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Potensi Hipertoleransi Calopogonium mucunoides, Centrosema pubescens dan Cajanus cajan yang Tumbuh pada Limbah Penambangan Emas Terkontaminasi Sianida dan Merkuri Syarif, Fauzia; Hidayati, Nuril; Juhaeti, Titi
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 4, No 4 (2007): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

ABSTRACTPotency of Hypertolerance of Calopogonium mucunoides, Centrosema pubescensand Cajanus cajan . Grown on Gold Mine waste Media Contaminated by Cyanideand Mercury. Cleaning up contaminated environment by using green technology ofphytoremediation is urgently needed in the future. These plants will be utilized ashyperaccumulators for cleaning up the contaminated sites. The results of plant screeningshowed that some plant species, which grow in the contaminated areas, indicated hightolerance and potentially effective in accumulating cyanide and mercury in their rootsand above ground portions. Those plants are Calopogonium mucunoides and Centrosemapubescens. This research aims to examine the potency of three candidate plants i.eCalopogonium mucunoides, Centrosemapubescens and Cajanus cajan, that were grownunder three different media i.e tailing waste of PT ANTAM contaminated by cyanide,public mine or PET1 waste that were contaminated by mercury and non contaminated topsoil as a control. The results showed that all of the species were able to grow undercontaminated media and showed a considerable tolerance by indicated high cyanide andmercury accumulation in their shoot and root. Among those three plants, Centrosemapubescens showed the highest level of cyanide and mercury accumulation i.e 3.29 mg I- CN (in the shoot), 34.72 mg I- Hg (in the shoot) and 17.47 mg lk Hg (in the root),followed by Calopogonium mucunoides i.e 14,97 mg I- CN (in the root). Concentrationratio of CN and Hg accumulation in shoot/root of Centrosemapubescens was >I indicatingthat this plant, according to the definition can beconsidered as a hyperaccumulator.Key Words: Calopogonium mucunoides, Centrosemapubescens, Cajanus cajan, mercury,cyanide, waste

Efektivitas EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetracetic Acid) dalam Meningkatkan Akumulasi Timbal pada Saccharum spontaneum yang Ihmbuh di Limbah Penambangan Emas Hidayati, Nuril; Juhaeti, Titi; Syarif, Fauzia
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 4, No 1 (2006): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

ABSTRACTEffectivity of EDTA (EthylenediaminetetraceticAcid) in Increasing Lead Accumulationof Saccharum spontaneum Grown Under Gold Mine Waste. Lead (Pb) isknown as one of a major metal contaminant in mine tailing. This metal has low solubility,and in many cases, is not readily available. In most soils capable of supporting plantgrow, the soluble Pb2+ levels are relatively low and will not promote substantial uptake bythe plant. In addition, many plants retain Pb2+ in their roots with only minimal trabsportto the aboveground plant portions. Therefore, it is important to find ways to enhance thebioavailability of Pb2+ or to find specific plants that can better translocate the Pb2+ intoharvestable portions for phytoremediation. The success of Pb phytoremediation is tohave significant Pb availability as well as a large quantity of plant biomass with high rateof growth. This experiment was conducted to obtain both purposes. Saccharumspontaneum which proven tolerant and dominant in contaminated area as well as potentialin producing high biomass was used in this research.The plants were grown in wastemedia added by 100 ppm, 200 ppm and 300 ppm of Pb. Ethylenediaminetetracetine Acid(EDTA) was applied to increase Pb availability and plant uptake as well as translocationto the aboveground portions. The results showed that the plant still capable of growingunder the highest level of Pb. EDTA increase Pb availability and plant uptake. Pb accumulationin the aboveground biomass of EDTA treated plants were relatively higher thanuntreated plants.Key words: Timbal, EDTA, phytoremediation

Respon Fisiologis dan Pertumbuhan Kakao (Theobroma cacao), Kopi (Coffea arabica), Karet (Hevea brasiliensis) dan Cengkih (Syzygium aromaticum ) Fase Bibit Terhadap Naungan dan Pemupukan Hidayati, Nuril; Juhaeti, Titi; Syarif, Fauzia
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 11, No 1 (2015): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v11i1.2154

Plants show different physiological responses to light intensities. Study on optimum light intensities for different plants is important, especially for commercial plant commodities, such as industrial plantation plants. This research aims to study the influence of shading and fertilization treatments on plant growth and the activity of some physiological process of four industrial trees namely Cacao (Theobroma cacao), Coffee (Coffea arabica ),ÃÂ Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) danÃÂ Clove (Syzygium aromaticum). This research was conducted at Cibinong Science Center LIPI. Two treatment factors applied were three levels of shading : 0%, 55%, 75% and three levels of N ferlitizer: 0 g/plant, 5 g/plant and 10 g/plant arranged in Randomized Block Design with five replicates. Result of experiment revealed that all plant species showed the best growth performance and optimum physiological activities under 55% of shade level in combination with 10 g of N fertilization. The highest CO2 was 13.07 ÃÂµmolm-2s-1 ÃÂ (55%ÃÂ shad). The highest values of transpiration and stomatal conductance were 7.56 molm-2s-1 dan 0.73 molm-2s-1 (55% shade). The highest carbohydrate content was 22.49% (under 0% shade) and the lowest was 12.74% (under 75% shade).ÃÂ Keywords: Physiological activity, growth, shading, fertilizationÃÂ

TOLERANSI BEBERAPA GENOTIPE Vigna umbellata (THUMB.) TERHADAP SUHU TINGGI PADA BERBAGAI TAHAP PERTUMBUHAN [Heat Tolerance of Some Vigna umbellata (Thumb.) genotypes at different Growth Phases] Poerba, Yuyu Suryasari; Syarif, Fauzia
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 4, No 5 (1999)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Degree of electrolyte leakage (EL) from leaf tissue after exposure to high temperature has been used as an indicator of heat tolerance. Inthe present study, EL was measured in an attempt to estimate heat tolerance of Viana umbellata (Thumb.) genotypes at three differentgrowth phases. The degree of heat injury is significantly different among the three growth phases and among the genotypes as well as their interaction. However, the degree of heat injury tends to increase over the plant growth. The 18 genotypes of V. umbellata shows moderate genetic variability as shown by its value of genetic variance (46,25 ÃÂ±16,35), phenotypic variance (85,37 ÃÂ±27,60), and coefficientof genetic variation (26,36%).

TOLERANSI SENGON BUTO (Enterolobium cyclocarpum Griseb) YANG DITANAM PADA MEDIA LIMBAH TAILING TERCEMAR SIANIDA DENGAN PERLAKUAN PUPUK Syarif, Fauzia
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Sengon buto (Enterolobium cyclocarpum Griseb) is one of the potential plant species for land reclamation and possibly for phytoremediation because of its fast growing even on poor soil, and its ability to fertilize soil through nitrogen fixation. For phytoremediation purpose we need fast growing plant with high ability to absorp target contaminant. Fertilization is needed to improve plant growth. This experiment was carried out to study the tolerance of sengon buto (Enterolobium cyclocarpum Griseb) grown on cyanide contaminated tailing media on various level of NPK fertilizer.The sengon buto seed were planted in the tailing of gold mine media mixed with compost (4:1) in pots. Various levels of NPK fertilizer were applied i.e. 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 g/pot at 2 and 2.5 month after planting (MAP).The plant were harvested at 6 MAP. The result showed that NPK fertilizer increase plant growth at level 2 of 2 g/pot, however the value of the increment was not significantly different with control plant (0 g/pot). Cyanide content of NPK treated plants were higher than the untreated plants. The highest value of shoot/root cyanide content ratio was on the NPK untreated plants (4.34) followed by 2 g/pot treatment (3.59). It is means that sengon buto is potential for phytoremediation of tailing of gold mining.

KEBIJAKAN DAN POLA KONSERVASI CENDANA PADA MASA MENDATANG DI PROPINSI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR Wawo, Albert H; Naiola, BP; Syarif, Fauzia
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 5, No 5 (2001)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Cendana (Santalum album L.) adalah tumbuhan yang memiliki potensi ekonomi tinggi karena penggunaannya di berbagai bidang seperti bahan kosraetika, obat-obatan, kayu ukiran dan bahan kerajinan rumah tangga (home industry). Oleh karena potensinya yang tinggi itu maka eksploitasi dari habitat aslinya dilakukan secara terus-menerus tanpa memperhatikan upaya konservasinya, sehingga populasi cendana dalam habitat aslinya telah sampai pada kondisi yang memprihatinkan. Cendana merupakan salah satu komoditi unggulan di propinsi NTT yang mampu memberikan andil sebesar 22,08% untuk pendapatan asli daerah (PAD). Dalam rangka Otonomisasi Daerah sesuai dengan UU Nomor 22 tahun 1999 maka perhatian khusus untuk konservasi dan pengembangan cendana adalah salah satu prioritas yang tidak dapat dielakkan oleh masyarakat dan PEMDA NTT. Model agroforestry cendana merupakan salah satu pola konservasi dan pengembangan cendana di masa mendatang dengan melibatkan masyarakat lokal untuk menanam cendana di ladang atau tegalannya. Dengan menerapkan pola ini dalam periode jangka panjang (lebih dari 20 tahun) ke depan masyarakat secara berangsur-angsur mengurangi tekanan terhadap pengambilan cendana dari habitat aslinya di alammkarena cendana telah dapat dipanen dari ladang dan tegalannya. Tulisan ini akan membahas pula penyebab kegagalan konservasi cendana, dan beberapa pemikiran tentang kebijakan dasar untuk konservasi cendana pada masa mendatang.

POTENSI RUMPUT-RUMPUTAN UNTUK FITOREMEDIASI LAHAN TERDEGRADASI PENAMBANGAN EMAS Syarif, Fauzia; Juhaeti, Titi
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 6, No 6 (2003)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Phytoremediation is defined as a clean up of pollutants primarily mediated by pliotosynthetic plants so its could be used as an alternative technique to overcome contaminated soil and water such an mining ecosystems. These plants have several beneficial characteristics; they have ability to accumulate metals in their shoots and especially high tolerance to heavy metals.Since Indonesia has abundant plant diversity, it is believed that some of them are potential to be used as phytoremediator.This research was carried out to study the potential of three species of grasses in accumulating Pb and Cn. The treatments were arranged on Randomized Complete Block Design (factorial design). The first treatment are species of grass: 1) Cynodon dactylon Pers., 2)Cyperus sp. and 3) Ischaemum timorense Kith.; the second treatment is planting media i.e. 1) tailing soil, 2) soil from wildmining (mining activities run by unexpected miners) and 3) top soil and the third is organic fertilizer: 1) manure, 2) compost and 3) no fertilizer.The resultsshowed that all of the three grasses are potential to accumulate Pb and Cn. Organic fertilizer mixed on planting media is significantly affected the growth of grasses and increasing the accumulation of Cn on leaf of Cyperus sp. and I.timorense. While no evidence in increasing Pb accumulation on all of those three grasses species

Potensi Hiperakumulasi Saccharum spontaneum pada Medium Limbah Tailing Terkontaminasi Sianida Hidayati, Nuril; Juhaeti, Titi; Syarif, Fauzia
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 13, No 2 (2008): June 2008
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

One approach to minimize risks from some toxic pollutants is phytoextraction using hyperaccumulator plants. These remarkable plant species accumulate appreciable high concentration of pollutants, including cyanide than normal plants. Although cyanide is not categorized as heavy metal, its presence is considered as one of important toxic pollutants in the environment. Detoxification of cyanide contaminated soils and waters with plants seems to be a feasible option. Since plants vary in their ability to accumulate specific contaminants, it is necessary to select plant species that can both accumulate and tolerate the contaminants. This study aims to characterized plants that grow under extreme contaminated media of gold mined tailing belongs to PT ANTAM Cikotok and to analyse their potencies as hyperaccumulators. Saccharum spontaneum which was proven tolerant and dominant in the contaminated site as well as potential in producing high biomass was used in this research. The plants were grown in tailing waste media added by 0, 5 and 10 mg kg-1 CN. Organic fertilizers i.e. manure and compost were applied to increase CN uptake. The results showed that the plants were capable of growing under the highest level of CN. Application of organic fertilizer increased plant uptake. The results indicated that Saccharum spontaneum can be considered as high tolerance and potentially effective in accumulating CN in their roots and above ground portions.

VARIASI KARAKTERISTIK PERTUMBUHAN TACCA LEONTOPETALOIDES (L) KUNTZE (TACCACEAE) DI PULAU JAWA DAN PULAU-PULAU KECIL SEKITARNYA Syarif, Fauzia; Lestari, Peni; Wawo, Albert Husein
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 13, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v13i2.690

An increasing of population, land conversion, and the behaviour changes in many crops due to global warming could produce a significant negative effect to food security in many countries, including Indonesia. In order to maintain the availability of food, we should find out alternative foods based on corp comodities that can adapt to future agricultural land conditions. One species to be promoted for that purpose is Tacca leontopetaloides (taka). This study was aimed to determine growth characteristics variations of taka in Java and its surrounding small islands through exploration and interview methods. Results indicated that there were two morphological variations of taka based on the canopy colour, namely green and purple. Taka found growing in coastal areas up to100 m above sea level. The light intensity and soil type greatly affected their growth. These plants lived either solitary or in a groups, grow well on sandy soil to clay, under the shade and open areas. Species around taka allegedly contributed in determining taka growth and production. Taka tuber can be an alternative carbohydrate source for supporting food self-sufficiency in coastal communities.

PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN JEWAWUT [SETARIA ITALICA (L.) P. BEAUV.] PADA PERLAKUAN DOSIS RADIASI DENGAN PENGURANGAN FREKUENSI PENYIRAMAN UNTUK SELEKSI TOLERAN KEKERINGAN Hidayati, Nuril; Syarif, Fauzia
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 15, No 2 (2019): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v15i2.3811

ABSTRACTFoxtail millet [Setaria italica (L.) Beauv.] is one of potential cereal plants that can be developed as a source of carbohydrates in marginal and dry lands. The purpose of this study was to examine the tolerance to drought of foxtail millet accession of Buru Merah as a result of gamma radiation treatment. In this study, the seeds of the Buru Merah accession were treated with gamma ray at doses of 0, 25, 50, 100 and 200 Gy. The established growing plants were then treated with different intervals of watering, which were every day (as control), 2 days, 4 days, and 6 days which were arranged in factorial randomized block design with three replications. The observed variables were increase plant height, increase of leaf number, leaf chlorophyll content, plant water potential and yields. The results revealed that the radiation treatment did not show any significant difference in the production of plant biomass. With radiation treatments of 0, 25, 50 and 100 Gy. and a two-day watering interval the plants can still maintain its water potential above -3 MPa and showing optimum growth. However radiation treatment resulted a significant difference in panicle production, especially between the radiation dose of 200 Gy. and others. The combination of 0-100 Gy. radiation treatment and 2-day watering interval produced plants with optimum panicle production.Keywords: drought, growth, millet, production, radiation, tolerant

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