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The Contribution of Agroforestry To Rural Household Income at the Grand Forest Park Riani, Windy Mardiqa; Sunkar, Arzyana; Sundawati, Leti
Journal of Rural Indonesia [JORI] Vol 3, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Journal of Rural Indonesia [JORI]

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Agroforestry is a form of land management system that combines agriculture with trees. Agroforestry have been much practiced in rural areas to enhance the areaâ€™s economic conditions. It is often practiced on com- munity-owned land through the harvesting of fruits, timbers, and food plants like paddy, tubers, spices, and vegetable. As indicated Â by various literatures, most of the contributions were attained from fruits, followed by food plant and timbers. Such would raised a question as to the economic contribution of agroforestry if practiced on government-owned land that do not allow the cutting of timbers and intensive agriculture such as in protected areas that have specific function as biodiversity preservation sites. This research was carried out in Wan Abdul Rachman Grand Forest Park, a protected area within the Province of Lampung, Indonesia. The sampled areas comprised of three villages directly adjacent to the Park where the majority of the people worked in agroforestry farms within the Park. Respondents were selected through random sampling method. The role of agroforestry in incresing farm income were evident by its contribution which amounted to 45.96% of the total householdâ€™s income through the selling of fruits and food plants to the local wholesalers. Income from agroforestry were able to meet almost half (49,26%) of the rural livelihoodâ€™s needs. The most dominant plants that generated high incomes in the three villages were coffee (Anacolosa frutescens) and cocoa (Theobroma cacao).Keywords: agroforestry, wan abdul rachman, grand forest park, rural household

The Contribution of Agroforestry To Rural Household Income at the Grand Forest Park Riani, Windy Mardiqa; Sunkar, Arzyana; Sundawati, Leti
Journal of Rural Indonesia [JORI] Vol. 3 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Journal of Rural Indonesia [JORI]

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Agroforestry is a form of land management system that combines agriculture with trees. Agroforestry have been much practiced in rural areas to enhance the areaâ€™s economic conditions. It is often practiced on com- munity-owned land through the harvesting of fruits, timbers, and food plants like paddy, tubers, spices, and vegetable. As indicated Â by various literatures, most of the contributions were attained from fruits, followed by food plant and timbers. Such would raised a question as to the economic contribution of agroforestry if practiced on government-owned land that do not allow the cutting of timbers and intensive agriculture such as in protected areas that have specific function as biodiversity preservation sites. This research was carried out in Wan Abdul Rachman Grand Forest Park, a protected area within the Province of Lampung, Indonesia. The sampled areas comprised of three villages directly adjacent to the Park where the majority of the people worked in agroforestry farms within the Park. Respondents were selected through random sampling method. The role of agroforestry in incresing farm income were evident by its contribution which amounted to 45.96% of the total householdâ€™s income through the selling of fruits and food plants to the local wholesalers. Income from agroforestry were able to meet almost half (49,26%) of the rural livelihoodâ€™s needs. The most dominant plants that generated high incomes in the three villages were coffee (Anacolosa frutescens) and cocoa (Theobroma cacao).Keywords: agroforestry, wan abdul rachman, grand forest park, rural household

Independent Smallholder Oil Palm Expansion and Its Impact On Deforestation: Case Study in Kampar District, Riau Province, Indonesia Erniwati Erniwati; Ervizal AM. Zuhud; Iswandi Anas; Arzyana Sunkar; Yanto Santosa
Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika Vol. 23 No. 3 (2017)
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB University)

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Independent smallholders who manage their own oil palm plantations without receiving technical assistance and agricultural inputs from oil palm estates or government have been increasing rapidly in Indonesia in recent years. However the magnitude of their impacts on tropical forest deforestation remains largely unevaluated. The objective of this study was to explore the history of land use, and the changes in land cover and status since the onset of oil palm plantation activities. The study was conducted from March to April 2016. Surveys were carried out in 30 ha of independent smallholder oil palm in Kampar District, Riau Province. To identify the land status, the Agreed functional forest classification (TGHK) and Provincial land use planning (RTRWP) maps were overlaid on images of the area of independent smallholder oil palm. Landsat images three years before oil palm was established were used to assess forest cover changes. Furthermore, oil palm smallholders and elders of the local community in the research area were interviewed to identify land use prior to oil palm. Our results showed that, based on land status, 47% of the area of independent smallholders’ oil palm derived from logged forest; that is the land changed in status from forest to oil palm plantation. The other 53% of oil palm area derived from non-forested land. The land use history before the establishment of independent smallholder oil palm mostly comprised general-purpose field activities and former forest-felling (forest concessions). The land cover before conversion into oil palm comprised rubber plantation, secondary forest, and shrub cover. From the results of our survey, we conclude that most of the oil palm plantations planted between 1990 and 2002 have their origins not in primary forest, but rather in degraded secondary forest, former fields, and shrub-land. These results imply that conversion of forest area into oil palm plantations is not the direct cause of deforestation in the tropical forests of Kampar, Riau Province.

ALTERNATIF STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN TAMAN WISATA ALAM KAWAH KAMOJANG KABUPATEN BANDUNG PROPINSI JAWA BARAT Poppy Oktadiyani; E.K.S. Harini Muntasib; Arzyana Sunkar
Media Konservasi Vol 10 No 2 (2005): Media Konservasi
Publisher : Department of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecotourism - IPB University

Kawah Kamojang (Kamojang Crater) Nature Recreational Park is located in Bandung Regency within West Java Province. With regards to various stakeholders managing and utilizing the area, an appropriate strategic management plan was considered necessary to be developed. Based on SWOT analysis, collaborative management seems to be a good alternative form of management strategy for the area.Key words : strategy, management, nature recreational park, collaborative, stakeholder

RESOURCE SUSTAINABILITY: THE DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGE IN RESOURCE-POOR AREA (Keberkelanjutan Sumberdaya: Tantangan Pembangunan di Kawasan Miskin Sumberdaya) Arzyana Sunkar
Media Konservasi Vol 13 No 1 (2008): Media Konservasi
Publisher : Department of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecotourism - IPB University

Keberlanjutan (sustainability) menekankan pada hubungan antara lingkungan dan manusia dengan tujuan mencapai kelestarian lingkungan serta meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Sayangnya konsep ini berkaitan dengan menurunnya ketersediaan sumberdaya alam yang disebabkan oleh eksploitasi yang berlebihan. Masyarakat yang terlibat eksploitasi sumberdaya alam secara langsung serta yang kesejahteraannya, baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung, sangat tergantung pada sumberdaya alam, adalah mereka yang hidup di daerah pedesaan. Masyarakat pedesaan seringkali kesulitan dalam membuat keputusan mengenai sumberdaya alam, dimana di satu sisi, mereka perlu untuk memanfaatkan sumberdaya alam, tetapi di sisi lain, mereka perlu melestarikan kapasitas produktif dari sumberdaya tersebut untuk menopang kesejahteraannya. Situasi ini menjadi lebih buruk jika ketersediaan sumberdaya alam di kawasan tersebut sudah sangat terbatas, karena hal ini akan meningkatkan proses eksploitasi. Sehingga, pembangunan berkelanjutan di kawasan pedesaan adalah sebenarnya mengenai ketahanan pangan (food security), yang seringkali diperoleh dengan mengorbankan lingkungan. Salah satu contoh kawasan miskin sumberdaya alam adalah Karst Gunung Sewu. Ketahanan hidup masyarakat Gunung Sewu sangat ditentukan oleh ketersediaan sumberdaya alam di lingkungannya, sehingga adopsi mereka terhadap suatu sistem pertanian tertentu, dapat menunjukkan bagaimana mereka berupaya untuk mengimbangi kebutuhan-kebutuhan agar dapat terus hidup. Pertahanan untuk terus hidup dengan hanya memanfaatkan sumberdaya yang terbatas ini, menunjukkan bahwa pemanfaatan sumberdaya alam yang berkelanjutan di daerah pedesaan terutama di kawasan miskin sumberdaya alam merupakan suatu tantangan pembangunan di kawasan pedesaan. Masyarakat Gunung Sewu telah mengembangkan cara-cara tradisional dalam memanfaatkan serta melestarikan sumberdaya alamnya untuk memastikan adanya efisiensi dalam pemanfaatan sumberdaya untuk produksi pangan. Strategi pemanfaatan lahan yang dipilih dipengaruhi oleh kondisi sosio-ekonomi termasuk budaya, sedangkan strategi untuk meningkatkan pendapatan lebih dipengaruhi oleh kondisi fisik lingkungannya (Sunkar, 2008).Kata kunci: Keberlanjutan, pengelolaan sumberdaya alam, kawasan miskin sumberdaya alam, pangan, Karst Gunung Sewu

DEFORESTATION AND ROCKY DESERTIFICATION PROCESSES IN GUNUNG SEWU KARST LANDSCAPE (Proses Deforestasi dan Rocky Desertifcation di Landskap Karst Gunung Sewu) Arzyana Sunkar
Media Konservasi Vol 13 No 3 (2008): Media Konservasi
Publisher : Department of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecotourism - IPB University

Kerapuhan suatu kawasan karst merupakan dasar terbentuknya rocky desertification, yaitu proses yang merubah kawasan karst yang sebelumnya ditutupi oleh vegetasi dan tanah, menjadi landskap batuan hampir tanpa vegetasi dan tanah (Yuan, 1991: 1). Pada kenyataannya, hal ini diperparah dengan pertumbuhan populasi manusia dan meningkatnya deforestasi yang menambah tekanan terhadap kesuburan tanah seperti yang terlihat di kawasan Karst Gunung Sewu. Studi pustaka yang meliputi analisis isi (content analysis) dari bahan-bahan sekunder diperlukan untuk mengumpulkan data serta informasi yang terkait dengan sejarah perubahan landskap Gunung Sewu. Selain itu, data dan informasi juga dikumpulkan dari pengamatan langsung di lapangan serta wawancara dengan kelompok petani. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa telah terjadi perubahan landskap di kawasan Karst Gunung Sewu yang terkait dengan budaya membuka lahan untuk bertani.Di Gunung Sewu, populasi manusia yang berlebihan menyebabkan meluasnya pembukaan wilayah hutan untuk areal pertanian serta pemukiman. Pembukaan lahan yang terus menerus akibat deforestasi meningkatkan erosi tanah sehingga tutupan vegetasi maupun tanah menurun yang diikuti oleh meningkatnya singkapan batuan karst.Keywords: deforestasi, rocky desertification, Gunung Sewu, karst

IDENTIFIKASI KINERJA DAN KESENJANGAN STAKEHOLDER DALAM PELESTARIAN ELANG JAWA [Spizaetus bartelsi] Kuswandono .; Arzyana Sunkar; Lilik Budi Prasetyo
Media Konservasi Vol 15 No 2 (2010): Media Konservasi Vol. 15 Nomor 2, Agustus 2010
Publisher : Department of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecotourism - IPB University

This approach is quite different from existing conservation actions, which are site based and fragmented. Research was conducted since December 2009 until February 2010 in Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park (GGPNP), Telaga Warna Nature Reserve and its surrounding forested areas. The objectives of this study were to: 1) identify relevant stakeholders in Javan Hawk-eagle conservation, 2) identify regulation related to Javan Hawk-eagle conservation, 3) analyze stakeholder performance related to Javan Hawk-eagle conservation, 4) analyze the gaps in Javan Hawk-eagle conservation (gap in normative performance and implemented performance, gap between groups of stakeholders within protected areas and outside area, and gap performance among stakeholders within protected areas, and 5) identify factors causing the gaps. Primary data were collected using indepth interview and field observation. Stakeholders were identified through snowball method. Secondary data were collected through reference study. Data analysis were conducted using spatial analysis, stakeholder identification and analysis, content analysis and gap analysis. Research results recognized two conservation management approaches: 1) species level, and 2) habitat level. These approaches would effectively conserve the existing fragmented and less protected forest blocks as well as boost the participation and synergism of many stakeholders. Further, by using this approach, a gap in conservation management among local conservation agencies would also be discussed for the benefit of the Javan Hawk-eagle’s conservation in particular and for biodiversity in general. Keywords: conservation, stakeholders, performance, gap analysis, Javan Hawk-eagle

MODAL SOSIAL MASYARAKAT DI KAWASAN PENYANGGA TAMAN NASIONAL KUTAI (TNK) DALAM PENGEMBANGAN EKOWISATA Poppy Oktadiyani; E.K.S Harini Muntasib; Arzyana Sunkar
Media Konservasi Vol 18 No 1 (2013): Media Konservasi Vol. 18 No. 1 April 2013
Publisher : Department of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecotourism - IPB University

Kutai National Park (KNP) is a national park that is bordered by a coal mining company, PT. Kaltim Prima Coal (PT. KPC). Located between the park and the company are communities living in the Kabo Jaya Hamlet of Swarga Bara Village and G III Hamlet of Singa Gembara Village who were economically dependent on this company. A main concern prior to the post-mining period in 2021 is the lost of source of livelihood which could trigger the exploitation of the national park. Therefore, with the natural resources available in P revab-Mentoko KNP, Tanjung Bara Beach, and Tanjung Bara Mangrove, as alternative sources of livelihood, the idea of utilizing these resources for ecotourism purposes arose to prepare the community for PT. KPC’s post-mining period. The research aims to study the social capital of ecotourism development in the KNP buffer zone. Data were collected using several methods including field observation, participative observation, in depth interview, and literature study. The research used several methods of analysis including Social Capital Assesment Tools (SCAT) to assess the community’s social capitals, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to assess the relationships between social capital variables, and descriptive analysis to evaluate each stakeholder’s ecotourism development policies. Social capital adequacy value for Kabo Jaya Hamlet of Swarga Bara Village was 173 (sufficient) and that of G III Hamlet of Singa Gembara Village was 159 (insufficient). Ecotourism development was less difficult in Kabo Jaya Hamlet based on its existing social capital with the Kabo Jaya Ecotourism Group. Every element of social capital in G III Hamlet significantly affect the social capital, and the most significant element is care for others and the environment. Keywords: Community, ecotourism, G III Hamlet, Kabo Jaya Hamlet, Social Capital.

PENYUSUNAN INDEKS KINERJA POLISI KEHUTANAN BALAI KONSERVASI SUMBER DAYA ALAM Siti Asiyatun; Arzyana Sunkar; Hardjanto .
Media Konservasi Vol 15 No 3 (2010): Media Konservasi Vol. 15 No. 3 Desember 2010
Publisher : Department of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecotourism - IPB University

Forest ranger is one of Natural Resources Conservation Agency (BKSDA) human resources that is assigned the job to protect and secure forests. They played very important role within The Ministry of Forestry. As civil servant, forest ranger is evaluated using Performance Appraisal and Credit Unit. On average, they achieved higher job rank in more than four year, which is thought to be too long. A method to enhance their performance is thus necessary. The research objective was to formulate performance index for four levels of forest ranger's namely: junior forest ranger, forest ranger, senior forest ranger, and supervisor of forest ranger. The research was conducted in two BKSDA, in the Provinces of Central Java and Special Region of Yogyakarta. The performance was determined using (i) criteria and indicators, (ii) weighted indicators and (iii) performance index’s limit as requirement for promotion. The criteria and indicators were set fixed from forest ranger’s duty, then indicator's values were defined by using Analytical Hierarchy Process’s (AHP) assessed by experts. Performance index has five performance criteria: educational background; conducting forest protection and security operation; conducting oversight of forest products, floras and faunas circulation; professional capacity building; and carrying out complementary activities. Each of these criteria had indicators which the amount depended on the rank of forest ranger. Results of the Performance Index for each forest ranger’s level were 111 for junior forest ranger, 213 for forest ranger, 125 for senior forest ranger, and 72 for supervisor of forest ranger. Keywords: forest ranger, human resources, performance index, criteria, indicator value

UJI STANDAR KINERJA PENGELOLAAN TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG HALIMUN SALAK PADA PRINSIP KELESTARIAN FUNGSI SOSIAL BUDAYA Allan Rosehan; Arzyana Sunkar; Sambas Basuni
Media Konservasi Vol 15 No 2 (2010): Media Konservasi Vol. 15 Nomor 2, Agustus 2010
Publisher : Department of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecotourism - IPB University

The current national park management did not fully take into account the sustainability of socio cultural benefits, particularly for indigenous communities. Therefore the park’s performance achievement on the aspect of socio cultural required to be assessed by using tested management standards. The research objectives were: (1) to measure the actual verifier and assess the indicators formulated by the Directorate General of Forest Protection and Nature Conservation and Bogor Agricultural University in Gunung Halimun Salak National Park (GHSNP), (2) to analyze the validity of management performance indicators of GHSNP (3) to measure the achievement of each indicator based on a minimum standard of performance, and (4) to formulate recommendations for improving management standards. The results showed that: (1) the actual value of management performance indicators for GHSNP was good for one indicator and fair for four indicators. There were four indicators that could not be measured and assessed; (2) eight of the nine indicators which have been tested in the field were valid; (3) the achievement of performance indicators for GHSNP management on the principle of socio-cultural sustainability has achieved its minimum values; and (4) the standard management of national park should be completed because field results showed that, there were difficulties measuring the verifiers and assessing the indicators. This research found that there were inconsistency on the terminology used in the standards, lack of operational definition, difficulty in using the norm, and verifier inappropriate with actual condition. Keywords : criteria, indicators, performance management standards, national parks, socio cultural

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