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PERAN JAMINAN KESEHATAN TERHADAP PEMANFAATAN TENAGA KESEHATAN SEBAGAI PENOLONG PERSALINAN DI INDONESIA (ANALISIS DATA SUSENAS 2017) Farida Kusumaningrum; Prastuti Soewondo
Jurnal Kesehatan Reproduksi Vol 9 No 2 (2018): JURNAL KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI VOLUME 9 NO. 2 TAHUN 2018
Publisher : Puslitbang Upaya Kesehatan Masyarakat

Background: The global maternal mortality ratio in 2015 was 216 deaths per 100,000 live births due to complications during pregnancy and delivery. The utilization of birth attendants is one of the important indicators that play a role for increasing safe delivery so that it can prevent maternal and child mortality. Objective: Knowing the role of health insurance and other related factors towards the utilization of skilled birth attendants in Indonesia. Method: This study uses Susenas data in 2017 with the sample size of 38,485 reproductive age women. The analysis uses logistic regression with the Logit model. Result: The logit test results show that the model is able to explain the data of 9.93 percent. Prob> Chi2 significance value of 0,000 means that all independent variables have a significant effect on the dependent variable. Women who had health insurance were 1,351 times higher to use skilled birth attendant at delivery. Conclusion: The Ownership of health insurance has a significant role towards the utilization of skilled birth attendants in Indonesia in 2017. Likewise with other related factors including increasing age, education ≥ SLTA, urban living areas, parity ≤ 3 people, and economic status in quintiles 2, 3, 4 and 5.

Kondisi Kesehatan Masyarakat yang Bermukim di Daerah Tertinggal : Kasus dari Bengkulu, Sulawesi Selatan, dan Nusa Tenggara Timur Prastuti Soewondo; Meliyanni Johar; Retno Pujisubekti; Halimah Halimah; Dwi Oktiana Irawati
Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Vol 29 No 4 (2019)
Publisher : Sekretariat Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/mpk.v29i4.945

Abstract The condition of public health in disadvantaged areas has become a public highlight lately such as the high prevalence of child malnutrition and infectious diseases. This can be related to the lack of utilization of health services and the health behavior of the community itself. This study aims to provide a more comprehensive picture of clean and healthy living behaviors, health conditions, and the use of health services in disadvantages areas. Inference is made based on primary data collected at the household-level and public primary health centre in areas classified as disadvantaged, border and outer islands (DTPK) based on Presidential Decree Number 131 year 2015, and areas with the need for health workers, some of which are locations for the Nusantara Sehat (NS) program placement This study uses quantitative methods and analysis used in the form of descriptive analysis. The results show that most households have adopted some of the clean healthy behaviors that were implemented by the Ministry of Health. Almost all households know the location of the public health centre for treatment, but 47% of patients did not find a doctor when visiting the public health centre.It was also found that 36% of households choose to seek selt-medication when sick. For maternal and child health, it is known that already 66% of deliveries are assisted by midwives, and most of children under five years have received basic immunisation. What still needs to be improved is the knowledge of health and housing infrastucture that supports clean and healthy living. Suggestion for policymakers to equalize the distribution of health workers and to innovate health promotion programs in advantaged areas. Abstrak Kondisi kesehatan masyarakat di daerah tertinggal menjadi soroton publik belakangan ini seperti tingginya prevalensi gizi buruk pada balita maupun penyakit infeksi. Hal tersebut bisa dikaitkan dengan kurangnya pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan maupun perilaku kesehatan masyarakat itu sendiri. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran yang lebih komprehensif tentang perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat, kondisi kesehatan, serta penggunaan pelayanan kesehatan di daerah tertinggal. Inferensi dibuat berdasarkan data primer yang dikoleksi di tingkat rumah tangga dan puskesmas di daerah yang tergolong daerah tertinggal, perbatasan, dan kepulauan terluar (DTPK) berdasarkan Peraturan Presiden (Perpres) No. 131 tahun 2015 dan daerah berkebutuhan tenaga kesehatan yang beberapa diantaranya menjadi lokasi penempatan program Nusantara Sehat. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan analisis yang digunakan berupa analisis deskriptif. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar rumah tangga telah mengadopsi sebagian perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat seperti yang dicanangkan Kementrian Kesehatan RI. Hampir semua rumah tangga mengetahui lokasi Puskesmas untuk berobat, tetapi 47% pasien tidak menemukan dokter saat berkunjung ke puskesmas. Ditemukan juga bahwa 36% rumah tangga memilih untuk berobat sendiri ketika sakit. Untuk kesehatan ibu dan anak, diketahui bahwa sudah 66% persalinan dibantu oleh bidan dan sebagian besar balita telah menerima imunisasi dasar. Hal yang masih perlu ditingkatkan adalah pengetahuan tentang kesehatan dan prasarana rumah yang menunjang perilaku hidup bersih sehat. Saran bagi pembuat kebijakan untuk melakukan pemerataan distribusi tenaga kesehatan maupun menginovasikan program promotif kesehatan di daerah tertinggal.

DETERMINANTS OF TRADITIONAL, COMPLEMENTARY, AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE (TCAM) CHOICES : A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW Abidin, Zainal; Soewondo, Prastuti
Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Science and Health No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Science and Health

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (540.347 KB)

Background: Traditional, complementary, and alternative medicine (TCAM) is one of the treatment methods that have existed for a long time. The use of TCAM as treatment is increasing in many countries. Extensively, TCAM is used to treat various diseases, especially patients with two or more chronic diseases. TCAM as treatment is chosen by the community based on their HBM (Health Belief Model). This study aims to look at the reasons patients choose to seek treatment at TCAM. Methods: Systematic review with journal tracking through 3 database source, ProQuest, Scopus and Springer Link. We use the keywords âdeterminantsâ AND âtraditional, complementary, and alternative medicineâ for journals published in the last five years. Then we conduct critical appraisal of the selected journals. Results: From the five selected studies , we found that health satisfaction variables are the strongest reason in TCAM choice as treatment. They visit health modalities to improve their well-being or health status. Some believe and agree that TM is more safety, more convenient, more effective, cheaper, and easier to use. The use of TCAM is related to patient satisfaction, TCAM knowledge, outsides influence, positive perception, higher education, and more than 1 chronic illness. All these factors explain the model of peoples belief to health services. Conclusions: Patient satisfaction was strongly predictor of TCAM choices. Their well-being have perceived more better after using TCAM services. The socio-demographic and socioeconomic variables are modifying factors that doesnât always influence patient decision. All these determinants enrich the HBM theory as follows patient satisfaction, patient knowledge, socio-demographic, socioeconomic, and distrust as barrier.Â

â€œTahukah kamu?â€: Analisis Set Data Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (Susenas) Johar, Meliyanni; Soewondo, Prastuti; Pujisubekti, Retno; Satrio, Harsa Kunthara; Adji, Ardi; Wibisono, Iqbal Dawam
Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia Vol 19 No 2 (2019): Juli 2019
Publisher : Department of Economics-FEB UI

Susenas has been the backbone of many scientific research and public policies in Indonesia since 1960s. Nonetheless, some of its features have not been clearly conveyed and understood. We highlight two features that often lead to misinterpretation. First, the expenditure variable in Susenas does not measure private outlay but householdâ€™s consumption because it includes external assistance. Incomes of households which receive many assistances therefore are overestimated. Second, a sudden change in questionnaire since 2015 may disrupt trend analysis. Specifically for health items, this abrupt change coincides with any change stimulated by a new health initiative introduced by the Central Government. -------------------------------------- Susenas telah menjadi dasar berbagai riset dan kebijakan di Indonesia sejak pertama kali dilaksanakan tahun 1963. Namun, ada fitur-fitur yang belum dipahami benar oleh para penggunanya. Artikel ini mengangkat dua fitur yang dapat menghasilkan inferensi kurang tepat. Yang pertama, variabel pengeluaran tidaklah mengukur pengeluaran pribadi, melainkan konsumsi, karena mencakup nilai bantuan ekonomi dari pihak lain. Implikasinya, variabel ini menafsirkan daya beli yang terlalu tinggi untuk rumah tangga yang menerima banyak subsidi. Yang kedua, adanya perubahan kuesioner pada Susenas 2015 yang berdampak pada analisis tren pengeluaran. Khususnya untuk pengeluaran kesehatan, pergerakan ini bisa disalahartikan sebagai dampak program baru pemerintah ditahun sebelumnya.

FACTORS RELATED TO PENDING CLAIM IN INDONESIAN NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE (JKN): A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW Semarajana, I Nyoman Gede; Soewondo, Prastuti
Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Science and Health No 4 (2019)
Publisher : Yayasan Aliansi Cendekiawan Indonesia Thailand (Indonesian Scholars' Alliance)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (495.974 KB)

Background: The number of Indonesian National Health Insurance (JKN) member is increasing every year. It is bringing impact to the hospital and Social Security Organizing Agency (BPJS) of health. The hospital finances will face problem if BPJS of health pending or giving a smaller number of claims paid to the hospital. The hospital will get problem with employee payroll, payment of specialist medical services, drugs availability, and maintenance of hospital facilities and medical equipment. This study aims to analyze factors related to pending BPJS claim in Indonesian National Health Insurance. Methods: This study was a systematic review used PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews & Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Data obtained from journal database of Google Scholar that published between 2014-2019. The relevant studies must include factors related to pending claim in JKN. Results: The search found out 217 studies, of which 84 studies used English and Indonesia language and only 5 studies that eligible for this study. The 5 studies showed factors related to pending claim in JKN were human resources, administration, regulation, facilities, external and evaluation factors. Human resources factor more likely appeared as cause for pending BPJS claim. Conclusion: Factors related to pending claim in JKN were human resources, administration, regulation, facilities, external and evaluation factors. Human resources was the factor that most influenced for pending BPJS claim. The hospital must create strategies to overcome the factors that cause pending claim. The government should create a policy that can help BPJS of health overcome the deficit and protect the patients from facing decrease in the quality of hospital services.

UNIVERSAL PRECAUTION OF SECTIO CAESARIA IN SURGICAL ROOM Santoso, Anindita; Soewondo, Prastuti
Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Science and Health No 4 (2019)
Publisher : Yayasan Aliansi Cendekiawan Indonesia Thailand (Indonesian Scholars' Alliance)

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Background:Nosocomial infection is the presence of an infection seen in patients while in the hospital or while in other health facilities, currently this is are known as Health-care Associated Infections (HAI). One of useful strategy in controlling HAI is to improve the ability of health workers in the universal precautions method. To succeed in this strategy, we need a material briefing on universal precautions so that good knowledge is obtained between healthcare staff. Therefore it is necessary to know the relationship between knowledge about universal precautions with universal precautions attitude and safety skills on healthcare staff. Methods:Article research was limited to articles from internet databases, such as ASMR, Elsevier Journal, IJCMPH, Sage Journals with the keywords universal precaution, knowledge, safety skills, attitude, and healthcare staff. Inclusion criteria, such as English articles and published from 2008- 2018,were collected and reviewed. The searching process obtained 6 articles that met requirement for inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: There were two articles that found positive correlation between knowledge of universal precautions and safety skills or attitude, but the others showed otherwise. It shows inconsistent findings in all articles. Conclusions:Knowledge of universal precaution is not the only factor that influences the safety skills or attitude of healthcare staff. It might be other factors that influence safety skill or attitude beside knowledge of universal precaution.

THE STANDARDS OF MEDICAL CARE WITH SELF CARE FOR DIABETES MELLITUS OUTPATIENTS Wirawan, Handi; Soewondo, Prastuti
Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Science and Health No 4 (2019)
Publisher : Yayasan Aliansi Cendekiawan Indonesia Thailand (Indonesian Scholars' Alliance)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (540.879 KB)

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that will be carried for life. DM management requires the participation of doctors, nurses, nutritionists, and other health workers. Based on this, Diabetes mellitus (DM) requires awareness, self care and collaboration from all health workers. The awareness, self care and collaboration of health workers on the importance of carrying out two-way services in patients with diabetes mellitus are the supporting forces in the DM case control program according to the standard of medical care. This study is to find out the standard of medical care with self care for diabetes mellitus outpatients. Methods: A systematic review through an article review to find out the standard of medical care with self care for diabetes mellitus outpatients. The inclusion criteria for the articles used were diabetes mellitus outpatients self care, while the exclusion criteria were abstract articles, articles that did not use English and the non full text articles. Article search is limited to articles in English accessed from internet searches from databases, namely: NCBI and Knowledge E with the keyword standard medical care, self care, and diabetes mellitus. Results: Based on the 7 articles with the same title, the screening was carried out according to the criteria for inclusion and exclusion, obtained 5 articles for further review. Self care in diabetes is a series of skills that are very important to improve the effectiveness of self management in diabetes awareness of the patient itself and collaboration with health workers. Nurses deal with collaborative problems both between health workers and patients by using doctor's provisions and prescribed interventions, to minimize complications from the occurrence. Conclusion: One of the most factor that need to be improved to decreased the case of DM is how to maintain the self care of DM outpatients. It is very important because the self care is helping the outpatient with DM to maintain their own health. Because of that, the important recommendation for DM outpatient is to maintain and increasing their standard of medical care with self care.

PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT FOR THE COMPLICATION OF THIRD MOLAR SURGERY : A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW Wirastuti, Ida Ayu; Maharjana, Ida Bagus Nyoman; Soewondo, Prastuti
Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Science and Health No 4 (2019)
Publisher : Yayasan Aliansi Cendekiawan Indonesia Thailand (Indonesian Scholars' Alliance)

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Background: Impacted third molar surgery is one of the most common procedures performed by maxillofacial surgeons and it is often attended by complications. Although clinical conditions associated with retained third molars are well understood, little is known about the impact of those conditions on the quality of life among affected patients. There is growing recognition that the impact of oral conditions on quality of life is an important outcome that can be quite useful in making treatment decisions. All the information in this review could be useful for the clinicians in order to show the surgical and pharmacologic parameters that may influence the postoperative discomfort in the third molar surgeries. Methods: This systematic review followed the recommendations in PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Some of the key words or Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms used in in the two data bases (Proquest and Google Scholar) were: (1) Third Molar Surgery, (2) Complication, (3) Prevention. The articles were published in English from 2009 to 2019. Results: Studies were eligible if they evaluated prevention and management for the complication of third molar surgery, and eight studies for qualitative synthesis. Of the eight articles, all studies were selected with Randomized Control Trial. Eight studies were included because they discussed the prevention and management of third molar surgery complication. Almost all of the practices of prevention and management of third molar surgery complication described that analgetic ibuprofen and paracetamol were used for decreasing the pain, and also amoxicillin tablet was used as an antibiotic for preventing high risk complication. According to studies, prophylactic use of chlorhexidine mouth rinse in third molar surgery are equally effective in keeping post operative infection to a minimum level in medically competent patient. Conclusions: All studies revealed that the most common complications of third molar surgery were pain, trismus, swelling, alveolar osteitis, and dry socket. Those studies discussed the prevention and management third molar surgery complication. Ibuprofen and paracetamol were used to decrease the pain, amoxicillin (1g) and amoxicillin/clavulanate (875/125mg) had similar efficacious in preventing infection after retained third molar extraction, but amoxicillin and clavunate (875/125mg) produced more gastrointestinal discomfort. Prophylactic use of chlorhexidine mouth rinse and gel in third molar surgery were equally effective in keeping post operative infection. Corticosteroid had a significant and sustained anti- inflammatory effects.

UNIVERSAL PRECAUTION OF SECTIO CAESARIA IN SURGICAL ROOM Anindita Santoso; Prastuti Soewondo
Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Science and Health No. 4 (2019)
Publisher : Yayasan Aliansi Cendekiawan Indonesia Thailand (Indonesian Scholars' Alliance)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Background:Nosocomial infection is the presence of an infection seen in patients while in the hospital or while in other health facilities, currently this is are known as Health-care Associated Infections (HAI). One of useful strategy in controlling HAI is to improve the ability of health workers in the universal precautions method. To succeed in this strategy, we need a material briefing on universal precautions so that good knowledge is obtained between healthcare staff. Therefore it is necessary to know the relationship between knowledge about universal precautions with universal precautions attitude and safety skills on healthcare staff. Methods:Article research was limited to articles from internet databases, such as ASMR, Elsevier Journal, IJCMPH, Sage Journals with the keywords universal precaution, knowledge, safety skills, attitude, and healthcare staff. Inclusion criteria, such as English articles and published from 2008- 2018,were collected and reviewed. The searching process obtained 6 articles that met requirement for inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: There were two articles that found positive correlation between knowledge of universal precautions and safety skills or attitude, but the others showed otherwise. It shows inconsistent findings in all articles. Conclusions:Knowledge of universal precaution is not the only factor that influences the safety skills or attitude of healthcare staff. It might be other factors that influence safety skill or attitude beside knowledge of universal precaution.

Analisis Kesiapan Pembiayaan Hipertensi, Diabetes Melitus dan Gangguan Jiwa dalam Mendukung Program Indonesia Sehat dengan Pendekatan Keluarga (PIS PK) Tahun 2018-2020 Trihardini Sri Rejeki Astuti; Prastuti Soewondo
Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia Vol 3, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat

AbstrakProgram Indonesia Sehat dengan Pendekatan Keluarga (PIS PK) merupakan cara Puskesmas untuk meningkatkan jangkauan sasaran dan akses pelayanan kesehatan dengan mendatangi keluarga. Skala prioritas nasional dalam mencapai Indonesia Sehat salah satunya adalah menanggulangi penyakit tidak menular termasuk hipertensi, Diabetes Melitus dan Gangguan Jiwa yang prevalensinya semakin meningkat. Hipertensi, Diabetes Melitus dan Gangguan Jiwa merupakan salah satu indicator keluarga sehat dalam PIS PK untuk mencapai SPM. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik wawancara mendalam dan telaah dokumen. Kesiapan pembiayaan Hipertensi, Diabetes Melitus dan Gangguan Jiwa dihitung dengan menggunakan metode costing SPM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa belanja kesehatan untuk PIS PK digunakan untuk sosialisasi, edukasi dan pendataan. Mengacu pada perhitungan costing SPM, Kota Depok mampu melaksanakan SPM untuk Pelayanan Dasar Hipertensi, Diabetes Melitus dan Gangguan Jiwa karena hanya menggunakan 1,38% APBD KesehatanBelanja Langsung (Non Gaji). Akan tetapi, Kota Depok belum siap dalam melaksanakan PIS PK dalam hal komitmen, SDM, dan anggaran. Kota Depok sudah memahami PIS PK namun pelaksanaannya tergantung pada ketersediaan pembiayaan yang berasal dari pencairan anggaran DAK Non Fisik. Hal ini disebabkan karena terdapat jeda waktu antara proses pengusulan dan realisasi pencairan anggaran sementara SDM terbatas. Diperlukan proses perencanaan yang lebih optimal serta pengalokasian SDM sesuai kebutuhan.AbstractHealthy Indonesia Program with Family Approach (PIS PK) is a way to expand Puskesmas reach and access to health services through family home visit Overcoming non-communicable diseases (NCD) is a national priority in achieving Healthy Indonesia because the prevalence of NCD continues to increase. Managing NCD specifically hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus andmental disorders are among the indicators of healthy families in achieving PIS PK. This research uses the qualitative method through in-depth interviews and related document. Analysis of readiness of financing for hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus and mental is calculated using costing method of SPM. The results indicated health spending for PIS PK activities wereutilized for socialization, education and data collection. Referring to SPM costing calculation, the City of Depok was able to implement SPM for hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus and Mental Disorder with using only 1.38% of the total APBD (non-salary). Depok City is not ready in implementing PIS PK, specifically in terms of commitment, human resources, and budget.Though already familiar with PIS PK, Depok City states due to its limited resources, PIS PK implementation depends on the availability of funding from Non-Physical DAK disbursement that tends to have a lengthy lag time between the proposal process and the realization of the disbursement. The financing of PIS PK requires a more optimal planning process and allocation of human resources as needed.

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