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Underweight increases the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis in adult Irawan, Galuh Chandra; Margawati, Ani; Rosidi, Ali
Universa Medicina Vol 36, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2017.v36.4-10

BackgroundTuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in middle- and low-income countries. The risk of developing TB may be related to nutritional status. Socioeconomic and behavioral factors are also shown to increase the susceptibility to TB infection.Â The objective of this study was to determine nutritional factors as risk factors of pulmonary TB in adult.MethodsThis was an observational study of case control design. The study subjects were community members consisting of 19 adult cases of pulmonary tuberculosis and 38 controls. Data on nutritional intakes were obtained by semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), while smoking behavior, history of DM, body mass index, education, and income were obtained by structured interviews. The data were analyzed by independent t-test and logistic regression for calculation of the odds ratio (OR).ResultsThe bivariate test showed that the adequacy levels for energy (OR=6.8; 95% CI: 1.51-30.54), protein (OR=5.1; 95% CI: 1.52-17.14), vitamin A (OR=4.2; 5% CI: 1.31-13.54), vitamin C (OR=3.8;95% CI: 1.21-12.36), selenium (OR=4.2; 95% CI: 1.34-13.58), body mass index (OR=4.4; 95% CI: 1.32-14.35) and smoking behavior (OR=3.7; 95% CI: 1.15-11.9), were significant risk factors for pulmonary tuberculosis. Multiple logistic regression test showed that low body mass index (<18.5 kg/m2) (OR=6.0; 95% CI: 1.32-27.18) was a the most influential risk factor of pulmonary tuberculosis.ConclusionLow body mass index is the most influential risk factor for pulmonary tuberculosis incidence in adult. Nutrition profile in adult is an important determinant of TB incidence.

Zinc deficiency as risk factor for stunting among children aged 2-5 years Bening, Salsa; Margawati, Ani; Rosidi, Ali
Universa Medicina Vol 36, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2017.v36.11-18

BackgroundStunting is a nutritional problem in the form of linear growth disturbance caused by low intake of macro- and micronutrients. The prevalence of stunting in children aged 2-5 years in Semarang is higher in well-to-do families (67.2%) than in poor families (32.8%). The purpose of this study was to analyze the role of low adequacy levels of vitamin C, iron, zinc and low food expenditure as risk factors of stunting among children aged 2-5 years.Â MethodsThis was a case-control study with a sample of 71 cases (stunting) and 71 controls (no stunting). The collected variables were adequacy levels of vitamin C, iron, zinc and level of food expenditure. Nutrient intake data were obtained with the semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), while data on food expenditure were obtained through a food expenditure questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using simple and multivariate logistic regression method.Â ResultsThe results of the simple logistic regression showed that low levels of vitamin C ( OR=2.97; 95% CI=1.41 â€“ 6.31), iron (OR=2.87; 95% CI=1.44 â€“ 5.71) and zinc (OR=9.24; 95% CI=2.02 â€“ 42.12) were risk factors of stunting. Multivariate analysis showed that the risk factor that most affected stunting was a low level of zinc (OR=6.39; 95% CI=1.34 â€“ 30.33). A low level of food expenditure was not proven to influence the incidence of stunting.Â ConclusionsA low level of zinc was the risk factor that most affects stunting in children aged 2-5 years. Preventive strategies to prevent stunting and promote healthy eating is recommended.

Maternal perception of sickness as a risk factor of stunting in children aged 2-5 years Dellu, Maria Fatima Dete; Mexitalia, Maria; Rosidi, Ali
Universa Medicina Vol 35, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2016.v35.156-164

BackgroundStunting in children is caused by past nutritional problems, adversely affects the physical and mental characteristics of children and is a well-established child-health indicator of chronic malnutrition. Socio-cultural factors can affect parenting, thereby indirectly affecting child growth. The objective of this study was to determine socio-cultural factors and parental short stature as risk factors of stunting in children aged 2 to 5 years.MethodsThe study used a quantitative approach with case control design and a qualitative approach with in-depth interview. The study subjects were children aged 2-5 years, consisting of 45 cases of stunting and 45 controls (normal subjects). Socio-cultural data were obtained through interviews with the mothers, while height was measured with a stadiometer. Data were analyzed using chi square and logistic regression tests to calculate the odds ratio (OR).ResultsThe logistic regression test showed that maternal perception of sickness as a curse (OR=7.43; 95% CI: 2.37-23.21), stopping breastfeeding at <24 months (OR=6.01;95% CI: 1.83-19.69) and low household expenditure for food (OR=5.78;95% CI: 1.28-26.01) were risk factors of stunting incidence with a probability of 73.8%. The most dominant risk factor of stunting was maternal perception of sickness (OR=7.43 95% CI: 2.37-23.21). ConclusionMaternal perception of sickness was the most dominant risk factor of stunting in children 2-5 years of age. A multidisciplinary approach is needed to address the range of raised issues and so combat stunting in children.

RIWAYAT PAPARAN PESTISIDA SEBAGAI FAKTOR RISIKO STUNTING PADA ANAK USIA 2-5 TAHUN DI DAERAH PERTANIAN Alim, Kusuma Yati; Rosidi, Ali; Suhartono, Suhartono
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 41, No 2 (2018): September 2018
Publisher : PERSATUAN AHLI GIZI INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (102.776 KB)

The prevalence of stunting in the WanayasaSubdistrict area reached 23.7 percent and the stunting incidence was widely found in children aged 2-5 years. History of pesticide exposure is one of the factors that influence the incidence of stunting. WanayasaSubdistrict is an area of potato and vegetable farming with high intensity of pesticide use in processing the land.The purpose of study was to analyze the history of pesticide exposure as a risk factor for stunting in children aged 2-5 years in WanayasaSubdistrict,Banjarnegara District.The research design used was case control with a total sample of 47 cases (stunting) and 47 controls (not stunting). Subject selection by purposive sampling with matching age and gender. Data obtained through measurement of height, weight and structured interviews. Data were analyzed using chi-square test, calculating Odds Ratio (OR) and logistic regression method. The results showed that the lowest value ofHAZ in the case group were -5.4 SD and the highest was -2.55 SD, the lowest age of children 24-month in case group and 27-month in the control group. Most of mother’s work in case group (51.1%) and in control group (57.4%) were farmers. In multivariate analysis showed that, the history of pesticide exposure in children (OR = 4.21, 95% CI: 1.77-10.04) as stunting risk factor, and history of pesticide exposure during pregnancy was not significantly related to stunting. The conclusion of this study that the history of pesticide exposure is the most dominant risk factor for the incidence ofstuntingin children aged 2-5 years. ABSTRAK Prevalensi stunting di wilayah Kecamatan Wanayasa mencapai 23,7 persen dan kejadian stunting ini banyak terdapat pada anak usia 2-5 tahun. Riwayat paparan pestisida merupakan salah satu faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian stunting. Kecamatan Wanayasa merupakan daerah pertanian kentang dan sayur dengan intensitas penggunaan pestisida yang tinggi dalam pengolahan lahannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis riwayat paparan pestisida sebagai faktor risiko stunting pada anak usia 2-5 tahun di Kecamatan Wanayasa Kabupaten Banjarnegara. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah case control dengan jumlah sampel 47 kasus (stunting) dan 47 kontrol (tidak stunting). Pemilihan subjek secara purposive sampling dengan matching umur dan jenis kelamin. Data diperoleh melalui pengukuran tinggi badan, berat badan serta wawancara terstruktur. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square, menghitung Odds Rasio (OR) dan metode regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai skor Z TB/U terendah pada kelompok kasus adalah -5,4SD dan tertinggi -2,55SD, umur balita terendah pada kelompok kasus 24 bulan dan pada kelompok kontrol 27 bulan. Sebagian besar pekerjaan ibu baik pada kelompok kasus (51,1%) maupun pada kelompok kontrol (57,4%) adalah sebagai petani. Pada analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahawa riwayat paparan pestisida pada anak (OR = 4,21, 95% CI : 1,77-10,04) sebagai faktor risiko stunting, dan riwayat paparan pestisida pada ibu selama hamil tidak berhubungan secara bermakna terhadap stunting. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa riwayat paparan pestisida pada anak merupakan faktor risiko yang paling dominan terhadap kejadian stunting pada anak usia 2-5 tahun.Kata kunci: anak usia 2-5 tahun, daerah pertanian, stunting

Indeks Massa Tubuh Menurut Umur sebagai Indikator Persen Lemak Tubuh pada Remaja rosidi, ali
Jurnal Gizi Vol 7, No 2 (2018): Jurnal Gizi UNIMUS
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang

Health impact which caused by overnutrition is related to excess in body fat. Thus, nutritional status monitoring in adolescent is crucial because the prevelance of overnutrition in adolescent increased per years. Body Mass Index per age (BMI/A) is easy, simple, and generally used to determine nutritional status, but incapable to measure overnutrition related excess body fat precisely. Body fat percentage is used to determine overnutrition but special equipment and capability are required. The purpose of the study are to analyze correlation between BMI/A and body fat percentage and verify BMI/Aâ€™s sensitivity-specificity as body fat percentageâ€™s indicator. In this cross sectional study, 82 adolescents from SMAN 47 Jakarta are chosen to participate by simple random sampling. Anthropometric instrument that used are microtoise, spring scales, and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). There is a significant correlation with a strong value between BMI/A and percent body fat (r=0,814; p=0,000). BMI/A as percent body fatâ€™s indicator has low sensitivity and high specificity (Se= 55,17%; Sp= 94,34%). Eventhough there is strong correlation, BMI/A is less sensitive as percent body fatâ€™s indicator to determine nutritional status in adolescent, thus body fat measurement is needed to validate value of BMI/A measurement.Â

PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP MAHASISWA DALAM KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PRODUK HALAL rosidi, ali
Jurnal Gizi Vol 7, No 2 (2018): Jurnal Gizi UNIMUS
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang

Consumers must be more critical in making decisions before buying food products. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge with student attitudes in purchasing decisions for halal products. The population of this study were the students of Muhammadiyah University of Semarang. The variables that studied were the level of knowledge of halal food and the attitude of decisions for buying halal products. This type of research was observational with a cross sectional design. The tool that used were questionnaires and data analysis by using two stages, namely univariate and bivariate (Simple Linear Regression). The results of the study revealed that the student's knowledge of halal food was the most moderate category at 40.2% and positive positive attitude was 53.6%. Based on statistical tests, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between knowledge and attitude in buying halal products.

OPTIMALISASI PERKEMBANGAN MOTORIK KASAR DAN UKURAN ANTROPOMETRI ANAK BALITA DI POSYANDU “BALITAKU SAYANG” KELURAHAN JANGLI KECAMATAN TEMBALANG KOTA SEMARANG Rosidi, Ali; Syamsianah, Agustin
PROSIDING SEMINAR NASIONAL & INTERNASIONAL 2012: SEMINAR NASIONAL HASIL PENELITIAN 2012
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (144.669 KB)

Kualitas seorang anak dapat dinilai dari proses pertumbuhan dan perkembangannya sejak masa bayi,oleh sebab itu masa tersebut perlu perhatian lebih termasuk proses perkembangan fisik maupunpsikologis. Salah satu perkembangan fisik yang perlu diperhatikan yaitu perkembangan motorik, yangterdiri dari perkembangan motorik halus dan motorik kasar. Beberapa hal yang berkaitan denganperkembangan adalah keadaan tubuh baik kualitatif maupun kuantitatif yang berubah secara teratur,progresif dan koheren atau dikenal dengan pertumbuhan Salah satu metode untuk mengukurpertumbuhan adalah penggunaan ukuran antropometri. Beberapa hasil penelitian mengungkapkanbahwa anak yang mengalami hamatan pertumbuhan menjadi tidak aktif, apatis, pasif, dan tidakmampu berkonsentrasi. Kondisi tersebut akan berakibat pada terlambatnya perkembangan motorikkasar. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melakukan kajian terhadap ukuran antropometri tubuh yangmenjadi pemicu proses pertumbuhan dan perkembangan motorik kasar anak balita. Populasipenelitian adalah seluruh balita di Posyandu “Balitaku Sayang” Kelurahan Jangli KecamatanTembalang Kota Semarang, sebanyak 160 orang. Sampel diambil secara purposiv sebanyak 80 balita .Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ukuran antropometri yang berhubungan dengan perkembanganmotorik kasar adalah tinggi badan dalam bentuk indeks tinggi badan berdasarkan umur (TB/U) danindeks massa tubuh berdasarkan umur (IMT/U).

Riwayat paparan pestisida dan kekurangan asupan zat gizi sebagai faktor risiko kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil di daerah pertanian Sulistyawati, Sulistyawati; Margawati, Ani; Rosidi, Ali; Suhartono, Suhartono
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 7, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Background: Anemia in pregnant women in Brebes Regency, Central Java in 2016 was still high at 60.7%. Brebes Regency is an area of onion farming with a high intensity of pesticide use. Objectives: This study aimed to prove the history of pesticide exposure and lack of nutrient intake (iron and vitamin C) was risk factor for the incidence of anemia in pregnant women in agricultural area. Methods: Case control study with 41 cases (anemia) and 41 controls (non-anemia) as study subjects. The subjects were selected using purposive sampling method. Pesticide exposure history included the involvement of pregnant women in agricultural activities, frequency of exposure and length of exposure was measured by interview using structured questionnaire. Anemia data were obtained by measuring hemoglobin levels. Other independent variables measured were nutritional intake (protein, iron, and vitamin C) using semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) method to determine the level of nutrient adequacy in pregnant women. Data were analyzed using chi-square test and logistic regression.Result: Hemoglobin levels in the case ranged from 7.2 g/dl to 10.9 g/dl. The results of multivariate logistic regression showed that pesticide exposure history (OR= 4.9, 95% CI:1.75-13.67), level of iron adequacy (OR = 2.9, 95% CI:1.06â€“ 8.29) and level of vitamin C adequacy (OR = 3.4, 95% CI:1.10â€“ 10.28) as risk factors for the incidence of anemia in pregnant women in agricultural area.Conclusion: The history of pesticide exposure and lack of nutrient intake (iron and vitamin C) was risk factor for the incidence of anemia in pregnant women in agricultural area.

Hubungan tingkat kecukupan zat gizi, lean body mass, dan aktivitas fisik dengan kepadatan tulang pada mahasiswa Universitas Udayana Denpasar Dewi, Ni Putu Puspita Adhytiarini; Susanto, Hardhono; Rosidi, Ali
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 4, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Background: Bone formation and peak bone mass determine with bone density in adulthood related with osteopenia or osteoporosis. It could be influenced by nutrition intakes, lean body mass, and physical activity.Objective: to analyze the correlation between nutritional adequacy, lean body mass, physical activity and bone mineral density in Udayana University Economicâ€™s students, Denpasar. Methods: Cross-sectional study design was done to female students of Faculty of Economic and Business, Udayana University, Denpasar. Seventy five subjects were choosen by simple random sampling. Results: Research subjects were aged 20-25 years old. The mean t-score of bone mineral density is -0,363 Â± 1,057. Research subjects were classified as low bone density (osteopenia) 26,7% and 73,3% are normal. Intakes of animal protein (p = 0,042) and lean body mass (p = 0,011) are related with bone mineral density protein (p = 0,955) but not on intakes of vitamin A (p = 0,249), vitamin C (p = 0,632), vitamin D (p = 0,864), calcium (p = 0,724), iron (p = 0,768), magnesium (p = 0,689), phosphorus (p = 0,716), and physical activity (p = 0,254). There were a positive trend on the level of protein, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin D, calcium, iron, magnesium and phosphorus sufficiency.Conclusions: Intakes of Animal protein, lean body mass and physical activity related with bone mineral density but not on protein, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin D, calcium, iron, magnesium, and phosphorus intake.

Status hidrasi, tingkat kebugaran jasmani dan daya konsentrasi anak sekolah dasar Sudrajat, Agus; Mexitalia, Maria; Rosidi, Ali
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 7, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Background: The dehydration correlated with physical fitness and the cognition. The cardiorespiratory fitness correlated with brain ability and working performance too. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to assess the correlation of dehydration status and cardiorespiratory fitness with the concentration of primary school children.Methods: Correlational study is done to the students aged 10-12 years old. The dehydration status is measured by urine specific gravity. The cardiorespiratory fitness is measured by harvard step test and digit symbol test is used to measure concentration. The analysis of the data using product moment to bivariate analysis and partial correlation to multivariate analysis.Results: The result showed that the average of subjects have a mild (Usg 1020.20Â±6.99 g/dl). The average of the subjects have a less cardiorespiratory fitness (31.27Â±8.00). The results of concentration ability measurement showed about of 35Â±12.27. The correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between dehydration status with cardiorespiratory fitness( r=-0.29, p=0.04 ), between dehydration status with concentration (r=-0.29, p=0.036) and between cardiorespiratory fitness with concentration (r=0.295, p=0.03). Partial correlation analysis showed the persistence of a significant correlation between dehydration status and cardiorespiratory fitness (p=0.02), between dehydration status and concentration (p=0.02) and between cardiorespiratory fitness and concentration (p=0.002).Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between dehydration status and cardiorespiratory fitness. There is a significant correlation between dehydration status and the concentration. There is a significant correlation between cardiorespiratory fitness and the concentration.Â

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