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Synthesis and Characterization of Zeolite Membrane Saputra, Hens; Rosjidi, Moch.
Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia Vol 3, No 2 (2004)
Publisher : Jurnal Zeolit Indonesia

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The zeolite membrane of MFI could be sinthesized on alpha alumina support having an asymmetric structure and a pore diameter of top layer being about 0.1 Î¼m. In this experiment, the method performed was a hydrothermal process being done at temperature 303 K by using Silica colloidal with the the composition of 30% SiO2, 0.04% Al2O3, 0.4% Na2O and NaOH 4N. The membranes produced were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrofotometer (EDX) and gas permeation, which use some pure gases such as carbon dioksida, methane, n-butane and ibutane. Based on the SEM observation, the top layer of MFI zeolite membrane produced was about 20 Î¼m. The Analysis and mapping by using EDX showed that the zeolite membane was formed on top and inside of the support. Based on the gas permeation test, the permeance of nitrogen increased while the temperature encreased, and the result showed that the permeance ratio of n-butane/i-butane was about 60. Meanwhile, the selectivity of n-butane/i-butane at 300 K was 62. The simulation test of gas separation was performed by applying the mixture of nbutane and i-butane as a model and the temperature variation of 300 K, 340 K and 380 K. In this case, the Test used a pervaporation methode in which helium as inert gas (i.e. sweep gas) and on line analysis by using gas chromatography. The Flux of gas being through the membrane was measured by flow meter. The Selectivity of the mixture of n-butane and i-butane at temperature 300 K obtained was 62, and its selectivity decreased while the temperature increased.

Anoda Pb dan Gel Elektrolit Untuk Propulsi Kapal Selam Saputra, Hens; Rosjidi, Mochamad; Ghofar, Abdul; Tandirerung, Murbantan; Ismail, Mochammad; Islam Nurwantoro, Dorit Bayu
Majalah Ilmiah Pengkajian Industri Vol 11, No 2 (2017): Majalah Ilmiah Pengkajian Industri
Publisher : BPPT

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/mipi.v11i2.946

Battery is the most important component in the sub marine energy system. Up to now, majority of the sub marine are still using lead acid battery as the power source or propulsion, due to more safe in application as very high capacity of single cell (i.e. 10.000 – 15.000 Ah). The drawbacks of aqueous based battery, which utilize liquid electrolyte, are because of having produced the hydrogen gas during charging process, in which it caused the electrolyte solution to become dry and reduced the performance of battery. In addition that the hydrogen gas generated in the sub marine was dangerous. Therefore, the aim of this research is how to reduce or eliminate of those drawbacks by modifying kind of the liquid electrolyte by using gel electrolyte. The gel electrolyte was synthesized to reduce the evaporation of electrolyte and to avoid the leaking when submarine maneuver. The gel electrolyte was made by using inorganic nanoporous MCM-41. It was synthesized by hydrothermal method, using Tetraethylortosilicate (TEOS) as silica sources, Cethyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as organic template and H2SO4 as catalyst. The MCM-41 lead acid battery gave a result of OCV ca. 2,1 V.

PEMBUATAN DAN KARAKTERISASI KATALIS ZEOLIT ZSM-5 UNTUK KONVERSI BIOETANOL MENJADI BIOETILENA Nurdin, Ali; Saputra, Hens; Arfiana, Arfiana; Yunilawati, Retno; Finalis, Era Restu
Majalah Ilmiah Pengkajian Industri Vol 12, No 2 (2018): Majalah Ilmiah Pengkajian Industri
Publisher : BPPT

Etilen sebagai produk petrokimia yang penting dapat dibuat dari bioetanol menggunakan katalis ZSM5. Zeolit sintetis ZSM5 dapat dibuat menggunakan zeolit alam yang banyak tersedia di Indonesia. Proses pembuatan ZSM5 menggunakan metode hidrotermal pada temperatur 180°C selama 24 jam. Sebagai agen pengarah terbentuknya struktur ZSM-5 tersebut digunakan template TPABr (Tetra Prophyl Ammonium Bromide). Kalsinasi produk ZSM5 dilakukan pada temperatur 600°C selama 1 jam. Karakterisasi ZSM-5 yang dilakukan antara lain analisis struktur dan kristalinitas, observasi morfologi permukaan menggunakan metode Difraksi Sinar X, Scanning Electron Microscopy, dan physisorption untuk mempelajari sifat pori. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dihasilkannya ZSM-5 dengan kristalinitas sekitar 110 %. Kristal ZSM-5 yang dihasilkan berbentuk kubus dengan luas permukaan spesifik BET 300 m2/g, volume pori sekitar 0,13 Cm3/g. Distribusi ukuran pori yang sempit mengindikasikan ukuran pori yang seragam dengan ukuran rata-rata 0.55 nm.

INOVASI PUPUK CONTROLLED RELEASE FERTILIZER (CRF) UNTUK TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH Rosjidi, Mochamad; Saputra, Hens; Wahyudi, Imam; Setyorini, Dyah; Widowati, Ladiyani
Majalah Ilmiah Pengkajian Industri Vol 12, No 3 (2018): MAJALAH ILMIAH PENGKAJIAN INDUSTRI
Publisher : BPPT

Bawang merah merupakan salah satu komoditas pertanian yang menjadi perhatian pada saat ini untuk ditingkatkan produksinya dalam rangka mendukung program ketahanan pangan nasional. Upaya meningkatkan produksi pertanian membutuhkan dukungan pupuk yang sesuai dengan kaidah spesifikasi lokasi dan komoditas tanaman. Inovasi pupuk CRF yang dibuat dengan teknologi matrik dan biodegradable binder dapat meningkatkan panen sekitar 14% dibandingkan dengan penggunaan pupuk NPK biasa dan dapat menghemat pupuk hingga 50% serta cukup sekali pemupukan selama masa tanam. Pupuk CRF dapat mengendalikan pelepasan unsur nutrien dengan baik sesuai dengan hasil uji pelarutan dalam air. Zeolit alam yang digunakan merupakan campuran clinoptilolit dan mordenit. Bawang merah yang dihasilkan lebih baik dengan ukuran umbinya lebih besar dan warna merah cerah.

Stabilitas Zirconium-Silika Molecular Sieve dalam Larutan Basa Mustafa, Anwar; Saputra, Hens
Majalah Ilmiah Pengkajian Industri Vol 7, No 1 (2013): MAJALAH ILMIAH PENGKAJIAN INDUSTRI
Publisher : BPPT

Telah dilakukan penelitian pengaruh zirconium dalam perbaikan stabilitas silika molecular sieve dalam larutan basa. Struktur molecular sieve yang dibuat adalah hexagonal MCM-41 yang memiliki luas permukaan 1200 m2/g. Pembuatan bahan silika MCM-41 dilakukan menggunakan campuran larutan cethyltrimetilammonium bromida (CTAB), tetraethylorthosilikat (TEOS), natrium hidroksida (NaOH) dan aquades (H2O) dengan perbandingan molar 0,05 : 1,0 : 0,5 : 100. Adapun penambahan zirconium isopropoksida (ZrPr) sejumlah 3% berat terhadap tetraethylorhosilikat. Penambahan zirconium pada MCM-41 tidak merubah karakteristik distribusi ukuran pori, diameter pori rata-rata sekitar 2 nm dengan luas permukaan mencapai 1200 m2/g. Dengan penambahan 3% berat ZrPr dapat meningkatkan stabilitas silika molecular sieve pada larutan basa. Pengamatan struktur dilakukan dengan X-ray diffraction. Karakteristik pori dianalisis dengan metode physisorption menggunakan nitrogen pada 44 K.Kata Kunci : Zircorium, Molecular Sieve, diameter poriAbstractHas conducted research on the effect of zirconium silica molecular sieve improved stability in alkaline solution . Molecular sieve structure is made of hexagonal MCM - 41 which has a surface area of 1200 m2 / g . Preparation of MCM - 41 silica materials was conducted using a mixed solution of cethyltrimetilammonium bromide ( CTAB ) , tetraethylorthosilikat ( TEOS ) , sodium hydroxide ( NaOH ) and distilled water ( H2O ) with a molar ratio of 0.05 : 1.0 : 0.5 : 100 . As for the addition of zirconium isopropoxide ( ZrPr ) a 3 % by weight of the tetraethylorhosilikat . The addition of zirconium in the MCM - 41 does not alter the characteristics of the pore size distribution , average pore diameter of about 2 nm with a surface area to 1200 m2 / g . With the addition of 3 wt% silica ZrPr can increase the stability of molecular sieve in an alkaline solution . Observation of the structure is done with X - ray diffraction . Pore characteristics were analyzed by the method using nitrogen physisorption at 44 K.Keywords : Zircorium , Molecular Sieve , Pore diameter

Pembuatan dan Karakteristik Membran Reaktor Zeolit Saputra, Hens
Majalah Ilmiah Pengkajian Industri Vol 8, No 1 (2014): MAJALAH ILMIAH PENGKAJIAN INDUSTRI
Publisher : BPPT

Membran reaktor merupakan konsep perpaduan dari sistem reaksi dan proses pemisahan/pemurnian. Membran ini disebut juga sebagai membran katalis atau sistem katalis-membran. Dengan membran reaktor ini diharapkan konversi suatu reaksi dapat ditingkatkan dan diperoleh suatu produk yang memiliki tingkat kemurnian lebih tinggi. Sebagai katalis digunakan silica alumina yang berukuran 1,0 mm. Membran anorganik zeolit MFI dilapiskan menutupi seluruh permukaan katalis. Bahan baku yang digunakan antara lain tetraethylortosilikat (TEOS) sebagai sumber silikat dan template organik tetraprophyl ammonium bromide (TPABr). Proses kristalisasi dilakukan pada temperatur 453 K di dalam autogeneous autoclave, dilanjutkan dengan kalsinasi pada temperatur 873 K selama 1 jam. Karakterisasi membran zeolit yang dihasilkan dilakukan dengan X-ray diffraction (XRD) dan pengamatan dengan Scanning Electron Mycroscope (SEM). Karakteristik pori dipelajari menggunakan metode physisorption dan BJH pore size distribution. Selain itu dilakukan pula uji selektifitas dan alkilasi toluena dan xylene. Berdasarkan pengamatan menggunakan XRD mengindikasikan adanya struktur zeolit MFI pada sampel membrane katalis yang dihasilkan. Diperkuat dengan obserbasi SEM menunjukkan bahwa membran zeolit MFI melapisi seluruh permukaan pelet silika alumina dan terdapat indikasi terjadinya komposit terhadap silika alumina pada daerah perbatasan antara membran zeolit atau lapisan bagian luar dengan katalis silika alumina. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan hasil bahwa membran reaktor zeolit MFI berpotensi untuk diaplikasikan sebagai membran katalis yang bersifat sangat selektif terhadap bentuk suatu molekul. Sebagai contoh kasus, suatu isomer dapat dipisahkan satu sama lain secara selektif, sehingga dapat meningkatkan konversi reaksi.Kata kunci : Membran reaktor, isomer, xylene, zeolit, silika alumina, hydrothermal.AbstractMembrane fusion reactor is the concept of the reaction system and the process of separation/purification . These membranes are called also as membrane catalysts or catalyst - membrane system . With the membrane reactor is expected conversion reaction can be improved and obtained a product which has a higher degree of purity . As used silica alumina catalyst measuring 1.0 mm . MFI zeolite coated inorganic membranes covering the entire surface of the catalyst . The raw materials used include tetraethylortosilikat (TEOS ) as a source of silicate and organic template tetraprophyl ammonium bromide ( TPABr ) . Crystallization process carried out at a temperature of 453 K in the autogeneous autoclave , followed by calcination at a temperature of 873 K for 1 hour . Characterization of zeolite membranes produced by X - ray done diffraction ( XRD ) and scanning electron observations with Mycroscope ( SEM ) . Pore characteristics studied physisorption using BJH pore size and distribution . Test will be conducted and the selectivity of toluene and xylene alkylation . Based on observations using XRD indicates the MFI zeolite structure on the resulting catalyst membrane samples . Reinforced with obserbasi SEM showed that the MFI zeolite membrane coating the entire surface of the silica- alumina pellets and there are indications of the silica- alumina composite in the border area between the zeolite membrane or outer layer of silica alumina catalyst . The results show that the results of the MFI zeolite membrane reactor has the potential to be applied as the membrane is highly selective catalyst to form a molecule . As an example case , an isomer can be separated from each other selectively , so as to increase the reaction conversionKeywords : Membrane reactors, isomers, xylene, zeolite, silica alumina, hydrothermal.

Pembuatan dan Karakteristik Membran Reaktor Zeolit Saputra, Hens
Majalah Ilmiah Pengkajian Industri Vol. 8 No. 1 (2014): Majalah Ilmiah Pengkajian Industri
Publisher : Deputi TIRBR-BPPT

Membran reaktor merupakan konsep perpaduan dari sistem reaksi dan proses pemisahan/pemurnian. Membran ini disebut juga sebagai membran katalis atau sistem katalis-membran. Dengan membran reaktor ini diharapkan konversi suatu reaksi dapat ditingkatkan dan diperoleh suatu produk yang memiliki tingkat kemurnian lebih tinggi. Sebagai katalis digunakan silica alumina yang berukuran 1,0 mm. Membran anorganik zeolit MFI dilapiskan menutupi seluruh permukaan katalis. Bahan baku yang digunakan antara lain tetraethylortosilikat (TEOS) sebagai sumber silikat dan template organik tetraprophyl ammonium bromide (TPABr). Proses kristalisasi dilakukan pada temperatur 453 K di dalam autogeneous autoclave, dilanjutkan dengan kalsinasi pada temperatur 873 K selama 1 jam. Karakterisasi membran zeolit yang dihasilkan dilakukan dengan X-ray diffraction (XRD) dan pengamatan dengan Scanning Electron Mycroscope (SEM). Karakteristik pori dipelajari menggunakan metode physisorption dan BJH pore size distribution. Selain itu dilakukan pula uji selektifitas dan alkilasi toluena dan xylene. Berdasarkan pengamatan menggunakan XRD mengindikasikan adanya struktur zeolit MFI pada sampel membrane katalis yang dihasilkan. Diperkuat dengan obserbasi SEM menunjukkan bahwa membran zeolit MFI melapisi seluruh permukaan pelet silika alumina dan terdapat indikasi terjadinya komposit terhadap silika alumina pada daerah perbatasan antara membran zeolit atau lapisan bagian luar dengan katalis silika alumina. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan hasil bahwa membran reaktor zeolit MFI berpotensi untuk diaplikasikan sebagai membran katalis yang bersifat sangat selektif terhadap bentuk suatu molekul. Sebagai contoh kasus, suatu isomer dapat dipisahkan satu sama lain secara selektif, sehingga dapat meningkatkan konversi reaksi.Kata kunciÃ‚Â : Membran reaktor, isomer, xylene, zeolit, silika alumina, hydrothermal.AbstractMembrane fusion reactor is the concept of the reaction system and the process of separation/purification . These membranes are called also as membrane catalysts or catalyst - membrane system . With the membrane reactor is expected conversion reaction can be improved and obtained a product which has a higher degree of purity . As used silica alumina catalyst measuring 1.0 mm . MFI zeolite coated inorganic membranes covering the entire surface of the catalyst . The raw materials used include tetraethylortosilikat (TEOS ) as a source of silicate and organic template tetraprophyl ammonium bromide ( TPABr ) . Crystallization process carried out at a temperature of 453 K in the autogeneous autoclave , followed by calcination at a temperature of 873 K for 1 hour . Characterization of zeolite membranes produced by X - ray done diffraction ( XRD ) and scanningÃ‚Â electron observations with Mycroscope ( SEM ) . Pore characteristics studied physisorption using BJH pore size and distribution . Test will be conducted and the selectivity of toluene and xylene alkylation . Based on observations using XRD indicates the MFI zeolite structure on the resulting catalyst membrane samples . Reinforced with obserbasi SEM showed that the MFI zeolite membrane coating the entire surface of the silica- alumina pellets and there are indications of the silica- alumina composite in the border area between the zeolite membrane or outer layer of silica alumina catalyst . The results show that the results of the MFI zeolite membrane reactor has the potential to be applied as the membrane is highly selective catalyst to form a molecule . As an example case , an isomer can be separated from each other selectively , so as to increase the reaction conversionKeywordsÃ‚Â : Membrane reactors, isomers, xylene, zeolite, silica alumina, hydrothermal.

ANODA PB DAN GEL ELEKTROLIT UNTUK PROPULSI KAPAL SELAM Saputra, Hens; Rosjidi, Mochamad; Ghofar, Abdul; Tandirerung, Murbantan; Ismail, Mochammad; Islam Nurwantoro, Dorit Bayu
Majalah Ilmiah Pengkajian Industri Vol 11, No 2 (2017): Majalah Ilmiah Pengkajian Industri
Publisher : BPPT

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/mipi.v11i2.946

Battery is the most important component in the sub marine energy system. Up to now, majority of the sub marine are still using lead acid battery as the power source or propulsion, due to more safe in application as very high capacity of single cell (i.e. 10.000 ? 15.000 Ah). The drawbacks of aqueous based battery, which utilize liquid electrolyte, are because of having produced the hydrogen gas during charging process, in which it caused the electrolyte solution to become dry and reduced the performance of battery. In addition that the hydrogen gas generated in the sub marine was dangerous. Therefore, the aim of this research is how to reduce or eliminate of those drawbacks by modifying kind of the liquid electrolyte by using gel electrolyte. The gel electrolyte was synthesized to reduce the evaporation of electrolyte and to avoid the leaking when submarine maneuver. The gel electrolyte was made by using inorganic nanoporous MCM-41. It was synthesized by hydrothermal method, using Tetraethylortosilicate (TEOS) as silica sources, Cethyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as organic template and H2SO4 as catalyst. The MCM-41 lead acid battery gave a result of OCV ca. 2,1 V.

EVALUASI PLT BIOGAS TERANTAM COVERED LAGOON (CAL) 700 KW UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN PLT BIOGAS TIPE CSTR Rosyadi, Erlan; Rahmawati, Nurdiah; Pertiwi, Astri; Murti, Galuh Wirama; Fauzan, Naazi; Rini, Tyas Puspita; Muharto, Bambang; Bhaskara, Arya; Saputra, Hens
Majalah Ilmiah Pengkajian Industri Vol 13, No 3 (2019): Majalah Ilmiah Pengkajian Industri
Publisher : BPPT

Production of Crude Palm Oil (CPO) is increasing from year to year and is predicted to reach 41.6 million tons per year in 2018. Each ton of CPO will produce 3,28 m3 of POME during the production process. Improper handling of POME, besides causing soil pollution and flying, will release methane gas that categorized as GHG. BPPT cooperate with PTPN V utilized POME to produce biogas and then be converted into electricity in a Biogas Power Plant (PLTBg) in Terantam with a design capacity of 700 kW. The reactor used is a closed Anaerobic Lagoon (CAL) reactor equipped with a recirculation pump. From the evaluations, the technology chosen was not optimal from the operation, its evaluaed from the accumulation of cakes and sludge collected in the reactor which could be disturb during an anaerobic reaction. The next technology development will be carried out with the development of PLTBg in Sei Pagar using CSTR technology. At the same reactor capacity, CSTR has a faster HRT compared to CAL. CSTR is also easier in control of pH and temperature, also requires less land.Keyword : POME, Biogas, CSTR, Covered Lagoon, HRT, OLR

INOVASI PUPUK CONTROLLED RELEASE FERTILIZER (CRF) UNTUK TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH Rosjidi, Mochamad; Saputra, Hens; Wahyudi, Imam; Setyorini, Dyah; Widowati, Ladiyani
Majalah Ilmiah Pengkajian Industri Vol. 12 No. 3 (2018): Majalah Ilmiah Pengkajian Industri
Publisher : Deputi TIRBR-BPPT

Bawang merah merupakan salah satu komoditas pertanian yang menjadi perhatian pada saat ini untuk ditingkatkan produksinya dalam rangka mendukung program ketahanan pangan nasional. Upaya meningkatkan produksi pertanian membutuhkan dukungan pupuk yang sesuai dengan kaidah spesifikasi lokasi dan komoditas tanaman. Inovasi pupuk CRF yang dibuat dengan teknologi matrik dan biodegradable binder dapat meningkatkan panen sekitar 14% dibandingkan dengan penggunaan pupuk NPK biasa dan dapat menghemat pupuk hingga 50% serta cukup sekali pemupukan selama masa tanam. Pupuk CRF dapat mengendalikan pelepasan unsur nutrien dengan baik sesuai dengan hasil uji pelarutan dalam air. Zeolit alam yang digunakan merupakan campuran clinoptilolit dan mordenit. Bawang merah yang dihasilkan lebih baik dengan ukuran umbinya lebih besar dan warna merah cerah.

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