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Pembuatan kulit atasan sepatu bebas krom Widari, Widari; Rambat, Rambat; Suparti, Suparti
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 29, No 2 (2013): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to obtain the process formulation for leather tanning in manufacturing chrome-free upper leather. The tanning process used vegetable tanning material (mimosa), syntan, and combination of vegetable-syntan. The leather were prepared using 25, 30, and 35% of mimosa, 10, 15, and 20% of syntan, and 15:10; 15:15; and 20%:15% of mimosa:syntan. Chrome tanning material 6% was used as control. Based from the results of physical testing according to SNI 0234:2009, the resulting leather met the quality requirements for shoe upper leather. Tanning process with 20% syntan gave the best result.Keywords: chrome, vegetable, syntan, leather, shoesABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memperoleh formulasi tahapan proses penyamakan kulit dalam pembuatan kulit atasan sepatu bebas krom. Proses penyamakan menggunakan bahan penyamak nabati (mimosa), syntan dan kombinasi antara nabatiâsyntan. Variasi perlakuan ditetapkan pada penggunaan bahan nabati 25, 30 dan 35%, bahan penyamak syntan 10, 15 dan 20%, dan kombinasi nabati:syntan 15:10, 15:15 dan 20%:15%. Sebagai kontrol adalah bahan penyamak krom 6%. Ditinjau dari hasil uji fisika dengan tolok ukur SNI 0234:2009, kulit hasil penelitian telah memenuhi persyaratan mutu kulit untuk atasan sepatu. Proses penyamakan terbaik diperoleh dengan penggunaan syntan 20%.Kata kunci: krom, nabati, syntan, kulit jadi, sepatu

Mutu kulit jaket dari kulit domba peranakan merino Oetojo, Bambang; Lutfi, Muchtar; Widari, Widari; Basalamah, Hasan
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 5, No 9 (1990): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

To compare the quality of jacket leather output from merino descendent sheep skin to that one yield from local sheep skin is the purpose of this research. For this comparative research it was used four pieces of good quality merino descendent sheep skin and four pieces of good quality local sheep skin. Through the ordinary tanning method, all of the skins, either merino descendent sheep skins or the local one were process into jacket leather. Further more the jacket leathers output from this research were visual investigeted and physical tested. Statistical analysis points out that there is unsignify difference (P â¼ 0,05) the influence of the spesies either it is merino descendent sheep skin or the local one to the tensile strenght and the stretch of jacket leather. It is also unsignify difference (P â¼ 0,05) the influence of the spesies either it is merino descendent sheep skin or the local one to the quality of jacket leather.Practical meaning of this research is that merino descendent sheep skin may be tanned into jacket leather having same quality to that one from local sheep skin.Â

Penggunaan lemak fleshing industri penyamakan kulit untuk pembuatan sabun mandi Sunaryo, Ignatius; Sutyasmi, Sri; Widari, Widari; Murwati, Murwati
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 18, No 1 (2002): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

An experimentation the Use of Fat from Fleshing of Leather Tanning Industry to Produce Bath Soap was aimed to use the fat from fleshing to gain the alternative source of basic material for bath soap, to assist the industry to solve the environmental pollution and increasing the population income. The point to be gained after finishing this experiment was to find out the problem solving of environmental pollution problem caused by fleshing from leather tanning industry. Goat/sheep fleshing from one of leather tannings in Yogyakarta was collected and had been used as a source of fat. Fat from fleshing was produced by 3 kinds of heating those were coocked, âkukusâ, and steam. The results of fat analysis showed that the average of saphonification value was 201.01; free faty acid value was 0.86%; acid value was 1.72 and the unsaphonification fat value was 1.44%. The variations of fat used for bath soap manufacture were 55%, 60%, 65%, 70% and 75%; whereas the variations of sodium hydrokside were 11, 14, 17. 20 and 23, each of which was in parts. The result of this experiment showed that the fat from fleshing could be a source of fat and could be used for bath soap manufacture. In such way, it could be as a pollultion problem solving to the industry. The result of bathÂ soap analysis showed that almost all of the variations of fat and sodium hydrokside could meet the SNI 06-3532-1994 about bath soap. Economically point of view showed that the value of producing fat in various regions such as Jabotabek, West Java, Center Java, DIY and East would vary from Rp6,000,000,- to Rp.200,000,000,-; whereas the value of producing bath soap would vary from Rp 21,000,000,- - Rp 700,000,000,-Â Key words: fleshing, fat, soap, environment, tannery, waste management.Â

Pembuatan kulit amplas ringan (light buffed) dengan menggunakan mimosa serbuk, ditinjau dari kekuatan tarik, kemuluran kulit dan kadar minyaknya Untari, Sri; Widari, Widari; Sunaryo, Sunaryo
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 3, No 6 (1988): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

The objective of this study is to find out light buffed leather in good quality (flexible and unstiff). This study used 24 pieces of dry cured cow hides of third quality. All of those hides were cut into two pieces through the back line from next to tail. And then by using Cr2O3 of 2,5% and 3,0%, those hides were processed into light buffed leather. The Cr2O3 of 4,0 % 6,0% were used for fat liquoring. The tensile strength, tensile stretch and fat content of those leather then analyzed. The data were analyzed by factorial design. Based on the statistical analysisâ known that all of those treatment and combination treatment, were not significant (Â£ â¤ 0,05).Whereas the result of organoleptic analysis show thatÂ the application of 3,0 % Cr2O3, 4,0% fat, produced box leather with the highest value.Â INTISARIÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Penelitian pembuatan kulit amplas ringan (light buffed) dengan menggunakan mimosa serbuk ditinjau dengan kekuatan tarik, kemuluran kulit dan kadar minyaknya, bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kulit amplas ringan yang baik artinya tidak kaku sesuai dengan standar Industri Indonesia.Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan 24 lembar kulit sampai kualitas III yang diawet kering.Â Â Semua kulit dibelah menjadi dua menurut garis punggung. Selanjutnya kulit diproses menjadi kulit amplas ringan dengan menggunakan Cr2O3 dengan variasi 2,5% dan 3,0%.Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Untuk menyamakan ulang digunakan mimosa serbuk dengan variasi 4,0 % dan 6,0 %. Sedangkan untuk penyamakan menggunakan minyak sulfat dengan variasi 4,0% dan 6,0%.Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Kulit- kulit tersebut kemudian diuji kekuatan tarik, kemuluran kulit dan kadar minyaknya. Hasil uji dianalisa dengan faktorial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil uji kekuatan tarik, kemuluran kulit dan kadar minyak, tidak ada perbedaan (Pâ¤0,05) dari semua perlakuan dan kombinasi perlakuan. Sedangkan pada uji organoleptis menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan Cr2O3 sebesar 3,0 %, mimosa serbuk 4,0% dan minyak 4,0% menghasilkan kulit boks dengan nilai paling tinggi.

Pemanfaatan kulit belahan untuk leather goods dengan tipe finis â fancy goodâ Widari, Widari; Meiyanti, Meiyanti; widowati, Titik Purwati; Basalamah, Hasan
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 7, No 12-13 (1992): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

The material usedÂ in thisÂ experimental was the cow hide splite, processed for leather goods. As a leather goods, the split must be have the certain requirements e.g. a good rubfastness and flexing. To reach this condition, one of the most important factors is good finishing application. To gain the leather goods from split withÂ better in their performance and quality used â Fancy Goodâ type finish. The testing result (organoleptic, physic and chemical) fulfill the IIS 0018-79: The Quality and Testing of Box Leather.Â INTISARIÂ Pada penelitian pemanfaatan kulit belahan menjadi kulit leather goods, bahan dasar yang digunakan adalah kulit belahan sapi. Sebagai bahan untuk pembuatan barang-barang kulit, kulit belahan tersebut harus memenuhi persyaratan tertentu antara lain: tidak luntur dan tidak retak cat tutupnya. Guna memenuhi persyaratan tersebut, salah satu faktor penentu adalah faktor finishing atau proses pengecatan tutup. Untuk memperoleh kulit yang lebih baik kualitasnya dan penampilannya, maka tipe finis yang digunakan adalah âFancy Goodâ. Dari hasil uji organoleptis, fisik dan kimiawi, produk ini memenuhi persyaratan SII 0018-79 : Mutu dan Cara Uji Kulit Boks.

Penelitian pembuatan motif âbatik remukanâ pada kulit kras samak krom Meiyanti, Meiyanti; Widari, Widari; Widowati, Titik Purwati; Basalamah, Hasan
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 7, No 12-13 (1992): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Motif âBatik Remukanâ on the leather shows the attarctive performance; since it has produced many diversifikasi of pattern on the leathergoods. The result of this experimental is to reach the attractive motif of â Batik Remukanâ used the composition of batik wax which its consist of kote ; paraffin = 1:5.Â INTISARIÂ Motif batik remukan pada kulit dapat memberikanÂ penampilan yang menarik, sehingga dapat menghasilkan diversifikasi corak pada barang-barang kulit yang diproduksi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa untuk mendapatkan motif batik remukan yang cukup menarik dipakai komposisi lilin batik yang terdiri dari kote : parafin = 1: 5.Â

Pengaruh cara pengawetan terhadap sifat fisis kulit kelinci rex berbulu Widari, Widari
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 9, No 18 (1994): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

This experiment was done to compare the preservation (curing) method of for Rex rabbit skin on their physical properties tensile strength, tear strength and stick-tear strength. The raw material used in this experiment were 36 pieces rabbit skin. The skins devided in to three curing methods were salted, dry salted and combination dry salted and poison each nine pieces respectively. Nine pieces for uncured/fresh skins used as control. The cured and uncured skins were than processed as finished leather. The physical properties of cured finish leather were analyzed and compare with physical properties of uncured leather. The physical properties of uncured leather had better quality compared than cured leather.Â INTISARIÂ Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh terhadap sifat fisis (kekuatan tarik, kekuatan sobek dan kekuatan jahit) kulit kelinci Rex berbulu. Materi yang digunakan adalah kulit kelinci Rex sebanyak 36 lembar, terdiri dari 9 lembar kulit awet kering menggunakan racun dan 9 lembar kulit segar sebagai kontrol. Dari pengujian fisis terhadap kulit jadinya diperoleh hasil bahwa kulit jadi yang berasal dari kulit segar kualitasnya lebih baik dibandingkan kulit yang mengalami proses pengawetan.

Penelitian proses pengapuran â pembuangan bulu menurut methoda Herfeld Oetojo, Bambang; Luthfie, Muchtar; Widari, Widari; Widhiati, Widhiati; Basalamah, Hasan
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 10, No 20 (1995): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

The possibility to apply unhairing liming method of Herfeld in Indonesia is the purpose of this research. As a comparison it was perform unhairing and liming method of the institute for Research and Development of Leather and Allied Industries (IRDAI). In this research used 18 piecies of green salted cured goat skin. For each treatment used 3 pieces of green salted cured goat skin and it was done three times. The pelts output were visually investigation for the loose of the hair, the condition of the grain surface and the plump. The output of the visually investigation point out, that the hair were loose easily, the condition of the grain surface of the pelts were clean and the pelts were well plump. Practical meaning of this research is, unhairing and liming method of herfeld may be applied in Indonesia.Â INTISARIÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Kemungkinan untuk menerapkan proses pengapuran dan pembuangan bulu menurut metode Herfeld di Indonesia adalah tujuan dari penelitian ini. Sebagai pembanding dikerjakan pula proses pengapuran dan pembuangan bulu menurut metoda Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Industri Barang Kulit, Karet dan Plastik (BBKKP). Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan 18 lembar kulit kambing yang diawet dengan garam, untuk setiap perlakukan menggunakan 3 lembar kulit kambing yang diawetkan dengan garam dikerjakan 3 kali. Kulit pelts yang dihasilkan diamati secara visual mengenai lepasnya bulu, keaadan raja kulit dan kebengkakan kulit bersih dan kebengkakan kulit baik. Arti praktis dari penelitian ini adalah, proses penggapuran dan pembuangan bulu menurut metoda Herfeld dapat diterapkan di Indonesia.

Mutu kulit glase dari kulit domba peranakan merino Oetojo, Bambang; Lutfi, Muchtar; Widari, Widari; Basalamah, Hasan
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 5, No 9 (1990): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

This research used four pieces of good quality merino descendent sheep skin and four pieces of good quality local sheep of glace leather produced from merino descendent sheep skin to that one from local sheep skin. Either merino descendent sheep skins or the local ones were processed into glase leather through the ordinary tanning method. Glace leather output from this research were visual investigated and physical tested.Â Statistical analysys points out that there is unsignify difference (P â¼ 0,05) the influence of the species either it is merino and the stretch of glaze leather. It is also unsignify difference (P â¼ 0,05) the influence of the species either it is merino descendent sheep skin or the local one to the quality of glaze leather.Pratical meaning of this research is that merino descendent sheep skin may be tanned into glaze leather having same quality to that one from local sheep skins.Â

Pengaruh hide poison dan formalin terhadap sifat kulit dalam pengawet kulit kambing secara dikeringkan Sunaryo, Ignatius; Widari, Widari; Suryaningsih, Puji Ediari
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 6, No 10-11 (1991): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

The objective of this study is know the effect of ide poison and formaline in the dried curing of goat skin. This study used 199 goat skins that were devided into seven groups od curing. Each group consisted of 17 goat skins. Those groups were : 3 groups of dried curing by hide poison of 0,1%, 0,3% and 0,5%; 3 groups of dried curing by formaline of 1%, 3% and 5%; and 1 groups of dried curing without any preserevation agent as control. After having stored for about 4 months, those skins then to be analized. Physical and chemical analysis werw carried out to evaluate the quality of the skin. Completely randomized design by Duncanâs test was used to analyze the dta. Based on this statistical analysis we can know that: the effect of hide poson in the dried curing of goat skins was the best. The quality of goat skins that were cured by hide poison was as follows : - the average tensile strength was the highest (886,30 kg/CM2), - the average of stretch was the lowest (14,50%), - the average iof hardness was the highest (201,90 kg/2,54 Cm), - the water content was the lowest (20%), and the damage was the smallest (10%).

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