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All Journal Asian Australasian Neuro and Health Science Journal (AANHS-J)
Tala, Ihsan Z
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience

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Journal : Asian Australasian Neuro and Health Science Journal (AANHS-J)

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Epidemiology of Pediatric Brain Tumor in the Center of Referral Hospital in North Sumatera from 2013 -2017 Putra, Prawira; Tala, Ihsan Z; Dharmajaya, Ridha; Mouza, Abdurrahman; Tandean, Steven
Asian Australasian Neuro and Health Science Journal (AANHS-J) Vol. 1 No. 1 (2019): AANHS Journal
Publisher : Talenta Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/aanhs-j.v1i1.1033

Abstract

Brain tumors are the most common disease group of solid tumors in childhood, and children with brain tumors have a relatively poor survival rate. Epidemiologic data from a hospital-based registry provide the necessary information to obtain a full picture of the frequency of this disease, which is a great challenge in pediatric oncology. One hundred thirty four tumors in children between 0 and 17 years of age diagnosed between 2013 to 2017 were classified according the sex, and topography. Incidence of brain tumor in boys were higher than girls. From the registry data, the prevalence for boys was higher (67%). In the whole series, 54% were supratentorial, 46% infratentorial. The most common histopathologic pattern seen in the registry were pilocytic astrocytoma which accounts for 42 cases (31%) followed by medulloblastoma and craniopharygioma with the percentage of 25% and 18% respectively. The least histopathologic pattern of pediatric tumor seen in our center are diffuse astrocytoma and choroid plexus papiloma which was only seen in 1 patient for the last 5 years of our experience.
Chronic Subdural Hematoma and Massive Subgaleal Hematoma Following Pediatric Minor Head Trauma Alloyna, Dhika; Tala, Ihsan Z
Asian Australasian Neuro and Health Science Journal (AANHS-J) Vol. 1 No. 1 (2019): AANHS Journal
Publisher : Talenta Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/aanhs-j.v1i1.1034

Abstract

Subdural hematomas result from injury to the bridging cortical veins or from extension of intracerebral contusion in the subarachnoid space. Chronic subdural hematomas are usually observed in infants and result from an undiagnosed or conservatively treated acute subdural hematoma. Treatment depend on the extension and localization of the hematoma. Subgaleal hematoma is caused by rupture of emissary veins and located between the periosteum and the scalp galea aponeurotica extending from the orbital ridges to the nuchal ridge. A 6-year-old boy presented with a fluctuant mass over the scalp following a minor head injury 4 days earlier with history of headache and vomiting. He had undergone craniotomy procedure ten months earlier due to brain abscess drainage, post operative head CT revealed no abnormal radiologic findings and no clotting disorder was found before. A plain CT head revealed a thick isodense subdural collection overlying the left cerebral convexity and presentation of massive circumferensial subgaleal hematoma. Laboratory findings suggest progressive bleeding with low hemoglobin level of 6.8 g/dL but normal coagulation panel. The patient was managed surgically with a left-sided craniotomy hematoma evacuation. The previous subgaleal and subdural drains inserted gradually showed less production 3 days after surgery were withdrawn subsequently. As the clinical symptoms resolved, he was discharged with a slight intermitten headache. The patient was loss to follow-up so there were no post operative imaging. The majority of chronic subdural hematoma which are frequently encountered in neurosurgical practice, ideally treated with surgical drainage. Minor head trauma can lead to chronic subdural hematoma and massive subgaleal hematoma and these patients should be evaluated for underlying coagulopathy.
Cerebral Abscess In A Child With Unknown Origin Of Infection: A Case Report Arafat Husain, Syekh Ahmad; Alloyna, Dhyka; Irsyad, Muhammad Ari; Tala, Ihsan Z; Arsyad, Abdurrahman Mousa
Asian Australasian Neuro and Health Science Journal (AANHS-J) Vol. 5 No. 03 (2023): AANHS Journal
Publisher : Talenta Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/aanhsj.v5i03.13907

Abstract

Introduction: The incidence of brain abscesses is higher in developing countries. The classic triad of fever, headache, and focal neurological signs was seen in 9–28% of the pediatric cases. Brain abscesses occur infrequently with potentially life-threatening conditions. Case Report: The patient was a child 1 year 8 months old with a main complaint of weakness in the left arm and leg progressively for one month. She had a local seizure on her left arm and leg one month before admission with a duration of 30 minutes. She was irritable for the last two weeks. The strength of the upper and lower extremities was 3 respectively. The physiology reflex was hyper-reflex on the upper and lower extremities. A Head non-contrast CT scan showed a hypodense lesion on the right parietal with a perifocal edema lesion. A head contrast CT scan showed a hypodense lesion on the right parietal with ring enhancement measuring approximately 6,2 cm x 4,5 cm. Craniotomy evacuation abscess with near total capsulectomy was done on initial and capsule resection was done. Discussion: Brain abscess is a focal pyogenic infection of the brain parenchyma, and the frontotemporal lobe is the most common site of brain abscess, followed by frontal-parietal, parietal, occipital lobes, and cerebellar. The most common risk factors that predispose a child to the formation of a brain abscess include congenital heart disease, sinus and otogenic infections, and poor dental hygiene. The triad of brain abscess, including headache, fever, and neurological symptoms is only present in (15%) of the cases reported. Medical treatment is recommended in patients without increased intracranial pressure, with symptoms of less than 1 week long and abscess of less than 2 cm seen in tomography. The suggested time of treatment is between 6 and 8 weeks with intravenously administered antibiotics. A full recovery rate from the infection of about 60–70% is reported in the case of early diagnosis and proper therapy Conclusion: Cerebral abscess in pediatrics with unknown origin of infection may happen in 12%. Early diagnosis and treatment of pediatric cerebral abscesses can reduce morbidity and mortality rates. A broadspectrum antibiotic is an optimal treatment in the postoperative evacuation of cerebral abscess cases with unknown origin infection.
Co-Authors Alloyna, Dhika Alloyna, Dhyka Arafat Husain, Syekh Ahmad Arsyad, Abdurrahman Mousa Dharmajaya, Ridha Irsyad, Muhammad Ari Mouza, Abdurrahman Putra, Prawira Tandean, Steven