada rawat ratoon (sulam, pedot oyot, pupuk organik, 10 tanaman/m dan ZPT) diperoleh nilai tertinggi pada parameter pertumbuhan meliputi tinggi 304,67 cm dan diameter 3,16 cm, sedangkan parameter produksi meliputi jumlah batang terpanen 5,73 batang/m, bobot batang 1,29 kg/batang, dan panjang batang 264,11 cm. Rawat ratoon dapat memberikan hasil produksi dan rendemen terbaik dibandingkan tanaman tebu tanpa rawat ratoon dengan kenaikan sebesar 16,20 ton/ha (32,14%) dan peningkatan angka rendemen 1,38% (25,60%). Rawat ratoon RC 4 pada lahan tadah hujan secara signifikan meningkatkan produksi tebu perhektar meskipun tidak linier dengan peningkatan rendemen gula.Kata kunci: Rawat ratoon, varietas PS 862, lahan kering, Sacharrum officinarum

EVALUASI KESUBURAN TANAH UNTUK PERTANAMAN TEBU DI KABUPATEN REMBANG, JAWA TENGAH / Evaluation of Soil Fertility to Sugarcane at Rembang District, Central Java Fitriningdyah Tri Kadarwati
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 22, No 2 (2016): Juni, 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v22n2.2016.53-62

Rembang District is an area of Central Java production center which has the main characteristics dominated by dry land. Dry land issues related to the low availability of water and nutrients. It determines the area of soil fertility conditions. Soil fertility affects the growth, production, and yield of sugarcane. Study of soil fertility conducted through the soil fertility evaluation methods of chemical analysis of matching data criteria soil with soil chemical properties. The sampling method is based on the land unit mapping. Soil fertility assessment based on the analysis of soil chemical properties that include cation exchange capacity (NH4Oac extraction method), pH (pH meter), C-Organic (Walkey and Black method), base saturation (estimation of pH mapping), P2O5 (Olsen and Bray-1 method), and available K (flamephotometer). Soil fertility in Rembang district classified into low until moderate. The limiting factor in soil fertility were consists of nitrogen content, cation exchange capacity, pH, available P2O5, organic carbon, and available K

Improvement of Cane Yield and Sugar Yield of Sugarcane (Sacharrum officinarum) Through Maintaining Ratoon FITRININGDYAH TRI KADARWATI; BUDI SANTOSO; AHMAD DHIAUL KHULUQ
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 21, No 4 (2015): Desember 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v21n4.2015.199-205

ABSTRACTThe level of sugarcane yield in dry land or rainfed generally still low at 40 to 50 tons per hectare. Farmers prefer maintenance of sugarcane than unloading ratoon cane (RC). This can be understood because unloading RC requires high cost, especially in the purchase of seed cane and tillage. Approach through maintaining ratoon techniques are expected to increase production and sugar yield. The research purposes to obtain cane yield and sugar yield RC optimally with maintaining ratoon techniques in dry land. Research has conducted in the Ngimbang, Lamongan district from June 2013 until August 2014. Sugarcane varieties used PS 862 (early ripening) belong to farmers. The study compiled by randomized block design (RBD) and repeated 3 times. The treatment consisted of 1). Replanting; 2). Off barring; 3). Organic fertilizer; 4). Maintaining 10 plants/m; 5). Giving PGR; 6). The package of (1+2); 7). The package of (1+2+3); 8). The package of (1+2+3+4); 9). The package of (1+2+3+4+5); and 10). Control. The results showed that the complete treatment of maintaining ratoon (replanting, off barring, organic fertilizer, maintaining 10 plants/m and PGR) obtained the highest value on the highgrowth parameters include 304.67 cm and a diameter of 3.16 cm, while the production parameters include the stalk number 5.73 stalk/m, stalk weight 1.29 kg/stalk, and stalk length 264.11 cm. Maintaining ratoon could gave the best cane yield and sugar yield than ratoon plants without maintaining ratoon cane with an increase of cane yield 16.20 tons/ha (32.14%) and an increase of sugar yield 1.38% (25.60%). Maintaining on ratoon cane 4th on rainfed significantly increase the production of sugarcane per hectare although not linear with increasing sugar yield.Keywords: Maintaining ratoon, PS 862 varieties, dry land, Sacharrum officinarum PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI DAN RENDEMEN TEBU (Sacharrum officinarum) MELALUI RAWAT RATOONABSTRAKTingkat produktivitas tebu di lahan kering atau tadah hujan umumnya masih rendah sebesar 40 sampai dengan 50 ton per hektar. Para petani tebu lebih memilih rawat ratoon daripada membongkar tebu ratoon (RC). Hal tersebut dapat dipahami karena membongkar ratoon membutuhkan biaya yang lebih besar, terutama dalam pembelian bibit tebu dan olah tanah. Pendekatan melalui teknik rawat ratoon diharapkan dapat meningkatkan produksi dan rendemen tebu. Tujuan dari penelitian untuk memperoleh pertanaman tebu dengan teknik rawat ratoon yang berproduksi dan berendemen optimal di lahan kering. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Ngimbang, Kabupaten Lamongan mulai Juni 2013 sampai Agustus 2014. Varietas tebu yang digunakan yaitu PS 862 (masak awal) milik petani. Penelitian disusun dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang diulang 3 kali. Perlakuan terdiri atas 1). Sulam; 2). Pedot Oyot; 3). Pupuk Organik; 4). Pertahankan 10 tanaman/m; 5). Pemberian ZPT; 6). Paket (1+2); 7). Paket (1+2+3); 8). Paket (1+2+3+4); 9). Paket (1+2+3+4+5); dan 10). Kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan lengkap pada rawat ratoon (sulam, pedot oyot, pupuk organik, 10 tanaman/m dan ZPT) diperoleh nilai tertinggi pada parameter pertumbuhan meliputi tinggi 304,67 cm dan diameter 3,16 cm, sedangkan parameter produksi meliputi jumlah batang terpanen 5,73 batang/m, bobot batang 1,29 kg/batang, dan panjang batang 264,11 cm. Rawat ratoon dapat memberikan hasil produksi dan rendemen terbaik dibandingkan tanaman tebu tanpa rawat ratoon dengan kenaikan sebesar 16,20 ton/ha (32,14%) dan peningkatan angka rendemen 1,38% (25,60%). Rawat ratoon RC 4 pada lahan tadah hujan secara signifikan meningkatkan produksi tebu perhektar meskipun tidak linier dengan peningkatan rendemen gula.Kata kunci: Rawat ratoon, varietas PS 862, lahan kering, Sacharrum officinarum

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