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Sifat fisika dan morfologi nanokomposit ABS/PC dengan filler nano precipitated calcium carbonate (NPCC) Nurhajati, Dwi Wahini; Setyorini, Ike; Sugihartono, Sugihartono
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 30, No 1 (2014): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

The purpose of this research was to study the effect of blend ratios of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polycarbonate (PC) in the different amount of nanoprecipitated calcium carbonate (NPCC) on the physical properties of ABS/PC nanocomposites. Nanocomposites were prepared in varied ratio of ABS/PC 100/0; 90/10; 80/20; 70/30 and varied amount of NPCC 0; 2.5; and 5 phr (per hundred resin), Nanocomposites were made by melt compounding in the Laboplastomill internal mixer at 200Â°C for 10 minutes. The SEM micrographs showed homogeneous dispersion of the nanocomposite materials and did not show aglomeration of NPCC. The best nanocomposite was a nanocomposite containing the ABS/PC 90/10 with NPCC 2.5 phr perfomed with impact resistance 5030 J/m2, tensile strength 380.14 kg/cm2, elongation at break 3.59%, density 1.16 g/cm3, and hardness 85 Shore D.Â ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh perbandingan plastik acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) dan polikarbonat (PC) serta jumlah bahan pengisi nanoprecipitated calcium carbonate (NPCC) terhadap sifat fisika nanokomposit ABS/PC. Nanokomposit dibuat dengan variasi rasio ABS/PC yaitu 100/0; 90/10; 80/20; dan 70/30 serta variasi jumlah (NPCC) yaitu 0; 2,5; dan 5 phr (per hundred resin). Nanokomposit dibuat dengan menggunakan Laboplastomill internal mixer pada suhu 200Â°C dan waktu 10 menit. Hasil mikrograf SEM menunjukkan bahwa bahan penyusun nanokomposit tercampur homogen dan tidak terlihat NPCC teraglomerasi. Hasil penelitian terbaik adalah nanokomposit yang berisi ABS/PC = 90/10 dan 2,5 phr NPCC dengan hasil uji ketahanan pukul 5030 J/m2, kuat tarik 380,14 kg/cm2, perpanjangan putus 3,59%, densitas 1,16 g/cm3, dan kekerasan 85 Shore D.

Pemanfaatan trimming kulit pikel sebagai flokulan melalui hidrolisis kolagen menggunakan basa untuk penjernihan air Sugihartono, Sugihartono; Sutyasmi, Sri; Prayitno, Prayitno
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 31, No 1 (2015): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Wastes in the form of skin derivatives from leather tanning industries remain serious problems if not managed properly and quickly, since they can cause environmental pollution. This research aimed at studying the influence of base type and concentration for the hydrolysis of trimmed collagen from pickled sheepskin to the yield and properties of gelatin, as well as the gelatinâs potential as flocculant. The hydrolysis of trimmed collagen from pickled sheepskin was performed using KOH or NaOH solution, each with varied concentrations of 1, 2, 3, and 4% w/v, for 16 hours. The extraction of the resulting gelatin was performed using water (2.5 water part : 1 waste part), at 70-80 oC, for 3 hours. The results show that the yield of gelatin from hydrolysis using KOH (16.50-28.60%) is lower than that using NaOH (23.68-34.42%). The water and fat contents of the resulting gelatin were relatively similar, while the protein content from KOH treatment was higher than that from NaOH treatment. Hydrolysis with KOH 1% and NaOH 1% and 2% resulted in gelatin that can be used as flocculant. Hydrolysis with NaOH 2% was the best treatment to produce gelatin as flocculant.Keywords: pickled sheepskin, trimming waste, hydrolysis, gelatin,Â flocculant.ABSTRAKLimbah berupa kulit turunan dari industri penyamakan kulit masih menjadi masalah serius apabila tidak ditangani secara tepat dan cepat, karena dapat menimbulkan pencemaran lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh jenis dan konsentrasi basa untuk hidrolisis kolagen hasil trimming kulit domba pikel terhadap rendemen dan sifat gelatin serta kemampuannya sebagai flokulan. Hidrolisis kolagen hasil trimming kulit domba pikel dilakukan dengan menggunakan larutan KOH dan NaOH, dengan konsentrasi berturut-turut 1, 2, 3, dan 4% b/v selama 16 jam. Ekstraksi gelatin dilakukan dengan menggunakan air (2,5 bagian air : 1 bagian kulit) pada suhu 70 â 80 oC, selama 3 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rendemen gelatin hasil hidrolisis menggunakan KOH adalah sebesar 16,5 - 28,60%, lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan menggunakan NaOH, yaitu sebesar 23,68 - 34,42%. Kandungan air dan lemak gelatin relatif sama, sedangkan kandungan protein hasil perlakuan KOH lebih tinggi dari pada NaOH. Sebaliknya, kandungan abu dan pH perlakuan KOH lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan perlakuan NaOH. Hidrolisis dengan KOH 1% dan NaOH 1% serta 2% menghasilkan gelatin yang dapat berfungsi sebagai flokulan. Hidrolisis menggunakan NaOH 2% merupakan perlakuan terbaik untuk menghasilkan gelatin sebagai flokulan.Kata kunci: kulit domba pikel, limbah trimming, hidrolisis, gelatin, flokulan.

EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN MEDIA REALIA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN KOSAKATA BAHASA JEPANG (Eksperimen Pembelajaran Kosakata Benda-Benda yang Berkaitan dengan Budaya Khas Jepang Terhadap Siswa Kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Lembang Tahun Ajaran 2015/2016) Aprilliana, Lena; Sutjiati, Neneng; Sugihartono, Sugihartono
JAPANEDU: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengajaran Bahasa Jepang Vol 1, No 3 (2016): December 2016
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (Indonesia University of Education)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/japanedu.v1i3.6009

Pembelajaran bahasa asing dalam sebuah materi ajar sangat mengutamakan pengenalan pembendaharaan kosakata. Dalam pembelajaran bahasa Jepang di tingkat Sekolah Menengah Atas, budaya Jepang turutÂ dipelajari dengan tujuan sebagai pengenalan dan peningkatan wawasan budaya. Beberapa kosakata benda perlu dipahami agar mempermudah dalam mempelajari budaya khas Jepang. Media pembelajaran memiliki peranan penting dalam menyampaikan materi ajar, media realia menjadi pilahan yang dianggap dapat meningkatkan penguasaan kosakata bahasa Jepang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif eksperimen, dengan populasi siswa SMA Negeri 1 Lembang tahun ajaran 2015/2016. Sampel dipilih secara acak dengan jumlah 84 orang yaitu X MIA 2 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan X MIA 3 sebagai kelas kontrol. Analisis data menggunakan instrumen tes awal (pretest), tes akhir (posttest) dan angket. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan, nilai rata-rata siswa sebelum menggunakan media realia pada kelas eksperimen 30,48, pada kelas kontrol 27,69. Setelah menggunakan media realia nilai rata-rata kelas eksperimen menjadi 78,02, pada kelas kontrol 59,90. Perhitungan statistik komparasional, sebelum menggunakan media realia t hitung lebih kecil dari t tabel yaitu 1,222,64. Setelah menggunakan realia nilai t hitung lebih besar dari t tabel yaitu 7,522,64. Hal tersebut menyatakan ada perbedaan yang signifikan pada kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol setelah menggunakan media realia. Hasil angket menunjukkan persentase sebesar 76%-95% (sebagian besar) responden memberikan tanggapan positif mengenai pembelajaran dengan media realia. Penggunaan media realia sangat efektif dalam meningkatkan penguasaan kosakata benda yang berkaiatan dengan budaya khas Jepang.Â Â Â The learning of foreign language in a learning material is prioritizing the introduction of vocabularies. In the Japanese language learning at the high school level, Japanese cultures are taught with the purpose of introducing and enhancing studentsâ€™ cultural insight. Some objects vocabularies are needed to be understood in order to make ease students to learn Japanese typical cultures. The first observation conducted in this research shows that the Japanese vocabularies learning is difficult to be learnt by using book as the media of learning. Learning media has an important role in delivering learning material. Realia becomes the alternative media to enhance students in mastering Japanese vocabularies. This research employed the true experimental quantitative methods with the population of students in SMA NEGERI 1 LEMBANG in the academic year 2015/2016. The sample of this research were selected randomly with 84 students employed both as the experimental class in X MIA 2 and X MIA 3 as the control class. The instruments used in the data analysis were prettest, posttest and questionaires.The data analysis shows that the average score of students before using Realia as the learning media in the experimental class was 30.48 and 27.69 in the control class. After realia was used as the learning media, the average score of the experimental class increases until 78.20 and 59.90 in the control class. Meanwhile, the t calculation of comparational statistic calculation before using realia was smaller than the t table which is 1.222.64. After using realia as the learning media the t score became greater than t table which is 7.52 2.64. It shows that there is a significant difference between experimental class and control class after using realia as the learning media. The questionnaire results shows that 76% -95% (most) of the respondents give positive feedback towards the learning with using realia as the media of learning. The use of realia as the media of learning is very effective in improving the mastery of objects vocabularies relating to the typical culture of Japan.

UTILIZATION THE PHOTOS OF MEDIA AS AN ALTERNATIVE JAPANESE LANGUAGE LEARNING FOR IMPROVED REMEMBERING ABILITY NOUNS VOCABULARY IN JAPANESE LANGUAGE Mauliyasari, Melly Septiani; Sugihartono, Sugihartono; Risda, Dianni
JAPANEDU: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengajaran Bahasa Jepang Vol 1, No 1 (2016): April
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (Indonesia University of Education)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/japanedu.v1i1.2641

ABSTRAKPembendaharaan kata merupakan kunci utama dalam keterampilan berbahasa. banyaknya jumlah kosakata yang dimiliki seseorang, mencerminkan kualitas bahasa yang dimilikinya. Dari sekian jumlah kosakata yang sangat banyak, pembelajar suatu bahasa harus mempunyai daya ingat yang baik untuk menghafal kosakata sebagai suatu dasar untuk terampil berbahasa. sering kali dalam menghafal kosakata baruÂ pembelajar mengalami suatu kendala. Kendala tersebut merupakan masalah yang sering terjadi, yaitu karena kemampuan mengatur atau menyimpan ingatan seseorang belum maksimal. Dengan adanya permasalahan ini, diperlukan media untuk memudahkan pembelajar untuk memudahkan mengingat kosakata dengan baik. Salah satu media yang efektif untuk pembelajaran kosakata adalah menggunakan media foto. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hasil peningkatan kemampuan mengingat kosakata nomina bahasa sebelum dan sesudah menggunakan media foto . Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuasi eksperimen, dengan desain penelitian one group pretest posttest. sample dalam penelitian ini adalah 24orang siswa SMAN 15 bandung kelas XI lintas minat bahasa Jepang. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes dan angket. Berdasarkan hasil data penelitian, terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kemampuan awal dan kemampuan akhir pada siswa kelas XI lintas minat. hal ini dibuktikan dengan hasil nilai t-hitung sebesar 17,21 t-tabel 2,07 dengan taraf signifikan 5% dan t-hitung 17,21 t-tabel 2,81 dengan taraf signifikan 1%. maka dapat disimpulkan hipotesis diterima. kemudian dari segi keefektifitasannya menggunakan normalized gain diperoleh nilai 0,90, dimana nilai tersebut membuktikan bahwa penggunaan media foto efektif untuk pembelajaran kosakata nomina bahasa Jepang, dan dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu media alternatif. selain itu, dari hasil data angket bahwa penggunaan media foto efektif membantu siswa dalam pembelajaran kosakata nomina bahasa Jepang.ABSTRACTVocabulary is the key in language skills. A large number of vocabulary that is owned by someone, it reflects the quality of the language which is owned by him. From the large number of vocabulary, the learners of a language should have a good memory to memorize vocabulary as a basic for the skillful in the language. Often in a memorizing a new vocabulary, the learners encounter an obstacle. These obstacles are a common problem, because the ability to set or keep someone memory is not maximized. With the existence of these problems, it needs a media to facilitate the learners for make it easier to remember vocabulary nicely. One effective media for learning vocabulary is uses the photos of media. The purpose of this research was to determine the result of an increase in the ability to remember the vocabulary of nouns language before and after using the media of photos. The method used in this research is quasi-experimental, with the design of the research one group pretest posttest. The samples in this research is 24 students of class XI SMAN 15 Bandung cross-interest Japanese language. The instrument used in this research is the tests and questionnaires. Based on the results of research data, there are significant differences between the preliminary results and the final results on the students. This is evidenced by the results of the t-count by 17, 21 t-table 2, 07 with significant level of 5% and a t count 17, 21 t-table 2, 81 with a significant level of 1%. It can be concluded that hypothesis was accepted. Then, in terms of effectiveness using a normalized gain obtained a value of 0, 90, where the value is proven that the utilization of photo media is effective for the learning noun vocabulary in Japanese language, and can be used as one of the alternative media.Â

MODEL PENGGUNAAN MEDIA POWER POINT DALAM PENGEMBANGAN POLA KALIMAT BAHASA JEPANG TINGKAT DASAR (Penelitian Terhadap Mahasiswa Tingkat I Departemen Pendidikan Bahasa Jepang Tahun 2015/2016) Hidayat, Romi; Sugihartono, Sugihartono; Danasasmita, Wawan
JAPANEDU: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengajaran Bahasa Jepang Vol 1, No 2 (2016): Agustus 2016
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (Indonesia University of Education)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/japanedu.v1i2.3293

AbstraksiBahasa merupakan modal utama dalam melakukan komunikasi. Kemampuan berbahasa menjadi sangat penting dalam melakukan segala aktivitas. Hal umum yang menjadi kesulitan dalam mempelajari suatu Bahasa asing bagi pemula adalah aturan kebahasaan. Begitupun dengan Bahasa Jepang yang memiliki susunan kalimat yang berbeda dengan Bahasa Indonesia sehingga tidak mudah untuk dipahami oleh pembelajar secara umum. Kesulitan yang sering ditemukan oleh pengajar Bahasa Jepang dalam mengajarkan pola kalimat adalah keterbatasan media yang digunakan dalam menyampaikan materi pelajaran. Oleh karena itu penulis melakukan penelitian mengenai model penggunaan media power point dalam mengembangkan pola kalimat Bahasa Japang tingkat dasar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan mahasiswa dalam mengembangkan pola kalimat Bahasa Jepang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah ekperimen quasi. Objek penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa tingkat 1 Departemen Pendidikan Bahasa Jepang UPI. Instrument yang digunakan adalah pretest, posttest,dan angket. Dari hasil analisis data diketahui nilai rata-rata, pretest 34,64, posttest 7,.57, dengan db = 27, sehingga t-hitung yang diperoleh 16.64. t-hitung tersebut lebih besar dari t-tabel dengan taraf signifikan 5%= 2,052 dan 1%= 2,771, dengan demikian Hk diterima yang artinya model penggunaan media power point dalam mengembangkat pola kalimat Bahasa Jepang tingkat dasar efektif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan pengembangan pola kalimat Bahasa Jepang tingkat dasar pada mahasiswa tingkat 1 departemen pendidikan Bahasa Jepang UPI. Serta dari hasil angket yang telah dianalisa dapat dikatakan bahwa penggunaan media power point sangat membantu mahasiwa dalam mengembangkan pola kalimat Bahasa Jepang.Â Keyword: model, power point, pola kalimat.Â ABSTRACTLanguage is the main asset in communication. Language skills become very important in all activities. General terms that the difficulty in learning a foreign language for beginners is the linguistic rules. As well as with Japanese which have different sentence structures with Indonesian so it is not easy to be understood by the learner in general. Difficulties which often found by teachers in teaching the Japanese language sentence patterns are limited media that used to convey the subject. Therefore, the authors doin research on power point media usage model in developing basic level of Japanese sentence patterns. This study aims to determine students' ability in developing the Japanese sentence patterns. The method that used in this study is a quasi experimental. The object of this research is first grader of UPIâ€™s Japanese education departement. The instruments used were pretest, posttest, and questionnaires. From the analysis of the data known to the average value, 34.64 pretest, posttest 7, .57, with db = 27, so the t-count acquired 16.64. t-count is greater than t-table with a significant level of 5% = 2.052 and 1% = 2,771. thus Hk accepted meaning used power point of media used model in developing a Japanese sentence patterns base rate effective in enhancing the development capabilities of basic lavel in Japanese sentence patterns of first grader of UPIâ€™s Japanese education departement. As well as from the results of questionnaires that have been analyzed can be said that the use of media power point greatly assist students in developing a Japanese sentence patterns.Â Keywords : model, power point, sentence patterns.

MODEL MATERI PEMBELAJARAN POLA UNGKAPAN YANG TERDAPAT PADA LIRIK LAGU JEPANG KARYA GRUP MUSIK STEREOPONY Kasidi, Tiarayanti; Sugihartono, Sugihartono; Bachri, Aep Saeful
JAPANEDU: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengajaran Bahasa Jepang Vol 1, No 1 (2016): April
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (Indonesia University of Education)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/japanedu.v1i1.2655

AbstrakPola ungkapan merupakan salah satu aspek yang sangat penting dalam bahasa Jepang. Pemahaman dan penggunaan pola ungkapan sangat dibutuhkan dalam berkomunikasi. Namun tentunya dalam bahasa Jepang ini ada beberapa pola yang sama akan tetapi penggunaannya berbeda. Pembelajar pastinya memerlukan pemahaman yang baik agar dapat menggunakan pola-pola tersebut sesuai dengan konteksnya. Agar pembelajar lebih mudah menguasai dan membedakan pola-pola tersebut diperlukan metode atau pun materi yang tepat. Penelitian akan berbagai metode dan media dalam pengajaran bahasa Jepang memang sudah banyak dilakukan. Namun penelitian akan materi pembelajaran itu sendiri pun diperlukan agar pengajar dapat mengemas materi pembelajaran yang memudahkan pembelajar dalam memahami pola yang diajarkan. Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan 3 lagu karya Stereopony sebagai materi pembelajaran pola ungkapan tingkat dasar menengah atau setara N4. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 15 pola ungkapan tingkat dasar menengah yang terdapat pada ke 3 lirik tersebut. Kemudian penulis mencari makna dan fungsi dari pola-pola ungkapan tersebut dari berbagai sumber, serta contoh-contoh lain dalam penggunaan pola tersebut dalam berbagai konteks. Lagu tersebut beserta fungsi dan contohnya diharapkan dapat menjadi materi pembelajaran yang dapat memudahkan pembelajar dalam memahami pola-pola ungkapan.Â Kata kunci: pola ungkapan, materi pembelajaran, lirik laguÂ Â AbtractThe pattern of expression is one very important aspect in Japanese. Understanding and usage of the expression pattern is needed in communicating. But of course in Japanese, there are some patterns are the same but different usage. Learners certainly requires a good understanding in order to use the patterns according to the context. So that learners more easily master and distinguish the patterns required method or any appropriate material. Research about a variety of methods and media in the teaching of the Japanese language is already done. However, the research aboutÂ the learning materialÂ was necessary, so that the teacher can pack the learning materials that facilitate learners in understanding the pattern taught. In this study the authors used three songs by Stereopony as expression pattern learning material of intermediate basic level or equivalent N4. Results from this study indicate that there are 15 basic-intermediate level expression patterns found on the 3 lyrics. Then the authors find meaning and function of the expression patterns from various sources, and search the examples of the patterns that use in a variety of contexts. The song and its functions and examples expected to be material that can facilitate learners in understanding the patterns of sentence.Â Keyword: expression patterns, learning material, lyrics

Analisis Faktor Risiko Kejadian Pneumonia Pada Balita Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sidorejo Kota Pagar Alam Sugihartono, Sugihartono; Rahmatullah, Pasiyan; Nurjazuli, Nurjazuli
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 11, No 1 (2012): April 2012
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.11.1.82-86

Background : Pneumonia is an infectious disease that remains a public health problem in Indonesia, the third cause of death in Indonesia after cardiovascular and tuberculosis.Â The high incidence of pneumonia mainly attacks in the age group of infants and children under five years old.Â In Pagar Alam city in 2009, there were 671 cases (IR = 4.9%).Â The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between the house physical environment factor and individual faktor of children with pneumonia incidence in working area of Public Health Center, Sidorejo, Pagar Alam city. Method: This research was an observational study using case control design. While variables studied among other things are nutritional status, immunization status, history of breastfeeding, type of house flooring, proportion of bedroom ventilation, occupancy density, the presence of smoking family members, type of fuel used for cooking, the presence of family members suffering from respiratory tract infections.Â Subject of the research consists of two groups, namely case group and control group, each of which is consisting of 54 subjects.Â Data was collected by interview, observation, and measurement.Â Data analysis used analysis of univariate, bivariate with chi square, and multivariate with logistic regression, using a significant level of 0.05 (5%) to determine the risk of the independent variables on the dependent variables and the estimation of the risk (odds ratio) of the cause of pneumonia incidence on children under five years old. Result : The results of this research show that of the 9 risk factors studied, there are 3 variables with the risk of the incidence of pneumonia on children under five years old, namely a history of breastfeeding (OR = 8.958, 95% CI : 2.843 - 28.232), type of house floor (OR = 10.528, 95% CI : 2.612 - 42.441) and the presence of smoking family members (OR 8.888, 95% CI : 1.738 - 45.437). The variable at greatest risk of pneumonia incidence on children under five years old is type of house flooring. In conclusion, this research indicates that nutrition status, immunization status, breastfeeding history, type of house flooring, size of room ventilation, occupancy density, type of fuel used for cooking, and the presence of smoking family members are closely related to the incidence of pneumonia. Â Key words: pneumonia, children under five years old, physical environment of housing, Pagar Alam city

Segmental Sinusoidal Model for Speech Signal Coding Setiawan, Florentinus Budi; Soegijoko, Soegijardjo; Sugihartono, Sugihartono; Tjondronegoro, Suhartono
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 10, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Segmental Sinusoidal Model for Speech Signal Coding. Periodic signal can be decomposed by sinusoidal component with Fourier series. With this characteristic, it can be modeled referring by sinusoidal form. By the sinusoidal model, signal can be quantized in order to encode the speech signal at the lower rate. The recent sinusoidal method is implemented in speech coding. By using this method, a block of the speech signal with 20 ms to 30 ms width is coded based on Fourier series coefficients. The new method proposed is quantization and reconstruction of speech signal by the segmental sinusoidal model. A segment is defined as a block of the speech signal from certain peak to consecutive peak. The length of the segment is variable, instead of the fixed block like the recent sinusoidal method. Coder consists of the encoder and the decoder. Encoder works to code speech signal at variable rate. Then coded signal will be transmitted to receiver. On the receiver, coded signal will be reconstructed, so that the reconstruction signal has the near quality compared with the original signal. The experimental results show that the average of segmental SNR is more than 20 dB.

Simple ML Detector for Multiple Antennas Communication System Taqwa, Ahmad; Soegijoko, Soegijardjo; Sugihartono, Sugihartono; Tjondronegoro, Suhartono
Makara Journal of Technology Vol. 13, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Simple ML Detector for Multiple Antennas Communication System. In order to support providing broadband wireless communication services against limited and expensive frequency bandwidth, we have to develop a bandwidth efficient system. Therefore, in this paper we propose a closed-loop MIMO (Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output) system using ML (Maximum Likelihood) detector to optimize capacity and to increase system performance. What is especially exciting about the benefits offered by MIMO is that a high capacity and performance can be attained without additional frequency-spectral resource. The grand scenario of this concept is the attained advantages of transformation matrices having capability to allocate transmitted signals power suit to the channel. Furthermore, product of these matrices forms parallel singular channels. Due to zero inter-channels correlation, thus we can design ML detector to increase the system performance. Finally, computer simulations validates that at 0 dB SNR our system can reach optimal capacity up to 1 bps/Hz and SER up to 0.2 higher than opened-loop MIMO.

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