<![CDATA[Background: Decreased endometrial recepÂtiÂvity is suspected to be one of the factors causing inÂfertility in women with Polycystic Ovary SynÂdroÂme (PCOS). Endometrial abnormalities in PCÂOSÂ due to impaired balance include estrogen, proÂÂÂÂgesterone, growth factors, cytokines and cell atÂtachÂÂÂment modulators including leptin. This study aims to determine the expression of leptin in the endometrium which is suspected to be more common in PCOS patients and related factors.Subjects and Method: A retrospective-case control study was conducted at Dr. MoeÂwardi general hospital, Surakarta. A total of 60 women were involved; 30 infertile women with PCOS based on Rotterdam criteria (if found two of the three symptoms, including hyperandrogenism, ovuÂlaÂtion dysfunction and/or polycystic ovaries from ultrasonography) and 30 normal women as conÂtrol group. Demographic data such as age, family history of PCOS, menarche, BMI, occupation, and eduÂcation were recorded. Leptin expression was acquired from endometrium biopsy with IHC examination on day 19-24 of the menstrual cycle; under the condition that inclusion and exclusion criÂteria are fulfilled. The statistical analysis was perÂformed using the Mann-Whitney test.Results: Mean of leptin expression was found significantly higher in PCOS group (Mean= 59.16; SD= 49.34) compared to control group (Mean= 6.00; SD= 22.98, with p= 0.001. PCOS (b= 0.42; 95% CI= 0.10 to 0.73; p= 0.010) and obesity (b= 0.31; 95% CI= 0.41 to 0.58; p= 0.025) increased leptin expression.Conclusion: There is a difference in leptin exÂpresÂÂsion in the endometrium of PCOS compared to norÂmal. Â Leptin expression is higher in the enÂdoÂmetrium of women with PCOS and obesity compared to norÂmal.Keywords: Leptin expressions, endometrium, polycystic ovarian syndrome.Correspondence:Â Dwi Sakti Berlian Besar. Department of ObsÂtetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret/ Dr. Moewardi General HosÂpital, Surakarta, Indonesia. Email: dwiesakti@student.uns.ac.id. Mobile: +628121845054Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2020), 05(01): 38-46https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2020.05.01.06Â ]]>
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