Syukron Affani, Syukron
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DISKURSUS MUNĀSABAH: Problem Tafsīr al-Qur’ān bi ’l-Qur’ān Affani, Syukron
Jurnal THEOLOGIA Vol 28, No 2 (2017): PEMIKIRAN ISLAM
Publisher : Fakulta Ushuluddin dan Humaniora Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/teo.2017.28.2.1443

Abstract

Abstract: Munāsabah al-Qur’ān is a part of ‘Ulūm al-Qur’ān which presents pros and contrast. The pros ulama makes munāsabah as a method to reveal enigma system of Quran verses and chapter. The structure of the Quran’s verses and chapters seems to leap and are not connected each other. But for ulama who are contra to munāsabah, this success considered as a subjective product which did not put munāsabah tafsīr as ḥujja tafsīr automatically. As a questionious Quran’s knowl­edge, munāsabah has become a tafsīr method al-Qur’ān bi ’l-Qur’ān (textual relations in the Quran) which is in the highest position in the hierarchy of tafsīr bi ’l-ma’thūr with the highest ḥujja (a binding proof) status. Quranic exegesis is called ma’thūr if it is based upon the traditions of the Prophet, his Companions, and the immediate Successors of the Companions. The active subject as athīr in the tafsīr bi ’l-ma’thūr is the prophet in the tafsīr al-Qur’ān bi ’l-Ḥadīth; Com­panions in the tafsīr al-Qur’ān bi aqwāl al-ṣahāba; and tābi’īn ‘the immediate Successors of the Companions’ in the tafsīr al-Qur’ān bi aqwāl al-tābi’īn which the explanation or behavior is athar which is made as the base (ma’thūr) of the interpretation. But what about the exegesis of al-Qur’ān bi ’l-Qur’ān: is Allah as the active subject or a Quranic naṣ? If Allah, of course, he delivers it through the prophet and it belongs to tafsīr al-Qur’ān bi ’l-Ḥadīth category. If Allah analogically through al-Qur’ān naṣ truly, so does this al-Qur’ān naṣ automatically become the base of another al-Qur’ān naṣ or it still needs the help of an interpreter? This question becomes an epistemological problem of tafsīr al-Qur’ān bi ’l-Qur’ān through the helping knowledge, it is munā­sabah al-Qur'an. The formulation of the problem in this paper, firstly, how the method of munāsabah operates in the al-Qur’ān bi ’l-Qur’ān interpretation. Secondly, what is the impact of the munāsabah method works on the status of the al-Qur’ān bi ’l-Qur’ān interpretation. The result, firstly, the method of munāsabah used to explain one verse against another, is ijtihādy; and secondly, it affects to the ma’thūr and ḥujja status of the al-Qur’ān bi ’l-Qur’ān interpretation which has been getting the top spot in the hierarchy of inter­pretation bi ’l-ma'thūr so that necessary reformulation Quranic inter­pretation bi ’l-ma'thūr.Abstrak: Munāsabah al-Qur’ān termasuk bagian dari ‘Ulūm al-Qur’ān yang mengundang pro dan kontra. Ulama yang pro menjadikan munāsabah sebagai metode untuk mengungkap enigma sistematika ayat dan surat al-Qur’ān. Sepintas susunan ayat dan surat melompat-lompat dan dirasakan tidak saling terhubung. Tetapi bagi ulama yang kontra munāsabah, keberhasilan tersebut merupakan produk subjektif yang tidak serta merta menempatkan tafsir-tafsir munāsabah sebagai tafsir ḥujjah. Sebagai ilmu al-Qur’ān yang dipersoalkan, munāsabah telah menjadi metode tafsīr al-Qur’ān bi ’l-Qur’ān yang secara hirarkis menempati posisi teratas tafsīr bi ’l-ma’thūr dengan status kehujjahan tertinggi. Suatu penafsiran disebut ma’thūr bila disandarkan kepada al-Qur'an sendiri, hadits atau sunnah Nabi, qaul Sahabat, dan Tabi’in. Subjek aktif sebagai athīr pada tafsīr bi ’l-ma’thūr adalah Nabi pada tafsīr al-Qur’ān bi ’l-Ḥadīth; Sahabat pada tafsīr al-Qur’ān bi aqwāl al-ṣahābah; dan tābi’īn pada tafsir al-Qur’ān bi aqwāl al-tabi’īn yang keterangan atau tindak perilakunya adalah atsar yang dijadikan dasar (ma’thūr) penafsiran. Tetapi bagaimana dengan tafsīr al-Qur’ān bi ’l-Qur'ān: apakah Allah sebagai subjek aktifnya atau naṣ al-Qur'an? Kalau Allah, tentu melalui Nabi dan itu berarti masuk kategori tafsīr al-Qur’ān bi ’l-ḥadīth. Kalau Allah (secara majāzī) melalui naṣ al-Qur’an secara haqīqī, maka apakah naṣ al-Qur’an ini menjadi dasar penafsiran naṣ al-Qur’an yang lain dengan sendirinya atau dengan bantuan penafsir? Pertanyaan ini menjadi problem episte­mologis tafsīr al-Qur’ān bi ’l-Qur’ān melalui ilmu bantu­nya yaitu munāsabah al-Qur'an. Rumusan masalah dalam tulisan ini pertama, bagaimanakah metode munāsabah beroperasi dalam tafsir al-Qur'an dengan al-Qur'an. Kedua, apa dampak cara kerja metode munāsabah terhadap status tafsīr al-Qur’ān bi ’l-Qur’ān. Hasilnya, pertama, metode munāsabah yang dimanfaatkan untuk menjelaskan satu ayat terhadap ayat yang lain, bersifat ijtihādī; dan kedua, karena itu berpengaruh terhadap status kema’tsuran dan kehujjahan tafsīr al-Qur’ān bi ’l-Qur’ān yang selama ini mendapatkan tempat teratas dalam hirarki tafsir bi ’l-ma’thūr sehingga diperlukan reformulasi tafsir bi ’l-ma’thūr.
PEMAHAMAN PARSIAL TERHADAP Q.S AL-MUJADALAH 58:11 (STUDI LIVING QURAN DI PAMEKASAN MADURA) Affani, Syukron
SUHUF Vol 11 No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Lajnah Pentashihan Mushaf Al-Qur'an

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22548/shf.v11i1.303

Abstract

Understanding of the Koran is obtained through the stages of indirect interpretation. The Qur'an that lives in society is the Qur'an as a social value system embodied through secondary reading. The understanding of the Qur'an adopted by the community (living Quran) is generally influenced by the views of the 'ulama, the teachers, and influenced by the general trend. Q.S al-Mujâdalah (58): 11 is one of the most popular verses of the Qur'an. Not infrequently Q.S al-Mujâdalah (58): 11 cited as a decorative background stage educational events in various Islamic educational institutions either madrassas or boarding schools and became the jargon of the virtue of education. The popularity of Q.S al-Mujâdalah (58): 11 is interesting because it is more quoted in part or ultimate fragment of a verse in the form of jawâb without mentioning the verse part of the syarth. Consequently, the understanding of Q.S al-Mujâdalah (58): 11 is a partial understanding because it is understood cut off. This issue is evident from the results of research conducted on religious leaders in the Village Sentol Pademawu District Pamekasan. The nature of research in this paper is field research (field research) and research that is religious (religious research) with the qualitative-phenomenological type. The design will emphasize the discovery of the repeated symptoms observed as the subject of the study before drawing up conceptual conclusions. Broadly speaking, the flow of this research is first, induction. This process is done at the data collection and processing stage; second, interpretation. The interpretation process is limited to data qualification. While interpretation is widely conducted on field data analysis process and theoretical data; third, conceptualization. The follow-up of the interpretation process is the preparation of the concept of research results
Rebuke for the Ijtihad of the Prophet (Study of Q.S Al-Nisa’ [4]: 34 as a Verse ‘Itāb) Affani, Syukron
RELIGIA Vol 24 No 2: Oktober 2021
Publisher : IAIN Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28918/religia.v24i2.2855

Abstract

As a human being, the Prophet was involved humanly in various dynamics of life. The Prophet used ijtihad reasoning and subjective tendencies, which are of course relative, in responding to life's problems. As a messenger of Allah, the actions and words of the Prophet are decisions for Muslims except for revelation with other provisions from Allah such as with Q.S al-Nisa ' 4:34; one of the verses that presents a lot controversial discussion. The Prophet's decision to qiṣāṣ a husband who committed violence against his wife, his passion is to provide justice and protection to women, but the decision was overturned by Q.S al-Nisa ' 4:34 which came down with other provisions as well as nuances of reprimand to the Prophet. The problem to be revealed in this paper is why Q.S al-Nisa ' 4:34 intervened in the Prophet's decision in responding to domestic violence. This research is a qualitative library research. The method of description is descriptive-analytical, which explains the basic construction of the Prophet's ijtihad and the significance of Q.S al-Nisa 4:34 to be analyzed using a historical-hermeneutical approach. The general conclusion from this paper is that Q.S al-Nisa' [4]: 34 places the issue of household and gender relations in the perspective of a social order that has been widely applied. The decision of the Prophet's qiṣāṣ itself is not wrong but tark al-awlā (leaving a better thing) because it can actually increase the escalation of domestic conflicts in patriarchal society.